CN203204080U - Bushing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code timing - Google Patents

Bushing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code timing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203204080U
CN203204080U CN 201320128819 CN201320128819U CN203204080U CN 203204080 U CN203204080 U CN 203204080U CN 201320128819 CN201320128819 CN 201320128819 CN 201320128819 U CN201320128819 U CN 201320128819U CN 203204080 U CN203204080 U CN 203204080U
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module
dielectric loss
line monitoring
monitoring device
microprocessor
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王彦良
陈晓红
王继文
李伟明
张凡华
赵洪振
郑超
冯维华
王森
邓凸
王宏
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Jining Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Jining Power Supply Co of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a bushing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code timing. The device truly reflects the insulation condition of a transformer bushing in operation by carrying out real-time, long-term and on-line monitoring on the dielectric loss of the transformer bushing in a substation and has the advantages of good stability, repeatability, high precision, high reliability, convenient maintenance and the like. The device comprises a microprocessor module, a signal selection module, a programmable amplifier module and an A/D converter module, wherein the signal selection module, the programmable amplifier module and the A/D converter module are sequentially connected. The A/D converter module is connected with the microprocessor module through a sampling logic module. The microprocessor module is connected with a B code synchronization module and an RS485 bus. The RS485 bus is connected with a bushing monitoring IED unit.

Description

Sleeve dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code time synchronization
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sleeve pipe is situated between and decreases on-line monitoring device, concretely relates to sleeve pipe is situated between and decreases on-line monitoring device based on B sign indicating number to time. Belong to power transmission and transformation equipment monitoring technical field.
Background
The main transformer of the transformer substation is the main equipment of the power system, the operation reliability of the main transformer is directly related to the safety of the power system and the reliability of power supply, and once failure occurs, the loss or influence caused by the failure is huge. Bushings are an important component of transformers, and some studies have shown that bushing failures account for 40% of transformer failures, and data also show that 52% of bushing failures are serious and even cause fires. Therefore, the research on the dielectric loss on-line monitoring technology of the capacitive bushing has high theoretical significance and engineering application value. From the last 50 s, China carries out regular power failure test, overhaul and maintenance on electrical equipment mainly according to the regulations of 'preventive test regulations of electrical equipment', and a large number of equipment which is seriously affected with damp and has obvious defects are detected. However, since the power failure maintenance and test are performed regularly, it is difficult to reflect the insulation latent fault inside the equipment in time, which has certain blindness, and also causes a great deal of waste of manpower and material resources, and the test voltage is often lower than the operation voltage, so the equivalence is relatively poor, which is not sensitive enough to reflect some defects, and can not completely adapt to the safe, economic and stable operation requirements of the power grid. Therefore, the gradual replacement of the state-based maintenance mode for the time-based maintenance mode is a necessary trend for the development of power system equipment maintenance. The precondition for realizing the state maintenance of the electrical equipment is the application of the insulation on-line monitoring and fault diagnosis technology. However, most of the early systems which have been put into practical operation adopt a distributed structure, the operation effect is not ideal, and the problems reflected by the distributed structure mainly include:
1) the measurement stability and repeatability of the dielectric loss angle are poor;
2) the current sensor has poor capability of resisting electromagnetic interference and environmental influence and is easy to lose efficacy;
3) the existing safe operation on-line monitoring system mostly adopts a centralized structure, i.e. all measured signals are converged at one position and are measured one by a host machine, namely, the frequently-mentioned inspection measurement mode exists: the long-distance transmission of the measured analog signal is interfered by a power frequency magnetic field, so that the accuracy or stability of the measured data is influenced; secondly, the real insulation condition of the tested equipment cannot be judged; the operation reliability is poor, and the failure rate is high; and fourthly, a large amount of cables need to be laid on site, the construction amount is large, and the inconvenience in maintenance and expansion is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at overcoming the deficiencies of the prior art, providing a sleeve pipe dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B sign indicating number to time. The insulation state of the transformer bushing in operation is truly reflected by monitoring the dielectric loss of the transformer bushing in the transformer substation in real time and on line for a long time, and the method has the advantages of good stability, high repeatability and precision, high reliability, convenience in maintenance and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a kind of sleeve pipe dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code time setting, it includes the microprocessor module and signal selection module, program control amplifier module and A/D converter module connected sequentially; the A/D converter module is connected to the microprocessor module through the sampling logic module; the microprocessor module is connected with the B code synchronization module and the RS485 bus, and the RS485 bus is connected with the sleeve monitoring IED unit.
