CN202420173U - Smelting furnace and nozzle thereof - Google Patents
Smelting furnace and nozzle thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN202420173U CN202420173U CN 201220015941 CN201220015941U CN202420173U CN 202420173 U CN202420173 U CN 202420173U CN 201220015941 CN201220015941 CN 201220015941 CN 201220015941 U CN201220015941 U CN 201220015941U CN 202420173 U CN202420173 U CN 202420173U
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- nozzle
- smelting furnace
- passage
- whirl cylinder
- swirl
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a smelting furnace and a nozzle thereof. The nozzle of the disclosed smelting furnace includes a casing body and a swirl generator, wherein the swirl generator includes a swirl cylinder and a swirl air inlet passage; the centre line of the swirl cylinder is vertical to the horizontal plane, the upper end of the swirl cylinder is enclosed, and a reactant gas passage is formed inside the swirl cylinder; the swirl cylinder is provided with a plurality of air inlets distributed along the circumference in the tangential direction, the swirl air inlet passage is communicated with the reactant gas passage through the air inlets; and an annular material passage is formed between the outer wall surface of the swirl cylinder and the inner wall surface of the casing body. Through utilizing the nozzle, a reactant gas in the swirl cylinder without material particles avoids abrasion to the swirl cylinder; the material falls freely in the annular material passage, and causes very minor abrasion to the casing body and the swirl cylinder; and furthermore, the nozzle has a longer service life.
Description
Technical field
The utility model includes the non-ferrous metal smelting technique, exactly relates to the smelting technique of a kind of copper smelting, nickel, lead, zinc, is specifically related to a kind of nozzle of smelting furnace, also relates to a kind of smelting furnace that comprises this nozzle.
Background technology
At non-ferrous metal industry, pyrometallurgical method commonly used carries out metal smelt; Pyrometallurgical method is sulphur and iron and oxygen reaction in the sulfide mine finally to be removed and the method that obtains non-ferrous metal.Along with market competition is fierce day by day, environmental requirement is also increasingly high, the feature of environmental protection of reinforced metal smelting process how, and reducing production costs simultaneously becomes the important topic of non-ferrous metal metallurgy; This also promotes new metallurgical technology to continue to bring out simultaneously.
Though the chemical reaction mechanism that various technologies are followed is identical, on process, pyrometallurgical method roughly can be divided into bath smelting and space smelting in suspension two big classes; Space smelting in suspension is most widely used to be the Outokumpu flash smelting that is originated in Finland.The essence of space smelting in suspension is exactly to utilize the huge surface area of dry back powdery sulfide mine, and the material particle is fully combined with oxygen, in moment (2～3 seconds), accomplishes oxidation reaction, reaches the purpose of desulfurization.Because produce huge heat in the oxidation reaction process, product is high-temperature flue gas and high-temperature fusant, reacting furnace need bear huge thermic load; The thermic load that suspension smelting furnace commonly used at present will bear is not less than 2000MJ/m
3.h, but this moment, the furnace lining of this smelting furnace is more serious by the erosion corrosion phenomenon.
Chinese patent document CN102268558A discloses a kind of Whirl entraining metallurgical technology.Be provided with conical outlet wind speed controller in the disclosed rotational flow generator of this patent documentation; This outlet wind speed controller can move up and down in reaction gas passage; The upper-lower position that changes outlet wind speed controller can change the discharge area of rotational flow generator, and then can control the speed that reacting gas gets into the body of heater reaction compartment.But in actual production; Owing to need adjust continuously to the position of outlet wind speed controller; Because the error of machine driving and control system itself exists, and then cause exporting the wind speed location of controls easily and can produce deviation, the swirl velocity that causes getting into the reacting gas of reaction compartment is difficult to control; Influence the stability of reaction compartment reaction, and then cause the metal smelt process unstable.
In addition, conical outlet wind speed controller also can produce certain resistance to reacting gas, causes the operating cost of smelting furnace higher.
The utility model content
First purpose of the utility model provides a kind of nozzle, utilizes this nozzle can improve the stability of metal smelt.
Providing on the basis of said nozzle, the utility model also provides a kind of smelting furnace that comprises this nozzle.
The nozzle of the smelting furnace that the utility model provides comprises shell body and rotational flow generator; Said rotational flow generator comprises whirl cylinder and revolution air intake passage; The center line of whirl cylinder is vertical with horizontal plane, and the whirl cylinder upper end closed, the inner reaction gas passage that forms; Said whirl cylinder has several air inlets along the circumference arranged tangential, and said revolution air intake passage communicates with reaction gas passage through air inlet; Form the material channel of annular between the outside wall surface of said whirl cylinder and the internal face of shell body.
