CN106521181B - It is a kind of to revolve floating lead smelting process and revolve floating lead smelting device - Google Patents
It is a kind of to revolve floating lead smelting process and revolve floating lead smelting device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106521181B CN106521181B CN201610950113.7A CN201610950113A CN106521181B CN 106521181 B CN106521181 B CN 106521181B CN 201610950113 A CN201610950113 A CN 201610950113A CN 106521181 B CN106521181 B CN 106521181B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
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Abstract
Floating lead smelting process is revolved this application discloses a kind of, comprising the following steps: enters mixed material in reaction tower through material channel；Reaction gas forms eddy flow, enters reaction tower by rotational flow gas channel and venturi passage；Solid reductant is sprayed into sedimentation basin to form reducing agent floating layer；The eddy flow expanded at a high speed, in reaction tower with mixed material haptoreaction；The molten drop of generation is reduced agent floating layer and is reduced into lead and slag, and isolated lead bullion；The high-temperature gas of generation is burned rifle in uptake flue and ignites, and residual gas drains into waste heat boiler from smelting furnace.Provided by the invention to revolve floating lead smelting process, so that smelting reaction can sufficiently carry out, oxygen utilization rate is improved, and can also be used the reaction gas of oxygen-rich concentration, and be suitable for the needs of inventory wide fluctuations, be enabled production capacity that must be obviously improved.The present invention also provides a kind of rotations for being suitable for the floating lead smelting process of above-mentioned rotation to float lead smelting device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non-ferrous metal pyrometallurgical smelting technical fields, in particular to a kind of to revolve floating lead smelting process, the present invention
It further relates to be suitable for the floating lead smelting device of a kind of rotation that lead smelting process is floated in above-mentioned rotation.
Background technique
With environmental requirement raising and technological progress, widely used lead smelting technology is mainly oxygen bottom in modern industry
Blow method (Q.S.L), this matt method (ISASMELT) He Jifu Saite method (Kivcet) difficult to understand.
Oxygen bottom blowing method (Q.S.L) He Aosi matt method (ISASMELT) belongs to sedimentation basin smelting process.Wherein, oxygen
Subaeration is to stir material or solution by blasting oxidizing gas in oxygen bottom blowing furnace bottom, and make gas and material or solution
Haptoreaction；And this matt method difficult to understand is to spray into oxidizing gas to solution using the oxygen rifle that furnace roof portion is arranged in, agitation solution makes oxygen
Change gas and solution haptoreaction.But the utilization rate that the two all has oxygen is low, strong stirring is to the fire proofed wood in sedimentation basin
The problems such as material consumption is big, and the lead-in-dreg amount generated is higher, needs to carry out lead recovery processing to lead skim, improves production cost.
Base husband's Saite method (Kivcet) then belongs to suspension smelting process, and operating process is the lead concentrate that will be dried and reduction
Agent and flux are added in reaction tower through furnace roof to be reacted, and is completed reduction in the precipitating pool area of the bottom of reaction tower and sunk
It forms sediment, output lead bullion, slag and the flue gas containing sulfur dioxide.And base husband's Saite furnace of aforesaid operations is carried out, it is Flash Smelting Furnace and electric furnace group
Integral type lead-smelting furnace made of conjunction, precipitating pool area are made of two reaction zones, i.e., set partition wall in furnace will precipitate pool area
It is divided into zoneofoxidation and reducing zone, but this will lead to device structure complexity, the problems such as precision prescribed is high be operated, to the smelting band of lead
Biggish difficulty is carried out.
Therefore, how more efficiently, simply the smelting for realizing lead, have become current those skilled in the art and urgently solve
Certainly the problem of.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, revolving floating lead smelting process the present invention provides a kind of, vulcanized lead compound can be further improved
Metallurgical effect, the present invention also provides be suitable for above-mentioned rotation float lead smelting process a kind of rotation float lead smelting device.