The microprocessor module is also connected with a reset circuit module.
The program control amplifier module is connected with the signal conditioning module, and the signal conditioning module is connected to the microprocessor module through the frequency measurement logic module.
And the input end of the signal selection module is respectively connected with the feed-through current transformer module and the voltage sensor module for acquiring PT secondary voltage signals.
The core-through current transformer module is a BCT-2 type electromagnetic core-through small current sensor.
The microprocessor module is an NisoII series embedded processor which is embedded into Cyclone series EP2C5T144C8NFPGA chips.
The program-controlled amplifier module is a programmable gain instrument amplifier PGA 204.
The RS485 bus adopts an ADM2483 chip.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
the utility model adopts the core-through zero-flux current sensor technology to compensate the drift brought to the measurement by the temperature change; adopting an FPGA (field programmable gate array), a high-precision A/D (analog/digital) synchronous sampling technology and an optimized Fourier analysis method to obtain amplitude, phase difference and the like so as to obtain required electrical parameters such as dielectric loss, leakage current, equivalent capacitance and the like; and the B code technology is adopted to synchronously sample each monitoring device, so that the measurement precision of the system is improved.
The utility model discloses a harmonic analysis method, it is through sensor device measurement PT secondary side voltage signal and the sheathed tube current signal of flowing through, turns into digital signal with the analog signal who obtains again, then adopts digital spectrum analysis's method to solve the fundamental wave of these two signals, and then solves the loss of being situated between tan delta through the comparison to the fundamental wave phase place. In practice, the fourier series decomposition is performed on the current i (t) flowing through the equipment insulation, and the expression is:
in the formula, omega =2 pi f, wherein f is the frequency of a power grid; i is0Is the direct current component of the current; i iskRespectively being electric currentThe amplitude of each harmonic wave;
Figure BDA00002943428800022
the initial phase angle of each harmonic of the current is respectively, and k is a positive integer.
The dielectric loss factor of the bushing is:
Figure BDA00002943428800023
wherein,
Figure BDA00002943428800031
and
Figure BDA00002943428800032
the fundamental wave initial phase angles of the voltage and the current are respectively. Therefore, the key point for solving the dielectric loss factor of the capacitive bushing equipment is to remove the influence of system harmonic interference and accurately obtain the initial phase angle of i (t). Considering that i (t) is a discrete periodic sequence with finite length after discrete and quantization, assuming that x (N) represents discrete points obtained by sampling (0 ≦ N-1, and N is the total length of the sequence and corresponds to the total number of sampling points of the discrete waveform), x (N) is subjected to discrete fourier transform to obtain:
X ( k ) = DFT [ x ( n ) ] = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) e - j 2 π N kn = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) ( cos 2 πkn N + j sin - 2 πkn N ) - - - ( 1 - 3 )
the formula shows that:
X R ( k ) = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) cos 2 πkn N X I ( k ) = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) sin - 2 πkn N - - - ( 1 - 4 )
in the formula, XR(k)、XI(k) The real and imaginary parts of x (k), respectively, and j is the imaginary part of the complex number.
According to the above formula, the initial phase angle of the sequence x (n), i (t)
Figure BDA00002943428800035
Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA00002943428800036
initial phase angles of the two signals are respectively obtained through the above formula, and then the relative dielectric loss factor tan delta is obtained according to the formula (1-2).
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. an FPGA chip with high acquisition progress is selected as a processor of the system, and C of Altera corporation is usedyThe clone series chip EP2C5T144C8N is used as an FPGA device. The embedded NisoII series embedded processor meets the design requirement of high-precision measurement, improves the integration level of the system, and also enables the processor to have special flexibility and customizability. The NisoII is used as a microprocessor to acquire temperature and humidity information, realize real-time sampling control and signal frequency measurement of the A/D converter module, and complete functions of data buffering, processing, transmission and the like. The peripheral of the NisoII system embedded in the FPGA has configurability, a user can cut the system according to practical application, the NisoII processor has good custom instruction support, most instructions can be completed in one clock cycle, and the advantage of the configurable processor is also achieved. The NisoII soft core CPU is a programmable system on chip SOPC (S)ystem On Programmable Chip), which is a 32-bit reduced instruction set CPU in terms of logic function, and in terms of implementation, it is implemented On FPGA by programming, so that the SOPC system built based On FPGA can integrate sampling control, processing, caching, transmission control, communication in one Chip by combining hardware control logic, and has the advantages of flexible programming configuration, short development period, simple system, high integration level, small volume, low power consumption, many I/O ports, etc., and can well meet the requirements of high-speed acquisition On real-time performance and synchronization.