Optional, the eddy flow contraction flow region that passage section from the top down reduces is gradually formed at said whirl cylinder bottom.
Optional, corresponding with the eddy flow contraction flow region, the housing contraction flow region that internal face diameter from the top down reduces is gradually formed at said shell body bottom.
Optional, said air inlet be evenly distributed on said whirl cylinder center line around.
Optional, on each said revolution air intake passage control valve being installed, each said control valve all links to each other with same signal controller.
Optional, said shell body arranged outside has cooling jacket.
Optional, be provided with the Central oxygen-supply passage in the said reaction gas passage.
Optional, in said Central oxygen-supply passage, also be provided with fuel gun.
The smelting furnace that the utility model provides comprises body of heater and nozzle, and said nozzle is installed on the roof of body of heater, and said nozzle is the nozzle of above-mentioned any smelting furnace; The cross section of the reaction compartment that said body of heater forms is greater than the cross section of said shell body lower end.
In the nozzle that the utility model provides; Rotational flow generator comprises whirl cylinder and revolution air intake passage; Form reaction gas passage in the whirl cylinder; The revolution air intake passage communicates with the interior reaction gas passage of whirl cylinder, and can on tangential direction, infeed reacting gas to reaction gas passage, so just can in reaction gas passage, form swirling eddy; In addition, form the material channel of annular between the outside wall surface of the internal face of shell body and whirl cylinder; Like this, material did not mix before leaving nozzle with reacting gas.In the reaction gas passage in whirl cylinder,,, and then can not produce wearing and tearing to whirl cylinder because it does not carry material particles though reacting gas rotates at a high speed; Material free-falling in the material channel of annular is because its falling speed is less, to the wearing and tearing of shell body and whirl cylinder also very little (can not consider).Like this, nozzle just can use the long period, has long service life.Behind the reaction compartment of material and reacting gas arrival body of heater, the material of powdery forms the annulation materials flow along the free-falling on every side of reacting gas; The reacting gas that gets into reaction compartment with the rotating fluid form can entrainment the high-temperature furnace gas on material and top in reaction compartment, can form the mixing rotary fluid; Simultaneously; Will be when the high-temperature furnace gas of reaction compartment is entrainmented through the streams of annular; And then can add thermal material; The material particle was promptly heated by high-temperature furnace gas in the very first time that gets into reaction compartment, and then can accelerate the reaction speed of material, the material particle can be accomplished in the shorter time (1 second) from being heated to chemical reaction.The more important thing is; Form reaction gas passage in the whirl cylinder; There is not any obstruction reacting gas outlet wind speed controller downward or that upwards rotate in week in the reaction gas passage; And then the more stable mode of reacting gas is moved, and then improve stability, for the stability of metal smelt provides good prerequisite to body of heater supply response gas.
In further technical scheme, the eddy flow contraction flow region that passage section from the top down reduces is gradually formed at said whirl cylinder bottom.Like this, after the lower end ejection of whirl cylinder, can have higher speed at reacting gas, and then improve the rotary speed of swirling eddy, improve the power of entrainmenting material and high-temperature furnace gas.
In further technical scheme, corresponding with the eddy flow contraction flow region, the housing contraction flow region is formed at said shell body bottom, and on direction from the top down, the diameter of the internal face of housing contraction flow region reduces gradually.The material web that can make the formation of material whereabouts like this improves the concentration degree of material at the reaction compartment position of center line more near the center line of whirl cylinder.
The utility model provides smelting furnace to comprise above-mentioned any nozzle, because nozzle has above-mentioned technique effect, comprises that the smelting furnace of this nozzle also has corresponding technique effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure of nozzle sketch map of the smelting furnace that provides of the utility model embodiment, for the convenience of describing, and the furnace binding that also illustrates among the figure.
Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A to sketch map.
Fig. 3 is the operation principle sketch map of the nozzle of the smelting furnace that provides of the utility model embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the technical scheme that the utility model provides is described in detail, the description of this part only is exemplary and explanatory, should not be regarded as the restriction to the utility model public technology content.
Should be noted that: in the presents, said " on ", the D score noun of locality is to serve as with reference to confirming with the nozzle user mode; Said " interior ", " outward " are to serve as with reference to confirming with the nozzle axis, near the position of axis be in, away from the position of axis be outside; Said cross section is the cross section parallel with horizontal plane.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is the structure of nozzle sketch map of the smelting furnace that provides of the utility model embodiment; For the convenience of describing, body of heater 4 structures shown in the figure, the cross section of the reaction compartment that body of heater forms is greater than the lower end cross section of nozzle housing body.Fig. 2 be among Fig. 1 A to sketch map.
