CN104263967B - A kind of self-heating Flash Smelting technique and device of processing complex materials - Google Patents
A kind of self-heating Flash Smelting technique and device of processing complex materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN104263967B CN104263967B CN201410550963.9A CN201410550963A CN104263967B CN 104263967 B CN104263967 B CN 104263967B CN 201410550963 A CN201410550963 A CN 201410550963A CN 104263967 B CN104263967 B CN 104263967B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000011365 complex material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 230000003134 recirculating Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0nMS4wJyBlbmNvZGluZz0naXNvLTg4NTktMSc/Pgo8c3ZnIHZlcnNpb249JzEuMScgYmFzZVByb2ZpbGU9J2Z1bGwnCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgeG1sbnM6cmRraXQ9J2h0dHA6Ly93d3cucmRraXQub3JnL3htbCcKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSdodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rJwogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9J3ByZXNlcnZlJwp3aWR0aD0nMzAwcHgnIGhlaWdodD0nMzAwcHgnIHZpZXdCb3g9JzAgMCAzMDAgMzAwJz4KPCEtLSBFTkQgT0YgSEVBREVSIC0tPgo8cmVjdCBzdHlsZT0nb3BhY2l0eToxLjA7ZmlsbDojRkZGRkZGO3N0cm9rZTpub25lJyB3aWR0aD0nMzAwJyBoZWlnaHQ9JzMwMCcgeD0nMCcgeT0nMCc+IDwvcmVjdD4KPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9J2JvbmQtMCBhdG9tLTAgYXRvbS0xJyBkPSdNIDEwNS43NSwxNzAuNDU1IEwgMTk1LjcwMSwxNzAuNDU1JyBzdHlsZT0nZmlsbDpub25lO2ZpbGwtcnVsZTpldmVub2RkO3N0cm9rZTojRTg0MjM1O3N0cm9rZS13aWR0aDoyLjBweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJva2Utb3BhY2l0eToxJyAvPgo8cGF0aCBjbGFzcz0nYm9uZC0wIGF0b20tMCBhdG9tLTEnIGQ9J00gMTA1Ljc1LDEyOS41NDUgTCAxOTUuNzAxLDEyOS41NDUnIHN0eWxlPSdmaWxsOm5vbmU7ZmlsbC1ydWxlOmV2ZW5vZGQ7c3Ryb2tlOiNFODQyMzU7c3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoOjIuMHB4O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lY2FwOmJ1dHQ7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVqb2luOm1pdGVyO3N0cm9rZS1vcGFjaXR5OjEnIC8+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzM1LjcyNzMnIHk9JzE3MCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMCcgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0U4NDIzNScgPk88L3RleHQ+Cjx0ZXh0IHg9JzI0MC4yNzMnIHk9JzE3MCcgY2xhc3M9J2F0b20tMScgc3R5bGU9J2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2ZvbnQtc3R5bGU6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm1hbDtmaWxsLW9wYWNpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO3RleHQtYW5jaG9yOnN0YXJ0O2ZpbGw6I0U4NDIzNScgPk88L3RleHQ+Cjwvc3ZnPgo= data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
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- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon monoxide Chemical compound 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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of self-heating Flash Smelting technique and device of processing complex materials, the interior recirculating zone of the high temperature Fast Heating material that utilizes wind of rotation to form, material and a wind form wind powder mixed airflow, with the oxygen generation metallurgical reaction in technique wind. Direct current centre wind and direct-current secondary wind are controlled respectively volume, shape and the distribution of interior recirculating zone, whole wind powder mixed airflow. Outwards cartridge, central air hose, materail tube, airduct, secondary air channel successively by longitudinal center line; Adopt axial blade, outlet enlarging, plate hole formula stabilizer, profile of tooth or ring gear shape distributing device, round nozzle to be interrupted air-out, the design of bundle flame cover, a wind spin intensity is strengthened greatly, wind powder mixes more full and uniform, have stable existence, the reasonably interior recirculating zone of shape, the wind powder generation metallurgical reaction that heats up rapidly, high temperature gas flow shape is controlled, reduces the high temperature erosion-corrosion to furnace wall, improves body of heater service life.<!--2-->
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Flash Smelting technique and device, belong to the non-ferrous metal metallurgy technical fields such as copper, nickel, lead.
