CN203125924U - 双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构 - Google Patents

双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构 Download PDF

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CN203125924U
CN203125924U CN2013200410863U CN201320041086U CN203125924U CN 203125924 U CN203125924 U CN 203125924U CN 2013200410863 U CN2013200410863 U CN 2013200410863U CN 201320041086 U CN201320041086 U CN 201320041086U CN 203125924 U CN203125924 U CN 203125924U
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screw rod
machine barrel
screw
double
extruding structure
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郑志强
彭晓翊
李白千
陈涛
刘在福
秦小梅
区成材
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Foshan Rifeng New Pipe Co ltd
Rifeng Enterprise Group Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/42—Non-identical or non-mirrored screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/52—Screws with an outer diameter varying along the longitudinal axis, e.g. for obtaining different thread clearance
    • B29C48/525—Conical screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
    • B29C48/402—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders the screws having intermeshing parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/535—Screws with thread pitch varying along the longitudinal axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/54—Screws with additional forward-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/55—Screws having reverse-feeding elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505—Screws
    • B29C48/63—Screws having sections without mixing elements or threads, i.e. having cylinder shaped sections

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型公开了一种双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，包括由电机驱动的第一螺杆与第二螺杆、机筒主体、设于机筒主体上的抽湿真空口和设于机筒主体上的原料加料口，第一螺杆与第二螺杆呈对称设置，所述第一螺杆和所述第二螺杆的表面具有可将物料沿物料加料口到抽湿真空口方向输送的螺槽。所述第一螺杆与所述第二螺杆的端部分别连接可使第一螺杆和第二螺杆在机筒主体内部异向向内旋转的分布齿轮箱，该分布齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接。本实用新型无需增加资金投入，仅通过同时改变双螺杆挤出机中两条螺杆的转动方向和左右位置，转动方向由异向向外改变为异向向内，便可有效延长螺杆和机筒的使用寿命。

