CN103746346B - A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery - Google Patents
A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103746346B CN103746346B CN201310751831.8A CN201310751831A CN103746346B CN 103746346 B CN103746346 B CN 103746346B CN 201310751831 A CN201310751831 A CN 201310751831A CN 103746346 B CN103746346 B CN 103746346B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery, comprise power supply circuits, control circuit, charging and discharging circuit, this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit and balancing circuitry, this voltage detecting circuit comprises the point detection signal of the battery core voltage for detecting lithium battery, the voltage signal inputs of this point detection signal and control circuit connects one to one, described balancing circuitry comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matched with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop connects one to one in just often saving lithium battery, between negative pole, each electric discharge balanced loop is provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit.This protective circuit has the voltage detecting circuit detected lithium battery electric core voltage, there is larger pressure reduction, and reduces this pressure reduction by balancing circuitry, greatly can extend the useful life of battery between each battery core voltage that can detect the lithium battery of multi-section serial.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of lithium battery protection circuit, refer to a kind of protective circuit of the lithium battery for multi-section serial especially.
Background technology
The development of lithium ion battery has a lot of year, but is mainly used in the miniature movable type electronic products such as mobile phone, notebook computer, camera, and these occasions often all singly go here and there use, and load current is lower, and coefficient of safety is high.Recently, lithium ion battery is light with it, high-energy-density, the feature such as pollution-free, has started to be applied fast on electric bicycle, electric tool and power toy field, and has progressively been applied to hybrid electric vehicle and motor vehicle field.But the fail safe of power lithium-ion battery and useful life are still the problem that people pay close attention at present the most, so just extremely important to its protection.At present, the protective device on market has two kinds: a kind of is single baffle for mobile phone above-mentioned, camera of going here and there.Be a baffle for the maximum 6 string left and right for electric tool etc. of many strings, this baffle is maximum can only support 6 batteries series connection, if need more serial battery, multiple chip-in series can only be adopted to get up to use, considerably increase cost.And this baffle does not generally all have temperature protection and equilibrium function, low precision, the fail safe used battery, useful life and flexibility all have a huge impact.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: the protective circuit providing a kind of multisection lithium battery; this protective circuit has the voltage detecting circuit detected lithium battery electric core voltage; larger pressure reduction is there is between each battery core voltage that can detect the lithium battery of multi-section serial; and reduce this pressure reduction by balancing circuitry, greatly can extend the useful life of battery.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery, comprise power supply circuits, control circuit, charging and discharging circuit, this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit and balancing circuitry, this voltage detecting circuit comprises the point detection signal of the battery core voltage for detecting lithium battery, the voltage signal inputs of this point detection signal and control circuit connects one to one, described balancing circuitry comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matched with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop connects one to one in just often saving lithium battery, between negative pole, each electric discharge balanced loop is provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit.
As the preferred scheme of one, described charging and discharging circuit comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus positive pole and electric discharge bus negative pole, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected to the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, described electric discharge bus positive pole is connected with output bus positive pole by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G pole of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode, and the base stage of this discharge diode is connected with the electric discharge output of control circuit; The emitter of discharge diode is connected with output bus negative pole; Described charging bus positive pole is connected with electric discharge bus positive pole by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G pole of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of charging triode, the base stage of this charging triode is connected with the charging output of control circuit, and the emitter of this charging triode is connected with output bus negative pole.
As the preferred scheme of one, described protective circuit also comprises the current sensing resistance be series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit detecting this current sensing resistance electric current, and this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit.
As the preferred scheme of one; described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit be connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC resistance and divider resistance; this NTC resistance fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC resistance and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit.
After have employed technique scheme, effect of the present invention is: because voltage detecting circuit is to the battery core voltage (i.e. the voltage of each joint lithium battery) of multisection lithium battery, when each telecom voltage detected all is greater than the magnitude of voltage of setting, and any two economize on electricity cores voltage differences be greater than setting difference time, the switch element that economize on electricity core that voltage is higher is corresponding controls conducting by control circuit, this economize on electricity core is discharged, to reach the voltage difference of any two economize on electricity cores lower than setting difference, like this, by the mode that the battery core high to voltage is discharged, make the voltage fluctuation of each economize on electricity core less, the degree of balance improves, thus more electricity can be filled with to during whole lithium cell charging, extend the useful life of lithium battery.
