CN203104024U - Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function - Google Patents

Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function Download PDF

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Publication number
CN203104024U
CN203104024U CN 201320048050 CN201320048050U CN203104024U CN 203104024 U CN203104024 U CN 203104024U CN 201320048050 CN201320048050 CN 201320048050 CN 201320048050 U CN201320048050 U CN 201320048050U CN 203104024 U CN203104024 U CN 203104024U
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battery
battery cell
connects
circuit
charge
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CN 201320048050
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刘建飞
谢春华
张立品
汪兆华
李战功
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SHENZHEN JINGQUANHUA ELECTRONICS CO LTD
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SHENZHEN JINGQUANHUA ELECTRONICS CO LTD
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery equalization charging device with a charging and discharging equalizing function. The battery equalization charging device comprises an MCU, a drive circuit, a boost module and a final control circuit, wherein a battery pack and the drive circuit are respectively connected with the MCU, every two adjacent individual batteries are connected with one boost circuit, the drive circuit is connected with the boost circuit and the final control circuit, and the final control circuit is connected with the battery pack. In the process of charging, the MCU detects the voltage value of each individual battery and compares the voltage value with a comparison voltage value; when the voltage value of one individual battery is greater than the comparison voltage value, charging and discharging equalization is started, and the drive circuit outputs a corresponding driving signal to control the boost circuit to transfer redundant electric energy in the individual battery to a lower-stage individual battery with low electric energy; after a few such cycles, voltage balance among the individual batteries is gradually realized, so the voltage value of each individual battery is converged to a stable value, and the service life of the battery pack is prolonged. The battery equalization charging device provided by the utility model has the advantages of a simple structure and low cost and can be widely applied in the field of charging technology of a lithium battery.

Description

A kind of device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function
Technical field
The utility model relates to the battery technology field, particularly a kind of device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function.
Background technology
In engineering was used, lithium battery became a plurality of lithium battery serial or parallel connections battery pack to be used for charging or power supply being provided owing to have advantages such as security performance is good, capacity is big usually.But its performance parameter difference enlarges in the use because the inconsistency of the performance parameter of lithium battery can cause, when before dispatching from the factory, battery pack being concentrated charging, differences such as the ability to accept of each battery cell, self-discharge rate, capacity attenuation speed make each battery cell or battery pack balance phenomenon occur, be that charging current is identical but rechargeable energy each battery cell is inconsistent, the quantity of electric charge gap that stores is divergent trend with increasing, As time goes on aggravate gradually, had a strong impact on the life-span and the reliability of battery.
Therefore, how to make a plurality of battery cells when concentrating charging, can make the rechargeable electrical energy equilibrium transfer to each battery cell, need the technical problem of solution for existing lithium cell charging badly.
The utility model content
In view of above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, can progressively reduce electric energy inconsistency between the battery cell, reach the purpose that makes each battery cell charging balance.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model has been taked following technical scheme:
A kind of device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function is used for the battery pack that is in series with a plurality of battery cells is charged, and it comprises:
Be used to detect the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell, with the magnitude of voltage of the battery cell that detects with a comparing voltage value compares and export the MCU of corresponding enable signal to drive circuit according to the result of comparison;
Be used for the enable signal of input is converted to the drive circuit of corresponding driving signal output;
A plurality of booster circuits that are used for according to the drive signal control battery cell charge or discharge of input;
Be used to control the final stage control circuit of the minor details battery cell discharge of battery pack;
Battery pack is connected MCU respectively with drive circuit, and every adjacent two battery cells connect a booster circuit, and described drive circuit connects booster circuit and final stage control circuit, and described final stage control circuit connects battery pack.
Described device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, wherein, second end of each booster circuit connects in every adjacent two battery cells, the negative pole of last batteries monomer, and the 3rd end of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of described last batteries monomer and the negative pole of back one batteries monomer; The 4th end of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of back one batteries monomer.
Described device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, wherein, described MCU comprises that a plurality of AD that are used to detect the magnitude of voltage of battery cell detect pin, each AD detects the corresponding positive pole that connects a batteries monomer of pin.
Described device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, wherein, described drive circuit comprises a plurality of driving output pins, first end of each booster circuit connects the driving output pin of a corresponding drive circuit.