Background technology
In non-ferrous metal metallurgy industry, especially copper smelting industry, it is one of topmost smelting technique that space suspension is smelted.The Flash Smelting technology of Finland is most widely used space suspension smelting technique. The principle of Flash Smelting technology is: driedPowdery sulfide mine is distributed the complete dispersion suspension of wind in the reaction compartment of smelting furnace, the huge table that utilizes granular material to haveArea, makes material particle fully mix with the oxygen in technique wind, within moment (2～3 seconds), completes oxidation reaction, reaches desulfurization deferrizationSmelting object.
Flash Smelting nozzle is the Core equipment of Flash Smelting technology. Venturi type smelts nozzle and central diffused smelting nozzle isTwo kinds of application Flash Smelting nozzle more widely. Due to these two kinds restrictions of smelting this body structure of nozzle, make to smelt reaction and depositIn following problem:
1. can emit a large amount of chemical heat although smelt reaction, not be utilized effectively, still need the fuel such as gas-firingProduce heat heat temperature raising granular material temperature required to oxidation reaction, the heat that causes having more than needed in a large number accumulates in reaction tower, and smeltingThe thermic load that furnace normally can bear is limited, therefore, in production, can strictly control the inventory upper limit, has limited smelting furnaceThe raising of production capacity;
2. in smelting process, high-temperature fusion body and flue gas can be full of whole reaction compartment, seriously wash away, corrode furnace wall, the body of heater longevityOrder short;
3. the mixability of material and technique wind is limited, causes reacting undesirable, and material peroxidating and to owe oxidative phenomena serious is heldEasily lower raw material, flue dust incidence is high.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned explanation, the object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of complex materials of processing is providedSelf-heating Flash Smelting technique and device.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of self-heating Flash Smelting technique of processing complex materials:
Pass into fuel to reaction tower center, in the time starting to feed intake as igniter, for self-heating smelt reaction at the beginning of heat is provided,After smelting stable reaction, stop using fuel;
One-time process wind is converted into through axial blade there is axial velocity, the rotary wind of tangential velocity, radial velocity sprays into metallurgyIn stove, it expands outwardly diametrically under centrifugal action, produces negative pressure in central area, and high ambient temperatures gas backstreaming is revolvedZhuan Feng center, forms recirculating zone in high temperature;
To be carried by material air strength and fully after fluidization, spray in one-time process wind inner side through batching, dried granular materialIn metallurgical furnace, be involved in, mix by one-time process wind, form rotary wind powder mixed airflow;
Spraying in metallurgical furnace by plate hole formula stabilizer in material air inner side with direct current Feng Zuo center technique wind, is wind powder mixed airflowIn inner side material provide oxidation reaction required oxygen;
Making secondary working ethics and practice with direct current wind and spray in metallurgical furnace by round nozzle in one-time process wind outside, is wind powder mixed airflowIn peripheral material provide oxidation reaction required oxygen;
Rotary wind powder mixed airflow is heated to oxidizing reaction temperature by the high-temperature gas in interior recirculating zone, with center technique wind, materialOxygen generation oxidation reaction in wind, one-time process wind, secondary working ethics and practice, provides heat without additional combustion fuel, makes full use ofThe chemical heat that oxidation reaction is emitted, realizes the reaction of self-heating Flash Smelting; Profile of tooth or ring gear shape distributing device improve material and cut in ring-typeDistributing homogeneity on face, catches fire material and oxidation reaction is stablized lasting; Center technique wind is by air quantity, wind speed, plate hole formulaVolume, shape and the distribution of recirculating zone in stabilizer, outlet enlarging control; Secondary working ethics and practice by air quantity, wind speed, bundle flame cover,Volume, shape and the distribution of round nozzle and the whole high warm air powder mixed airflow of outlet enlarging control, reduce pyrolytic semlting product pairWashing away of metallurgical furnace inwall;
The wind powder that in high temperature, recirculating zone, center technique wind, material air, one-time process wind, the acting in conjunction of secondary working ethics and practice produce is mixedClose air-flow, make material fully mix, collide with oxygen, realize smelting composition, form polynary complex materials.
