CN203032405U

CN203032405U - Solar electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN203032405U
Application number: CN2013200236481U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 鞠振河; 李实�
Original assignee: Liaoning Solar Energy R & D Co Ltd
Current assignee: Liaoning Solar Energy R & D Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-01-17
Filing date: 2013-01-17
Publication date: 2013-07-03
Anticipated expiration: 2023-01-17

Abstract

A solar electric vehicle solves the problems that an existing electric vehicle can last a short period in a journey after being charged once, a storage battery needs to be recharged frequently and the like. The solar electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body, a support, a solar battery panel, the storage battery, a drive mechanism and a controller. The solar electric vehicle is characterized in that an efficient soft monocrystalline silicon solar battery panel is used as the solar battery panel fixed on the top of the vehicle body through the support, and the surface of the battery panel is provided with no electrodes. An electrode is led to the back side of the monocrystalline silicon solar battery panel integrated with the top of the vehicle body. By means of a photovoltaic optimizer capable of automatically adjusting work voltage, electricity generated by the solar battery panel is stored in the energy-storing storage battery, the maximum power point output by the solar battery panel is achieved through self adaptation, and the electricity of the energy-storing storage battery is supplied to a motor of the drive mechanism through the controller. Therefore, the solar electric vehicle is reasonable in structure and compact in structure, can lighten the weight of the solar battery panel, enables the solar battery panel to track the maximum power point accurately, remarkably improves utilization efficiency of solar energy, and prolongs service life of the energy-storing storage battery.

Description

Solar electric vehicle

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of solar powered light-duty conveying arrangement, particularly a kind of high-efficiency and energy-saving type solar energy battery-driven car that adopts photovoltaic optimizer self adaptation to realize the MPPT function.It mainly is suitable for short distance, underloading transportation, is highly suitable for rural area, remote districts, the combination area of city and country, environmental sanitation operation or field work etc.

Background technology

At present, solar energy power generating converts solar power to technology that electric energy is a comparative maturity, now is widely used.Solar power is a kind of inexhaustible energy, and in the face of global energy shock, country is also advocating energetically, helping and utilize solar power.Under the situation of the not convenient usefulness of conventional energy resources such as rural area, remote districts, the combination area of city and country, environmental sanitation operation or field work, solar power can guarantee our various energy demands to greatest extent.

Electro-tricycle is compared electric motor car with two wheels, its function more comprehensively, development prospect is more wide.Electro-tricycle mainly is made up of car body, support, solar panel, storage battery, driver train and control setup etc.Rely on characteristics such as its environmental protection that has, energy-conservation, convenient, practicality, in the small towns, development of rural market is swift and violent, and the important effect of play more and more.Be that stroke after conventional electro-tricycle once charges is shorter, need frequently to battery charge.Along with the rise of oil price, the continuous improvement of road, the solar energy industry that meets national new forms of energy policy must have bigger development space.

