Magnesium alloy squeezes the forging molding device
Technical field
The utility model relates to the machine-shaping field of metal material, specifically relates to a kind of magnesium alloy and squeezes the forging molding device.
Background technology
In the prior art, the machine-shaping of magnesium alloy has kinds of processes such as extruding, rolling, forging, drawing, wherein forges and drawing also has follow-up processing and forming technology.
Prior art adopts the method for extrusion process moulding magnesium alloy, mainly is to cast rod at a certain temperature through extruder in recipient, to squeeze out corresponding magnesium alloy materials through mould, can produce continuously.But, the magnesium-alloy material that mode squeezed out that utilizes extruding to be out of shape, because the restriction of the technology that is squeezed, only (uiform section is the same) and its horizontal mechanical energy property are very poor in one direction for magnesium-alloy material.In the prior art, utilize the method for pushing only can extrude the magnesium-alloy material of direction same cross-sectional, its horizontal mechanical performance is lower than 30-40%; And the magnesium-alloy material that the die forging that utilizes prior art is synthesized, its percentage elongation is merely the 40-50% of extruding gained magnesium-alloy material.
Forging Technology of the prior art is divided into die forging and open die forging; The mechanical performance of the magnesium-alloy material vertical and horizontal that the method through die forging can guarantee to obtain is close; But because the mobile of alloy raw material is restricted in the die forging process, the magnesium-alloy material percentage elongation that therefore obtains is lower.
Utilizing the magnesium alloy of the utility model to squeeze forging molding technology is technology domestic, international original creation, and the speciality of its existing extruding has the characteristics of forging again.Crowded forging is also referred to as " mouldability extruding ".Utilize the utility model to carry out in the process of magnesium alloy machine-shaping,, make that the crystal grain of generation is comparatively even through flowing of the long distance of metal stock crowded the forging.
The utility model has been avoided forging and the loaded down with trivial details problem of drawing following process synthesis technique in the prior art; Problems such as the percentage elongation of the horizontal bad mechanical property of magnesium-alloy material that extrusion process causes, the synthetic magnesium alloy of die forging is low have been overcome; Propose a kind of magnesium alloy and squeezed the technology of forging machine-shaping; Solved the difficult problem in the magnesium alloy Course Exercise in Machinery Elements Design; Horizontal, vertical, the oblique mechanical performance of the magnesium-alloy material that is synthesized is approaching, and the magnesium-alloy material percentage elongation of gained is higher simultaneously, has prolonged the life-span of magnesium-alloy material.
Summary of the invention
The utility model provides a kind of magnesium alloy and squeeze the forging molding device, comprising: the extruding barrel wherein is provided with a through hole; The extruding pad, it is slidably disposed on an end of said extruding barrel; On the said extruding pad pressure ram is set; Mould, it is arranged on an end of extruding charging basket; Said mould comprises mould sleeve and is arranged on mold wall and the die cavity in the mould sleeve; The mould seat wherein is provided with a holding tank; Said mould is set in the said holding tank.
Further comprise, be arranged on the die-cushion between said mould and the said mould seat.
Further comprise, be arranged on the vexed pad at the end place that said mould contacts with said holding tank.
Said mould seat is provided with the through hole that is communicated with said holding tank, and the push rod of hydraulic jack inserts said through hole and contacts with said vexed pad.
Said die cavity is a polishing, and the sidewall thickness of mould sleeve is 30-60mm.
The longitudinal section of said die cavity is trapezoidal.
Said pressing material tube length degree is 500-800mm.
On the sidewall of said extruding barrel exhaust apparatus is set.
The utility model comprises: the extruding barrel, and the one of which end is provided with the extruding pad, on the said extruding pad pressure ram is set; On the sidewall of said extruding barrel exhaust apparatus is set; Be arranged on the sliding form frame (mould seat) of the extruding barrel other end; The mould cover that is arranged in the sliding form frame (mould seat) reaches interior mould and the die-cushion adjacent with mould; Be arranged on the vexed pad between said mould and the die-cushion; The fixedly discharging crossbeam that is connected with sliding form frame; Through hole is set on it; The hydraulic jack that through hole through said fixedly discharging crossbeam is connected with vexed pad.Wherein, fixedly discharging crossbeam one side is provided with hydraulic jack.
Utilize the utility model magnesium alloy to squeeze the forging molding device, the barrel heating through vertical or horizontal extruder utilizes dummy block that blank in the barrel is pushed, and clamp-ons the mould molding that has vexed pad, and pauses in extruding end of a period pressurization.