Described device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, wherein, described final stage control circuit comprises diode, transformer and switching circuit;
The end of the same name of the primary coil of described transformer connects the positive pole of minor details battery cell, the different name end of described primary coil connects the 3rd end of described switching circuit, the end ground connection of the same name of the secondary coil of transformer, the different name end of described secondary coil connects the positive pole of diode, the negative pole of described diode connects the negative pole of minor details battery cell, and first end of described switching circuit connects drive circuit.
Compared to prior art, the device for equalizing charge of battery that the utility model provides with balance charge/discharge function, in charging process, detect the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell by MCU, and compare with comparing voltage value, when the magnitude of voltage of a certain battery cell starts balance charge/discharge during greater than comparing voltage value, export the corresponding driving signal controlling booster circuit electric energy transfer that this battery cell is unnecessary in the lower subordinate's battery cell of electric energy by drive circuit, so charge and discharge cycles can progressively realize the balance of voltage between battery cell several times, make the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell converge to stationary value, solved the battery damage that balance phenomenon causes effectively, problems such as shortening in useful life; And described device for equalizing charge of battery is simple in structure, be easy to control, and cost is lower, can be widely used in the lithium cell charging technical field.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be the utlity model has the balance charge/discharge function the device for equalizing charge of battery preferred embodiment structural representation.
Embodiment
The utility model provides a kind of device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function, and is clearer, clear and definite for making the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and effect, below with reference to the accompanying drawing embodiment that develops simultaneously the utility model further described.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explanation the utility model, and be not used in qualification the utility model.
Present lithium battery adopts the mode of constant current, constant voltage to charge mostly.This mode is carried out constant current charge to lithium battery earlier, and the voltage of lithium battery raises gradually in this stage; Carry out constant-potential charge when voltage reaches set point, this moment, charging current diminished.The device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function that the utility model provides is intended to solve when charging because battery self performance parameter difference causes the inconsistent problem of electric weight of each battery cell.Thinking of the present utility model is, be embodied directly in based on capacitance inconsistent on the height of magnitude of voltage of battery cell, when charging, adopt magnitude of voltage is realized that energy shifts equalizing charge greater than the unnecessary electric energy transfer of the battery cell of comparing voltage value to adjacent battery cell to a plurality of cells or by the battery pack that a plurality of cells are formed.See also Fig. 1, described device for equalizing charge of battery is used for battery pack 30 charging, and it comprises the MCU(micro-control circuit) 10, drive circuit 20, booster circuit and final stage control circuit 40.Battery pack 30 is connected MCU respectively with drive circuit 20, and drive circuit 20 connects booster circuit and final stage control circuit 40, and described final stage control circuit 40 connects MCU 10, battery pack 30 and booster circuit.Every adjacent two battery cells connect a booster circuit.MCU adopts single-chip microcomputer to control.
Wherein, be in series with a plurality of battery cells in the battery pack 30.Described booster circuit also is a plurality of, and its number is lacked one than the number of the battery cell in the battery pack.Second end 2 of each booster circuit connects in every adjacent two battery cells, the negative pole of last batteries monomer, and the 3rd end 3 of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of described last batteries monomer and the negative pole of back one batteries monomer; The 4th end 4 of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of described back one batteries monomer.Described MCU 10 comprises that a plurality of AD detect pin, and each AD detects the corresponding positive pole that connects a batteries monomer of pin, is used to detect the magnitude of voltage of its battery cell that connects.Described drive circuit comprises a plurality of driving output pins, and first end 1 of each booster circuit connects a driving output pin corresponding with it.