Existing solar electric vehicle, solar panel all adopt aluminum alloy frame, have increased the weight of car body own, nor attractive in appearance.According to the patent documentation report, be that CN201120243299.5 discloses a kind of solar electric vehicle as application number, it comprises parts such as car body, solar film battery.Its special character mainly is: at the car body end face solar film battery is housed, rear vehicle is equipped with fixed case, and controller, storage battery, inverter are installed in the fixed case; The slide rheostat that can control size of current is installed on the handle of Vehicular body front, and the axis place of car body front-wheel is equipped with electrical motor; Solar film battery is connected with controller by lead, and controller is connected with storage battery by lead, and storage battery links to each other with inverter by lead, and inverter is connected with electrical motor by lead.It is low that it has solved present bicycle efficient, and gasoline and diesel oil outing vehicle waste energy, contaminated environment, and the problem of the outdoor charging inconvenience of commercial power charged battery-driven car is adapted to battery-driven car and goes out to exercise use.Though its solar module that adopts is that the non-crystalline silicon flexibility is in light weight, it is 6% more that but efficient has only, the patent No. is among the CN200520066064.8, a kind of solar electric vehicle is disclosed, comprise power-supply system, electronic vehicle body, control system, brake system, Lighting System, wherein power-supply system is made up of solar module, charge controller and storage battery.Described solar module has the N piece, wherein N is even number, N piece solar module divides the upper and lower two-layer top that is arranged on electronic vehicle body, upper and lower two-layerly respectively have N/2 piece solar module to be connected in series, upper and lower two-layer solar module is embedded in the top of vehicle body, wherein the solar module of lower floor can stretch and shrink, and upper and lower two-layer solar module and vehicle body form integrated design.Because it adopts rigidity simple glass solar battery technology, so there is efficient low (efficient is about 14%) Heavy Weight, have a strong impact on the defectives such as safety of battery-driven car.It needs N piece solar panel in addition, and N must be even number, also exist to make the size of solar module and car body carry out the integrated even numbered blocks of gathering, otherwise generating efficiency can affected defective.As publication No. be CN102358196A " solar electric vehicle) in; the ferric phosphate lithium cell that is surrounded by the glass steel cage is disclosed; be embedded in support because it adopts, with the structure of glass cement sealing-in, so exist the structure weather resisting property of frangible, Heavy Weight, glass cement sealing-in poor, defective such as service life is low.In addition, the general conventional solar cells plate that above-mentioned solar electric vehicle adopts, generating efficiency is low, in most cases needs civil power to replenish the requirement that rechargeable solar battery could satisfy the continuous travelled distance of battery-driven car.Be two storage batterys of employing of putting down in writing in CN201580268U " solar electric vehicle " as notification number, owing to adopt conventional solar cells plate generating efficiency low, still exist the not enough civil power supplementary question that needs of solar power be still waiting to solve.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of solar electric vehicle, the stroke that has solved after the once charging that existing battery-driven car exists is shorter, need frequently to problems such as battery charges, it is reasonable in design, compact conformation can alleviate the weight of solar panel, makes solar panel follow the tracks of maximum power point exactly, significantly improve the utilization ratio of solar power, prolonged the service life of energy storage battery.

The technical scheme that the utility model adopts is: this solar electric vehicle comprises car body, support, solar panel, storage battery, driver train and controller, its technical essential is: the described solar panel that is fixed on the car body top by support adopts surperficial electrodeless high-efficiency soft single crystal silicon material, electrode is guided to the back side with the integrated single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel in car body top, utilize the photovoltaic optimizer of adjusting operating voltage automatically, the electrical power storage that solar panel is produced arrives energy storage battery, self adaptation realizes solar panel Maximum Power Output point, the electric energy of energy storage battery is offered the motor of driver train by controller.

Described photovoltaic optimizer comprises one-level accessory feed, reference power supply, secondary power supply, DSP module, driving circuit and executive circuit, the one-level accessory feed becomes stable 12V vdc by integrated circuit with the voltage transition that solar panel under the different solar radiation intensity produces, and voltage is stabilized in+3.3V through the secondary power supply translation circuit again; The DSP module is passed through the input voltage and input current monitoring to the load motor end of the output of photovoltaic array and driver train, to optimize the result respectively by computing controls four switching valve conductings respectively and ends by four driving circuits, the output that realizes solar panel according to the demand of load boost, step-down, find out solar power MPPT simultaneously.

Described driver train adopts the motor-driven car body trailing wheel of band diff.

Described car body is made of chassis, vehicle bridge and wheel.

Advantage and good effect that the utility model patent has are: because the utility model adopts surperficial electrodeless high-efficiency soft single crystal silicon material as solar panel, electrode is guided to the back side with the integrated single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel in car body top, cooperation can improve the photovoltaic optimizer that operating voltage is adjusted in the utilization of solar electrical energy generation amount more than 40% automatically, make the solar energy electric light-duty truck can be on actv. roof area integrated enough solar panels, be not subjected to even odd restriction, the electrical power storage that solar panel is produced arrives energy storage battery, self adaptation realizes solar panel Maximum Power Output point, the solar electrical energy generation amount is provided to greatest extent, so it is reasonable in design, compact conformation, adopt no frame not have glass high-efficiency solar panel and roof integrated technique, can not only alleviate the weight of solar panel, be 1/5th of conventional solar cells plate weight, and make solar panel follow the tracks of maximum power point exactly, significantly improve the utilization ratio of solar power.Its efficient can reach more than 20%, and enough solar electric powers are provided, and does not need civil power to replenish basically under the normal weather condition.

