CN202727310U - 冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆 - Google Patents
冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
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- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/50—Details of extruders
- B29C48/505—Screws
- B29C48/64—Screws with two or more threads
- B29C48/645—Screws with two or more threads neighbouring threads and channels having identical configurations
Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,包括二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆,所述包括二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆的工作段螺纹外径分阶改变,从而实现产能平衡;螺杆采用整体结构也可采用分体结构,各阶之间采用螺纹旋接,设计有保证相邻两阶螺杆外径同轴度的定位段,采用轴向密封和端面密封共用的形式保证密封性;螺杆头焊接或通过螺纹连接在计量段处的螺杆体上,计量段处的螺杆体加工更大的水道。本实用新型采用异径挤出螺杆,巧妙的释放了采用强制冷喂料的第一阶冷喂料螺杆的最大产能,可大幅提高冷喂料排气挤出机的生产效率,降低单位能耗。
Description
冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆
(-)技术领域:
[0001] 本实用新型涉及橡胶冷喂料排气挤出机部件,特别是一种冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆。
(二)背景技术:
[0002] 冷喂料排气挤出机是橡胶加工过程中常用的一种设备,其核心部件就是挤出螺杆,挤出螺杆的结构是否合理直接影响整台设备的使用性能。
[0003] 普通挤出螺杆多为二阶等径螺杆,可以看成由两根普通螺杆串联而成,第一阶为普通冷喂料螺杆,通过带有喂料辊的喂料座进行强制喂料后,胶料经过塑化、增温,然后通过第一计量段和薄通段进入第二阶;第二阶为热喂料螺杆,通过调整排气段螺杆的结构, 增加螺槽深度、增大螺纹导程,使得胶料在排气段并不充满螺槽,在排气段的机筒设置排气口进行抽真空,在较高的温度和负压共同作用下,胶料中的水分蒸发为气态、一些溶剂和易挥发的单体也同时气化,连同胶料中本来夹杂的少量空气被真空泵抽走,从而实现了胶料排气,然后胶料经过压缩,通过第二计量段稳定进入机头,再通过机头口型挤出成型橡胶制品。由此可见,排气挤出机正常工作的基本条件是第一阶螺杆和第二阶螺杆的产能相同。
[0004] 普通二阶等径螺杆由于第一阶为强制冷喂料,第二阶相当于自由热喂料,且为保证排气效率,其第二阶螺杆相当于不充足喂料,故前后两阶螺杆理论最大产能有着巨大的差异,只能通过限制第一阶螺杆的产能来实现前后两阶产能平衡,使得排气挤出机的产能只有同规格同转速下销钉冷喂料挤出机的50%〜60%,且当胶料更换或机头模具更换引起机头压力改变时,前后两阶产能平衡很容易被打破,出现冒料或挤出波动现象,若追求产能提升则排气效率无法保证,排气效果不稳定。
(三)实用新型内容:
[0005] 本实用新型的目的是提供一种冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其目的在于解决排气挤出机产能低,适应能力差,排气效果不稳定的问题,以提高和扩大现有排气挤出机的应用水平和范围。
[0006] 能够实现上述目的的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,包括二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆,所不同的是为实现产能平衡,所述各阶螺杆工作段的螺纹外径分阶改变。
[0007] 冷喂料排气挤出机常规采用二阶螺杆,所述二阶螺杆包括第一阶螺杆即冷喂料螺杆和第二阶螺杆即热喂料螺杆。按挤出方向,所述冷喂料螺杆工作段分别为喂料段、塑化段、第一计量段和薄通段,所述热喂料螺杆工作段分别为排气段、压缩段和第二计量段;为达到产能平衡,所述热喂料螺杆工作段的螺纹外径大于冷喂料螺杆工作段的螺纹外径,即在冷喂料螺杆工作段的螺纹外径保持不变的情况下,加大热喂料螺杆工作段的螺纹外径。
[0008] 由于加大了热喂料螺杆工作段的螺纹外径,热喂料螺杆的生产能力得到释放,使前、后两阶螺杆处在一种稳定状态下运行而实现产能平衡。
[0009] 所述冷喂料螺杆工作段螺纹外径的三次方与热喂料螺杆工作段螺纹外径的三次方的比值为O. 5〜O. 7。
[0010] 所述冷喂料螺杆工作段螺纹外径的三次方与热喂料螺杆工作段螺纹外径的三次方的优选比值为 O. 5,0. 55,0. 6,0. 65,0. 7。
[0011] 所述二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆可为整体结构;二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆也可为分体结构,这样在胶料特性或其它外部条件发生较大改变时更换其中一阶螺杆,满足适应性要求。
[0012] 所述二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆的分体结构中,各阶螺杆之间可采用螺纹旋接,连接部位设计有保证相邻两阶螺杆外径同轴度的定位段,并采用轴向密封和端面密封保证连接处螺杆水道的密封性。
[0013] 所述二阶螺杆或多阶螺杆最后一阶螺杆的螺杆头以螺纹或焊接方式连接在计量段处的螺杆体上,便于在计量段处的螺杆体开设出更大的螺杆水道,从而更好的控制胶温,减轻螺杆重量。
[0014] 本实用新型的优点:
[0015] I、本实用新型冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆改变了传统的调节第一阶冷喂料螺杆产能适应第二阶热喂料螺杆产能的模式,通过调整第二阶热喂料螺杆的直径来实现产能平衡,最大限度的释放排气挤出机的生产能力,提高生产效率,降低单位能耗。
[0016] 2、本实用新型的螺杆可采用整体结构,也可采用分体结构,相邻的前后两阶螺杆采用螺纹连接方便更换,通过螺杆的更换来适应胶料特性等外部条件发生的重大改变。