Description

双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构
技术领域
本实用新型涉及双螺杆挤出机技术领域，特别是涉及一种双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构。
背景技术
双螺杆挤出机，具有剪切大、产量高、塑化均匀、能耗低和可直接用粉料挤出的优点。所以在国内外得到迅速的普及，特别在PVC挤出加工领域，90%以上是使用异向旋转双螺杆挤出机。但是，如图1、图2所示，现有异向旋转双螺杆挤出机的两条螺杆是异向向外旋转的，在转动过程中，物料在机筒下方反作用给螺杆的分离力向上，所以螺杆在生产过程中不断地磨合着机筒内表面的顶部。由于PVC是热敏性材料，会在磨损的机筒内表面位置停留分解，造成挤出产品表面黑纹或杂质。随着磨损程度的加大，这种现象就会越明显，直至造成螺杆和机筒报废。
实用新型内容
基于此，针对上述问题，本实用新型提出一种可有效延长螺杆和机筒使用寿命的双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构。
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，包括由电机驱动的第一螺杆与第二螺杆、机筒主体、设于机筒主体上的抽湿真空口和设于机筒主体上的原料加料口，第一螺杆与第二螺杆呈对称设置，所述第一螺杆和所述第二螺杆的表面具有可将物料沿物料加料口到抽湿真空口方向输送的螺槽。
本技术方案是通过同时改变双螺杆挤出机中两条螺杆的转动方向和左右位置，转动方向由通常的异向向外改变为异向向内，在转动过程中物料在上方反作用给螺杆的分离力向下，机筒内表面受磨损的位置也由顶部转到底部。改变两条螺杆的转动方向，可通过改变驱动电机的接线或调整变频器来实现，同时需调换两条螺杆的左右位置。如果要改变机筒内表面受磨损的位置，也可以通过将机筒旋转180°来实现，但是机筒上原有的加料孔和抽湿真空孔需要堵住并重新在机筒对应的另一面加工。
在优选的实施例中，所述第一螺杆与所述第二螺杆的端部分别连接可使第一螺杆和第二螺杆在机筒主体内部异向向内旋转的分布齿轮箱，该分布齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接。分布齿轮箱由伺服电机直接驱动，可省去原来的减速齿轮箱，另外，第一螺杆和第二螺杆可以直接连接到同一个分布齿轮箱，一个电机驱动分布齿轮箱即可，可保证第一螺杆和第二螺杆的转速完全相同。
在优选的实施例中，所述机筒主体的端部具有两个所述抽湿真空口。
在优选的实施例中，所述原料加料口设于所述机筒主体的远离抽湿真空口的端部。
本实用新型的有益效果是：结构简单，无需增加资金投入，仅通过同时改变双螺杆挤出机中两条螺杆的转动方向和左右位置，转动方向由异向向外改变为异向向内，便可有效延长螺杆和机筒的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是传统双螺杆挤出机的螺杆排列的结构示意图；
图2是图1中A-A的剖视图；
图3是本实用新型实施例所述双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构的结构示意图；
图4是本实用新型实施例中第一螺杆与第二螺杆的排列结构示意图；
图5是图4中B-B的剖视图；
附图标记说明：
10-机筒主体，20-第一螺杆，30-第二螺杆，40-抽湿真空口，50-原料加料口，60-螺槽。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本实用新型的实施例进行详细说明。
实施例：
如图3、图4和图5所示，一种双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，包括由电机驱动的第一螺杆20与第二螺杆30、机筒主体10、设于机筒主体10上的抽湿真空口40和设于机筒主体10上的原料加料口50。第一螺杆20与第二螺杆30呈对称设置，所述第一螺杆20和所述第二螺杆30的表面具有可将物料沿物料加料口到抽湿真空口40方向输送的螺槽60。
本实施例中，所述第一螺杆20与所述第二螺杆30的端部分别连接可使第一螺杆20和第二螺杆30在机筒主体10内部异向向内旋转的分布齿轮箱，该分布齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接。分布齿轮箱由伺服电机直接驱动，可省去原来的减速齿轮箱，另外，第一螺杆20和第二螺杆30可以直接连接到同一个分布齿轮箱，一个电机驱动分布齿轮箱即可，可保证第一螺杆20和第二螺杆30的转速完全相同。
本实施例中，所述机筒主体10的端部具有两个所述抽湿真空口40。所述原料加料口50设于所述机筒主体10的远离抽湿真空口40的端部。
本实施例所述的挤料结构，通过同时改变双螺杆挤出机中两条螺杆的转动方向和左右位置，转动方向由通常的异向向外改变为异向向内，在转动过程中物料在上方反作用给螺杆的分离力向下，机筒内表面受磨损的位置也由顶部转到底部。改变两条螺杆的转动方向，可通过改变驱动交流电机的接线或调整变频器来实现，同时需调换两条螺杆的左右位置。如果要改变机筒内表面受磨损的位置，也可以通过将机筒旋转180°来实现，但是机筒上原有的加料孔和抽湿真空孔需要堵住并重新在机筒对应的另一面加工。
使用上述双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构进行挤料的方法如下：
从原料加料口50中加入物料，随着第一螺杆20和第二螺杆30的异向向内旋转，将物料拉入第一螺杆20和第二螺杆30的螺槽60中，加热机筒主体10的外部，逐渐塑化物料，螺槽60旋转产生的剪切力将物料向抽湿真空口40的方向输送，物料在输送过程中对第一螺杆20与第二螺杆30施加向下的分离力；
当物料输送至抽湿真空口40时呈半塑化状态，设于双螺杆挤出机上的抽真空装置从抽湿真空口40抽出物料中的低分子挥发物，继续向前输送物料。
上述挤料方法中，物料在输送过程中对第一螺杆20与第二螺杆30施加向下的分离力。可将螺杆磨合机筒主体10的位置由原来的内表面顶部转移至底部。
如图3、图4、图5所示，随着螺杆的旋转，从原料加料口50中所加入的物料在机筒内顶部即被拉入螺槽60中，物料在机筒外部加热和螺杆剪切的作用下逐渐塑化并向前输送。当输送至机筒上的抽湿真空口40的位置时，物料中的低分子挥发物可由设在挤出机上的抽真空装置抽出。物料在输送过程中对螺杆产生向下的分离力，使螺杆磨合着机筒的位置由原来的内表面顶部转移至底部。
在生产过程中，可定期改变机筒内表面受磨损的位置，让机筒内表面磨合的更均匀，从而延长螺杆和机筒的使用寿命。
本实用新型所设计的挤料结构，其结构简单，无需增加资金投入，仅通过同时改变双螺杆挤出机中两条螺杆的转动方向和左右位置，转动方向由通常的异向向外改变为异向向内，便可有效延长螺杆和机筒的使用寿命。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本实用新型的具体实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本实用新型的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，包括由电机驱动的第一螺杆与第二螺杆、机筒主体、设于机筒主体上的抽湿真空口和设于机筒主体上的原料加料口，第一螺杆与第二螺杆呈对称设置，其特征在于，所述第一螺杆和所述第二螺杆的表面具有可将物料沿物料加料口到抽湿真空口方向输送的螺槽。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，其特征在于，所述第一螺杆与所述第二螺杆的端部分别连接可使第一螺杆和第二螺杆在机筒主体内部异向向内旋转的分布齿轮箱，该分布齿轮箱与电机的输出轴连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，其特征在于，所述机筒主体的端部具有两个所述抽湿真空口。
4.根据权利要求3所述的双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构，其特征在于，所述原料加料口设于所述机筒主体的远离抽湿真空口的端部。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103072250A (zh) * 2013-01-24 2013-05-01 佛山市日丰企业有限公司 双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构及挤料方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103072250A (zh) * 2013-01-24 2013-05-01 佛山市日丰企业有限公司 双螺杆挤出机的挤料结构及挤料方法

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