During solar electric vehicle load motor normal operation, system offers load motor by controller with the electric energy of energy storage battery, and controller plays and prevent the energy storage battery overshoot, cross the effect of putting, and has prolonged the service life of energy storage battery.Integrated cost and above factor consider, car load mechanics of the present utility model can be made by cold rolled shape, cold-reduced sheet, section bar and certain plastic, rubber spare etc.Controller can adopt special vehicle set controller and photovoltaic charge controller; The power arrangement form can be motor postposition, back-wheel drive, and motor band diff, more compact structure is simple like this, can alleviate car body weight.

Solar electric vehicle adopts the photovoltaic optimizer, raising system generating efficiency is more than 40%, optimizer belongs to the DC/DC optimization technique, utilize photovoltaic voltage as the optimizer power supply, input range in the peak voltage ranges of 5V～30V to greatest extent solar power MPPT(MPPT maximum power point tracking Maximum Power Point Tracking) find, and offer storage battery.In the output voltage 20V-60V scope, can be under low voltage photovoltaic generation situation, improve output voltage, give automobile-used system maximum power transfer, also can import the high potential situation at photovoltaic, directly photovoltaic energy be passed through MPPT technology, stabilized driving motor by DC/DC, increase work efficiency, reduced the loss of energy storage link.

Solar electric vehicle adopts the high-efficiency soft single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel, and battery sheet surface is electrodeless, by special process electrode is guided to the cell back face, has increased the effective generating area of battery sheet, improves battery sheet generating efficiency, and plate effeciency is reached more than 20%.The direct current (DC) that the photovoltaic high efficiency produces directly drives automobile-used motor and travels.No frame does not have glass solar cell panel lamination and the roof technology of integrating has realized single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel and car body perfect adaptation, has realized lightweight, flexibility, the automobile-used technology of high efficiency photovoltaic generation.But solar electric vehicle adopts photovoltaic optimizer self adaptation to realize the MPPT function, according to the requirement of solar electric vehicle voltage class, choosing solar panel Maximum Power Output point voltage is 68V, the photovoltaic optimizer can be adjusted the plate operating voltage automatically, make solar panel can accurately follow the tracks of maximum power point, reach maximum power output, the use of photovoltaic optimizer can make system effectiveness improve more than 40%.The step-up/down efficient MPPT technology maximum constraints that combines is utilized solar electrical energy generation, gives automobile-used system maximum power by boosting during low voltage, reaches efficient generating; The electric power that effectively utilizes solar power to produce by direct drive motor during high pressure.Compared with the prior art, the utility model adopts PET to replace glass and the efficient monocrystalline silicon of backboard negative pole to carry out lamination, realize existing flexible amorphous silicon portability, the high efficiency of monocrystalline silicon has been arranged again, realized the perfection set of solar photovoltaic assembly and roof by optimizer, be not subjected to assembly list even numbers quantitative limitation, raising the efficiency 40% than common photovoltaic battery-driven car, is more than 4 times of non-crystalline silicon efficient, has eliminated common rigidity monocrystalline silicon assembly Heavy Weight, neither attractive in appearance, electric energy generated is low defective again.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model patent is further described.

Fig. 1 is a kind of car load scheme drawing of the utility model patent;

Fig. 2 is the body construction scheme drawing behind Fig. 1 removal solar panel.

Fig. 3 is photovoltaic optimizer system works schematic diagram.

Sequence number explanation among the figure: 1 solar panel, 2 supports, 3 car bodies, 4 driver trains, 5 controllers, 6 photovoltaic optimizers, 7 storage batterys, 8 one-level accessory feeds, 9 reference power supplys, 10 secondary power supplies, 11 DSP modules.