After connecting by the way, to battery pack 30 chargings the time, the a plurality of AD of MCU 10 detect the magnitude of voltage that pin detect a connected batteries monomer, with the magnitude of voltage of detected battery cell with a comparing voltage value compares and export corresponding enable signal EN to drive circuit 20 according to the result of comparison.Comparing voltage value is set according to the electric weight of dissimilar battery cell regulations.When the magnitude of voltage of battery cell less than comparing voltage value, illustrate that this battery cell also needs to continue charging; When the magnitude of voltage of battery cell greater than comparing voltage value, illustrate that the current electric weight of this battery cell exceeds the maximum electric weight of its regulation, the part electric weight that this need be had more is transferred in the relatively low battery cell of adjacent magnitude of voltage by the form of discharge, then with respect to this lower battery cell, the part electric weight that this has more charges to it.After drive circuit 20 enables according to the enable signal EN that receives, output corresponding driving signal, this drive signal inputs to first end 1 of booster circuit, controls the charge or discharge function of corresponding booster circuit realization to the too high battery cell of electric weight.The unnecessary electric weight of just that electric weight is higher battery cell is exported from its 4th end 4 its back of boosting by booster circuit from the 3rd end 3 inputs of booster circuit, imports its charging from the positive pole of an adjacent back batteries monomer.MCU 10 continues to detect the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell.If the magnitude of voltage of back one batteries monomer exceeds comparing voltage value, then continue transfer electrical energy sternward.So repeatedly shift the back until the final section battery cell, be in the minor details battery cell.If the magnitude of voltage of minor details battery cell also greater than comparing voltage value, then by 40 pairs of minor details battery cell discharges of final stage control circuit, makes the electric weight equilibrium of the battery cell in the whole battery group 30.
The method that the minor details battery cell need shift unnecessary electric energy is different with other battery cell, needs final stage control circuit 40 to control separately.Described final stage control circuit 40 comprises diode D, transformer T and switching circuit.The end of the same name of the primary coil of described transformer T connects the positive pole of minor details battery cell, the different name end of described primary coil connects the 3rd end 3 of described switching circuit, the end ground connection of the same name of the secondary coil of transformer T, the different name end of described secondary coil connects the positive pole of diode D, the negative pole of described diode connects the negative pole of minor details battery cell, and first end 1 of described switching circuit connects drive circuit 20 and obtains the corresponding driving signal.Described switching circuit can be MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal-oxide layer-semiconductor-field-effect transistor) pipe or the switching tube of other types.Because the inside of switching circuit is not conducting at ordinary times, causes its 3rd end 3 to be in vacant state, when from its first end, 1 input, one useful signal, can make this switching circuit conducting, just have electric current to flow through this moment in transformer T, produces electromagnetic induction.When MCU 10 judges that the magnitude of voltage of minor details battery cell exceeds comparing voltage value, control Driver Circuit 20 output corresponding driving signals are to first end, the 1 starting switch circuit of switching circuit, then transformer T shunts the minor details battery cell, with the positive pole of unnecessary electric energy transmitting to batteries monomer second from the bottom, to the charging of the residue series connected battery monomer except that the minor details battery cell, make the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell finally reach balance.Can progressively reduce the inconsistency of battery pack 30 like this, guarantee that all battery cells reach consistent in charging cycle in the battery pack 30 several times after, can guarantee effectively in each battery cell use fail safe, prolong its useful life.
Owing in the battery pack 30 a plurality of battery cells are arranged, be example for the ease of understanding following so that m battery cell to be arranged in the battery pack 30, please the structural representation referring again to device for equalizing charge of battery preferred embodiment shown in Figure 1 elaborates the utility model.Comprise in the battery pack 30 first segment battery cell BT1, the second batteries monomers B T2, the 3rd batteries monomers B T3 ... batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom and minor details battery cell BTm.Correspondingly, the number of booster circuit is lacked one than the sum of the battery cell in the battery pack 30, then comprise booster circuit 1, booster circuit 2 ... booster circuit m-1.