2. The remote synchronous triggering of each monitoring terminal is realized by adopting a high-precision time-giving second pulse signal, the synchronous error is less than 12ns at least, and the magnitude of the measurement precision is greatly improved; the B code synchronization module is used for receiving time data after the microprocessor identifies the synchronous pulse per second signal and converting the time data into Beijing time. When real-time acquisition is enabled or a set sampling interval comes on a time reference, the rising edge of the 1PPS signal synchronously triggers the sampling logic module and completes A/D high-speed sampling of a power frequency period within high-level time according to the sampling rate.
3. The drift brought by temperature change to measurement is compensated by adopting a core-through zero-flux current sensor technology, the phase transformation error is less than or equal to 0.01 degrees, and the problems of dielectric loss measurement precision and stability are well solved. The method adopts a core-through small current sensor, selects permalloy with high initial permeability and low loss as an iron core, and adopts a depth negative feedback technology to realize full-automatic compensation of the iron core, so that the iron core works in an ideal zero-magnetic-flux state. The sensor can accurately detect 100μA-700 mA power frequency current.
4. The dielectric loss value in the insulation online monitoring of the capacitive bushing is very small, so a high-performance A/D conversion chip is needed to complete the acquisition of the signal analog quantity. And ADS8505 from TI is a high performance Successive Approximation Register (SAR) type 16-bit a/D converter with a sampling rate of 250 kSPS. The low power dissipation of this chip, small, sampling rate and resolution ratio are high, required peripheral discrete components and parts are few, advantages such as linearity are good, it is right the utility model discloses a sampling process has fine effect. The utility model discloses what chose for use is ADS8505 of TI company, and it is that a sampling rate is 16 AD converters of high performance successive approximation register type (SAR type for short) for 250kSPS, and what its inside adopted is the capacitance matrix mode of CMOS technology, therefore the consumption ratio of this kind of chip is lower, and the volume ratio is smaller. Also, the a/D typically has a sample-and-hold device inside, which can hold the sampled voltage until the end of the conversion, and whose conversion rate is fast. And its peripheral devices are fewer.
5. The ADI ADM2483 is adopted for the RS485 serial communication, and the ADM2483 is an isolated RS485 interface chip pushed by the ADI and used for carrying out data communication with the intelligent terminal. The serial voltage signals are transmitted in a balanced differential mode, namely the state of a bus is determined by the voltage difference between a pair of wires, and the common-mode interference resistance is strong. The differential mode does not require the same ground potential of the nodes and has a wide allowable range (200 mV to 6V) of the level, thereby increasing the allowable transmission distance and transmission speed (up to 1200m, and the transmission speed can reach 100kbps when the transmission speed reaches 1200 m).
In a word, the utility model discloses a sleeve pipe is situated between and decreases on-line monitoring device monitoring transformer bushing's real-time status based on B sign indicating number to time, rationally scientifically arrange according to its state and overhaul, reducible a lot of manpower and materials reduce production running cost, improve work efficiency, also can reduce the number of times that has a power failure simultaneously, improve the reliability of transmitting electricity. The measurement stability is good, the repeatability and the precision are high, the reliability is high, and the maintenance is convenient.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows an A/D sampling circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the synchronous time service of the present invention;
fig. 4 shows a circuit diagram of an RS485 interface of the present invention;
the system comprises a microprocessor module 1, a signal selection module 2, a program control amplifier module 3, an A/D converter module 4, a sampling logic module 5, a B code synchronization module 6, an RS485 bus 8, a reset circuit module 9, a signal conditioning module 10, a frequency measurement logic module 11, a feedthrough current transformer module 12, a voltage sensor module 13 and an FPGA chip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, which are provided for the purpose of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of sleeve pipe dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code time setting, it includes the microprocessor module 1 and signal selection module 2, program control amplifier module 3 and A/D converter module 4 connected sequentially; the A/D converter module 4 is connected to the microprocessor module 1 through the sampling logic module 5; the microprocessor module 1 is connected with the B code synchronization module 6 and the RS485 bus 7, and the RS485 bus 7 is connected with the sleeve monitoring IED unit.
The microprocessor module 1 is also connected with a reset circuit module 8.
The program control amplifier module 3 is connected with the signal conditioning module 9, and the signal conditioning module 9 is connected to the microprocessor module 1 through the frequency measurement logic module 10.