[0017] 3、本实用新型的最后一阶螺杆头部可采用分体式的螺纹连接或焊接结构,加大该阶螺杆计量段内部的水道截面积,有利于控制进入机头的胶料温度,提高挤出稳定性。
(四)附图说明:
[0018] 图I是本实用新型的一种实施方式的结构示意图。
[0019] 图2是图I实施方式结构的进一步细化。
[0020] 图3是图2实施方式中两阶螺杆螺纹连接处结构的放大图。
[0021] 图4是图2实施方式中排气螺杆头部结构的放大图。
[0022] 图号标识:1、二阶螺杆;2、冷喂料螺杆;3、热喂料螺杆;4、螺杆水道;5、螺杆头;
6、轴向密封;7、端面密封;8、定位段;9、螺杆体。
(五)具体实施方式:
[0023] 下面结合附图对本实用新型的技术方案作进一步说明。
[0024] 冷喂料排气挤出机的挤出螺杆常规设计为如图I所示的二阶螺杆I ;沿挤出方向,二阶螺杆I的第一阶螺杆为冷喂料螺杆2,第二阶螺杆为热喂料螺杆3,所述冷喂料螺杆2和热喂料螺杆3之间为分体式结构,两者之间通过螺纹连接方式串联。
[0025] 所述冷喂料螺杆2从喂料开始,其工作段(采用产能高、塑化效果好、挤出稳定、适应能力强的销钉式结构)依次可分为喂料段、塑化段、第一计量段和薄通段;所述热喂料螺杆3的工作段依次可分为排气段、压缩段和第二计量段;冷喂料螺杆2与热喂料螺杆3的螺纹连接处设于薄通段,连接处设计有保证前、后两级螺杆外径同轴度的定位段8,并采用轴向密封6和端面密封7保证二阶螺杆I连接处的螺杆水道4的密封性,如图2、图3所示。
[0026] 为便于在热喂料螺杆3的前段,即热喂料螺杆3第二计量段处的螺杆体9内加工出更大的螺杆水道4 (大水道可以减轻螺杆重量,降低螺杆自重的影响,也有利于控制胶料温度,提高挤出稳定性),热喂料螺杆3的螺杆头5与第二计量段的螺杆体9采用分体结构,所述螺杆头5可焊接在螺杆体9上,也可以通过螺纹旋接在螺杆体9上(需通过采取密封措施来保证两者之间的密封面不漏水),如图4所示。
[0027] 为平衡产能,所述热喂料螺杆3工作段的螺纹外径大于冷喂料螺杆2工作段的螺纹外径,两者工作段螺纹外径之间的大小关系应满足:冷喂料螺杆2工作段螺纹外径三次方与热喂料螺杆3工作段螺纹外径三次方的比值处于O. 5〜O. 7之间,该区间的最佳取值分别为 O. 5,0. 55,0. 6,0. 65,0. 7。
[0028] 以上所述仅为本实用新型一种二阶螺杆I的实施方式,若按更细致的功能要求,挤出螺杆则可再细分为多阶螺杆。凡在本实用新型公开的范围之内所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。·
Claims (7)
1.冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,包括二阶螺杆(I)或多阶螺杆,其特征在于:为实现产能平衡,所述各阶螺杆工作段的螺纹外径分阶改变。
2.根据权利要求I所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述二阶螺杆(I)包括第一阶螺杆即冷喂料螺杆(2)和第二阶螺杆即热喂料螺杆(3),按挤出方向,所述冷喂料螺杆(2)工作段分别为喂料段、塑化段、第一计量段和薄通段,所述热喂料螺杆(3)工作段分别为排气段、压缩段和第二计量段,所述热喂料螺杆(3)工作段的螺纹外径大于冷喂料螺杆(2)工作段的螺纹外径。
3.根据权利要求2所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述冷喂料螺杆(2)工作段螺纹外径三次方与热喂料螺杆(3)工作段螺纹外径三次方的比值为O. 5〜O. 7。
4.根据权利要求3所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述冷喂料螺杆(2)工作段螺纹外径三次方与热喂料螺杆(3)工作段螺纹外径三次方比值的最佳取值分别为 O. 5,0. 55,0. 6,0. 65,0. 7。
5.根据权利要求I〜4中任意一项所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述二阶螺杆(I)或多阶螺杆为整体结构或为分体结构。
6.根据权利要求5所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述二阶螺杆(I)或多阶螺杆的分体结构中,各阶螺杆之间采用螺纹连接,连接部位设计有保证相邻两阶螺杆外径同轴度的定位段(8),并采用轴向密封(6)和端面密封(7)保证连接处螺杆水道(4)的密封性。
7.根据权利要求I〜4中任意一项所述的冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆,其特征在于:所述二阶螺杆(I)或多阶螺杆最后一阶螺杆的螺杆头(5)以螺纹或焊接方式连接在计量段处的螺杆体(9)上,于计量段处的螺杆体(9)开设出更大的螺杆水道(4)。
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102794901A (zh) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-11-28 | 桂林橡胶设计院有限公司 | 冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆 |
EP2786853B1 (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2021-10-13 | Konstrukta-TireTech, a.s. | Decompression screw for processing rubber compounds |
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2012
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102794901A (zh) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-11-28 | 桂林橡胶设计院有限公司 | 冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆 |
CN102794901B (zh) * | 2012-08-09 | 2015-03-11 | 桂林橡胶设计院有限公司 | 冷喂料排气挤出机异径挤出螺杆 |
EP2786853B1 (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2021-10-13 | Konstrukta-TireTech, a.s. | Decompression screw for processing rubber compounds |
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