The nozzle that embodiment provides comprises shell body 1 and the rotational flow generator 2 that is positioned at shell body 1.Rotational flow generator 2 comprises whirl cylinder 21 and revolution air intake passage 22.In this example, shell body 1 is tubular structure with whirl cylinder 21, and the central lines of the two; The center line of whirl cylinder 21 is vertical with horizontal plane, and the center line of whirl cylinder 21 forms the axis O of nozzle.Whirl cylinder 21 keeps fixing with shell body 1, and shell body 1 is installed on the roof of body of heater 4, and the shell body arranged outside has cooling jacket, through water-cooling pattern shell body 1 is cooled off.
In the present embodiment; The outlet wind speed controller of regulating the reacting gas speed that gets into reaction compartment 41 is not set in the whirl cylinder 21; In whirl cylinder 21, form reaction gas passage 23, can reduce the obstruction of other parts like this, guarantee the stability of reacting gas in reaction gas passage 23 motions to the reacting gas motion; And then improve the stability that reacting gas is supplied with, for the stability of metal smelt process provides good prerequisite.
As shown in the figure, whirl cylinder 21 is positioned at shell body 1 inside; Like this, between the internal face of the outside wall surface of whirl cylinder 21 and shell body 1, form the corresponding annular space, this annular space constitutes material channel 12.The charging aperture of material channel 12 upper ends can be provided with fluidisation distribution device 11, so that lasting, smooth and easy feed; In addition, fluidisation distribution device 11 can dock with metering feeding device, with control feeding speed and flow.
As shown in Figure 1, nozzle also comprises central tube 31, and central tube 31 is arranged in reaction gas passage 23, preferably makes the center line and whirl cylinder 21 central lines of central tube 31; Like this, the reacting gas through revolution air inlet duct 22 entering whirl cylinders 21 just can make reaction gas passage 23 form loop configuration along the spatial movement between central tube 31 and the whirl cylinder 21; This structure more helps rotatablely moving of reacting gas, helps the formation and the maintenance of swirling eddy.Certainly; Also can in central tube 31, form a gas and infeed passage; This gas infeeds passage and is called Central oxygen-supply passage 30; Can in reaction compartment 41, infeed pure oxygen, oxygen-enriched air or other reacting gas through Central oxygen-supply passage 30,, improve the reaction mass between material and the reacting gas with the consumption of postreaction space 41 core oxygen with the direct current mode.As shown in Figure 1, in Central oxygen-supply passage 30, fuel gun 32 can also be set, fuel gun 32 is stretched into along the center line of central tube 31; Like this, can guarantee to react continuation in the reaction compartment 41 starting or infeeding fuel to reaction compartment 41 during low temperature through fuel gun 32.
Please refer to Fig. 3, this figure is the operation principle sketch map of the nozzle of the smelting furnace that provides of the utility model embodiment.
In the metal smelting process, reacting gas 23a gets in the reaction gas passage 23 along turning round air intake passage 22 and air inlet 211 tangent line along whirl cylinder 21, forms swirling eddy 23b.Before revolution air intake passage 22, suitable control valve is set, can controls the speed that gets into reacting gas in the whirl cylinder 21, and then can control the rotary speed of swirling eddy 23b.Swirling eddy 23b flows downward and gets into body of heater 4 along whirl cylinder 21 and forms in the reaction compartment 41.The material of powdery gets in the material channel 12 through fluidisation distribution device 11, and the streams of formation falls along material channel 12, enters into reaction compartment 41.
Like this, material did not mix before leaving nozzle with reacting gas.In the reaction gas passage 23 in whirl cylinder 21,,, and then can not produce wearing and tearing to whirl cylinder 21 because it does not carry material particles though that the reacting gas that exists with the rotating fluid form rotates at a high speed is mobile; Material free-falling in the material channel 12 of annular, its falling speed is less, and material is not to the wearing and tearing of shell body 1 and whirl cylinder 21 very little (can consider) yet.Therefore, because reacting gas and material all can not produce very strong abrasive action to nozzle, and then nozzle can use in a long time, has the service life of growing.