In order to achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
It is a kind of to revolve floating lead smelting process, comprising the following steps:
It enables dry lead concentrate powder, lead-containing material and flux be mixed to form mixed material in proportion, and makes the mixture
Material enters in the material channel of nozzle, enters in the reaction tower of smelting furnace using the material channel；
Reaction gas forms eddy flow under the cyclone effect of the nozzle, and the rotational flow gas for entering the nozzle is logical
In road, the eddy flow passes through the venturi passage of the nozzle under the guidance in the rotational flow gas channel, and eventually enters into institute
State reaction tower；
Solid reductant is sprayed into the sedimentation basin being located in the reaction tower, with the solution surface in the sedimentation basin
Form reducing agent floating layer；
The eddy flow expanded at a high speed by the venturi passage, in the reaction tower with the mixed material
Haptoreaction；
Haptoreaction generate molten drop drop into the sedimentation basin, contacted with the reducing agent floating layer react and
The bottom that the metallic lead of generation metallic lead and slag, the slag and molten state enters the reducing agent floating layer is separated,
To obtain lead bullion；
The high-temperature gas rich in sulfur dioxide that haptoreaction generates, enters the smelting through the space at the top of sedimentation basin
In the uptake flue of furnace, the combustion gun being arranged on the uptake flue sprays into oxygen-enriched air into the high-temperature gas and ignites
The high-temperature gas, the residual gas after burning drain into waste heat boiler from the smelting furnace, to carry out waste heat recycling.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, further comprising the steps of:
By the auxiliary oxygen channel and auxiliary fuel path of the nozzle supplemented into the reaction tower reaction gas and/
Or fuel.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation float lead smelting process in, Xiang Suoshu nozzle convey the mixed material process further include with
Lower operation:
The mixed material is sent in the nozzle using conveying pipeline, and is introduced into the fluidisation dispenser of the nozzle
In fluidized, then enter back into the material channel.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, the lead concentrate powder, the flux and is mixed with the described of flue dust and is contained
In lead materials, water content is respectively less than 0.5%；The flux is the mixture of limestone particle and quartz sand particle, and institute
The granularity for stating limestone particle and the quartz sand particle is respectively less than 5mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, and the oxygen concentration in the reaction gas is 40%VOL~95%
VOL, the rotation flow velocity that the eddy flow enters the smelting furnace is 220m/s~300m/s.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, and the flow that the auxiliary gas passage sprays into the reaction gas is
0Nm3/ h~200Nm3/ h, the flow that the auxiliary fuel path sprays into fuel is 0Nm3/ h~100Nm3/h。
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, and the solid reductant is the coal dust or coke that granularity is less than 10mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, and the flow for the oxygen-enriched air that the combustion gun sprays is 0Nm3/
H~100Nm3/h。
It is a kind of to revolve floating lead smelting device, including conveying pipeline, smelting furnace, and it is connected to the conveying pipeline and the smelting furnace
Nozzle floats lead smelting process suitable for rotation described in above-mentioned any one, in which:
The nozzle includes: the rotational flow gas channel of water conservancy diversion reaction gas, is set on the air inlet in the rotational flow gas channel
It is equipped with cyclone；Venturi passage in the rotational flow gas channel is set；It is set in the outside in the rotational flow gas channel,
And the material channel being connected to the conveying pipeline；
The smelting furnace includes: to be provided on the furnace body of the smelting furnace, for spraying into the sedimentation basin of the smelting furnace
Enter the reducing agent entrance of solid reductant；It is provided on the furnace body of the smelting furnace, quilt in the sedimentation basin can be exported respectively
Multiple products of the different solid products of separation export；It is arranged on the uptake flue of the smelting furnace, it can be to described
The combustion gun of injection oxygen-enriched air in uptake flue；Also, the product outlet of the slag for exporting haptoreaction generation, with institute
The difference in height for stating reducing agent entrance is 200mm~1500mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, the minimum diameter d of the venturi passage, is not more than the eddy flow
The internal diameter D of gas passage, and it is greater than D/2.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, the cyclone by perpendicular to the rotational flow gas channel into
Tracheae connect to be formed with the rotational flow gas channel, and the air inlet pipe is connected to form gas with the rotational flow gas channel
Entrance, the gas access include the contraction mouth close to the air inlet pipe and the tangential mouth close to the rotational flow gas channel.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, and the position that the material channel is connected to the conveying pipeline is provided with
Fluidize dispenser, and the conveying pipeline is obliquely installed relative to the material channel, and the conveying pipeline is with respect to the horizontal plane
Tilt angle is 10 degree~40 degree.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, further includes:
Auxiliary oxygen channel in the rotational flow gas channel is set；
It is set in the outside in the auxiliary oxygen channel, and the auxiliary fuel path being located in the rotational flow gas channel.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, further includes being set on the outer wall of the auxiliary fuel path, and energy
The cone governor that enough axial reciprocatings along the auxiliary fuel path move, and be arranged in outside the roof in the rotational flow gas channel
Side controls the mobile controller of the cone governor.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting device, the rotational flow gas channel, the venturi passage, the material
Channel, the auxiliary oxygen channel and auxiliary fuel path coaxial arrangement, and the roof in the rotational flow gas channel is
Curved wall.
Preferably, above-mentioned rotation float lead smelting device in, the auxiliary fuel path, the auxiliary oxygen channel gas outlet
It is concordant with the gas outlet in the rotational flow gas channel to be arranged.