Utilize the utility model can implement magnesium alloy and squeeze the forging processing and forming technology, may further comprise the steps:
(1) preheat: with blank heating to 350-440 ℃, will push barrel be heated to 300-350 ℃, with mold heated to 380-450 ℃;
(2) said mould and die-cushion are installed put into the mould seat, and between mould and die-cushion, settle vexed pad, mould and mould seat are resetted and be arranged on an end of extruding barrel;
(3) push rod with hydraulic jack stretches into the through hole on the mould seat, and mobile hydraulic pressure is taken blame for others and made push rod withstand vexed pad, is adjacent to the port of export of mould;
(4) blank is added in the said extruding barrel, opens pressure ram and honest crude green body material;
(5) push for the first time: after pier was thick, pressure ram promoted with the speed of 200-220mm/min, pushed pad and blank and push gradually to let said blank flow in the mould, and (pausing about a second) opened the exhaust of automatic electromagnetic exhaust apparatus simultaneously after pausing;
(6) arranged gas, treat that said blank gets into mould fully after, be forced into 20-25Mpa, and lasting 30-60 second;
(7) extruding for the second time: continue pressurization or mobile pressure ram, evenly push blank each orientation and the edge of mould inside to, and pause 10-20 is about second.
(8) hydraulic jack is unloaded, retreat pressure ram and extruding barrel, tail is pressed in excision, removes vexed pad and die-cushion, promotes pressure ram and moves on, and pressing material is released mould;
(9) magnesium alloy parts is taken out in the demoulding.
Wherein, the composition of said blank comprises magnesium 92.5-94.5%, zinc 5.0-6.0%, zirconium 0.3-0.9%.Can be magnesium 94.5%, zinc 5.0%, zirconium 0.3%.Blank quality proportion (density) is at 1.8-2.0.Blank also comprises a small amount of manganese 0.10-0.30%.Blank also comprise small amount of impurities 0.2%, aluminium, copper, iron, silicon etc., as iron 0.05%, copper < 0.05%.
Wherein, the inwall of said mould is a polishing, the sidewall thickening 80% of mould, and thickness is more than the 60mm.
Wherein, thus the vexed pad that said die-cushion and hydraulic jack push rod insert and the through hole through the mould seat supports has guaranteed that molten metal is through the mould that outflows between mould and the vexed pad.
Wherein, said pressing material tube length is 500-800mm.
The utility model magnesium alloy squeezes the forging progressive part that processing and forming technology had and comprises: utilize the utility model can produce the product that extruding can not be made, overcome the not high problem of general horizontal mechanical performance of pushing simultaneously.The utility model has overcome in the prior art pressing method extrded material and has directly extruded through mould; The problem that the extrded material pressurized is unequal; In the utility model blank under mould and vexed pad supplemental support between flowing forming in the isobaric die cavity of formed sealing; Make each position of forming part suffered pressure on three-dimensional all equate, thereby the crowded forging mechanical performance of products of utilizing the utility model to obtain is higher than common extruded product far away.
Use extruder and comprehensive extruder vertical extruding and forging press forge technology; Magnesium alloy ingot is clamp-oned in the mould that has vexed pad; And adopt secondary extrusion (vexed squeezing adopted in extruding for the second time) promptly to be equivalent to hydraulic pressure pressures of swaging, win the strong point of forging effect of extruding and the forging machine of extruder, and the horizontal physical property of having avoided pushing is poor; The excessive situation easy to crack of longitudinal stress of forging; The comparison extruded product, the strength of materials of forging product and this product and stretching force, the harmony of the comprehensive physical property of metal of this product is far above the physical property of simple extruding and forging.
Utilizing the utility model magnesium alloy to squeeze forging machine-shaping device can produce than the bigger magnesium-alloy material of general press itself.The product size that extrusion process of the prior art obtains receives the restriction of discharging opening size; And pass through to flow product in the pressing method, less relatively to the requirement of deformation force size, relatively, the strength to device therefor in the Forging Technology requires bigger.Utilize in the technology of the utility model through excessive mobile goods organize more evenly, finer and close.In the utility model, blank is than long many of magnesium-alloy material, be its height 5-8 doubly, and this be Forging Technology can't realize; Long 500mm ~ the 800mm of barrel that the utility model adopts, it is short to have solved the blank deformation distance of flow that in forging process, exists, product material lack of homogeneity, the problem that percentage elongation is low.Utilize the utility model to synthesize the flat product of height 30mm ~ 50mm, magnesium-alloy material dense structure is even.