Again because described protective circuit also comprises the current sensing resistance be series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit detecting this current sensing resistance electric current, this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit, if the current value recorded is greater than the overcurrent protection value of setting, then to discharge after certain guard delay time T1 output output low level, if and the current value recorded is greater than the short-circuit protection value of setting, then to discharge afterwards the same output low level of output at certain guard delay time T2 (T2 < T1), the same guiding discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor turns off, so just reach overcurrent discharge prevention.
Again because described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit be connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC resistance and divider resistance; this NTC resistance fits in the outside of lithium battery; test point between this NTC resistance and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit; temperature is higher; the resistance of NTC resistance is less; thus the voltage detected is lower; when the magnitude of voltage detected is lower than the temperature protection value set in control circuit, then the metal-oxide-semiconductor that discharges turns off.And when pass battery core temperature of having no progeny starts to reduce, during temperature return value lower than setting, electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting again, makes the use of lithium battery safer like this, and useful life extends.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1 is the power supply circuit of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the control circuit figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the LED indicating circuit figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is temperature sensing circuit and over-current detection circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is the circuit diagram of voltage detecting circuit, balancing circuitry and charging and discharging circuit;
In accompanying drawing: 1. power supply circuits; 2 control circuits; 3.LED indicating circuit; 4. temperature sensing circuit; 5. over-current detection circuit; 6. voltage detecting circuit; 7. charging and discharging circuit; 8. balancing circuitry.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
A protective circuit for multisection lithium battery, comprises power supply circuits 1, control circuit 2, charging and discharging circuit 7, this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit 6 and balancing circuitry 8, temperature sensing circuit 4, over-current detection circuit 5 and LED indicating circuit 3.
As shown in Figure 5, this voltage detecting circuit 6 comprises the point detection signal of the battery core voltage for detecting lithium battery, voltage signal inputs (the VOLT1 of this point detection signal and control circuit 2, VOLT2, VOLT3) connect one to one, described balancing circuitry 8 comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matched with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop connects one to one in just often saving lithium battery, between negative pole, each electric discharge balanced loop is provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit 2, this switch element selects balance metal-oxide-semiconductor, as the Q3 in Fig. 5, Q5, Q10.When the magnitude of voltage (as 3.8V) battery core CELL1 being detected, any one voltage of CELL2, CELL3 is all greater than a setting, and the voltage difference of any two strings is when being greater than a certain set point (as 50mV), the balance metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting that economize on electricity core that voltage is higher is corresponding, discharges to reach any two battery core voltage differences of going here and there lower than 50mV to battery core.By balancing battery core, the useful life of battery greatly can be extended.Such as, suppose VOLT1, VOLT2, VOLT3 detect have an economize on electricity pressure to be greater than 3.8V and, VOLT2-VOLT1=60mV is greater than 50mV, so illustrate that the voltage of battery core CELL2 is excessive, now, the balance output end CELL2BALANCE corresponding with battery core CELL2 controls balance metal-oxide-semiconductor Q5 conducting, like this, just battery core CELL2 is discharged, thus the voltage balanced between each battery core, make it in allowed limits, like this, not only make the discharge and recharge of lithium battery reasonable, and extend useful life.