It is provided by the invention to revolve floating lead smelting process, operating process are as follows: by dry lead concentrate powder, the leaded object of drying
Material and dry ground flux mix in proportion, to form mixed material, and mixed material are uniformly sent to the object of nozzle
Expect in channel, mixed material enters in the reaction tower of smelting furnace through material channel under gravity；Reaction gas enters
Into the cyclone of nozzle, so that reaction gas is formed eddy flow and is entered along a tangential direction and forms Whirl deposite tank in rotational flow gas channel,
Mobile to reaction tower in a manner of rotational flow in rotational flow gas channel, in this moving process, Whirl deposite tank passes through venturi
Behind channel, Whirl deposite tank forms jetstream whirl gas to expand, be injected into a manner of eddy flow reaction tower at a high speed；To reaction tower bottom
Portion uniformly sprays into solid reductant close to the region of sedimentation basin, and solid reductant is enabled to fall into sedimentation basin, and swims in precipitating
Solution surface in pond forms hot reducing agent floating layer；Jetstream whirl gas high speed expand under the action of quickly with into
Enter the mixed material contact of reaction tower, and under the action of eddy flow, rotational flow gas enters mixture material volume inspiration in jet-stream wind,
With the continuous raising of temperature, mixed material and reaction gas are constantly collided and fast reaction, and the molten drop for reacting generation is fallen first
Enter in hot reducing agent floating layer, the lead oxides in molten drop are reduced to by lead by reducing agent floating layer, contact is anti-later
The metallic lead for answering and restoring the slag and molten condition that generate enters the bottom of reducing agent floating layer, and is further separated into thick
Lead and slag；The high-temperature gas rich in sulfur dioxide that haptoreaction generates, the space through sedimentation basin top enter uptake flue, if
Oxygen-enriched air will be sprayed into high-temperature gas by setting the combustion gun on uptake flue, and combustible ingredient in the high-temperature gas that ignites
Then residual gas after burning is drained into waste heat boiler from smelting furnace, carries out conversion relieving haperacidity after recovery waste heat by gas (such as CO).
It is provided by the invention to revolve floating lead smelting process, by making reaction gas to expand at a high speed, in a manner of eddy flow etc. with mix
Material haptoreaction enables to smelting reaction more fully to carry out, and oxygen utilization rate is improved, lead-in-dreg amount drop
Low, flue dust incidence is also reduced, while can also use the reaction gas of higher oxygen-rich concentration, improves flue gas
Content of sulfur dioxide, the heat for enabling flue gas take away reduces, but also can adapt to the needs of inventory wide fluctuations, enables production capacity
It is obviously improved.
It is provided by the invention to revolve floating lead smelting device, it mainly include conveying pipeline, smelting furnace and connection conveying pipeline and smelting
The nozzle of furnace, nozzle therein include rotational flow gas channel, cyclone, venturi passage, material channel again.Cyclone setting exists
On the air inlet in rotational flow gas channel, for making the reaction gas entered in rotational flow gas channel form eddy flow, reaction gas
After forming eddy flow, along its axial turn under the guiding in rotational flow gas channel, and venturi passage is due to being fixed at eddy flow
On the inner wall of gas passage, so eddy flow can enter in venturi passage, under the action of venturi passage so that eddy flow with
The state of high speed expansion enters in smelting furnace (specially in the reaction tower of smelting furnace), meanwhile, powdered mixed material warp
Conveying pipeline is crossed to enter in the material channel being set on the outside of rotational flow gas channel, and with formed eddy flow reaction gas together with into
Enter into smelting furnace, so that mixed material is under high temperature environment by volume inspiration eddy flow, and constantly collides with reaction gas and fast
Speed reaction, subsequently into the sedimentation basin below reaction tower, is separated lead bullion and slag, reacts the high-temperature gas of generation rich in two
Sulfur oxide is drained into waste heat boiler from smelting furnace to other purposes.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention for revolving floating lead smelting device；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of nozzle；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of another nozzle；
Fig. 4 is the operation schematic diagram of cyclone.
In Figs. 1-4:
1- nozzle, 2- fluidize dispenser, 3- conveying pipeline, 4- smelting furnace；
101- rotational flow gas channel, 102- cyclone, 103- venturi passage, 104- material channel, 105- roof, 106-
Auxiliary oxygen channel, 107- auxiliary fuel path, 108- cone governor, 109- controller；
1021- air inlet pipe, 1022- contraction mouth, the tangential mouth of 1023-.