Utilize the utility model directly to obtain magnesium-alloy material, reduced the following process forming step that the synthetic magnesium alloy of forging and drawing also need carry out.The product that utilizes the utility model can the fabrication portion prior art only can obtain through casting, and the product dense structure that produces of the utility model technology, pore-free.
In the method for the die forging machine-shaping magnesium alloy of prior art, blank only can be in the mould internal strain, squeeze in the step of base in the technology of the utility model and utilize, whole blank all flow, distortion.Therefore the utility model technology more helps the even tissue of magnesium-alloy material.Utilize the magnesium alloy of the utility model squeeze to forge processing and forming technology and in enclosure space, carry out, so technological temperature easy master more.Utilize the technology of the utility model to overcome the difficult problem of the demoulding and exhaust in the prior art; The mould design is also different fully with extruding and Forging Technology; The way of the separately-loaded demoulding is adopted in the demoulding; Mould has independent merging and phase bank formula to adopt pin-connected panel according to the product difference, and press carries electromagnetic exhaust valve according to flow principles and realizes exhaust.Percentage elongation that squeeze to forge the product that the machine-shaping device produces by the utility model magnesium alloy is greater than product 5-10 percentage point that is made by die forging.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural profile sketch map of the utility model device.
Fig. 2 is the mould structure generalized section of the utility model device.
Fig. 3 is the vertical structure generalized section of the utility model device and the position view of die-cushion and mould.
Fig. 4 is the mould outlet cross-sectional view of the utility model device.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the specific embodiment of the utility model is further described, following examples only are used for more clearly explaining the technical scheme of the utility model, and do not limit the protection domain of the utility model with this.
Shown in Fig. 1-4,1 expression extruding barrel, 2 expression moulds, 3 expression die-cushions; 4 expression mould seats, 5 expression holding tanks, 6 expression extruding pads, the through hole of 7 expression extruding barrels; 8 expression magnetic valve exhaust apparatus, 9 expression pressure rams, the vexed pad of 10 expressions, 11 expression hydraulic jacks; The push rod of 12 expression hydraulic jacks, 21 expression die walls (mold wall), 22 expression die cavitys, 23 expression mould sleeve.
The magnesium alloy of the utility model squeezes the forging molding device, and is as shown in Figure 1, comprising: extruding barrel 1, mould 2, die-cushion 3, vexed pad 10, mould seat 4, hydraulic jack 11.Be provided with a through hole 7 in the extruding barrel 1, an end of through hole 7 is mounted slidably extruding pad 6, is provided with pressure ram 9 on the extruding pad 6.On the sidewall of extruding barrel 1 exhaust apparatus 8 is set.The length of extruding barrel 1 is 500 mm, can also be 600 mm, 800mm etc.
The other end of extruding barrel 1 is provided with mould 2, and mould 2 is arranged in the holding tank 5 in the sliding mould seat 4.Between mould 2 and the mould seat 4 die-cushion 3 is set.Further, an end of adjacent contact can be provided with vexed pad 10 between the holding tank 5 of mould 2 and mould seat 4.The external diameter of vexed pad 10 is greater than mould 2 discharging openings.
Further, mould seat 4 is provided with a through hole, and it is communicated with holding tank 5, and the push rod 12 of hydraulic jack 11 is inserted in the through hole and contacts with vexed pad 10.
Like Fig. 2, Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, mould 2 comprises mould sleeve 23 and is arranged on mold wall 21 and the die cavity 22 in the mould sleeve 23.Mold wall 21 constitutes a mold insert structure with die cavity 22.
Die cavity 22 is polishings, and inner chamber is tapered, and its longitudinal section is trapezoidal.
The sidewall thickness of mould sleeve 23 is 30mm, can also be 40mm, 60mm etc.
Mold wall 21 is the thickened wall of shape of being rectangle, and the inboard is poroid, and its inwall is the smooth inner wall that has tapering, its sidewall thickening 80%, thickness be 60mm and more than, four jiaos have R.
The external diameter of mould 2 or die wall 22 are than conventional mould thickening 80%, and inboard two 45 degree x10 chamferings are prone to flow with metal liquid.It is the R angle that mould 2 is designed with tapering and four jiaos, guarantees the smooth demoulding.Mould 2 is flat-dies, can also be compound die.
Die-cushion 3 is the sheet material that has the hole than mould 2 discharge openings greatly, its interstitial hole and mould discharging mouth kissing.
Vexed pad 10 is arranged in the middle of die-cushion 3 and the mould 2, and is bigger than the discharging opening of mould 2.