The specific embodiment:

Describe the concrete structure of the utility model patent in detail according to Fig. 1～2.This solar electric vehicle comprises parts such as car body 3, support 2, solar panel 1, storage battery 7, driver train 4 and controller 5.Wherein car body 3 mainly is made of the chassis, vehicle bridge and the wheel that adopt cold rolled shape, cold-reduced sheet, section bar etc. to make; Driver train 4 adopts the motor-driven car body trailing wheel of band diff, the power arrangement form of this driver train postposition, and more compact structure, simple can alleviate car body weight.Controller 5 can adopt special vehicle set controller and photovoltaic charge controller; Solar panel 1 is fixed on car body 3 tops by support 2, adopts surperficial electrodeless high-efficiency soft single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel.Electrode is guided to the back side with the integrated single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel in car body 3 tops, has increased the effective generating area of battery sheet, improves battery sheet generating efficiency, makes the plate effeciency of solar panel 1 reach 22%.But photovoltaic optimizer 6 self adaptations realize the MPPT function, according to the requirement of solar electric vehicle voltage class, choosing solar panel Maximum Power Output point voltage is 68V, the photovoltaic optimizer can be adjusted the plate operating voltage automatically, make solar panel can accurately follow the tracks of maximum power point, reach maximum power output, the use of photovoltaic optimizer 6 can make system effectiveness improve more than 10%.On daytime, on solar panel 1, the electric current that solar panel 1 produces in energy storage battery 7, electrical power storage is provided provide electric energy when solar electric vehicle uses at any time by controller 5 by solar radiation.In sum, the photovoltaic optimizer 6 of operating voltage is adjusted in the utility model utilization automatically, the electrical power storage that solar panel 1 is produced arrives energy storage battery 7, self adaptation realizes solar panel 1 Maximum Power Output point, the electric energy of energy storage battery 7 is offered the motor of driver train 4 by controller 5, can increase work efficiency, reduce the loss of energy storage link.

Above-mentioned photovoltaic optimizer comprises parts such as one-level accessory feed 8, reference power supply 9, secondary power supply 10, DSP module 11, driving circuit and executive circuit.One-level accessory feed 8 becomes stable 12V vdc by integrated circuit with the voltage transition that solar panel under the different solar radiation intensity 1 produces, and voltage is stabilized in+3.3V through secondary power supply 10 translation circuits again; DSP module 11 is passed through the input voltage and input current monitoring to the load motor end of the output of photovoltaic array and driver train 4, to optimize conducting that the result controls four switching valve Q1～Q4 respectively by four driving circuits respectively and end by computing, the output that realizes solar panel 1 according to the demand of load boost, step-down, find out solar power MPPT simultaneously.

What dotted portion was represented among Fig. 3 is the executive circuit of optimizer 6, whole system is by DSP (Digital Signal Processing digital signal processing) module 11, monitoring solar panel 1 photovoltaic output voltage and executive circuit output voltage, compare, according to the requirement of solar electric vehicle voltage class, choosing solar panel 1 Maximum Power Output point voltage is 68V, but photovoltaic optimizer 6 automatic adjustment system operating voltages, make solar panel 1 can accurately follow the tracks of maximum power point, reach maximum power output, the use of photovoltaic optimizer 6 can make system effectiveness improve more than 40%.The step-up/down efficient MPPT technology maximum constraints that combines is utilized solar electrical energy generation, and DSP module 11 is boosted by executive circuit and given automobile-used system maximum power during low voltage, reaches efficient generating; Directly drive the electric power that driver train 4 effectively utilizes solar panel 1 to produce by DSP module 11 by executive circuit during high pressure.Photovoltaic optimizer 6 systems adopt photovoltaic self-powered technology, classification power supply technique and efficient power design, the minimizing system electrical Q of using by oneself; The design of high precision reference power supply 9 has improved The measuring precision.Solar panel 1 arrives energy storage battery 7 li through controller 5 with electrical power storage by the electric energy that photovoltaic optimizer 6 sends, and when driver train 4 needed work, can be driver train 4 at any time provided electric energy to make its normal operation.Photovoltaic optimizer 6 the inside DSP modules 11 are opened up the benefit technology by four switch change-overs and are controlled carrying out the loop, improve the electric energy generated of system by the voltage raising and reducing means.