Described center technique wind, one-time process wind, secondary working ethics and practice, material air are oxygen-enriched air, its carrier of oxygen volume concentrationsBe 21%～99%, in each wind, oxygen content can be different.
The described fuel spraying into is one or more in heavy oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas.
A kind of self-heating Flash Smelting device of processing complex materials:
Comprise the cartridge that outwards distributed successively by device longitudinal center line, central air hose, materail tube, airduct, Secondary AirPipe, five pipes be set withs along same axis, cartridge is interior is fuel channel, between adjacent tubes, have living space form respectively center wind duct,Material channel, wind passage and secondary air channel, be provided with axial blade and a wind can be converted into and have axially in an airductThe rotary wind of speed, tangential velocity, radial velocity, central air hose, materail tube, a BOD outlet adopt enlarging shape,At center wind duct outlet at bottom place installing plate cellular type stabilizer, profile of tooth or ring gear shape cloth are installed at material channel outlet at bottom placeDevice, installs bundle flame cover in secondary air channel bottom outside, and round nozzle, direct-current secondary technique wind are installed in secondary air channel exitSpray in metallurgical furnace from round nozzle, the outlet at bottom of central air hose is positioned under materail tube outlet at bottom, materail tube outlet at bottomBe positioned under a BOD outlet.
The enlarging of described central air hose, materail tube, a BOD outlet with install longitudinal center line angle and become 5 °～60 °.
Distance between the outlet at bottom of described central air hose and described materail tube outlet at bottom, described materail tube outlet at bottom withDistance between described BOD outlet is 10mm～300mm.
Described round nozzle is evenly arranged at periphery, between adjacent two, forms space, and round nozzle bore can change.
In self-heating Flash Smelting technique provided by the invention, technique wind is divided into four strands: center technique wind, material air, one-time processWind, secondary working ethics and practice. One-time process wind be converted into through axial blade there is axial velocity, the rotation of tangential velocity, radial velocityWind expands outwardly after blowoff under centrifugal action, thereby produces negative pressure in central area, makes high temperature gases recirculating rotationWind center, forms recirculating zone in high temperature, provides heat for material heats up to catch fire. In high temperature, the generation of recirculating zone is that this self-heating dodgesThe outstanding feature of speed smelting process. Stable existence, size shape rationally, nozzle distributing position reasonably in recirculating zone,Can absorb a large amount of high temperature gases recirculating spouts center, the material of firm delivery nozzle is rapidly heated, catch fire and reacting gasReaction, and high temperature gases recirculating can make full use of existing a large amount of heats more than needed in reaction compartment, need not reburn in addition naturalThe fuel such as gas, to nozzle exit heat supply, can be accomplished self-heating, save mass energy.
The present invention adopts axial blade to produce swirling eddy, and fluid resistance is little, and outlet spin intensity is large, can be better and powderMaterial mixes. Flow rotation intensity is large, can produce larger more stable interior recirculating zone, attracts more high temperature gases recirculating nozzleOutlet, Fast Heating is lighted material, for oxidation reaction provides enough, stable heat. So just many in reaction tower spaceWaste heat amount fully utilizes, and the fuel such as natural gas that need not reburn, can accomplish self-heating, and can reduce furnace temperature.
The present invention adopts material air pneumatic powder delivery with pressure, and by abundant material fluidization, makes material enter metallurgical furnaceAfter more easily mix with one-time process wind, improve wind powder mixability.
Center technique wind arrange can for the generation of recirculating zone in high temperature provide more rational barometric gradient distribution occasion (thanThe rotation of wind produces), be conducive to interior recirculating zone formation, keep good shape stable existence, increase wind powder and mixAir-flow contacts the circumference with heat exchange with high temperature reflux flue gas, strengthen steady fuel efficiency fruit.
The present invention has added one direct-current secondary technique wind in one-time process wind outside. Direct-current secondary technique wind is at one-time process windOutside sprays in metallurgical furnace, and for the peripheral material in wind powder mixed airflow provides oxygen, recirculating zone in expanding and strengthening, controls mixedClose high temperature gas flow shape, stablize oxidation reaction and reduce high-temperature flue gas and flow the erosion corrosion to reaction tower inwall.