The technology of utilizing the utility model device to implement is carried out the processing magnesium alloy parts, earlier with blank, push barrel, the mould that has a vexed pad preheats respectively; Again blank is added the extruding barrel, honest crude green body material; Again blank is sent into and carried out the extruding first time in the mould that has vexed pad; Then, evenly push blank to each orientation of mould inside and edge and carry out the extruding second time; Then, pressing material is released mould, the demoulding obtains magnesium-alloy material.
Concrete steps are following:
(1) preheats:, push barrel 1 simultaneously and be heated to 300 ℃, mould 2 is heated to 380 ℃ blank heating to 350 ℃.Can also blank heating to 440 ℃ will be pushed barrel 1 and will be heated to 350 ℃, mould 2 will be heated to 450 ℃.The pre-heating temperature scope that the present invention is suitable for is: blank heating will be pushed barrel (1) and be heated to 300-350 ℃ to 350-440 ℃, and mould (2) is heated to 380-450 ℃.
(2) open mould seat 4, mould 2 is fit in the holding tank 5 of mould seat 4, and between mould 2 and die-cushion 3, settle vexed pad 10, then, playback mould seat 4 is arranged on an end that pushes barrel 1 with mould 2 and mould seat 4.
(3) before as above pressure ram moves; Reverse hydraulic jack push rod 11; The push rod 12 of hydraulic jack 11 is stretched into and through the through hole on the mould seat 4, moves the hydraulic pressure at extruder discharging opening place simultaneously and take blame for others 11, with the vexed pad 10 reverse ports of export that withstand mould 2 back segments that are adjacent to.The push rod of hydraulic jack 11 12 inserts and thereby the through hole through mould seat 4 supports vexed pad 10.Die-cushion 3 and vexed pad 10 have guaranteed that molten metal is through outwards flowing out mould 2 between mould 2 and the vexed pad 10.
(4) blank is added in the through hole 7 of extruding barrel 1, opens pressure ram 9 and blank is earnestly thick.
(5) extruding for the first time: behind the pier crude green body material, the speed promotion pressure ram 9 with 200mm/min promote extruding pad 6 and blank, and extrusion billet flows in the die cavity 22 of mould 2 gradually, pauses (pausing 1 second), opens 8 exhausts of automatic electromagnetic exhaust apparatus simultaneously; In this step, the speed that promotes pressure ram 9 can be 250mm/min.
(6) arranged gas, treat that blank gets in the die cavity 22 of mould 2 fully after, be forced into 25Mpa, and continue 60 seconds.In this step, can also add to 20Mpa, and continue 30 seconds.
(7) extruding for the second time: continue pressurization extruder push rod 9, blank material is evenly pushed to each orientation and edge in the die cavity 22 of mould 2, and pause 10-20 is about second.In this step, can also pass through with move mode extruder push rod 9.
(8) hydraulic jack 11 unloaded remove, pressure ram 9 is retreated, after move extruding barrel 1, excise unnecessary blank and press tail, remove vexed pad 10, die-cushion 3 and mould seat 4, promote pressure ram 9 and move on, pressing material is released from the die cavity 22 of mould 2.
(9) magnesium alloy parts is taken out in the demoulding.
The constituent of blank comprises magnesium 92.5-94.5%, zinc 5.0-6.0%, zirconium 0.3-0.9%.Specifically comprise magnesium 94.5%, zinc 5.0%, zirconium 0.3%.Blank quality proportion (density) is 1.8.The constituent of blank can also be a magnesium 93%, zinc 6.0%, zirconium 0.9%, manganese 0.10%.Manganese content can be 0.10-0.30%.Blank quality proportion (density) is 2.0.Blank also contains small amount of impurities, impurity 0.2%, and as iron 0.05%, copper < 0.05%.
The blank model is magnesium alloy materials MB15, also can be MB2, MB8 etc.
With the comparison that manufactures a product of physical property test result and the tradition of utilizing the utility model device to make magnesium alloy parts, the result is as shown in the table:
Data can be found out from last table, adopt the utility model magnesium alloy to squeeze and forge the magnesium-alloy material that synthesizer makes, and have both kept the intensity of conventional extruded, Forging Technology product in the vertical, and the utility model has improved product tensile strength in the horizontal simultaneously.Simultaneously, the product that the utility model device makes is compared with the product of conventional forging process gained, on percentage elongation, has obtained bigger improvement.Therefore, utilize the utility model magnesium alloy to squeeze the synthetic magnesium alloy of forging synthesizer and have good mechanical performance, existing higher intensity has good percentage elongation again, has improved the scope of application and the life-span of part greatly.