In reaction compartment 41, the free-falling around reacting gas of the material of powdery forms the annulation materials flow.In B1 zone, the reacting gas that exists with the swirling eddy form entrainments the high-temperature furnace gas around material and reaction compartment 41 center lines in reaction compartment, forms mixing rotary fluid 24a; In the process of entrainmenting; Will be when high-temperature furnace gas is entrainmented through the streams of annular; So just can heat material; The material particle was promptly heated by high-temperature furnace gas in the very first time that gets into reaction compartment, and then can reach ignition temperature rapidly, the material particle can be accomplished in the short time (1 second) from being heated to chemical reaction.In addition, whirl cylinder 21 is positioned at the top of body of heater 4, and the cross section of reaction compartment 41 like this, when reacting gas is from whirl cylinder 21 arrival reaction compartments 41, constitutes the tube flowing structure of expansion suddenly greater than the cross section of shell body 1 lower end; And then; Leaving whirl cylinder 21 at reacting gas arrives in the reaction compartment 41; When the reacting gas of rotation entrainments material and high-temperature furnace gas in reaction compartment 41; Can make material and high-temperature furnace gas simultaneously to the motion of the centerline direction of reaction compartment 41, at the position of center line of reaction compartment 41, promptly the vortex core position forms all zones of high concentration of oxygen gesture and material; Can make promptly that to form with the vortex core on the section that mixes rotary fluid 24a be material (comprising material and the oxygen) enrichment region at center, form the poor district of material around; At the material enrichment region, the distribution density of material reduces gradually from inside to outside.
Run to the B2 zone from top to bottom when mixing rotary fluid 24a, and temperature of charge produces corresponding reaction when arriving the temperature of catching fire between material and the oxygen, the high temperature that reaction moment produces makes the volume rapid expansion of mixing rotary fluid 24a, and swirl strength weakens; Because the vortex core position is the material enrichment region, this zone is the focal area and the high-temperature region of reaction, and the distribution of temperature is to be the trend that outwards weakens gradually at center with the vortex core equally in the reacted mixing rotary fluid 24a.Reacted mixing rotary fluid 24a is made up of fusion droplet and furnace gas, and the fusion droplet collides each other grows up and sedimentation, and then separates with high-temperature furnace gas.Simultaneously; Mixing the furnace gas that rotary fluid 24a outermost layer formation temperature reduces relatively; This part furnace gas forms from bottom to top the backflow furnace gas 24b of operation in reaction compartment 41, the poor district of material that this backflow furnace gas 24b can 41 tops, filling space forms owing to swirling eddy entrainments.Like this; Reaction compartment 41 top swirling eddies to center line entrainment, bottom mixing rotary fluid 24a expansion furnace gas outwards moves, the synergy of the two will mix formation backflow furnace gas 24b from bottom to top between the space of rotary fluid 24a and the wall of reaction compartment 41; The partial melting droplet that backflow furnace gas 24b carries secretly can stick on the liner of reaction compartment, the material of infusibility under the final residue (for example magnet), and these infusibility materials can form the protective layer to furnace lining, and then can improve the anti-erosion corrosion property of body of heater 4 furnace linings.
In a word, the nozzle that utilizes this embodiment to provide can produce following technique effect:
The first, owing to can utilize high-temperature furnace gas material to be heated in the very first time, so can improve the material firing rate, to improve coefficient of oxygen utilization high, increases reacting completely property.
The second, because conversion zone is more concentrated; And then the space that material reacts is less; The high-temperature region is more concentrated; Radiation length to the furnace lining of body of heater 4 is far away, and has the lower backflow furnace gas 24b of temperature between high-temperature region and furnace lining, can reduce furnace gas and molten mass washing away and corrode body of heater 4 furnace linings.
Three, the motion of the effect of entrainmenting of the rotatablely moving of swirling eddy, swirling eddy and the backflow furnace gas 24b collision probability that can increase between reacting gas and the material particle is high, is beneficial to the sedimentation of reacted molten mass, and reduction flue dust incidence is low.
Please refer to Fig. 1, among the embodiment, the eddy flow contraction flow region 13 that passage section from the top down reduces is gradually formed at whirl cylinder 21 bottoms.Like this, after the lower end ejection of whirl cylinder 21, can have higher speed at reacting gas, and then improve the rotary speed of swirling eddy 23b, improve the power of entrainmenting material and high-temperature furnace gas.Corresponding with eddy flow contraction flow region 13, the housing contraction flow region is formed at shell body 1 bottom; On direction from the top down, the diameter of the internal face of housing contraction flow region reduces gradually.So just make material channel 12 have inflexed structure, and then the material web that can make the formation of material whereabouts improve the concentration degree of material at the reaction compartment position of center line more near the center line of reaction compartment 41.