As shown in Figure 5, described charging and discharging circuit 7 comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus positive pole and electric discharge bus negative pole, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected to the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, described electric discharge bus positive pole P+ is connected with output bus positive pole by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, the G pole of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode Q6, and the base stage of this discharge diode Q6 is connected with the electric discharge output DIS of control circuit 2; The emitter of discharge diode Q6 is connected with output bus negative pole P-; Described charging bus positive pole CHG+ is connected with electric discharge bus positive pole by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, the G pole of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 connects the collector electrode of charging triode Q7, the base stage of this charging triode Q7 is connected with the charging output CHG of control circuit 2, and the emitter of this charging triode Q7 is connected with output bus negative pole P-.The voltage that voltage detecting circuit 6 detects is greater than over-charge protective setting voltage, so, the charging output CHG output low level of control circuit 2, charging triode Q7 cut-off, the G pole tension high level of charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4, charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 turns off, and charging stops; What detect when voltage detecting circuit 6 is less than Cross prevention setting voltage, and so, electric discharge output DIS output low level, discharge diode Q6 ends, the G pole tension high level of electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 turns off, and electric discharge stops.And if the voltage collected is between over-charge protective setting voltage and Cross prevention setting voltage; the output DIS and charging output CHG that then discharges all exports high level; respectively by resistance R17 and R22 and R18 and R23 dividing potential drop; make discharge diode Q6 and charging triode Q7 conducting; then the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 and charging metal-oxide-semiconductor Q4 that discharges also distinguishes conducting; whole battery pack can charge normal and discharge, thus the defencive function overcharging and excessively put that lithium battery is possessed.
As described in Fig. 5 and Fig. 4, protective circuit also comprises the current sensing resistance R24 be series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit 5 detecting this current sensing resistance R24 electric current, and this over-current detection circuit 5 is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit 2.Over-current detection circuit 5 can by carrying out operation amplifier to flowing through the voltage that current sensing resistance R24 produces; and then the A/D convertor circuit in control circuit 2 converts digital signal to; if the current value recorded is greater than the overcurrent protection value of setting; then to discharge after certain guard delay time T1 output DIS output low level; if and the current value recorded is greater than the short-circuit protection value of setting; then to discharge afterwards the same output low level of output DIS at certain guard delay time T2 (T2 < T1), the same guiding discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 turns off.
Protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit 4 be connected between power supply circuits 1 and ground wire as described in Figure 4; this temperature sensing circuit 4 comprises NTC resistance and divider resistance; this NTC resistance fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC resistance and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit 2.Temperature is higher, and the resistance of NTC resistance is less, thus the voltage detected is lower, and when the magnitude of voltage detected is lower than the temperature protection value of setting in control circuit 22, then the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 that discharges turns off.And when pass battery core temperature of having no progeny starts to reduce, during temperature return value lower than setting, electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 conducting again.
As shown in Figure 1, power supply circuits 1 are dropped to whole cell voltage in the voltage range (being 5V) of the normal work of control circuit 2 herein by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1 and the resistance R1 connected with it and step-down chip U1.
As shown in Figure 2, this control circuit 2 comprises a control chip U3, and after power supply circuits 1 reduce the voltage to 5V, 1 pin of connection control chip U3 is powered.2,3,4 pin of this control chip are set as voltage signal input pin; 7 pin are charging output pin; 8 pin are electric discharge output pin; 19 pin are warm time variant voltage input pin; 18 pin are over-current detection input pin; 16,17 pin are LED light output pin; 12,13,14 pin are Differential Output pin.
As shown in Figure 3, this LED indicating circuit 3 can show the electricity of battery in real time, when lithium battery quantity not sufficient (minimum battery core voltage is lower than a certain set point), and the corresponding 16 pin output low levels of control circuit 2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q9 conducting, when red.And when minimum battery core voltage is higher than a certain set point, the corresponding 17 pin output low levels of control circuit 2, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q8 conducting, green light.
In sum; this protective circuit has that protection point is arranged flexibly, defencive function comprehensively, the number of batteries that can connect is many, precision is high, wide adaptability; not only put with overcharging, crossing, overcurrent, the basic defencive function such as short circuit but also with balance, temperature protection function; each protection point can be arranged flexibly, and can expand to the occasion of multiple batteries series connection use.