Four strands of technique wind all adopt oxygen-enriched air, and oxygen content (volume fraction) is 21%～99%. According to practical condition, fourThe oxygen content of thigh wind can be different, to meet better production requirement.
Described materail tube is positioned at an airduct (main technique airduct) inner side, and reason has 2 points: the one, and can make material directly enterRecirculating zone in high temperature, material Fast Heating is caught fire, if be designed to materail tube in a wind outside, can make material away from interior timeStream district, can not be fully by high temperature reflux flue gas; The 2nd, make in material dropping process outside be subject to that rotary wind effect formsAnnulation material strip is less, and then material distribution is more easily controlled, and improves the mixing uniformity of material and reacting gas, makes thingThe conversion zone of material and gas, closer to the position, axis of reaction compartment, reduces high-temperature fusion body and flue gas washing away furnace wallCorrosion.
Self-heating Flash Smelting device provided by the invention is according to aerodynamic principle, Combustion principle design. Central air hose,Materail tube, the outlet of BOD adopt enlarging shape, can appropriateness increase air-flow extended corner, be conducive to improve airflow shaped,Range and wash away furnace wall situation; Recirculating zone in improving, makes reaction more stable; Increase air-flow and mix, be conducive to heat transfer, mass transfer.
Annular channel outlet at bottom place installing plate cellular type stabilizer between cartridge and central air hose, can cooling jet headPipe fitting, avoids refluxing or tempering, makes oxidation reaction more stable; Can coordinate other wind to change by adjust flux and outlet wind speedKind high temperature gas flow shape.
In inner side, materail tube outlet at bottom place, profile of tooth or ring gear shape distributing device are installed, can be improved the distribution of material on annular cross sectionUniformity, is encircled with tooth thick material particles and stops, is folded to interior recirculating zone, thin material particles can walk around annulus and from two teeth itBetween space in pass through, spray in stove at the skin of thick material flow; Can form little eddy current at the lee side of tooth, to materialFire is favourable.
In secondary air channel bottom outside, bundle flame cover is installed, is formed " peviform effect " or " bowl-shape effect ", can avoid wind powder air-flowDiffusion too early, forms " necking down " at air-flow root, thereby eliminates the peak temperature of nozzle, makes the interior Temperature Distribution of reaction compartment moreAdd rationally, improve body of heater service life.
Direct-current secondary technique elegance is sprayed with several round nozzles, has several advantages: the one, and can make Secondary Air have very highOutlet wind speed; The 2nd, ejection area is stable, is difficult for because of scaling loss distortion; The 3rd, after wearing and tearing or scaling loss, be convenient for changing; The 4th, nozzleBore has multiple models, can change according to need of production the nozzle of different bores, thereby it is adjustable to realize outlet wind speed. TheseNozzle is uniform at periphery, between adjacent two, forms space.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the centre section speed vector figure of technique of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged drawing of bottom of device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the front view of bottom of device outlet of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 cartridge, 2 central air hoses, 3 materail tubes, 4 airducts, 5 secondary air channels, 6 fuel channels, 7 centre winds are logicalRoad, 8 material channels, 9 wind passages, 10 secondary air channels, 11 axial blade, 12 enlargings, 13 round nozzles, 14Bundle flame cover, 15 plate hole formula stabilizers, 16 ring gear shape distributing devices (or the profile of tooth distributing device that only has tooth not encircle, not shown in FIG.),17 interior recirculating zones.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme provided by the invention is described in detail, the description of this part is only exemplary and explainsProperty, should not be considered as the restriction to public technology content of the present invention. Should be noted that: in presents, described " on ", D scoreThe noun of locality is to determine taking Flash Smelting device use state as reference; Described " interior ", " outward " be with Flash Smelting assembly axis inHeart line is with reference to determining, near the position of axis be in, away from the position of axis be outside.