Second end 2 of booster circuit 1 connects the negative pole of first segment battery cell BT1, and second end 2 of booster circuit 2 connects the negative pole of the second batteries monomers B T1, connects the negative pole of batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom by that analogy until second end 2 of booster circuit m-1.The 3rd end 3 of booster circuit 1 connects the positive pole of the second batteries monomers B T2.Because each battery cell series connection, the 3rd end 3 that is equivalent to booster circuit 1 has also connected the negative pole of first segment battery cell BT1.The 3rd end 3 of booster circuit 2 connects the positive pole of the second batteries monomers B T2 and the negative pole of the 3rd batteries monomers B T3.The 3rd end 3 until booster circuit m-1 connects the positive pole of batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom and the negative pole of minor details battery cell BTm by that analogy.The 4th end 4 of booster circuit 1 connects the positive pole of the second batteries monomers B T2, and the 4th end 4 of booster circuit 2 connects the positive pole of the 3rd batteries monomers B T3, connects the positive pole of minor details battery cell BTm by that analogy until the 4th end 4 of booster circuit m-1.A plurality of driving output pins of drive circuit 20 connect first end 1 of a booster circuit respectively, promptly described a plurality of driving output pins export respectively corresponding drive signal PWM1, drive signal PWM2 ..., drive signal PWMm-1 and drive signal PWMm to first end 1 of first end 1 of booster circuit 1, booster circuit 2 ..., first end 1 of booster circuit m-1 and first end 1 of switching circuit.The AD of MUC detects the positive pole that pin AD1 connects first segment battery cell BT1, its AD detects the positive pole that pin AD2 connects the second batteries monomers B T2, its AD detects the positive pole that pin AD3 connects the 3rd batteries monomers B T3, by that analogy, its AD detects the positive pole that pin AD m-1 connects batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom, and its AD detects the positive pole that pin ADm connects minor details battery cell BTm.The end of the same name of the primary coil of transformer T connects the positive pole of minor details battery cell BTm, the different name end of described primary coil connects the 3rd end 3 of switching circuit, the end ground connection of the same name of the secondary coil of transformer T, the different name end of described secondary coil connects the positive pole of diode D, and the negative pole of described diode D connects the negative pole of minor details battery cell BTm.
When minor details battery cell BTm charged, MCU 10 detected the magnitude of voltage of first segment battery cell BT1 to minor details battery cell BTm in real time in whole charging process at first segment battery cell BT1, and these magnitudes of voltage and comparing voltage value are compared.If these magnitudes of voltage all less than comparing voltage value, then continue charging.When one of them magnitude of voltage greater than comparing voltage value, the balance charge/discharge that will carry out electric energy shifts.The magnitude of voltage of supposing to detect first segment battery cell BT1 is greater than comparing voltage value, and then concrete steps are as follows:
MCU 10 output enable signal EN are to drive circuit 20, and the control command of enable signal EN transmission is that the magnitude of voltage U1 of first segment battery cell BT1 is excessive, needs to start booster circuit 1.Then effective and transfer to first end 1 of booster circuit 1 through the drive signal PWM1 of overdrive circuit 20 conversion back output, start this booster circuit 1, the anodal output HIGH voltage U1 of first segment battery cell BT1 /Transfer to the 3rd end 3 of booster circuit 1, the 4th end 4 another high voltage of output U1 of booster circuit 1 oTo the positive pole of the second batteries monomers B T2, the second batteries monomers B T2 is charged.U1 wherein oCompare U1 /Height, this mode just are similar to the unnecessary electric energy transfer among the first segment battery cell BT1 to the second batteries monomers B T2 that is adjacent.For first segment battery cell BT1, be equivalent to discharge, and for the second batteries monomers B T2, be equivalent to charging.When U1 drops to when equaling comparing voltage value, make drive signal PWM1 invalid, then close booster circuit 1, finish primary energy and shift.
MCU 10 continues to detect the magnitude of voltage of all battery cells.If the magnitude of voltage of judging the second batteries monomers B T2 then continues the second batteries monomers B T2 is charged less than comparing voltage value.If judge greater than comparing voltage value, then with among unnecessary electric energy transfer to the three batteries monomers B T3, the transfer process of step and above-mentioned first segment battery cell BT1 in like manner.
By that analogy, if afterbody cell, the magnitude of voltage Um that is minor details battery cell BTm is greater than comparing voltage value, then MCU 10 output enable signal EN are to drive circuit 20, the control command that enable signal EN transmits at this moment is that the magnitude of voltage Um of minor details battery cell BTm is excessive, needs to start booster circuit m.The drive signal PWMm that then makes output after overdrive circuit 20 conversion effectively and transfer to first end 1 of switching circuit, start this switching circuit, the high voltage of minor details battery cell BTm arrives the positive pole of batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom by transformer T, diode D.Because first segment battery cell BT1 connects to minor details battery cell BTm, be equivalent at this moment batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom is charged to the battery group that first segment battery cell BT1 tandem compound becomes, promptly be equal in the battery group of the part electric energy transfer that minor details battery cell BTm is unnecessary one-tenth to batteries monomers B Tm-1 second from the bottom to first segment battery cell BT1 tandem compound; When the magnitude of voltage of minor details battery cell BTm drops to when equaling comparing voltage value, make PWMm invalid, the off switch circuit.At this moment, finish electric energy transfer to minor details battery cell BTm.