Specific embodiment
Floating lead smelting device is revolved the present invention provides a kind of, can further improve the metallurgical effect of vulcanized lead.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As Figure 1-Figure 4, provided in an embodiment of the present invention to revolve floating lead smelting device, it mainly include conveying pipeline 3, smelting furnace
4 and be connected to conveying pipeline 3 and smelting furnace 4 nozzle 1, the application mainly improves nozzle 1, specifically, improved
Nozzle 1 includes: the rotational flow gas channel 101 of water conservancy diversion reaction gas, and being provided on the air inlet in rotational flow gas channel 101 makes to react
The cyclone 102 of gas formation eddy flow；It is coaxially located in rotational flow gas channel 101 and connects with the inner wall in rotational flow gas channel 101
The venturi passage 103 connect forms the reaction gas of eddy flow after venturi passage 103, and reaction gas is to expand at a high speed, revolve
The mode of stream is injected into the reaction tower of smelting furnace 4, forms jetstream whirl gas；It is set in the outside in rotational flow gas channel 101 simultaneously
The material channel 104 being connected to conveying pipeline 3, material channel 104 is for conveying by dry lead concentrate powder, lead-containing material and flux
The mixed material being mixed to form in proportion.
Above-mentioned rotation floats lead smelting device when being worked, and the mixed material sent by conveying pipeline 3 is by material channel 104
It enters in the reaction tower of smelting furnace 4, at the same time, reaction gas enters in rotational flow gas channel 101, enters cyclone gas
During body channel 101, reaction gas is first into cyclone 102 and forms eddy flow, later in rotational flow gas channel
It along the axial movement in rotational flow gas channel 101 under 101 guiding, and enters in venturi passage 103, in venturi passage
Under the action of 103, so that eddy flow is entered in reaction tower with the state that high speed expands, jetstream whirl gas is formed.Jetstream whirl
Gas is quickly contacted with the mixed material for entering reaction tower, and under cyclonic action, under the action of high speed expands by mixture
Material volume inspiration enters in jetstream whirl gas, and with the continuous raising of temperature, mixed material constantly collides and quick with reaction gas
Reaction, subsequently into the sedimentation basin (not shown) below reaction tower, is separated lead bullion and slag, reacts the high temperature of generation
Gas is rich in sulfur dioxide, and the space through sedimentation basin top enters the uptake flue (not shown) of smelting furnace 4, according to high temperature
CO content situation in gas, ramped up by the combustion gun (not shown) being arranged on uptake flue sprayed into flue it is oxygen-enriched
Air (oxygen-enriched air refers to that the volume fraction of oxygen is greater than the air of the average oxygen purity in normal air), is allowed to
It is mixed with high-temperature gas, ignites high-temperature gas then to remove incendivity ingredient (such as CO) therein, it then will be after burning
Residual gas drains into waste heat boiler from smelting furnace, carries out conversion relieving haperacidity after recovery waste heat.
It is provided in this embodiment to revolve floating lead smelting device, by setting above structure for nozzle 1, so that gas-solid contact
More sufficiently, to enable smelting reaction that can sufficiently carry out, oxygen utilization rate is improved, and lead-in-dreg amount reduces, flue dust hair
Raw rate is also reduced.The reaction gas that higher oxygen-rich concentration can also be used simultaneously, improves the sulfur dioxide of flue gas
Content, the heat for enabling flue gas take away reduces, but also can adapt to the needs of inventory wide fluctuations, and production capacity is enabled to be shown
It writes and is promoted, and low energy consumption, small investment.
In addition, the reaction compartment of above structure is small, since reaction gas is flowed with cyclone mode, so that nothing in reaction compartment
Reaction dead zone, and it is smaller to washing away for fire resisting material of furnace body, and improved nozzle 1, structure is simple, control, operation, maintenance
Etc. more convenient, reliable, the potential energy of fluid can make full use of, operating cost is relatively low.
It is provided in this embodiment to revolve in floating lead smelting device in order to advanced optimize technical solution, venturi passage 103
Minimum diameter is d, and the internal diameter in rotational flow gas channel 101 is D, then preferred D/2 < d≤D, as shown in Figures 2 and 3, venturi passage
103 radius of the radian is R, then preferred d < R < D.The selection of above-mentioned numberical range is more conducive to the high speed expansion of reaction gas,
So as preferred.Also, it is preferred that the bottom of venturi passage 103 is the circular arc and cyclone gas of venturi passage 103
The intersection point of 101 vertical wall of body channel, the setting can to reaction gas more further play the role of accelerated expansion, make to react
Gas meets the requirement of eddy flow wind speed 220m/s-300m/s after entering reaction tower, and makes air-flow rapid expanding, and volume inhales eddy flow week
The mixed material enclosed keeps the gas-solid rotary fluid energy to be formed bigger, provides promoting gas-solid, solid-solid multiple impacts to react
More good reaction condition.
In addition, the venturi passage 103 in the present embodiment can also only include contraction section and circle larynx section, the port of circle larynx section
It is concordant with the gas outlet in rotational flow gas channel 101 to be arranged, as shown in Figure 3.Such set-up mode can equally play reaction gas
The effect of rapid expanding, so also as a kind of preferred structure.
In the present embodiment, cyclone 102 includes: cyclone pipe；The air inlet pipe 1021 being tangentially connected to cyclone pipe, air inlet pipe
1021 are connected to the gas access to be formed with cyclone pipe, including the contraction mouth 1022 close to air inlet pipe 1021 and cutting close to cyclone pipe
To mouth 1023, as shown in Figure 4.In order to keep structure simpler, the side of the preferred contraction mouth 1022 of the present embodiment is cyclone pipe
Outer wall, the other side form contraction mouth 1022 and are.
Preferably, the position that material channel 104 is connected to conveying pipeline 3 is provided with fluidisation dispenser 2, as shown in Figure 1.This reality
It applies in example, adds the effect of fluidisation dispenser 2, be to make what mixed material uniformly can be more uniform to enter material channel
In 104, so it is more uniform enter in reaction tower, to prevent the generation of segregation phenomena to the greatest extent, enable reaction effect
Fruit is more prominent.
Further, conveying pipeline 3 is obliquely installed relative to material channel 104, the inclination angle of conveying pipeline 3 with respect to the horizontal plane
Degree is 10 degree~40 degree.In the present embodiment, enables conveying pipeline 3 be obliquely installed relative to the whole nozzle 1 being arranged along the vertical direction, be
In order to reduce the impact force that material is directly entered nozzle 1 to the greatest extent, to avoid due to impact force is excessive in nozzle 1
Structure damages；In addition, the tilt angle of conveying pipeline 3 with respect to the horizontal plane is made to be preferably 10 degree~40 degree, enable to mix
Close material can by lesser gradient flow into fluidisation dispenser 2, make mixed material it is more uniform enter nozzle 1, for reaction
Abundant reaction in tower provides more good condition.
It is furthermore preferred that provided in this embodiment revolve in floating lead smelting device, it further include being arranged in rotational flow gas channel 101
It is interior, for the supplemental oxygen into the reaction tower of smelting furnace 4 or the auxiliary oxygen channel 106 of reaction gas, and it is set in auxiliary
The outside of oxygen channel 106, and be located in rotational flow gas channel 101, for spraying into fuel into reaction tower to supplement reaction institute
The auxiliary fuel path 107 of calorific requirement, as shown in Figures 2 and 3.In the present embodiment, it is contemplated that handled mixed material is answered
Polygamy, brought reaction heat and the abundant degree of reaction, are provided with auxiliary oxygen channel 106 and auxiliary fuel path 107, selection
Property spray into reaction gas or oxygen to reaction tower using auxiliary oxygen channel 106, auxiliary fuel path 107 is sprayed into reaction tower
Fuel, provide reaction heat and reaction belonging to oxygen while, also act as strengthen it is gas-solid mixing, 1 rotational flow gas of accelerating jet it is swollen
Swollen effect, so that reaction more sufficiently, can be carried out efficiently.
It further include being set on the outer wall of auxiliary fuel path 107 in the present embodiment, and it can be along auxiliary fuel path
The mobile cone governor 108 of 107 axial reciprocating, and 105 outside of roof in rotational flow gas channel 101 is set, it controls to adjust
The mobile controller 109 of cone 108.In the present embodiment, it preferably is provided with screw thread on the outer wall of the auxiliary fuel path 107 of tubulose,
Cone governor 108 is connect by screw thread with auxiliary fuel path 107, when the control auxiliary combustion of controller 109 being arranged on roof 105
When expecting that channel 107 rotates, it will be able to realize moving up and down and (being similar to leadscrew-nut mechanism) for cone governor 108.The present embodiment is also
It is preferred that the mobile lower limit amount of cone governor 108 is at the minimum diameter of venturi passage 103.By the way that above structure, Ke Yiman is arranged
Under foot difference working condition, the adjusting of air quantity, wind speed is required, there is rapid expanding eddy flow after so that reaction gas is entered reaction tower
Effect, guarantee reaction abundant progress.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, preferably rotational flow gas channel 101, venturi passage 103, material channel 104, auxiliary oxygen
Channel 106 and auxiliary fuel path 107 are coaxially disposed.The preferably above-mentioned component of the present embodiment is coaxially disposed, and enables to nozzle 1
Structure distribution it is more compact and reasonable, functional reliability is also relatively high, while can also realize reaction gas, mixed material more
Add uniform contact, mixing, therefore as preferred embodiment.
More further, the roof 105 in further preferably rotational flow gas channel 101 is curved wall, i.e. arch roof, such as Fig. 2 and
Shown in Fig. 3.The eddy flow that the structure is conducive to reaction gas formation quickly moves down, flat-tope structure compared with prior art,
Smaller to the influential effect of eddy flow helical flow, capable of promoting eddy flow, (i.e. to the direction close to reaction tower), movement is downwards
Fastly.
In the present embodiment, auxiliary fuel path 107, auxiliary oxygen channel 106 gas outlet preferably with rotational flow gas channel
101 gas outlet is concordantly arranged.It is abundant mixed in reaction tower that such set-up mode is also beneficial to mixed material and reaction gas
It closes.
It is provided in this embodiment to revolve in floating lead smelting device, further includes: to be provided with smelting in order to keep technical solution more perfect
On furnace 4, for spraying into the reducing agent entrance (not shown) of solid reductant into the sedimentation basin of smelting furnace 4；It is provided with
On smelting furnace, the multiple products outlet that can export the different solid products separated in sedimentation basin respectively (does not show in figure
Out)；It is arranged on the uptake flue of smelting furnace, the combustion gun that can ramp up injection oxygen-enriched air in flue (is not shown in figure
Out).It (for the ease of distinguishing, is incited somebody to action by the level-one slag that the floating lead smelting device of the rotation being transformed to nozzle 1 above-mentioned is smelted
The slag containing lead oxide that haptoreaction generates is known as level-one slag, and generated after being restored by solid reductant without lead oxide
Slag is known as second level slag) in, the lead (being present in slag in the form of lead oxide) still containing high level, so in order to further
The direct yield of lead is improved, the present embodiment further preferably improves the structure of original smelting furnace 4 (specially Flash Smelting Furnace), that is, exists
Combustion gun is set on smelting furnace 4 and opens up reducing agent entrance and product outlet.Wherein, reducing agent entrance is at least one, and
The reaction tower bottom of smelting furnace 4 is provided with close to the position of sedimentation basin, for spraying into solid reductant into smelting furnace 4, and is made
The solid reductant of penetrating can drop into sedimentation basin；Product exports the setting area for being also provided with sedimentation basin, and is
Multiple, this multiple product outlet includes the cinder notch that at least one is used to export second level slag (being also likely to be present level-one slag), at least
One matte mouth for exporting matte is used to export the lead bullion mouth of lead bullion at least one.While haptoreaction carries out,
According to the lead tolerance of reaction tower response situation and level-one slag, uniformly sprayed into reaction tower bottom close to the region of sedimentation basin in time
Solid reductant, and the amount that appropriate adjustment solid reductant sprays into, enable solid reductant on the solution top of sedimentation basin
One layer of hot reducing agent floating layer is formed, the lead oxides for reacting reaction tower in generated level-one slag are falling into sedimentation basin
During restored, formed metallic lead, reduce the generation of lead oxides, thus reduce slag lead tolerance and improve lead it is straight
Yield.
In the present embodiment, is improved by the structure to nozzle 1, be uniformly mixed mixed material with reaction gas, and
The multiple-contact reaction that gas-solid, solid-solid and gas-gas may be implemented has and reacts abundant, coefficient of oxygen utilization height, metallic lead production quantity
Height, the advantages such as lead oxides are low.The structure of smelting furnace 4 is improved, so that the solution that reaction tower is formed is deposited to sedimentation basin
When, the solid reductant that the reducing agent entrance of setting is added forms reducing agent floating layer and the lead oxide in level-one slag is reduced to gold
Belong to lead, then carry out sedimentation separation, forms slag blanket (predominantly second level slag, it is also possible to which there are level-one slags) and metal lead layer or matte
Layer, and the easy firing gas contained in high-temperature gas combustion gun when by uptake flue burns easy firing gas.
It is further preferred that the cinder notch of the second level slag for exporting haptoreaction generation, the difference in height with reducing agent entrance
For 200mm~1500mm.The selection of this numerical value can make the better cooperating of the two, reduction reaction is enabled adequately to carry out, with
Further increase metallurgical effect.
The present embodiment additionally provides a kind of revolve and floats lead smelting process, and this method can be applied to above-mentioned rotation and float lead smelting dress
It sets, comprising the following steps:
The first step enables dry lead concentrate powder, the lead-containing material, the flux that are mixed with flue dust is mixed to form mixture in proportion
Mixed material, is sent in nozzle 1, and be introduced into mixed material in the fluidisation dispenser 2 of nozzle 1 by material using conveying pipeline 3
It is fluidized, is then entered back into material channel 104, entered using material channel 104 in the reaction tower of smelting furnace 4；
Second step, reaction gas are introduced into the cyclone 102 of nozzle 1, and when entering nozzle 1 in cyclone 102
Under the action of form eddy flow, entered in the rotational flow gas channel 101 of nozzle 1 later, eddy flow draws rotational flow gas channel 101
Lower helical flow, and the venturi passage 103 by being arranged in rotational flow gas channel 101 are led, and eventually enters into reaction tower；
Third step can also pass through 106 He of auxiliary oxygen channel of nozzle 1 according to response situation during reaction
Auxiliary fuel path 107 supplements reaction gas and/or fuel into reaction tower, strengthens gas-solid mixing, accelerating jet 1 to play
The effect of rotational flow gas expansion；
4th step sprays into solid reduction into the sedimentation basin being located in reaction tower to further increase the direct yield of lead
Agent forms reducing agent floating layer with the solution surface in sedimentation basin；
5th step, the eddy flow expanded at a high speed by venturi passage 103, contacts instead in reaction tower with mixed material
It answers, for generating lead；
6th step, the molten drop that haptoreaction generates drop into sedimentation basin, float level-one slag and reducing agent in molten drop
Layer contact reacts and generates metallic lead and second level slag, and the metallic lead of second level slag and molten state enters the bottom of reducing agent floating layer
Portion is separated, with obtain lead bullion (this lead bullion include haptoreaction generate lead bullion, further include restored from level-one slag it is thick
Lead)；
7th step, the high-temperature gas rich in sulfur dioxide that haptoreaction generates, enters through the space at the top of sedimentation basin
In the uptake flue of smelting furnace 4, the combustion gun being arranged on uptake flue sprays into oxygen-enriched air and the height that ignites into high-temperature gas
Wet body, the residual gas after burning drain into waste heat boiler from smelting furnace 4, to carry out waste heat recycling.
It should be noted that above-mentioned each step is not limited to be operated in the order described above, meeting technique requirement
Under the premise of, sequence can be overturned between above-mentioned different step or is carried out simultaneously, such as enables reaction gas and mixed material same
When enter in nozzle 1.
Specifically, above-mentioned rotation is floated in lead smelting process, the oxygen concentration in preferred reactant gas is 40%VOL~95%
VOL, the rotation flow velocity that eddy flow enters smelting furnace 4 is 220m/s~300m/s, and auxiliary gas passage sprays into the flow of reaction gas
For 0Nm3/ h~200Nm3/ h, the flow that auxiliary fuel path 107 sprays into fuel is 0Nm3/ h~100Nm3/ h, combustion gun spray
Oxygen-enriched air flow be 0Nm3/ h~100Nm3/h.The selection of above-mentioned numerical value, the progress that can be reacted fully, with into one
Step improves metallurgical effect.Certainly, under the premise of guaranteeing that smelting reaction is normally carried out, above-mentioned parameter may be other numerical value,
The present embodiment does not limit this.
In addition, lead concentrate powder, flux and being mixed in the lead-containing material of flue dust, water content is respectively less than 0.5%；Flux is
The mixture of limestone particle and quartz sand particle, and the granularity of limestone particle and quartz sand particle is respectively less than 5mm；Solid
Reducing agent is the coal or coke that granularity is less than 10mm.The selection of above-mentioned numerical value and material, also for more fully improving
Reaction effect and the preferential selection made.Likewise, above-mentioned parameter can also be under the premise of guaranteeing that smelting reaction is normally carried out
For other numerical value, the present embodiment is not limited this.
Each part is described in a progressive manner in this specification, what the structure of each part stressed is
With the difference of existing structure, the entirety and part-structure for revolving floating lead smelting device can be by the knots of the above-mentioned multiple portions of combination
Structure and obtain.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of revolve floating lead smelting process, which comprises the following steps:
Enable dry lead concentrate powder, lead-containing material and flux be mixed to form mixed material in proportion, and make the mixed material into
Enter in the material channel of nozzle, is entered in the reaction tower of smelting furnace using the material channel；
Reaction gas forms eddy flow under the cyclone effect of the nozzle, and enters the rotational flow gas channel of the nozzle
In, the eddy flow passes through the venturi passage of the nozzle under the guidance in the rotational flow gas channel, and eventually enters into described
Reaction tower, wherein be set on the outer wall of auxiliary fuel path, and can be moved along the axial reciprocating of the auxiliary fuel path
Cone governor, and be arranged on the outside of the roof in the rotational flow gas channel, control the mobile controller of the cone governor, can be with
Meet under different working conditions, the adjusting requirement to air quantity, wind speed has fast after so that the reaction gas is entered the reaction tower
The effect of speed expansion eddy flow, guarantees the abundant progress of reaction；
Solid reductant is sprayed into the sedimentation basin being located in the reaction tower, is formed with the solution surface in the sedimentation basin
Reducing agent floating layer；
The eddy flow expanded at a high speed by the venturi passage, contacts in the reaction tower with the mixed material
Reaction；
The molten drop that haptoreaction generates drops into the sedimentation basin, contacts with the reducing agent floating layer and reacts and generate
The bottom that the metallic lead of metallic lead and slag, the slag and molten state enters the reducing agent floating layer is separated, with
To lead bullion；
The high-temperature gas rich in sulfur dioxide that haptoreaction generates, enters the smelting furnace through the space at the top of sedimentation basin
In uptake flue, the combustion gun being arranged on the uptake flue sprays into oxygen-enriched air into the high-temperature gas and ignites described
High-temperature gas, the residual gas after burning drain into waste heat boiler from the smelting furnace, to carry out waste heat recycling.
2. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:
Reaction gas and/or combustion are supplemented into the reaction tower by the auxiliary oxygen channel and auxiliary fuel path of the nozzle
Material.
3. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that Xiang Suoshu nozzle conveys the mixed material
Process further include following operation:
The mixed material is sent in the nozzle using conveying pipeline, and be introduced into the fluidisation dispenser of the nozzle into
Row fluidisation, then enters back into the material channel.
4. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that the lead concentrate powder, the flux and mixed
Conjunction has in the lead-containing material of flue dust, and water content is respectively less than 0.5%；The flux is limestone particle and quartz sand particle
Mixture, and the granularity of the limestone particle and the quartz sand particle is respectively less than 5mm.
5. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that the oxygen concentration in the reaction gas is
40%VOL~95%VOL, the rotation flow velocity that the eddy flow enters the smelting furnace is 220m/s~300m/s.
6. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that the auxiliary gas passage sprays into described anti-
The flow for answering gas is 0Nm3/ h~200Nm3/ h, the flow that the auxiliary fuel path sprays into fuel is 0Nm3/ h~100Nm3/
h。
7. according to claim 1 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that the solid reductant is less than for granularity
The coal dust or coke of 10mm.
8. according to any one of claims 1-7 revolve floating lead smelting process, which is characterized in that the combustion gun sprays
The oxygen-enriched air flow be 0Nm3/ h~100Nm3/h。
9. a kind of revolve floating lead smelting device, including conveying pipeline, smelting furnace, and the spray of the connection conveying pipeline and the smelting furnace
Mouth, which is characterized in that float lead smelting process suitable for the rotation as described in any one of claim 1-8, in which:
The nozzle includes: the rotational flow gas channel of water conservancy diversion reaction gas, is provided on the air inlet in the rotational flow gas channel
Cyclone；Venturi passage in the rotational flow gas channel is set；It is set in the outside in the rotational flow gas channel, and with
The material channel of the conveying pipeline connection；
The smelting furnace includes: to be provided on the furnace body of the smelting furnace, solid for spraying into the sedimentation basin of the smelting furnace
The reducing agent entrance of body reducing agent；It is provided on the furnace body of the smelting furnace, can export and be separated in the sedimentation basin respectively
Different solid products multiple products outlet；It is arranged on the uptake flue of the smelting furnace, it can be to the rising
The combustion gun of injection oxygen-enriched air in flue；Also, the product outlet of the slag for exporting haptoreaction generation, goes back with described
The difference in height of former agent entrance is 200mm~1500mm；
Auxiliary oxygen channel in the rotational flow gas channel is set；
It is set in the outside in the auxiliary oxygen channel, and the auxiliary fuel path being located in the rotational flow gas channel；
The tune that is set on the outer wall of the auxiliary fuel path, and can be moved along the axial reciprocating of the auxiliary fuel path
Pitch cone, and be arranged on the outside of the roof in the rotational flow gas channel, control the mobile controller of the cone governor.
10. according to claim 9 revolve floating lead smelting device, which is characterized in that the minimum diameter of the venturi passage
D no more than the internal diameter D in the rotational flow gas channel, and is greater than D/2.
11. according to claim 9 revolve floating lead smelting device, which is characterized in that the cyclone passes through perpendicular to described
The air inlet pipe in rotational flow gas channel connect to be formed with the rotational flow gas channel, and the air inlet pipe and the rotational flow gas
Channel is connected to form gas access, and the gas access includes close to the contraction mouth of the air inlet pipe and close to the rotational flow gas
The tangential mouth in channel.
12. according to claim 9 revolve floating lead smelting device, which is characterized in that the material channel and the conveying pipeline
The position of connection is provided with fluidisation dispenser, and the conveying pipeline is obliquely installed relative to the material channel, the conveying
The tilt angle of pipe with respect to the horizontal plane is 10 degree~40 degree.
13. according to claim 9 revolve floating lead smelting device, which is characterized in that the rotational flow gas channel, the literary mound
In channel, the material channel, the auxiliary oxygen channel and auxiliary fuel path coaxial arrangement, and the cyclone gas
The roof in body channel is curved wall.
14. lead smelting device is floated in the rotation according to claim 9 or 13, which is characterized in that the auxiliary fuel path, described
The gas outlet in auxiliary oxygen channel is concordant with the gas outlet in the rotational flow gas channel to be arranged.
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| CN115058602B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2024-04-26 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Direct continuous lead smelting method and device |
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