Process a self-heating Flash Smelting device for complex materials, comprise the fuel outwards being distributed successively by device longitudinal center linePipe 1, central air hose 2, materail tube 3, airduct 4,5, five pipes of secondary air channel are set with along same axis, cartridge 1In is fuel channel 6, between adjacent tubes, have living space and form respectively center wind duct 7, material channel 8, wind passage 9 and a secondaryWind path 10. Fuel channel 6 is column, and rest channels cross section is ring-type; The upper end of five passages is not connected, mutually sealingIsolation; For ease of dismounting, maintenance and location, five cylindrical shell upper ends can adopt the docking mode of flange to be connected each other.
In conjunction with Fig. 2, in the wind passage 9 of ring-type between materail tube 3 and an airduct 4, axial blade 11, is housedInferior technique wind via axial blade 11 become there is axial velocity, the rotary wind of tangential velocity, radial velocity, its spin intensity byThe factors such as blade quantity, inclination angle, blade height determine. Can according to inventory, wind powder mixability, oxidation reaction situation,The factors such as high temperature gas flow shape, calculate the ginsengs such as required spin intensity, blade quantity, inclination angle and blade height by formulaNumber. One-time process wind sprays into after metallurgical furnace, expands outwardly, thereby produce negative pressure in central area under centrifugal action, makes heightTemperature smoke backflow rotary wind center, recirculating zone 17 in forming, provides heat for material heats up to catch fire.
Annulus between central air hose 2 and materail tube 3 forms material channel 8. Material channel 8 is positioned at wind passage 9 one timeInner side, upper end forms charging aperture, and charging aperture is connected with screw(-type) feeder, and then communicates with material bin. Powder after dryingMaterial is carried and fully fluidization by material air strength, enters metallurgical furnace by material channel 8, at nozzle by work of High Rotation SpeedEthics and practice is involved in, stirs, mixes, and forms rotary wind powder mixed airflow,, under hot environment, material heat absorption heats up rapidly, catches fire,With the oxygen generation oxidation reaction in one-time process wind, reach the smelting object of desulfurization deferrization.
Center technique wind sprays in stove from the inner side of material channel 8. Center technique wind is set can be carried for the generation of interior recirculating zone 17For more rational barometric gradient distribution occasion (producing than the rotation of wind), be conducive to interior recirculating zone 17 formation,Keep good shape stable existence, increase wind powder air-flow contacts the circumference with heat exchange with high temperature reflux flue gas, the steady combustion work of strengtheningWith. For this reason, central air hose 2 calibers are larger, and centre wind flow and pressure are less.
Added again one direct-current secondary technique wind in one-time process wind outside, direct-current secondary technique wind is in the outer side spray of one-time process windEnter in metallurgical furnace, for the peripheral material in wind powder mixed airflow provides oxygen, recirculating zone 17 in expanding and strengthening, controls High Temperature GasStream shape, stablizes oxidation reaction and reduces high-temperature flue gas and flow the erosion corrosion to reaction tower inwall.
Four strands of wind all adopt oxygen-enriched air, and oxygen content (volume fraction) is 21%～99%. According to practical condition, four strands of windOxygen content can be different, to meet better production requirement. The flow of four strands of wind is by blower fan, caliber, valve, flowmeter controlSystem. Center technique wind, secondary working ethics and practice wind speed be by air quantity, wind-warm syndrome, blast, discharge area control, one-time process wind wind speedBy air quantity, wind-warm syndrome, blast, discharge area, axial blade control. Before normal use, need each ducting outlet wind speed to enterRow cold conditions is measured, calibration.
Fuel enters in reaction tower through the cartridge 1 at device center, can be one in heavy oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gasKind or multiple. Combustion fuel is not to exist smelting in producing always, only in the time of blow-on intensification, shutdown maintenance insulation, orIn situation that the heat supply of reaction tower oxyfuel burner is not enough, open.
According to aerodynamic principle, Combustion principle design, central air hose 2, materail tube 3, airduct 4 outlet at bottoms are adoptedBy enlarging 12 shapes, become 5 °～60 ° with device longitudinal center line angle.
Plate hole formula stabilizer 15 is installed on the annular channel outlet at bottom place between cartridge 1 and central air hose 2, and centre wind is through thisA little small sircle holes spray in stove, and its circular hole aperture, quantity, distribution are all to calculate and get through formula.