Adopt above-mentioned magnitude of voltage is shunted above the unnecessary voltage of the cell of comparing voltage value, by booster circuit to transfer on the relatively low adjacent cell of voltage, through all after dates of several balance charge/discharges, can realize the balance of voltage between cell, the inconsistency of cell can effectively reduce even eliminate, the voltage that makes each cell is along with charge and discharge cycles converges to stationary value, guarantee that cell is not overcharged and overdischarge, guarantee fail safe in use, prolonged the useful life of battery; And it is simple in structure, the self energy Based Intelligent Control, and cost is low, and efficient is higher, can be widely used in the lithium cell charging technical field.。
Be understandable that; for those of ordinary skills; can be equal to replacement or change according to the technical solution of the utility model and utility model design thereof, and all these changes or replacement all should belong to the protection range of the appended claim of the utility model.

Claims (5)

1. the device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function is used for the battery pack that is in series with a plurality of battery cells is charged, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
Be used to detect the magnitude of voltage of each battery cell, with the magnitude of voltage of the battery cell that detects with a comparing voltage value compares and export the MCU of corresponding enable signal to drive circuit according to the result of comparison;
Be used for the enable signal of input is converted to the drive circuit of corresponding driving signal output;
A plurality of booster circuits that are used for according to the drive signal control battery cell charge or discharge of input;
Be used to control the final stage control circuit of the minor details battery cell discharge of battery pack;
Battery pack is connected MCU respectively with drive circuit, and every adjacent two battery cells connect a booster circuit, and described drive circuit connects booster circuit and final stage control circuit, and described final stage control circuit connects battery pack.
2. the device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, second end of each booster circuit connects in every adjacent two battery cells, the negative pole of last batteries monomer, and the 3rd end of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of described last batteries monomer and the negative pole of back one batteries monomer; The 4th end of each booster circuit connects the positive pole of back one batteries monomer.
3. the device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described MCU comprises that a plurality of AD that are used to detect the magnitude of voltage of battery cell detect pin, and each AD detects the corresponding positive pole that connects a batteries monomer of pin.
4. the device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described drive circuit comprises a plurality of driving output pins, and first end of each booster circuit connects the driving output pin of a corresponding drive circuit.
5. the device for equalizing charge of battery with balance charge/discharge function according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described final stage control circuit comprises diode, transformer and switching circuit;
The end of the same name of the primary coil of described transformer connects the positive pole of minor details battery cell, the different name end of described primary coil connects the 3rd end of described switching circuit, the end ground connection of the same name of the secondary coil of transformer, the different name end of described secondary coil connects the positive pole of diode, the negative pole of described diode connects the negative pole of minor details battery cell, and first end of described switching circuit connects drive circuit.
CN 201320048050 2013-01-29 2013-01-29 Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function Expired - Lifetime CN203104024U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103746346A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-23 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 Protection circuit for multiple lithium batteries
CN105553010A (en) * 2015-12-26 2016-05-04 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 Equalization circuit employing boost energy transfer and control method for equalization circuit
CN107482699A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-15 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 Battery management method, battery management system, electrokinetic cell system and vehicle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103746346A (en) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-23 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 Protection circuit for multiple lithium batteries
CN103746346B (en) * 2013-12-31 2016-03-30 江苏索尔新能源科技股份有限公司 A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery
CN105553010A (en) * 2015-12-26 2016-05-04 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 Equalization circuit employing boost energy transfer and control method for equalization circuit
CN107482699A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-15 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 Battery management method, battery management system, electrokinetic cell system and vehicle
CN107482699B (en) * 2016-06-16 2019-09-20 宝沃汽车(中国)有限公司 Battery management method, battery management system, electrokinetic cell system and vehicle

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