The input end of the signal selection module 2 is respectively connected with a feed-through current transformer module 11 and a voltage sensor module 12 for collecting PT secondary voltage signals.
The core-through current transformer module 11 is a BCT-2 type electromagnetic core-through small current sensor.
The microprocessor module 1 is an NisoII series embedded processor which is embedded into Cyclone series EP2C5T144C8N FPGA chip 1.
The program-controlled amplifier module 3 is a programmable gain instrumentation amplifier PGA 204.
The RS485 bus 7 adopts an ADM2483 chip.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention adopts the programmable logic technology, and uses the FPGA chip 13 as the main hardware carrier. The FPGA chip 13 acquires temperature and humidity information through a Nios II soft-core processor embedded therein, realizes real-time sampling control and signal frequency measurement of the A/D converter module 4, and completes functions of data buffering, processing, transmission and the like. Selecting the state analog quantity and power frequency generation signals of the electrical equipment obtained by the core-through small current sensor, dividing the signals into two paths, and sending one path of the signals into a frequency measurement logic module 10 in the FPGA after amplification, filtering and squaring to complete signal frequency measurement; the other path is converted into digital quantity by a 16-bit high-precision A/D converter after self-adaptive amplification processing, and the digital quantity is sent to an internal sampling logic module of an FPGA chip 13, and finally, an RS485 bus 7 is selected to be used for directly communicating with a server. And the monitoring terminals are accurately synchronized through a B code clock source in the transformer substation.
As shown in fig. 2, the a/D converter ADS8505 is powered by a 5V single power supply,for chip selection signal terminal, when
Figure BDA00002943428800052
Is at a low level
Figure BDA00002943428800053
When the pin is at a high level,
Figure BDA00002943428800054
the falling edge of the pin will trigger a new sampling at this point
Figure BDA00002943428800055
The pin level is pulled low; if it is
Figure BDA00002943428800056
A low indicates that a transition is in progress and, after the transition is complete,
Figure BDA00002943428800057
the pin level is correspondingly high, the internal data is updated, and thenWill enable the output of updated parallel port data.
As shown in fig. 3, after recognizing the B-code synchronous pulse-per-second signal, the microprocessor starts to receive the time data and converts the time data into beijing time. When real-time acquisition is enabled or a set sampling interval comes on a time reference, the rising edge of the 1PPS signal synchronously triggers the sampling logic module and completes A/D high-speed sampling of a power frequency period within high-level time according to the sampling rate.
As shown in fig. 4, the RS485 interface uses ADI ADM2483, and ADM2483 is an isolated RS485 interface chip provided by ADI, which allows the data volume to be transmitted to be small and no communication exists between the monitoring terminals, so that simple and reliable RS485 can be selected for communication. The RS485 bus adopts a balanced differential mode to transmit serial voltage signals, namely the state of the bus is determined by the voltage difference between a pair of wires, and the common-mode interference resistance is strong. The differential mode does not require the same ground potential of the nodes and has a wide allowable range (200 mV to 6V) of the level, thereby increasing the allowable transmission distance and transmission speed (up to 1200m, and the transmission speed can reach 100kbps when the transmission speed reaches 1200 m).
The utility model discloses a theory of operation:
the utility model adopts the core-through zero-flux current sensor technology to compensate the drift brought to the measurement by the temperature change; adopting an FPGA (field programmable gate array), a high-precision A/D (analog/digital) synchronous sampling technology and an optimized Fourier analysis method to obtain amplitude, phase difference and the like so as to obtain required electrical parameters such as dielectric loss, leakage current, equivalent capacitance and the like; and the B code technology is adopted to synchronously sample each monitoring device, so that the measurement precision of the system is improved.
The utility model discloses a harmonic analysis method, it is through sensor device measurement PT secondary side voltage signal and the sheathed tube current signal of flowing through, turns into digital signal with the analog signal who obtains again, then adopts digital spectrum analysis's method to solve the fundamental wave of these two signals, and then solves the loss of being situated between tan delta through the comparison to the fundamental wave phase place. In practice, the fourier series decomposition is performed on the current i (t) flowing through the equipment insulation, and the expression is:
Figure BDA00002943428800062
in the formula, omega =2 pi f, wherein f is the frequency of a power grid; i is0Is the direct current component of the current; i iskThe amplitudes of the harmonics of the current are respectively;
Figure BDA00002943428800063
the initial phase angle of each harmonic of the current is respectively, and k is a positive integer.