Executive circuit the inside Q1 among the figure, Q2, Q3, Q4 are switching valve; L is inductance; C1, C2 are electric capacity.

One-level accessory feed 8 becomes stable 12V vdc by integrated circuit with the voltage transition that solar panel under the different solar radiation intensity 1 produces between 5V～60V, voltage is being stabilized in+3.3V through secondary power supply 10 translation circuits, for whole photovoltaic optimizer 6 provides power supply, saved external source and built-in system power supply, the voltage that unsettled solar power is produced becomes stable power available.DSP module 11 is by output and driver train 4(load end to photovoltaic array) the input voltage and input current monitoring, to optimize the result respectively by four driving circuit (A1 by computing, A2, A3, A4) control Q1, Q2, Q3 and four switching valve conductings of Q4 respectively and end, the output that realizes solar panel 1 according to the demand of load boost, step-down.Find out the MPPT maximum power point simultaneously, improve the generating efficiency of system, and provide electric energy for load motor.

Driving circuit passes through A1, A2, and A3, A4 carries out the instruction of DSP11, and realizes Q1, Q2, Q3 and four switching valve conductings of Q4 and end.CT1, CT2 current metering sensor (not shown) is used for accurately measuring input, outgoing current among executive circuit switching valve Q1, Q2, Q3 and the Q4.

Among executive circuit switching valve Q1, Q2, Q3 and the Q4, Q1, Q2 are used for boosting, and the voltage of the deficiency of solar panel output is cut-off cooperation by Q1, Q2, are transferred to Q3, Q4, are increased to desirable value.Q3, Q4 cut-off to cooperate and realize that the too high loss in voltage of solar panel 1 output is low to moderate the desirable value of load driver train 4.Switching valve Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are with 11 combinations of DSP module, and the beginning is controlled, and finds the MPPT maximum power point of solar panel 1, reaches the efficient generating of system.

Solar electric vehicle adopts the photovoltaic optimizer, belong to the DC/DC optimization technique, utilize photovoltaic voltage as the optimizer power supply, input range in the peak voltage ranges of 5V～30V to greatest extent solar power MPPT(MPPT maximum power point tracking Maximum Power Point Tracking) find, and offer storage battery.In the output voltage 20V-60V scope, can be under low voltage photovoltaic generation situation, improve output voltage, give automobile-used system maximum power transfer, also can import the high potential situation at photovoltaic, directly photovoltaic energy be passed through MPPT technology, stabilized driving driver train by DC/DC, increase work efficiency, reduce the loss of energy storage link.

Claims

1. solar electric vehicle, comprise car body, support, solar panel, storage battery, driver train and controller, it is characterized in that: the described solar panel that is fixed on the car body top by support adopts surperficial electrodeless high-efficiency soft single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel, electrode is guided to the back side with the integrated single-crystalline-silicon solar-cell panel in car body top, utilize the photovoltaic optimizer of adjusting operating voltage automatically, the electrical power storage that solar panel is produced arrives energy storage battery, self adaptation realizes solar panel Maximum Power Output point, the electric energy of energy storage battery is offered the motor of driver train by controller.

2. solar electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described photovoltaic optimizer comprises one-level accessory feed, reference power supply, secondary power supply, DSP module, driving circuit and executive circuit, the one-level accessory feed becomes stable 12V vdc by integrated circuit with the voltage transition that solar panel under the different solar radiation intensity produces, and voltage is stabilized in+3.3V through the secondary power supply translation circuit again; The DSP module is passed through the input voltage and input current monitoring to the load motor end of the output of photovoltaic array and driver train, to optimize the result respectively by computing controls four switching valve conductings respectively and ends by four driving circuits, the output that realizes solar panel according to the demand of load boost, step-down, find out solar power MPPT simultaneously.

3. solar electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the motor-driven car body trailing wheel of described driver train employing band diff.

4. solar electric vehicle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described car body is made of chassis, vehicle bridge and wheel.