Claims (3)
1. the protective circuit of a multisection lithium battery, comprise power supply circuits, control circuit, charging and discharging circuit, it is characterized in that: this protective circuit also comprises voltage detecting circuit and balancing circuitry, this voltage detecting circuit comprises the point detection signal of the battery core voltage for detecting lithium battery, the voltage signal inputs of this point detection signal and control circuit connects one to one, described balancing circuitry comprises the electric discharge balanced loop matched with lithium battery joint number, this electric discharge balanced loop connects one to one in just often saving lithium battery, between negative pole, each electric discharge balanced loop is provided with switch element, each switch element connects one to one in the balance output end of control circuit, described charging and discharging circuit comprises charging bus positive pole and charging bus negative pole, electric discharge bus positive pole and electric discharge bus negative pole, described charging bus negative pole and electric discharge bus negative pole are all connected to the output bus negative pole of lithium battery, described electric discharge bus positive pole is connected with output bus positive pole by electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G pole of this electric discharge metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of discharge diode, the base stage of this discharge diode is connected with the electric discharge output of control circuit, the emitter of discharge diode is connected with output bus negative pole, described charging bus positive pole is connected with electric discharge bus positive pole by charging metal-oxide-semiconductor, the G pole of this charging metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the collector electrode of charging triode, the base stage of this charging triode is connected with the charging output of control circuit, and the emitter of this charging triode is connected with output bus negative pole.
2. the protective circuit of a kind of multisection lithium battery as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that: described protective circuit also comprises the current sensing resistance be series on inlet highway and the over-current detection circuit detecting this current sensing resistance electric current, and this over-current detection circuit is connected with the over-current detection input of control circuit.
3. the protective circuit of a kind of multisection lithium battery as claimed in claim 2; it is characterized in that: described protective circuit also comprises the temperature sensing circuit be connected between power supply circuits and ground wire; this temperature sensing circuit comprises NTC resistance and divider resistance; this NTC resistance fits in the outside of lithium battery, and the test point between this NTC resistance and divider resistance is connected with the warm time variant voltage input of control circuit.
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| CN201310751831.8A CN103746346B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery |
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| CN201310751831.8A CN103746346B (en) | 2013-12-31 | 2013-12-31 | A kind of protective circuit of multisection lithium battery |
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| CN103746346B true CN103746346B (en) | 2016-03-30 |
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| CN104158155B (en) * | 2014-08-08 | 2017-05-17 | 广西卓能新能源科技有限公司 | Balancing protection circuit for lithium battery |
| CN106786852A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-05-31 | 深圳天珑无线科技有限公司 | A kind of charging circuit, battery bag and mobile terminal |
| CN110350632A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-10-18 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 | A kind of battery balanced self discharge circuit and unmanned plane |
| CN112952224B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2022-12-20 | 南京泉峰科技有限公司 | Battery pack and charging balance method and system thereof |
| WO2022073317A1 (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2022-04-14 | 旋智科技(深圳)有限公司 | Series battery protection circuit |
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| CN203104024U (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-07-31 | 深圳市京泉华科技股份有限公司 | Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function |
| CN203674698U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 | Protective circuit for multiple lithium batteries |
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| JP5459946B2 (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2014-04-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | DC power supply for vehicle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN203104024U (en) * | 2013-01-29 | 2013-07-31 | 深圳市京泉华科技股份有限公司 | Battery equalization charging device with charging and discharging equalizing function |
| CN203674698U (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-06-25 | 江苏索尔新能源科技有限公司 | Protective circuit for multiple lithium batteries |
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Address after: Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215611 Zhangjiagang City Tangqiao Zhen Heng Jing Cun Guang Ming Lu Jiangsu new energy Polytron Technologies Inc Saul Applicant after: JIANGSU SOUL NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: Suzhou City, Jiangsu province 215611 Zhangjiagang City Tangqiao town Henjing village Jiangsu Guangming Road Saul Amperex Technology Limited Applicant before: JIANGSU SUOER NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20220627 Address after: 215600 No. 333 Fumin Middle Road, Tangqiao town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Suzhou sol Zhixing New Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215611 Jiangsu sol New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Guangming Road, Hengjing village, Tangqiao town, Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU SOUL NEW ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |