CN105132709A

CN105132709A - Suspension smelting nozzle

Info

Publication number: CN105132709A
Application number: CN201510645487.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨伟燕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-10-05
Filing date: 2015-10-05
Publication date: 2015-12-09

Abstract

The invention discloses a suspension smelting nozzle. A second swirler sliding up and down and an air blocking pipe are arranged so that second oxygen-enriched air conveyed by a second air supply pipe can be second rotation type oxygen-enriched air and can also be second straight-flow type oxygen-enriched air. The second rotation type oxygen-enriched air and the second straight-flow type oxygen-enriched air can be switched freely according to actual production requirements, so that the practicability and the functional diversity of the suspension smelting nozzle are improved; the suspension smelting nozzle can be adaptive to complex raw materials, so that conducting and the completeness of a metallurgy reaction are facilitated, and the production capacity of a flash furnace is improved; smelting of high-content-impurity concentrates can be achieved well by cooperating with an existing flash furnace.

Description

One revolves floating smelting nozzle

Technical field

The present invention relates to non-ferrous metal metallurgy technical field, especially relate to one and revolve floating smelting nozzle.

Background technology

In non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry, especially Copper making industry, suspension flash smelting technology is one of topmost smelting technology, and its technological principle is: first by the gas needed for metallurgical reaction, normally oxygen-rich air, sprays in the reaction tower of Flash Smelting Furnace by smelting nozzle; Then by the solid-state pulverulent material needed for dried metallurgical reaction, generally include concentrate, flux and returning charge, spray in the reaction tower of Flash Smelting Furnace by smelting nozzle; After solid-state pulverulent material and oxygen-rich air spray from nozzle, mutually be mixed to form gas material mixed stream, solid-state pulverulent material is suspended in and is full of oxygen-rich air and in the space had in the reaction tower of higher oxygen gesture, material particle is fully mixed with the oxygen in oxygen-rich air contact, because the particle diameter of solid-state pulverulent material is very little, there is huge surface-area, solid-state pulverulent material and oxygen is made to complete metallurgical reaction within moment (2 ~ 3 seconds), the corresponding metallurgical products of output, reaches the smelting object of desulfurization deferrization.Because metallurgical reaction completes in a short period of time, speed of response is very fast, and therefore named suspension flash is smelted, and the metallurgical furnace realizing above-mentioned suspension flash smelting technology is called Flash Smelting Furnace.

In recent years because Copper making ability is acutely expanded, the supply of high-quality copper ore concentrates becomes more and more nervous, and copper ore concentrates becomes gradually " low-grade " and/or " high impurity ".Low-grade, refer to that the content of the metal target copper in copper ore concentrates is lower; High impurity, mainly refers to that the content of the impurity elements such as the lead in copper ore concentrates, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin is higher.

And it is well-known, Flash Smelting Furnace structure in suspension flash smelting, nozzle arrangements and smelting process etc. all design for processing phosphorus concentrate, it is also not suitable for processing concentrate that is low-grade and/or high impurity: when suspension flash smelts low-grade copper ore concentrates, the content of the metal target copper in copper ore concentrates is lower, mean that the lower valency sulfur content in copper ore concentrates is higher, lower valency element sulphur is equivalent to the fuel in metallurgical reaction, more heat can be produced under identical copper ore concentrates charging capacity, cause furnace temperature too high, body of heater bears higher thermal load, reduce the work-ing life of body of heater, thus limit the ability of suspension flash metallurgy low-grade copper concentrate, when suspension flash smelts the copper ore concentrates of high impurity, the content of the impurity elements such as the lead in copper ore concentrates, zinc, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or tin is higher, these impurity can reduce the heat-up rate of copper ore concentrates, raise the temperature of reaction of copper ore concentrates, reduce the speed of response of copper ore concentrates, easily cause metallurgical reaction incomplete, reduce the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace, thus limit the ability of suspension flash metallurgy height impurity copper concentrate.In actual production, current suspension flash smelting process and suspension flash smelting nozzle can't realize the smelting to low-grade and/or high impurity concentrate preferably.

Therefore, how to utilize existing Flash Smelting Furnace, realizing the smelting of high impurity concentrate is preferably the technical problem that those skilled in the art need solution badly.

Summary of the invention

Based on above-mentioned explanation, the object of the present invention is to provide one to revolve floating smelting nozzle, this revolves floating nozzle of smelting and coordinates existing Flash Smelting Furnace, can realize the smelting to high impurity concentrate preferably.

For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

One revolves floating smelting nozzle, comprises for the feed device of solid-state pulverulent material needed for reaction tower supply metallurgical reaction, for supplying the first air feeder of rotary first oxygen-rich air and the second air feeder for supplying the second oxygen-rich air to described reaction tower to described reaction tower;

Described feed device comprises feeder sleeve, described first air feeder comprises the first air-supply duct and the first swirler for generation of described rotary first oxygen-rich air, and described second air feeder comprises the second air-supply duct and the second swirler for generation of rotary second oxygen-rich air;

Described first air-supply duct is set in the outside of described feeder sleeve, described second air-supply duct is set in the outside of described first air-supply duct, cavity in described feeder sleeve forms material channel, cavity between described first air-supply duct and described feeder sleeve forms the first oxygen-rich air passage, and the cavity between described second air-supply duct and described first air-supply duct forms the second oxygen-rich air passage;

Described first swirler is arranged in described first oxygen-rich air passage, and described second swirler to be arranged in described second oxygen-rich air passage and can to slide up and down along the outer wall of described first air-supply duct;

Described first swirler is that described second swirler is the bladed axial swirler for generation of Central backflow area and/or external reflux district for generation of the scroll casing type swirler in Central backflow area and/or external reflux district, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler;

Described second air feeder also comprises and is arranged in described second oxygen-rich air passage, prevent the second oxygen-rich air from the gear tracheae of wherein process for wrapping up described second swirler, the upper end of described gear tracheae and the outer wall of described first air-supply duct are tightly connected, the internal diameter of described gear tracheae is greater than the maximum outside diameter of described second swirler, and the height on the above-below direction of described gear tracheae is greater than the height on described second swirler above-below direction.

Preferably, described second air feeder also comprises the pull bar for pulling described second swirler to slide up and down, one end of described pull bar is connected with described second swirler, and the other end of described pull bar is connected by the outside wall surface of nut with the top of described first air-supply duct.

Preferably, described second air-supply duct comprises the second air-supply duct main body and is positioned at the oral area of giving vent to anger of described second air-supply duct bottom, described oral area of giving vent to anger comprise some pieces of expansion plates and equivalent amount for after some pieces of described expansion plates open, seal the sealing plate in space between adjacent two pieces of described expansion plates, some pieces of described expansion plates and described sealing plate along the circumferential tube wall of described second air-supply duct main body be evenly arranged and arbitrary described sealing plate between adjacent two pieces of described expansion plates, top and the described second air-supply duct main body of some pieces of described expansion plates are articulated and connected,

Described second air feeder also comprises several for the hydro-cylinder that pulls described expansion plate and rotate in vertical plane along its pin joint or pneumatic cylinder, hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder with for control whole described hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder simultaneously and the Controlling System of synchronization action be connected, one end away from piston rod of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder and the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body are articulated and connected, hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder are evenly arranged along the circumferential wall of described second air-supply duct main body, the outside wall surface of described expansion plate is articulated and connected the quantity of described hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder and the free end of the piston rod of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder identical with the quantity of described expansion plate with some pieces correspondingly.

Preferably, the side, two, left and right of described expansion plate is provided with the groove of arc section, described sealing plate left end be inserted in the groove of the described expansion plate be positioned on the left of it and can slide along the internal surface of described groove, described sealing plate right-hand member be inserted in the groove of the described expansion plate be positioned on the right side of it and can slide along the internal surface of described groove.

Preferably, described sealing plate is can stretch and the corrugated plate shunk, and the described expansion plate that the two ends, left and right of described corrugated plate are corresponding to the left and right sides is respectively fixedly connected with.

Preferably, described second air feeder also comprises the annular clamping ring and several connecting rods that are set in described second air-supply duct body exterior, the free end of the piston rod of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder and one end of described annular clamping ring hinged, the other end and one end of connecting rod described in several of described annular clamping ring are hinged, the quantity of described connecting rod is identical with the quantity of described expansion plate, the outside wall surface of described expansion plate is articulated and connected the other end of connecting rod described in several with some pieces correspondingly, the outer wall of cylinder block of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected with the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body.

Preferably, the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body is provided with the first refractory materials LIFT, between the internal surface of described first refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body, is provided with the space allowing described hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder and piston rod or described annular clamping ring activity; The outside wall surface of described oral area of giving vent to anger is provided with the second refractory materials LIFT, between the internal surface of described second refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of described oral area of giving vent to anger, is provided with the space allowing described piston rod or described connecting rod activity.

Preferably, also comprise for the 3rd air feeder to described reaction tower supply the 3rd oxygen-rich air, described 3rd air feeder comprises the 3rd air-supply duct, and described 3rd air-supply duct is set in the inside of described feeder sleeve; Circular channel between described feeder sleeve and described 3rd air-supply duct is material channel, and the cavity in described 3rd air-supply duct forms the 3rd oxygen-rich air passage.

Preferably, the outlet at bottom of described feeder sleeve is straight pipe type outlet, the outlet at bottom of described first air-supply duct is the flaring mouth expanded outwardly gradually from top to bottom, the outlet at bottom of described first air-supply duct is positioned at the below of described feeder sleeve outlet at bottom, and the outlet at bottom of described second air-supply duct is positioned at the below of described first air-supply duct outlet at bottom.

Preferably, the outlet at bottom of described 3rd air-supply duct is straight pipe type outlet; The outlet at bottom of described feeder sleeve is positioned at the below of described 3rd air-supply duct outlet at bottom.

Compared with prior art, the invention provides one and revolve floating smelting nozzle, comprise feed device, the first air feeder and the second air feeder; Described feed device comprises feeder sleeve, and described first air feeder comprises the first air-supply duct and the first swirler, and described second air feeder comprises the second air-supply duct and the second swirler; Described second swirler to be arranged in described second oxygen-rich air passage and can to slide up and down along the outer wall of described first air-supply duct, and described second air feeder also comprises and is arranged in described second oxygen-rich air passage, prevent the second oxygen-rich air from the gear tracheae of wherein process for wrapping up described second swirler.The present invention slides up and down and arranges gear tracheae by the second swirler, when by the second swirler upward sliding, enter gear tracheae and the first air-supply duct outer wall between space, completely kept off tracheae wrap up time, the second oxygen-rich air from Cemented filling, completely without the second swirler, makes the gas sprayed from the second air-supply duct bottom be single flow second oxygen-rich air; When the second swirler is arranged on gear tracheae outside and on the circulation path being positioned at the second oxygen-rich air time, the second oxygen-rich air from Cemented filling, completely through the second swirler, makes the gas sprayed from the second air-supply duct bottom be rotary second oxygen-rich air.The present invention slides up and down by arranging the second swirler and keeps off tracheae, make the second oxygen-rich air carried by the second air-supply duct both can be rotary second oxygen-rich air, also can be single flow second oxygen-rich air, can according to actual production requirement, freely switch between rotary second oxygen-rich air and single flow second oxygen-rich air, thus improve practicality and the functional diversity that eddy flow smelts nozzle, the raw material of more complicated can be adapted to, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace.

When being single flow the second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection, single flow second oxygen-rich air sprays in reaction tower in the outside of gas material mixed stream with higher wind speed or supersonic speed, expand and strengthen the Central backflow area produced by the first swirler, being beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carrying out and react completely; Control the shape of whole high-temperature gas mixture stream, distribution and size, keep suitable distance with furnace wall, reduce high-temperature flue gas stream to the erosion corrosion of reaction tower inwall; Oxygen needed for oxidizing reaction can be provided for the peripheral material in gas material mixed stream.

When being rotary second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection, first this revolves floating nozzle of smelting selects the first swirler to be to produce the scroll casing type swirler in Central backflow area and/or external reflux district, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler, selects the second swirler to be the bladed axial swirler that can produce Central backflow area and/or external reflux district; Then by the first swirler, the first oxygen-rich air that Cemented filling comes is changed into rotary first oxygen-rich air with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity, by the second swirler, the second oxygen-rich air that Cemented filling comes is changed into rotary second oxygen-rich air with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity; Then rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air are separately sprayed into reaction tower.Rotary first oxygen-rich air is the air-flow of the strong swirl strength produced by the first swirler, and rotary second oxygen-rich air is the air-flow of the strong swirl strength produced by the second swirler, and the two all can produce Central backflow area and/or external reflux district.Rotary first oxygen-rich air mixes with rotary second oxygen-rich air and forms mixed airflow, and form coaxial swirling eddy, the Central backflow area of former each self-forming and/or external reflux district superpose mutually becomes a corresponding Central backflow area and/or external reflux district.

Stable existence, size shape rationally, in reaction tower the rational Central backflow area of distributing position and/or external reflux district, correspondingly a large amount of high-temperature gases of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery can be entrainmented the cylindrical region being back to reaction tower center, especially nozzle exit, the high-temperature gas of a large amount of backflow directly contacts with the material of firm delivery nozzle, utilize the amount of heat contained by it to carry out rapid heating intensification to material, improve the heat-up rate of material; The high-temperature gas of above-mentioned a large amount of backflow also improves the envrionment temperature of nozzle exit and below thereof, improves the speed of response of material and oxygen.

The present invention, by arranging rotary second oxygen-rich air, makes itself and rotary first oxygen-rich air acting in conjunction achieve the classification metallurgical reaction being similar to fractional combustion in Combustion, is beneficial to catching fire and stable reaction of material; The two acting in conjunction defines the coaxial swirling eddy of mixing, the Central backflow area of each self-forming and/or external reflux district mutually superpose and become one, can produce more greatly, more stable Central backflow area and/or external reflux district, entrainment the backflow of more high-temperature gas, further increase heat-up rate and the speed of response of material, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace.The present invention is the powder-wind-wind pattern distributed from inside to outside, is " bellows chamber powder " pattern, rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air adjacent, centre does not have other material estrangement, the generation being conducive to above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction with continue to carry out.

The scroll casing type swirler that the present invention selects, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler are strong swirler, make rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air all have stronger swirl strength; After rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air mixing, the mixed airflow formed has than rotary first oxygen-rich air separately or rotary second oxygen-rich air is higher separately swirl strength; Higher swirl strength pulverulent material is mixed with above-mentioned mixed airflow more fast evenly, improve the time that material is detained at reaction tower space inner suspension, improve contact probability and the duration of contact of oxygen in material and oxygen-rich air, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace.

To sum up, the classification metallurgical reaction that the existence in Central backflow area and/or external reflux district and rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air are formed improves heat-up rate and the speed of response of material, reduce in high impurity concentrate plumbous pointedly, zinc, arsenic, antimony, the element such as bismuth and/or tin is to the negative influence of material heat-up rate and speed of response in smelting process, moreover stronger swirl strength improves mixing velocity and the mixing uniformity of material and mixed airflow, improve the time of material at reaction tower inner suspension, thus improve contact probability and the duration of contact of oxygen in material and mixed airflow, above-mentioned multiple favorable factor be combined with each other, mutually promote, significantly promote metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of high impurity concentrate.

The high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is back to reaction tower central zone by Central backflow area and/or external reflux district accordingly, heat in reaction tower is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central zone, reduce the temperature near furnace wall, reduce the thermal load that furnace wall is born, decrease the molten mass of high temperature and flue gas to the high temperature corrosion of furnace wall with wash away, the negative influence that the element sulphur reducing high level in low-grade concentrate pointedly causes Flash Smelting Furnace body of heater, improve the work-ing life of body of heater, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of low-grade concentrate.Technical scheme provided by the present invention is reducing lead in high impurity concentrate pointedly, zinc, arsenic, antimony, the element such as bismuth and/or tin is to the negative influence of material heat-up rate and speed of response in smelting process, achieve preferably to high impurity concentrate revolve floating smelting while, also achieve unexpected technique effect: the negative influence that the element sulphur reducing high level in low-grade concentrate pointedly causes Flash Smelting Furnace body of heater, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of low-grade concentrate, thus make provided by the inventionly to revolve floating nozzle of smelting and can process high impurity concentrate, low-grade concentrate can be processed again.

The high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is back to reaction tower central zone by Central backflow area and/or external reflux district accordingly, the heat of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central zone, make full use of heat more than needed existing in reaction tower and heat the material sprayed in reaction tower, after making it reach temperature of reaction, there is metallurgical reaction, release a large amount of chemical heat simultaneously, namely the heat in first absorbing environmental, again to release of heat in environment, control character and the smelting process parameter of material, heat budget balance can be realized completely, after metallurgical reaction is caused need not again combustion fuel to additional heat near nozzle exit, thus reduce energy consumption and production cost, protect environment, achieve autothermal to smelt.

In the present invention, rotary first oxygen-rich air produced by the first swirler and rotary second oxygen-rich air produced by the second swirler have two basic and conflicting effects: an effect is: for material provides the oxygen needed for metallurgical reaction, provide that higher oxygen is snobbish to carry out in metallurgical reaction; An other effect is: for the motion of pulverulent material in reaction tower space provides power, drives pulverulent material to rotate.In order to play above-mentioned basic and two of contradiction effects, the volume percent that can control oxygen in rotary first oxygen-rich air and/or rotary second oxygen-rich air is 50% ~ 65%.In the present invention, by controlling structure and the kind of the first swirler and the second swirler, make to form above-mentioned Central backflow area and/or external reflux district, form the classification metallurgical reaction between rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air, improve heat-up rate and the speed of response of material, stronger swirl strength improves the mixing uniformity of material and oxygen-rich air and the material time at reaction tower inner suspension, some all enhances metallurgical reaction above, oxygen level in rotary first oxygen-rich air and rotary second oxygen-rich air can be made up and suitably reduce the negative influence brought to metallurgical reaction.Simultaneously, also make oxygen-making plant without the need to the high oxygen-rich air of regenerative ratio 70% ~ 85% (volume percent) or industrial pure oxygen, the volume percent of direct production oxygen is the oxygen-rich air of 50% ~ 65%, thus significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of oxygen-making plant, significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of smelting enterprise.The present invention is while the above-mentioned technical problem to be solved of solution, achieve unexpected technique effect---achieve low oxygen-rich smelting, significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of smelting enterprise, also overcome in non-ferrous metal metallurgy technical field technology prejudice---oxygen-rich concentration is higher, metallurgical reaction is better.

Further, in the present invention, when being single flow the second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection, Controlling System controls whole hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder simultaneously and synchronously action, piston rod is stretched out, whole expansion plates is rotated to the direction of the longitudinal center line near nozzle in vertical plane along its respective pin joint, telescoping visor movement is coordinated in the process that sealing plate shrinks expansion plate, the internal diameter of oral area of finally making to give vent to anger is identical with the internal diameter of the second air-supply duct main body, makes single flow second oxygen-rich air from straight pipe type outlet ejection.The present invention is according to aerodynamic principle, and the air outlet shape matched with the effect of single flow second oxygen-rich air by selection, to play the effect of single flow second oxygen-rich air better.When being rotary second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection, Controlling System controls whole hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder simultaneously and synchronously action, piston rod is regained, whole expansion plates is rotated to the direction of the longitudinal center line away from nozzle in vertical plane along its respective pin joint, telescoping visor movement is coordinated in the process that sealing plate is upheld expansion plate, the oral area that finally makes to give vent to anger become gradually one from top to bottom internal diameter become large flaring mouth-shaped gradually, rotary second oxygen-rich air is sprayed from above-mentioned flaring mouth.The present invention is according to aerodynamic principle, and the air outlet shape matched with the effect of rotary second oxygen-rich air by selection, to play the effect of rotary second oxygen-rich air better.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention provide be single flow the second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection time revolve the floating principle of work schematic diagram smelting nozzle;

Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention provide be rotary second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection time revolve the floating principle of work schematic diagram smelting nozzle;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second air-supply duct main body and oral area of giving vent to anger in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the expansion plate after expansion plate stretches that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and sealing plate connect;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the expansion plate after expansion plate stretches that provides of another embodiment of the present invention and sealing plate connect;

Fig. 6 is the flow field schematic diagram revolving floating smelting nozzle arbitrary in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5.

In figure: 1 feeder sleeve, 101 materials, 2 first air-supply duct, 201 rotary first oxygen-rich air, 202 first swirlers, 3 second air-supply duct, 301 rotary second oxygen-rich air, 302 second swirlers, 303 second air-supply duct main bodys, 304 give vent to anger oral area, 3041 expansion plates, 3042 sealing plates, 305 hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder, 3051 piston rods, 306 annular clamping rings, 307 connecting rods, 308 single flow second oxygen-rich air, 4 the 3rd air-supply duct, 401 the 3rd oxygen-rich air, 5 gear tracheaes, 6 grooves, 7 flaring mouths, 8 Central backflow area, 9 external reflux districts.

Embodiment

For making the object of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is a part of embodiment of the present invention, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under the prerequisite not making creative work, all belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.

In describing the invention, it will be appreciated that, term " " center ", " axis ", " radial direction ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", " on ", D score, " front ", " afterwards ", " left side ", " right side ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " level ", orientation or the position relationship of the instruction such as " vertically " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, only the present invention for convenience of description and simplified characterization, instead of indicate or imply that the device of indication or element must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore limitation of the present invention can not be interpreted as.

In addition, term " first ", " second " only for describing object, and can not be interpreted as instruction or hint relative importance or imply the quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, one or more these features can be expressed or impliedly be comprised to the feature of restriction " first ", " second ".

In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature it " on " or D score, the first and second features can be comprised and directly contact, also can comprise the first and second features and not be directly contact but by the other characterisation contact between them.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " comprise fisrt feature directly over second feature and oblique upper, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " below " and " below " comprise fisrt feature immediately below second feature and tiltedly below, or only represent that fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.

As shown in Figures 1 to 6, Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention provide be single flow the second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection time revolve the floating principle of work schematic diagram smelting nozzle; Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention provide be rotary second oxygen-rich air from the gas of the second air-supply duct bottom ejection time revolve the floating principle of work schematic diagram smelting nozzle; Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the second air-supply duct main body and oral area of giving vent to anger in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is the structural representation that the expansion plate that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and sealing plate connect; Fig. 5 is the structural representation that the expansion plate that provides of another embodiment of the present invention and sealing plate connect; Fig. 6 is the flow field schematic diagram revolving floating smelting nozzle arbitrary in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5.The first swirler shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 and the second swirler are bladed axial swirler.

The invention provides one and revolve floating smelting nozzle, comprising for the feed device of solid-state pulverulent material 101 needed for reaction tower supply metallurgical reaction, for supplying the first air feeder of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and the second air feeder for supplying the second oxygen-rich air to reaction tower to reaction tower;

Feed device comprises feeder sleeve 1, first air feeder comprises the first air-supply duct 2 and comprises the second air-supply duct 3 and the second swirler 302 for generation of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 for generation of the first swirler 202, second air feeder of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201;

First air-supply duct 2 is set in the outside of feeder sleeve 1, second air-supply duct 3 is set in the outside of the first air-supply duct 2, cavity in feeder sleeve 1 forms material channel, cavity between first air-supply duct 2 and feeder sleeve 1 forms the first oxygen-rich air passage, and the cavity between the second air-supply duct 3 and the first air-supply duct 2 forms the second oxygen-rich air passage;

First swirler 202 is arranged in the first oxygen-rich air passage, and the second swirler 302 to be arranged in the second oxygen-rich air passage and can to slide up and down along the outer wall of the first air-supply duct 2;

First swirler 202 is that the second swirler 302 is the bladed axial swirler for generation of Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 for generation of the scroll casing type swirler in Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler;

Second air feeder also comprises and is arranged in the second oxygen-rich air passage, prevent the second oxygen-rich air from the gear tracheae 5 of wherein process for wrapping up the second swirler 302, the gear upper end of tracheae 5 and the outer wall of the first air-supply duct 2 are tightly connected, the internal diameter of gear tracheae 5 is greater than the maximum outside diameter of the second swirler 302, and the height on the above-below direction of gear tracheae 5 is greater than the height on the second swirler 302 above-below direction.

Provided by the inventionly revolve floating nozzle of smelting and comprise and revolve floating melting nozzle and revolve floating blowing nozzle.For revolving floating melting nozzle, above-mentioned material 101 is the mixing material of concentrate, returning charge and flux etc., concentrate is the vulcanised ore concentrate of copper, nickel, lead or zinc, such as copper sulfide concentrate, returning charge comprises slag concentrate, blowing slag and/or cigarette ash, flux is quartz, and the product that metallurgical reaction obtains is the mixture of metal sulfonium and slag, such as matte and smelting slag.For revolving floating blowing nozzle, above-mentioned material 101 is the mixing material of concentrate, returning charge and flux etc., concentrate is the metal sulfonium of copper, nickel, lead or zinc, such as matte, returning charge comprises cigarette ash, flux is quartz and/or lime, and the product that metallurgical reaction obtains is the mixture of metal and slag, such as blister copper and blowing slag.

Feeder sleeve 1 is for supplying material 101 to reaction tower, and it comprises all necessary structure met for reaction tower supply material 101, comprise opening for feed, and other must structure.First air-supply duct 2 is for supplying rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 to reaction tower, and it comprises all necessary structure met for rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 of reaction tower supply, comprise the inlet mouth of the first oxygen-rich air, and other must structure.Second air-supply duct 3 is that it comprises all necessary structure met for supplying the second oxygen-rich air to reaction tower, comprises the inlet mouth of the second oxygen-rich air, and other must structure for supplying the second oxygen-rich air to reaction tower.Material channel is column, and the horizontal section of the first oxygen-rich air passage and the second oxygen-rich air passage is ring-type; The upper end of three passages is not connected, mutually closes isolation.Preferably, feeder sleeve 1, first air-supply duct 2 and the second air-supply duct 3 are pipe.The inlet mouth of the first air-supply duct 2 and the second air-supply duct 3 is connected with oxygen-rich air source of the gas, and feeder sleeve 1 is connected with the feed bin storing material 101, and middle also have feeding machine usually, is preferably screw feeder.Flange joint is passed through between feeder sleeve 1, first air-supply duct 2 and the second air-supply duct 3 three.

First swirler 202 can be scroll casing type swirler, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler, but can not be the most original tangential admission pipe, because its air resistance is large, the swirl strength of the swirling eddy produced is more weak, size and the direction of axial velocity, tangential velocity and radial velocity are unreasonable, cannot form the Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 with practical significance.Scroll casing type swirler and tangential vane formula swirler are arranged on the inlet mouth place of the first air-supply duct 2 usually; Bladed axial swirler is arranged on the inside of the first air-supply duct 2 or the second air-supply duct 3 usually, inclined middle and lower part.Above-mentioned first swirler 202 is arranged in the first oxygen-rich air passage, the first oxygen-rich air passage herein should do the understanding of broad sense, it is the path of the first oxygen-rich air circulation, the path that spraying to the final bottom from nozzle from the pipeline of conveying first oxygen-rich air and the junction of smelting nozzle, the first oxygen-rich air flows through is the first oxygen-rich air passage, comprise the inlet mouth place of the first above-mentioned air-supply duct, also comprise the inside of the first air-supply duct.

The molded line approximate log helical of scroll casing type swirler, air-flow enters spiral case with the tangential bias of certain speed, is flowed out, form rotary oxygen-rich air in space with zigzag shape by cylindrical or circular channel.Tangential vane formula swirler utilizes the tangential vane being located at inlet mouth place to make air-flow tangentially enter cylindrical air channel in direction, thus generation rotary motion, the aperture of some tangential vanes can regulate, the aperture of adjusting vane, the i.e. pitch angle of adjusting vane, can change the swirl strength of swirling eddy.Bladed axial swirler comprises axial blade, and the pattern of axial blade is various, and conventional has helical twisted blades, camber blades and straight blade three kinds.Bladed axial swirler can be fixed swirler, completes once Design and Machining, is just fixed on the outer wall of corresponding feeder sleeve 1 and the first air-supply duct 2, in use, and not changing position; Also can be move up and down adjustable swirler, the outer wall along corresponding feeder sleeve 1 and the first air-supply duct 2 slides up and down with the swirl strength of regulating rotating type oxygen-rich air.Bladed axial swirler is usually fixed on a leaf dish by several axial blade and forms, then to realize bladed axial swirler to fix on the outer wall being set in corresponding feeder sleeve 1 and the first air-supply duct 2 by leaf dish, connection between leaf dish and corresponding tube wall can be fixedly connected with, and also can be slidably connected.

The present invention keeps off tracheae 5 by sliding up and down and arranging of the second swirler 302, when by the second swirler 302 upward sliding, enter gear tracheae 5 and the first air-supply duct 2 outer wall between space, completely kept off tracheae 5 wrap up time, the second oxygen-rich air from Cemented filling, completely without the second swirler 302, makes the gas sprayed from the second air-supply duct 3 bottom be single flow second oxygen-rich air 308; When the second swirler 302 is arranged on gear tracheae 5 outside and on the circulation path being positioned at the second oxygen-rich air time, the second oxygen-rich air from Cemented filling, completely through the second swirler 302, makes the gas sprayed from the second air-supply duct 3 bottom be rotary second oxygen-rich air 301.The present invention slides up and down and keeps off tracheae 5 by arranging the second swirler 302, make the second oxygen-rich air carried by the second air-supply duct 3 both can be rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, also can be single flow second oxygen-rich air 308, can according to actual production requirement, freely switch between rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 and single flow second oxygen-rich air 308, thus improve practicality and the functional diversity that eddy flow smelts nozzle, the raw material of more complicated can be adapted to, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace.

When being single flow the second oxygen-rich air 308 from the gas of the second air-supply duct 3 bottom ejection, single flow second oxygen-rich air 308 sprays in reaction tower in the outside of gas material mixed stream with higher wind speed or supersonic speed, expand and strengthen the Central backflow area 8 produced by the first swirler 202, being beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carrying out and react completely; Control the shape of whole mixing high-temperature gas mixture stream, distribution and size, keep suitable distance with furnace wall, reduce high-temperature flue gas stream to the erosion corrosion of reaction tower inwall; Oxygen needed for oxidizing reaction can be provided for the peripheral material 101 in gas material mixed stream.

When being rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 from the gas of the second air-supply duct 3 bottom ejection, first this revolves floating nozzle of smelting selects the first swirler 202 to be to produce the scroll casing type swirler in Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler, selects the second swirler 302 to be the bladed axial swirler that can produce Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9; Then by the first swirler 202, the first oxygen-rich air that Cemented filling comes is changed into rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity, by the second swirler 302, the second oxygen-rich air that Cemented filling comes is changed into rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 with axial velocity, radial velocity and tangential velocity; Then rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 are separately sprayed into reaction tower.Rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is the air-flows of the strong swirl strength produced by the first swirler 202, rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 is the air-flows of the strong swirl strength produced by the second swirler 302, and the two all can produce Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9.Rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is mixed to form mixed airflow with rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, form coaxial swirling eddy, the Central backflow area 8 of former each self-forming and/or external reflux district 9 mutually superposition become a corresponding Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9.

The not every swirling eddy of formation in Central backflow area 8 or external reflux district 9 all has, and its swirl strength primarily of swirling eddy determines, it just can generate under strong swirl strength usually.And the swirl strength of sub-thread oxygen-rich air is only relevant with the structural parameter of swirler, therefore, the formation in Central backflow area 8 or external reflux district 9 is by the type of swirler and structures shape.The first swirler 202 that the present invention selects is scroll casing type swirler, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler, the second swirler 302 selected is bladed axial swirler, all can produce the swirling eddy of strong swirl strength, the Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 with practical significance can be formed.Preferably, the swirl strength of the first swirler 202 and the second swirler 302 is controlled for being greater than 0.6.

Central backflow area 8 and external reflux district 9 not necessarily form existence simultaneously, and this is relevant with the character of the mixed mixed airflow of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 with above-mentioned rotary first oxygen-rich air 201, the mainly swirl strength of mixed airflow.In actual production, rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and the character of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 can be controlled according to need of production, Central backflow area 8 and external reflux district 9 be existed simultaneously, or only has Central backflow area 8, or only have external reflux district 9.

Central backflow area 8 mainly by middle and lower part in reaction tower, the high-temperature gas that generates primarily of the metallurgical reaction that completed entrainments the axial cylindrical space be back in the reaction tower corresponding with nozzle od, mainly reverse flow nozzle exit.The size of Central backflow area 8 characterizes the high-temperature gas reverse flow nozzle exit that it can entrainment how many volumes, and volume is too little, and the High Temperature Gas scale of construction of backflow is less, to the intensification of material 101 and metallurgical reaction effect not obvious; Volume is too large, and the High Temperature Gas of backflow knows from experience the thermal losses accelerating nozzle and reaction tower tower top.The position of Central backflow area 8 refers to its position relative to nozzle exit, desirable position is that the longitudinal center line of Central backflow area 8 overlaps with the longitudinal center line of nozzle exit, and the material 101 be beneficial to spraying from nozzle exit carries out even rapid heating.The shape of Central backflow area 8 refers to the shape presented in space, and desirable shape is symmetrical about the longitudinal center line of nozzle exit, and the material 101 be beneficial to spraying from nozzle exit carries out even rapid heating.

External reflux district 9 mainly by reaction tower inner peripheral, the high-temperature gas that generates primarily of the metallurgical reaction that completed entrainments the axial cylindrical space be back in the reaction tower corresponding with nozzle od, mainly reverse flow nozzle exit.The formation in external reflux district 9 neither all have by all swirling eddies, and its swirl strength primarily of swirling eddy determines.External reflux district 9 is similar with the effect of Central backflow area 8, the heat of reaction tower inner peripheral is entrainmented nozzle exit or reaction tower central zone, heat in reaction tower is carried out sub-distribution again, forcibly concentrates to centre, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carry out and react completely.Also there is the problem of size, distributing position and shape in external reflux district 9.

A stable existence, size shape is reasonable, the rational Central backflow area 8 of distributing position and/or external reflux district 9 in reaction tower, accordingly a large amount of high-temperature gases of middle and lower part in reaction tower or periphery can be entrainmented the central column area being back to reaction tower, especially nozzle exit, the high-temperature gas of above-mentioned a large amount of backflow directly contacts with the material 101 of firm delivery nozzle, the amount of heat contained by it is utilized to carry out heat temperature raising to material 101, improve the heat-up rate of material 101, the high-temperature gas of above-mentioned a large amount of backflow also improves the envrionment temperature of nozzle exit and below thereof, improve the speed of response of material 101 and oxygen.

The present invention includes rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, mainly in order to make rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 form with rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 the classification metallurgical reaction being similar to fractional combustion in Combustion, be beneficial to the ignition and steady combustion of concentrate; The two acting in conjunction can also produce more greatly, more stable Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, and entrainment the backflow of more high-temperature gas, rapid heating lights material 101, for metallurgical reaction provides enough, stable heat.

The scroll casing type swirler that the present invention selects, tangential vane formula swirler or bladed axial swirler are strong swirler, make rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 all have stronger swirl strength; After rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 mix, the mixed airflow formed has than rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 separately or rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 is higher separately swirl strength; Higher swirl strength pulverulent material 101 is mixed with above-mentioned mixed airflow more fast evenly, improve the time that material 101 is detained at reaction tower space inner suspension, improve contact probability and the duration of contact of oxygen in material 101 and oxygen-rich air, be beneficial to metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace.

In the present invention, the cavity passage that material 101 surrounds at rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is fallen into reaction tower, for " bellows chamber powder " pattern, reason has 2 points: one is under " powder bag wind " pattern (material 101 is to spray into reaction tower around the form of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201), now the material 101 in outside forms material 101 curtain, rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is enclosed taboo inside, reduce radial velocity and the tangential velocity of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201, cause it to be formed Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 that one has practical significance, make the advantage that cannot give full play to Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, two is that under " bellows chamber powder " pattern, material 101 can directly enter Central backflow area 8, is rapidly heated and catches fire, if " powder bag wind " pattern, material 101 can be made away from Central backflow area 8, the high-temperature gas heating that can not fully be refluxed.

In the present invention, the effect of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 forms with rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 the classification metallurgical reaction being similar to fractional combustion in Combustion, instead of form the air curtain that is similar to cooling parclose, classification metallurgical reaction is conducive to the ignition and steady combustion of concentrate, is beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carries out and react completely.Under above-mentioned " bellows chamber powder " pattern, on the basis of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201, add rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, powder-wind-wind pattern that final formation distributes from inside to outside, rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is adjacent with rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, centre does not have other material estrangement, can form above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction.If under " powder bag wind " pattern, after adding rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, wind-powder-wind pattern that final formation distributes from inside to outside, across material 101 between rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, the two cannot form above-mentioned classification metallurgical reaction effect.

Rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 can be identical with the sense of rotation of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201, also can be different.In the present invention, preferably, the sense of rotation of the two is identical.First swirler 202 can be identical with the kind of the second swirler 302, also can be different.

Rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 are mixed to form gas material mixed stream with material 101, and the heat of the Central backflow area 8 after the superposition of gas material mixed stream absorption simultaneously and/or the hot gas in external reflux district 9 is temperature required to metallurgical reaction.High-temperature gas existing in hot gas and reaction tower.For cold conditions blow-on, need at a large amount of fuel of reaction tower combustion, preferably Sweet natural gas, by being preheated to 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C in reaction tower, produces a large amount of high-temperature gas, can meet the caloric requirement causing metallurgical reaction; For hot blowing out spot check, need combustion fuel to be incubated reaction tower, also can produce a large amount of high-temperature gas, the caloric requirement causing metallurgical reaction can be met.Above-mentioned fuel combustion can be burnt rifle by reaction tower and be realized.

To sum up, the classification metallurgical reaction that the existence in Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 and rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 are formed improves heat-up rate and the speed of response of material 101, reduce in high impurity concentrate plumbous pointedly, zinc, arsenic, antimony, the element such as bismuth and/or tin is to the negative influence of material in smelting process 101 heat-up rate and speed of response, moreover stronger swirl strength improves the mixing uniformity of material 101 and mixed airflow and material 101 time at reaction tower inner suspension, improve contact probability and the duration of contact of oxygen in material 101 and mixed airflow, above-mentioned multiple favorable factor be combined with each other, mutually promote, significantly promote metallurgical reaction carry out and react completely, improve the throughput of Flash Smelting Furnace, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of high impurity concentrate.

The high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is back to reaction tower central zone by Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 accordingly, heat in reaction tower is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central zone, reduce the temperature near furnace wall, reduce the thermal load that furnace wall is born, decrease the molten mass of high temperature and flue gas to the high temperature corrosion of furnace wall with wash away, the negative influence that the element sulphur reducing high level in low-grade concentrate pointedly causes Flash Smelting Furnace body of heater, improve the work-ing life of body of heater, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of low-grade concentrate.Technical scheme provided by the present invention is reducing lead in high impurity concentrate pointedly, zinc, arsenic, antimony, the element such as bismuth and/or tin is to the negative influence of material in smelting process 101 heat-up rate and speed of response, achieve preferably to high impurity concentrate revolve floating smelting while, also achieve unexpected technique effect: the negative influence that the element sulphur reducing high level in low-grade concentrate pointedly causes Flash Smelting Furnace body of heater, achieve preferably and smelting is floated to revolving of low-grade concentrate, thus make provided by the inventionly to revolve floating nozzle of smelting and can process high impurity concentrate, low-grade concentrate can be processed again.

The high temperature gas flow of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is back to reaction tower central zone by Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 accordingly, the heat of middle and lower part in reaction tower and/or periphery is forcibly concentrated to reaction tower central zone, make full use of heat more than needed existing in reaction tower and heat the material 101 sprayed in reaction tower, after making it reach temperature of reaction, there is metallurgical reaction, release a large amount of chemical heat simultaneously, namely the heat in first absorbing environmental, again to release of heat in environment, according to character and the smelting process parameter of material 101, heat budget balance can be realized completely, after metallurgical reaction is caused need not again combustion fuel to additional heat near nozzle exit, reduce energy consumption and production cost, protect environment, achieve autothermal to smelt.

According to above-mentioned, in the present invention, rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 produced by the first swirler 202 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 produced by the second swirler 302 have two basic roles: an effect is: for material 101 provides the oxygen needed for metallurgical reaction, provide that higher oxygen is snobbish to carry out in metallurgical reaction; An other effect is: for the motion of pulverulent material 101 in reaction tower space provides power, drives pulverulent material 101 to rotate.Apparently, rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 are self-contradictory for giving full play to two above-mentioned effects itself: for material 101 provides oxygen, then the oxygen-rich concentration of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 is more high better, or even industrial pure oxygen; For material 101 motion provides aerodynamic force, then oxygen-rich concentration is more low better, because oxygen participates in metallurgical reaction in oxygen-rich air, namely be consumed after metallurgical reaction completes, air quantity and the energy of rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 all can be consumed a part, reduce the aerodynamic force driving material 101 to move.For this reason, in one embodiment of the invention, the volume percent controlling oxygen in rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is 50% ~ 65%, preferably, is 52% ~ 63%, preferred, is 55% ~ 60%.Further, in rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, the volume percent of oxygen is 50% ~ 65%, preferably, is 52% ~ 63%, preferred, is 55% ~ 60%.

Revolve in floating smelting process, material 101 and the metallurgical reaction of oxygen mainly concentrate on center in reaction tower and in one section of cylindrical space on vertical direction, the reaction zone of so-called reaction tower.In the present invention, when rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 that the volume percent of oxygen is 50% ~ 65% moves across reaction zone from top to bottom with the mixed airflow of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, there is metallurgical reaction in the oxygen in mixed airflow and material 101, namely the mixed airflow of 50% ~ 65% (volume percent) is consumed, the mixed airflow of residue 35% ~ 50% (volume percent) drives material 101 to continue motion, and remaining air quantity can be satisfied the demand; In mixed airflow, the energy of 50% ~ 65% is consumed, and the energy band animal material 101 of residue 35% ~ 50% continues motion, and remaining energy can be satisfied the demand.Sufficient air quantity and energy, make material 101 the second half move and can not depart from former movement locus, continues to rotate, and is beneficial to fully contacting of material 101 and oxygen-rich air, is beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carries out and react completely.

Metallurgical reaction is the reaction of an Alternative state modulator, and multiple processing parameter cooperatively interacts, and mutually promotes, with final optimization pass metallurgical reaction, when adjustment occurs certain parameter wherein, such as, reduce, can be made up by the parameter adjusting other, keep original state to make metallurgical reaction.In the present invention, the classification metallurgical reaction that the existence in Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9 and rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 are formed improves heat-up rate and the speed of response of material 101, stronger swirl strength improves the mixing uniformity of material 101 and oxygen-rich air and material 101 time at reaction tower inner suspension, some all enhances metallurgical reaction above, can make up rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 and suitably reduce with oxygen level in rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 negative influence brought to metallurgical reaction.

On the other hand, it is all oxygen-rich smeltings that current suspension flash is smelted, and in oxygen-rich air, the volume percent of oxygen is generally 70% ~ 85%, is high oxygen-rich smelting.In order to improve the ability of smelting low-grade and/or high impurity concentrate, the common practice of smelting enterprise is the oxygen-rich concentration improved further in oxygen-rich air.Flash Smelting enterprise usually arranges special oxygen-making plant and produces high oxygen-rich air, product has two kinds usually, a kind of is using the oxygen level of the oxygen level of oxygen-rich air as target product, such as: oxygen level (volume percent) is the oxygen-rich air of 70% ~ 85%, the oxygen-rich air of output directly sends into reaction tower, dilutes without air air distribution; One is manufacture pure oxygen, and its oxygen level (volume percent) is generally 90% ~ 95%, then allocates a certain amount of air into, reduces oxygen level, makes oxygen-rich air.High oxygen-rich smelting causes oxygen cost to remain high, and occupies the larger proportion of total cost of production, improves the production cost of smelting enterprise.And in the present invention, controlling rotary first oxygen-rich air 201 is 50% ~ 65% with the volume percent of oxygen in rotary second oxygen-rich air 301, make oxygen-making plant without the need to the high oxygen-rich air of regenerative ratio 70% ~ 85% (volume percent) or industrial pure oxygen, the volume percent of direct production oxygen is the oxygen-rich air of 50% ~ 65%, thus significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of oxygen-making plant, significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of smelting enterprise.The present invention is while the above-mentioned technical problem to be solved of solution, achieve unexpected technique effect---achieve low oxygen-rich smelting, significantly reduce energy consumption and the production cost of smelting enterprise, also overcome in non-ferrous metal metallurgy technical field technology prejudice---oxygen-rich concentration is higher, metallurgical reaction is better.

To sum up, provided by the inventionly revolve floating smelting process while achieving the smelting to high impurity concentrate, also achieve multiple unforeseeable technique effect: achieve the smelting to low-grade concentrate, achieve autothermal and smelt, achieve low oxygen-rich smelting.

In one embodiment of the invention, second air feeder also comprises the pull bar for pulling the second swirler 302 to slide up and down, one end of pull bar is connected with the second swirler 302, and the other end of pull bar is connected by the outside wall surface of nut with the top of the first air-supply duct 2.Sliding up and down of the second swirler 302 is controlled by screw on nut.Preferably, being slidably connected between the second swirler 302 and the outer wall of the first air-supply duct 2 is slidably connected for sealing, and sealing function can be realized by sealing-ring.

In one embodiment of the invention, second air-supply duct 3 comprises the second air-supply duct main body 303 and is positioned at the oral area 304 of giving vent to anger of the second air-supply duct 3 bottom, oral area 304 of giving vent to anger comprise some pieces of expansion plates 3041 and equivalent amount for after some pieces of expansion plates 3041 open, seal the sealing plate 3042 in space between adjacent two pieces of expansion plates 3041, some pieces of expansion plates 3041 and sealing plate 3042 along the circumferential tube wall of the second air-supply duct main body 303 be evenly arranged and arbitrary sealing plate 3042 between adjacent two pieces of expansion plates 3041, top and the second air-supply duct main body 303 of some pieces of expansion plates 3041 are articulated and connected,

Second air feeder also comprises several for the hydro-cylinder that pulls expansion plate 3041 and rotate in vertical plane along its pin joint or pneumatic cylinder 305, several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 with for control whole hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305 simultaneously and the Controlling System of synchronization action be connected, one end away from piston rod 3051 of several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 and the outside wall surface of the second air-supply duct main body 303 are articulated and connected, several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 are evenly arranged along the circumferential wall of the second air-supply duct main body 303, the quantity of hydro-cylinder or the pneumatic cylinder 305 and free end of the piston rod 3051 of several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 identical with the quantity of expansion plate 3041 is articulated and connected with the outside wall surface of some pieces of expansion plates 3041 correspondingly.

Preferably, above-mentioned for controlling whole hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305 simultaneously and the Controlling System of synchronization action is PLC control system or DCS Controlling System.

Preferably, that expansion plate 3041 is strip, there is one fixed width, and the curved panel that radius is identical with the second air-supply duct main body 303 radius, the width of all expansion plates 3041 is identical, and the length of all expansion plates 3041 is identical.

When being single flow the second oxygen-rich air 308 from the gas of the second air-supply duct 3 bottom ejection, Controlling System controls whole hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 simultaneously and synchronously action, piston rod 3051 is stretched out, whole expansion plates 3041 is rotated to the direction of the longitudinal center line near nozzle in vertical plane along its respective pin joint, expansion plate 3041 is coordinated to move in the process that sealing plate 3042 shrinks at expansion plate 3041, the internal diameter of oral area 304 of finally making to give vent to anger is identical with the internal diameter of the second air-supply duct main body 303, make single flow second oxygen-rich air 308 from straight pipe type outlet ejection.The present invention is according to aerodynamic principle, and the air outlet shape matched with the effect of single flow second oxygen-rich air 308 by selection, to play the effect of single flow second oxygen-rich air 308 better.

When being rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 from the gas of the second air-supply duct 3 bottom ejection, Controlling System controls whole hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 simultaneously and synchronously action, piston rod 3051 is regained, whole expansion plates 3041 is rotated to the direction of the longitudinal center line away from nozzle in vertical plane along its respective pin joint, expansion plate 3041 is coordinated to move in the process that sealing plate 3042 stretches at expansion plate 3041, the oral area 304 that finally makes to give vent to anger become gradually one from top to bottom internal diameter become large flaring mouth 7 shape gradually, rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 is sprayed from above-mentioned flaring mouth 7, flaring mouth 7 appropriateness can increase the extended corner of swirling eddy, be conducive to improving airflow shaped, range and wash away furnace wall situation, the swirl strength of further raising swirling eddy, improve Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, make metallurgical reaction more stable, increase air-flow mixing, be conducive to heat transfer, mass transfer.The present invention is according to aerodynamic principle, and the air outlet shape matched with the effect of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 by selection, to play the effect of rotary second oxygen-rich air 301 better.

In one embodiment of the invention, the side, two, left and right of expansion plate 3041 is provided with the groove 6 of arc section, the left end of sealing plate 3042 is inserted in the groove 6 of the expansion plate 3041 be positioned on the left of it and can slides along the internal surface of groove 6, and the right-hand member of sealing plate 3042 is inserted in the groove 6 of the expansion plate 3041 be positioned on the right side of it and can slides along the internal surface of groove 6.In the present embodiment, preferably, that sealing plate 3042 is strip, there is one fixed width, and the curved panel that radius is identical with the second air-supply duct main body 303 radius, the width of all sealing plates 3042 is identical, and the length of all sealing plates 3042 is identical.

In one embodiment of the invention, sealing plate 3042 is can stretch and the corrugated plate shunk, the expansion plate 3041 that the two ends, left and right of corrugated plate are corresponding to the left and right sides is respectively fixedly connected with, when piston rod 3051 is regained, corrugated plate opens and coordinates expansion plate 3041 move and seal the space between adjacent two pieces of expansion plates 3041; When piston rod 3051 stretches out, corrugated plate shrinkage fit expansion plate 3041 moves and seals the space between adjacent two pieces of expansion plates 3041.

As for the gap between expansion plate 3041 and the second air-supply duct main body 303, in view of gap is less, and the pressure of the second oxygen-rich air, flow and flow velocity are all comparatively large, and the gas volume exposed by above-mentioned gap is very little, can not produce obvious negative influence to metallurgical reaction, therefore this place does not seal.

In one embodiment of the invention, second air feeder also comprises the annular clamping ring 306 and several connecting rods 307 that are set in the second air-supply duct main body 303 outside, the free end of the piston rod 3051 of several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 and one end of annular clamping ring 306 hinged, one end of the annular the other end of clamping ring 306 and several connecting rods 307 is hinged, the quantity of connecting rod 307 is identical with the quantity of expansion plate 3041, the other end of several connecting rods 307 is articulated and connected with the outside wall surface of some pieces of expansion plates 3041 correspondingly, the outer wall of cylinder block of several hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 is fixedly connected with the outside wall surface of the second air-supply duct main body 303 and makes it move in the vertical direction to provide support power to annular clamping ring 306.The present invention passes through at hydro-cylinder or arranges annular clamping ring 306 between pneumatic cylinder 305 and expansion plate 3041, the annular clamping ring 306 that moves through of the piston rod 3051 of hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305 is passed to whole expansion plates 3041, thus improve whole expansion plate 3041 simultaneously and the Harmony be synchronized with the movement, and also can reduce the quantity of hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305, each expansion plate 3041 is now no longer needed to want a hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305 to control, as long as 4, even 2 hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 just can meet use, for Controlling System, controlling 2 or 4 hydro-cylinders or pneumatic cylinder 305 can than controlling with the hydro-cylinder of expansion plate 3041 equivalent amount or pneumatic cylinder 305 is easier controls, above-mentioned setting improves Harmony and the practicality of oral area 304 shape controlling of giving vent to anger.

Bottom in view of above-mentioned give vent to anger oral area 304 and the second air-supply duct main body 303 is all arranged in the hot environment of reaction tower, in order to improve the work-ing life of above-mentioned hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305, in one embodiment of the invention, the outside wall surface of the first air-supply duct 2 main body is provided with the first refractory materials LIFT, between the internal surface of the first refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of the first air-supply duct 2 main body, is provided with the space allowing hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder 305 and piston rod 3051 or annular clamping ring 306 activity; Give vent to anger oral area 304 outside wall surface on be provided with the second refractory materials LIFT, be provided with the space allowing piston rod 3051 or connecting rod 307 activity between the internal surface of the second refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of oral area 304 of giving vent to anger.The concrete shape of the present embodiment to the kind of refractory materials used, the casting method of refractory materials LIFT and above-mentioned space does not limit, and adopts prior art well known to those skilled in the art.

In one embodiment of the invention, provided by the inventionly revolve floating nozzle of smelting and also comprise for the 3rd air feeder to reaction tower supply the 3rd oxygen-rich air 401, the 3rd air feeder comprises the inside that the 3rd air-supply duct the 4, three air-supply duct 4 is set in feeder sleeve 1; Circular channel between feeder sleeve 1 and the 3rd air-supply duct 4 is material channel, and the cavity in the 3rd air-supply duct 4 forms the 3rd oxygen-rich air 401 passage.

3rd oxygen-rich air 401 can provide more reasonably pressure gradient distribution occasion for the generation of high temperature center recirculating zone 8, be conducive to the formation of Central backflow area 8, keep good shape, size and position, and stable existence, increase the circumference of wind powder air-flow and high temperature reflux smoke contacts and heat exchange, strengthen steady fuel efficiency fruit; Oxygen needed for oxidizing reaction can be provided for the inner side material 101 in gas material mixed stream.3rd oxygen-rich air 401 regulates the size of Central backflow area 8, shape and position by air quantity, blast and wind speed.Preferably, the 3rd oxygen-rich air 401 is single flow.It is smaller that 3rd oxygen-rich air 401 accounts for joining of oxygen-rich air total amount needed for metallurgical reaction, its air pressure is also less, sometimes or even obstructed 3rd oxygen-rich air 401, the setting of the 3rd air-supply duct 4 is consider from aerodynamics angle more, instead of simple provides oxygen needed for oxidizing reaction for the inner side material 101 in gas material mixed stream.Preferably, the 3rd air-supply duct 4 is pipe.

Provided by the inventionly revolve floating nozzle of smelting and comprise: the first oxygen-rich air, the second oxygen-rich air and the 3rd oxygen-rich air 401, according to practical condition, the oxygen-rich concentration of three strands of gases can be similar and different, to meet production requirement better.The flow of three strands of wind is by controls such as blower fan, caliber, valve, under meters.Need before normal use to carry out cold conditions measurement, adjustment to each air supply channel air outlet velocity.Needed for total gas volume demand fulfillment metallurgical reaction.Proportioning between three strands of gases, meets copper metallurgy, Combustion and aerodynamic principle, is beneficial to metallurgical reaction and carries out and react completely.

In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet at bottom of feeder sleeve 1 is straight pipe type outlet, the outlet at bottom of the first air-supply duct 2 is the flaring mouth 7 expanded outwardly gradually from top to bottom, the outlet at bottom of the first air-supply duct 2 is positioned at the below of feeder sleeve 1 outlet at bottom, and the outlet at bottom of the second air-supply duct 3 is positioned at the below of the first air-supply duct 2 outlet at bottom.

In one embodiment of the invention, the outlet at bottom of the 3rd air-supply duct 4 is straight pipe type outlet; The outlet at bottom of feeder sleeve 1 is positioned at the below of the 3rd air-supply duct 4 outlet at bottom.

Straight pipe type outlet herein and flaring mouth 7, and the position relationship between the outlet at bottom of adjacent channel is the exporting features of each corresponding pipeline, and then the exporting features of multiple pipeline cooperatively interacts, and constitutes the above-mentioned exporting features revolving floating smelting nozzle.

Flaring mouth 7 appropriateness can increase the extended corner of swirling eddy, is conducive to improving airflow shaped, range and washing away furnace wall situation; The swirl strength of further raising swirling eddy; Improve Central backflow area 8 and/or external reflux district 9, make metallurgical reaction more stable; Increase air-flow mixing, be conducive to heat transfer, mass transfer.

The outlet at bottom of outside pipeline is positioned at the below of adjacent inboard duct bottom outlet, be positioned at inner side pipeline by be positioned at outside adjacent channel wrap up, the fluid carried of the fluid that inside pipeline can be made to carry and outside pipeline floatingly smelts pre-mixing in nozzle revolving, and improves the mixing uniformity between a plurality of fluids; The fluid that outside pipeline is carried can control character such as the shape of the fluid that inside pipeline is carried, position and sizes, and the fluid avoiding inside pipeline to carry spreads too early.

Straight pipe type outlet or flaring mouth 7, according to the fluid properties that every fluid streams has, adopt the outlet shapes adapted with fluid properties, different fluid properties, adopts different outlet shapes, to play effect and the advantage of every fluid streams better, and then in the optimization effect of every fluid streams and the basis of advantage, by control adjacent channel outlet at bottom between position relationship, the outlet at bottom of outside pipeline is made to be positioned at the below of adjacent inboard duct bottom outlet, the outlet at bottom of pipeline is on the lower side one by one from inside to outside, be positioned at inner side pipeline by be positioned at outside adjacent channel wrap up, form a pyramid-like structure from top to bottom, the exporting features of each pipeline is combined, form and revolve the floating exporting features smelting nozzle, the mixed stream obtained after a plurality of fluids is mixed has better shape, the fluid properties such as position and size, its effect and advantage can be played better.The exporting features of above-mentioned multiple pipelines cooperatively interacts, form an entirety, indispensable, and the change of any one pipe outlet feature all can affect the fluid properties of mixed stream, and then affect the performance of its effect and advantage, affect the carrying out of metallurgical reaction and react completely.

In actual production, before Flash Smelting Furnace blow-on, Flash Smelting Furnace is preheated to 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C by a large amount of fuel that burn, hot blow-on by name; During daily blowing out spot check, sustained combustion a large amount of fuel that the temperature in Flash Smelting Furnace is maintained 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C all the time, hot blowing out spot check by name, waste mass energy.For this reason, in one embodiment of the invention, provided by the inventionly revolve floating nozzle of smelting and also comprise being arranged at and revolve the floating lighter for ignition smelted in nozzle, cause metallurgical reaction for generation of heat, the down-firing end of lighter for ignition is positioned to revolve on the floating longitudinal center line smelting nozzle and makes the down-firing end of lighter for ignition be positioned at the inside of the material 101 of firm delivery nozzle, 's wrap up by streams, the heat of generation can fully and intensively carry out rapid heating, igniting to the material 101 of firm delivery nozzle.

Lighter for ignition is anyly produce heat, and heat delivery is entered the device of reaction tower.

Lighter for ignition can vertically be arranged, also can be in tilted layout through multiple tube-like piece.

Preferably, above-mentioned lighter for ignition is arranged vertically and is arranged at and revolves the floating inside smelting the tube-like piece of the inner side of nozzle.

This lighter for ignition is lighted a fire at the beginning of metallurgical reaction, produce amount of heat in short period of time metallurgical reaction is caused, produce a large amount of high-temperature gas, after metallurgical reaction is stable, just no longer light a fire, by above-mentioned Central backflow area 8 and/external reflux district 9 entrainment high-temperature gas that metallurgical reaction produces maintain metallurgical reaction continue carry out, thus can reduce and adopt other to burn gun burner fuel to carry out heat temperature raising or insulation to Flash Smelting Furnace, or even avoid other to burn gun burner fuel completely, realize cold conditions blow-on; Adopt other to burn gun burner fuel whole Flash Smelting Furnace is heated or is incubated at 900 DEG C ~ 1100 DEG C, amount of heat is dispersed in the space in huge Flash Smelting Furnace, do not concentrate, majority belongs to idle work, and after adopting lighter for ignition, the heat of generation fully and intensively heat the material 101 of firm delivery nozzle, does not have unnecessary waste, there is higher heat utilization ratio, save mass energy.

The present invention is directed to the technical problem wanting to solve, provide multiple laddering technical scheme, multiple laddering technical scheme combines superposition mutually, cooperatively interact, mutually promote, form an overall plan, especially from aerodynamics angle, the gas material mixed stream of special properties is complemented each other to form to solve above-mentioned technical problem by multiple oxygen-rich air and multiple air feeder, the technique effect obtained is much better than the technique effect of any one technical scheme above-mentioned, and synergistic effect is remarkable.

The method and apparatus of the not detailed description of the present invention is prior art, repeats no more.

In this specification sheets, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment, between each embodiment same or similar part mutually see.

The explanation of above embodiment just understands method of the present invention and core concept thereof for helping.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improve and modify and also fall in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.

To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.Multiple amendment for these embodiments is that apparent, defined herein General Principle can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments for those skilled in the art.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the most wide region consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.

Claims

1. one kind revolves floating smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, comprising for the feed device of solid-state pulverulent material needed for reaction tower supply metallurgical reaction, for supplying the first air feeder of rotary first oxygen-rich air and the second air feeder for supplying the second oxygen-rich air to described reaction tower to described reaction tower;

2. according to claim 1 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, described second air feeder also comprises the pull bar for pulling described second swirler to slide up and down, one end of described pull bar is connected with described second swirler, and the other end of described pull bar is connected by the outside wall surface of nut with the top of described first air-supply duct.

3. according to claim 1 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, described second air-supply duct comprises the second air-supply duct main body and is positioned at the oral area of giving vent to anger of described second air-supply duct bottom, described oral area of giving vent to anger comprise some pieces of expansion plates and equivalent amount for after some pieces of described expansion plates open, seal the sealing plate in space between adjacent two pieces of described expansion plates, some pieces of described expansion plates and described sealing plate along the circumferential tube wall of described second air-supply duct main body be evenly arranged and arbitrary described sealing plate between adjacent two pieces of described expansion plates, top and the described second air-supply duct main body of some pieces of described expansion plates are articulated and connected,

4. according to claim 3 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, the side, two, left and right of described expansion plate is provided with the groove of arc section, described sealing plate left end be inserted in the groove of the described expansion plate be positioned on the left of it and can slide along the internal surface of described groove, described sealing plate right-hand member be inserted in the groove of the described expansion plate be positioned on the right side of it and can slide along the internal surface of described groove.

5. according to claim 3 revolving floats smelting nozzle, and it is characterized in that, described sealing plate is the corrugated plate that can stretch and shrink, and the described expansion plate that the two ends, left and right of described corrugated plate are corresponding to the left and right sides is respectively fixedly connected with.

6. according to claim 3 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, described second air feeder also comprises the annular clamping ring and several connecting rods that are set in described second air-supply duct body exterior, the free end of the piston rod of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder and one end of described annular clamping ring hinged, the other end and one end of connecting rod described in several of described annular clamping ring are hinged, the quantity of described connecting rod is identical with the quantity of described expansion plate, the outside wall surface of described expansion plate is articulated and connected the other end of connecting rod described in several with some pieces correspondingly, the outer wall of cylinder block of hydro-cylinder described in several or pneumatic cylinder is fixedly connected with the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body.

7. revolving according to claim 3 or 6 is floated and is smelted nozzle, it is characterized in that, the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body is provided with the first refractory materials LIFT, between the internal surface of described first refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of described second air-supply duct main body, is provided with the space allowing described hydro-cylinder or pneumatic cylinder and piston rod or described annular clamping ring activity; The outside wall surface of described oral area of giving vent to anger is provided with the second refractory materials LIFT, between the internal surface of described second refractory materials LIFT and the outside wall surface of described oral area of giving vent to anger, is provided with the space allowing described piston rod or described connecting rod activity.

8. according to claim 1 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, also comprise for the 3rd air feeder to described reaction tower supply the 3rd oxygen-rich air, described 3rd air feeder comprises the 3rd air-supply duct, and described 3rd air-supply duct is set in the inside of described feeder sleeve; Circular channel between described feeder sleeve and described 3rd air-supply duct is material channel, and the cavity in described 3rd air-supply duct forms the 3rd oxygen-rich air passage.

9. according to claim 1 revolving floats smelting nozzle, it is characterized in that, the outlet at bottom of described feeder sleeve is straight pipe type outlet, the outlet at bottom of described first air-supply duct is the flaring mouth expanded outwardly gradually from top to bottom, the outlet at bottom of described first air-supply duct is positioned at the below of described feeder sleeve outlet at bottom, and the outlet at bottom of described second air-supply duct is positioned at the below of described first air-supply duct outlet at bottom.

10. revolving and floating smelt nozzle according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, the outlet at bottom of described 3rd air-supply duct is straight pipe type outlet; The outlet at bottom of described feeder sleeve is positioned at the below of described 3rd air-supply duct outlet at bottom.