The dielectric loss factor of the bushing is:
Figure BDA00002943428800064
wherein,
Figure BDA00002943428800065
and
Figure BDA00002943428800066
the fundamental wave initial phase angles of the voltage and the current are respectively. Therefore, the key point for solving the dielectric loss factor of the capacitive bushing equipment is to remove the influence of system harmonic interference and accurately obtain the initial phase angle of i (t). Considering that i (t) is a discrete periodic sequence with finite length after discrete and quantization, assuming that x (N) represents discrete points obtained by sampling (0 ≦ N-1, and N is the total length of the sequence and corresponds to the total number of sampling points of the discrete waveform), x (N) is subjected to discrete fourier transform to obtain:
X ( k ) = DFT [ x ( n ) ] = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) e - j 2 π N kn = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) ( cos 2 πkn N + j sin - 2 πkn N ) - - - ( 1 - 3 )
the formula shows that:
X R ( k ) = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) cos 2 πkn N X I ( k ) = Σ n = 0 N - 1 x ( n ) sin - 2 πkn N - - - ( 1 - 4 )
in the formula, XR(k)、XI(k) The real and imaginary parts of x (k), respectively.
According to the above formula, the initial phase angle of the sequence x (n), i (t)
Figure BDA00002943428800073
Comprises the following steps:
initial phase angles of the two signals are respectively obtained through the above formula, and then the relative dielectric loss factor tan delta is obtained according to the formula (1-2).
Although the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative efforts are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of sleeve pipe dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code time setting, characterized by that, it includes the microprocessor module and signal selection module, program control amplifier module and A/D converter module connected sequentially; the A/D converter module is connected to the microprocessor module through the sampling logic module; the microprocessor module is connected with the B code synchronization module and the RS485 bus, and the RS485 bus is connected with the sleeve monitoring IED unit.
2. The device for on-line monitoring casing dielectric loss according to claim 1, wherein the microprocessor module is further connected with a reset circuit module.
3. The device for on-line monitoring casing pipe dielectric loss according to claim 1, wherein the program-controlled amplifier module is connected with a signal conditioning module, and the signal conditioning module is connected to the microprocessor module through a frequency measurement logic module.
4. The casing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the input end of the signal selection module is respectively connected with the feedthrough current transformer module and the voltage sensor module for collecting PT secondary voltage signals.
5. The casing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device of claim 4, wherein the feedthrough current transformer module is a BCT-2 type electromagnetic feedthrough small current sensor.
6. The casing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the microprocessor module is an nisoi ii series embedded processor embedded on a Cyclone series EP2C5T144C8N FPGA chip.
7. The casing pipe dielectric loss on-line monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the program-controlled amplifier module is a programmable gain instrumentation amplifier (PGA 204).
8. The casing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the RS485 bus adopts an ADM2483 chip.
CN 201320128819 2013-03-20 2013-03-20 Bushing dielectric loss on-line monitoring device based on B code timing Expired - Fee Related CN203204080U (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103941100A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-07-23 国家电网公司 Intelligent device for measuring dielectric loss factor and insulation resistance of power transformer
CN104407230A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-11 广州供电局有限公司 Frequency domain dielectric spectrum measuring device for high voltage bushing
CN106841940A (en) * 2017-01-13 2017-06-13 国家电网公司 A kind of New insulated measuring device with electricity based on intelligent sensor technology
CN112910589A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-04 深圳市泰昂能源科技股份有限公司 B code time synchronization signal receiving and forwarding circuit
CN113238132A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-08-10 平顶山学院 Detection device and detection method of frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103941100A (en) * 2014-02-28 2014-07-23 国家电网公司 Intelligent device for measuring dielectric loss factor and insulation resistance of power transformer
CN104407230A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-11 广州供电局有限公司 Frequency domain dielectric spectrum measuring device for high voltage bushing
CN104407230B (en) * 2014-11-17 2016-08-17 广州供电局有限公司 Dielectric spectroscopy measurement apparatus for bushing
CN106841940A (en) * 2017-01-13 2017-06-13 国家电网公司 A kind of New insulated measuring device with electricity based on intelligent sensor technology
CN112910589A (en) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-04 深圳市泰昂能源科技股份有限公司 B code time synchronization signal receiving and forwarding circuit
CN113238132A (en) * 2021-04-27 2021-08-10 平顶山学院 Detection device and detection method of frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester
CN113238132B (en) * 2021-04-27 2024-05-03 平顶山学院 Detection device and detection method of frequency domain dielectric spectrum tester

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