Among the embodiment; Whirl cylinder 21 is provided with two air inlets 211; Corresponding 22, two air inlets 211 of two revolution air intake passages that are provided with air inlet 211 can guarantee the center of swirling eddy 23b in the reaction gas passage and the central lines of whirl cylinder 21 so symmetrically and evenly being distributed in around whirl cylinder 21 center lines; Guarantee the stability of swirling eddy 23b, and then guarantee to mix the stability of rotary fluid 24a.Certainly, whirl cylinder 21 can also be provided with a plurality of air inlets 211, and is corresponding, can also be provided with a plurality of and each air inlet 211 corresponding revolution air intake passage 22.In order to guarantee respectively to turn round the synchronism of air intake passage 22 air intakes, can also turn round on the air intake passage 22 at each control valve is installed, and each control valve is all linked to each other with same signal controller; So just can utilize same each control valve of signal controller control, make and respectively turn round the maintenance of air intake passage 22 air intakes synchronously.
Providing on the said nozzle basis, the utility model also provides a kind of smelting furnace, and this smelting furnace comprises body of heater and nozzle, and nozzle is installed on the body of heater roof, and nozzle can be the nozzle of above-mentioned any smelting furnace; And the cross section of the reaction compartment that said body of heater forms is greater than the cross section of shell body 1 lower end of nozzle.
Used concrete example among this paper the technical scheme that the utility model provides is set forth, the explanation of above embodiment just is used to help to understand the technical scheme that the utility model provides.Should be understood that; For those skilled in the art; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from the utility model principle, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the utility model, these improvement and modification also fall in the protection domain of the utility model claim.
Claims (9)
1. the nozzle of a smelting furnace is characterized in that, comprises shell body (1) and rotational flow generator (2); Said rotational flow generator (2) comprises whirl cylinder (21) and revolution air intake passage (22); The center line of whirl cylinder (21) is vertical with horizontal plane, and whirl cylinder (21) upper end closed, the inner reaction gas passage (23) that forms; Said whirl cylinder (21) has several air inlets along the circumference arranged tangential (211), and said revolution air intake passage (22) communicates with reaction gas passage (23) through air inlet (211); Form the material channel (12) of annular between the internal face of the outside wall surface of said whirl cylinder (21) and shell body (1).
2. the nozzle of smelting furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the eddy flow contraction flow region (13) that passage section from the top down reduces is gradually formed at said whirl cylinder (21) bottom.
3. the nozzle of smelting furnace as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, and is corresponding with eddy flow contraction flow region (13), and the housing contraction flow region that internal face diameter from the top down reduces is gradually formed at said shell body (1) bottom.
4. like the nozzle of each described smelting furnace of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, said air inlet (211) be evenly distributed on said whirl cylinder (21) center line around.
5. like the nozzle of each described smelting furnace of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that on each said revolution air intake passage (22) control valve is installed, each said control valve all links to each other with same signal controller.
6. like the nozzle of each described smelting furnace of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that said shell body (1) arranged outside has cooling jacket.
7. like each described swirl nozzle of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, be provided with Central oxygen-supply passage (30) in the said reaction gas passage (23).
8. swirl nozzle as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, in said Central oxygen-supply passage (30), also is provided with fuel gun (32).
9. a smelting furnace comprises body of heater (4) and nozzle, and said nozzle is installed on the roof of body of heater (4), it is characterized in that, said nozzle is the nozzle of each described smelting furnace of claim 1-8; The cross section of the reaction compartment (41) that said body of heater (4) forms is greater than the cross section of said shell body (1) lower end.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220015941 CN202420173U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Smelting furnace and nozzle thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220015941 CN202420173U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Smelting furnace and nozzle thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN202420173U true CN202420173U (en) | 2012-09-05 |
Family
ID=46744930
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201220015941 Expired - Lifetime CN202420173U (en) | 2012-01-13 | 2012-01-13 | Smelting furnace and nozzle thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN202420173U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914164A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Nickel-making oxygen-enriching top-blowing immersion spray gun with longer service life |
| CN104634102A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 阳谷祥光铜业有限公司 | Reverse spin floating smelting method, nozzle and metallurgical equipment |
-
2012
- 2012-01-13 CN CN 201220015941 patent/CN202420173U/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102914164A (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2013-02-06 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | Nickel-making oxygen-enriching top-blowing immersion spray gun with longer service life |
| CN104634102A (en) * | 2015-02-13 | 2015-05-20 | 阳谷祥光铜业有限公司 | Reverse spin floating smelting method, nozzle and metallurgical equipment |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |
Granted publication date: 20120905 |
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| CX01 | Expiry of patent term |