Ring gear shape distributing device 16 (or the profile of tooth distributing device that only has tooth not encircle) is arranged on materail tube 3 inner sides, outlet at bottom place. SlightlyWhen granule materials process ring gear shape distributing device 16, encircled with tooth and is stopped, be folded to device center, entered interior recirculating zone 17, fastComplete oxidation reaction; Fine granular materials can be walked around ring, by the space of two between cog, enters in stove in coarse granule material stream outside.
In secondary air channel 5 bottom outside, bundle flame cover 14 is installed, round nozzle 13, direct-current secondary work are installed in secondary air duct exitEthics and practice sprays in metallurgical furnace from round nozzle 13, mixes with one-time process wind, and mixed airflow shape is subject to restrainting flame cover 14 and controls.Round nozzle 13 is evenly arranged along circumferential, can go out one's intention as revealed in what one says by changing round nozzle 13 bores change direct-current secondary technique windSpeed, to adapt to the change of the factors such as inventory, wind powder mixed airflow shape, real reaction situation, furnace temperature.
The outlet at bottom of central air hose 2 is positioned under materail tube 3 outlet at bottoms, and materail tube 3 outlet at bottoms are positioned at airduct 4 one timeUnder outlet at bottom, adjacent the two at a distance of 10mm～300mm.
Applied instantiation herein technical scheme provided by the invention is set forth, the explanation of above embodiment is just usedIn helping to understand technical scheme provided by the invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, notDepart under the prerequisite of the principle of the invention, can also carry out some improvement and modification to the present invention, these improvement and modification also fall into thisIn the protection domain of invention claim.
Claims (7)
1. a self-heating Flash Smelting technique of processing complex materials, is characterized in that,
Pass into fuel to reaction tower center, in the time starting to feed intake as igniter, for self-heating smelt reaction at the beginning of heat is provided,After smelting stable reaction, stop using fuel;
One-time process wind is converted into through axial blade there is axial velocity, the rotary wind of tangential velocity, radial velocity sprays into metallurgyIn stove, it expands outwardly diametrically under centrifugal action, produces negative pressure in central area, and high ambient temperatures gas backstreaming is revolvedZhuan Feng center, forms recirculating zone in high temperature;
To be carried by material air strength and fully after fluidization, spray in one-time process wind inner side through batching, dried granular materialIn metallurgical furnace, be involved in, mix by one-time process wind, form rotary wind powder mixed airflow;
Spraying in metallurgical furnace by plate hole formula stabilizer in material air inner side with direct current Feng Zuo center technique wind, is wind powder mixed airflowIn inner side material provide oxidation reaction required oxygen;
Making secondary working ethics and practice with direct current wind and spray in metallurgical furnace by round nozzle in one-time process wind outside, is wind powder mixed airflowIn peripheral material provide oxidation reaction required oxygen;
Rotary wind powder mixed airflow is heated to oxidizing reaction temperature by the high-temperature gas in interior recirculating zone, with center technique wind, materialOxygen generation oxidation reaction in wind, one-time process wind, secondary working ethics and practice, provides heat without additional combustion fuel, makes full use ofThe chemical heat that oxidation reaction is emitted, realizes the reaction of self-heating Flash Smelting; Profile of tooth or ring gear shape distributing device improve material and cut in ring-typeDistributing homogeneity on face, catches fire material and oxidation reaction is stablized lasting; Center technique wind is by air quantity, wind speed, plate hole formulaVolume, shape and the distribution of recirculating zone in stabilizer, outlet enlarging control; Secondary working ethics and practice by air quantity, wind speed, bundle flame cover,Volume, shape and the distribution of round nozzle and the whole high warm air powder mixed airflow of outlet enlarging control, reduce pyrolytic semlting product pairWashing away of metallurgical furnace inwall;
The wind powder that in high temperature, recirculating zone, center technique wind, material air, one-time process wind, the acting in conjunction of secondary working ethics and practice produce is mixedClose air-flow, make material fully mix, collide with oxygen, realize smelting composition, form polynary complex materials.
2. the self-heating Flash Smelting technique of processing complex materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that described centerTechnique wind, one-time process wind, secondary working ethics and practice, material air are oxygen-enriched air, and its carrier of oxygen volume concentrations is 21%～99%.
3. the self-heating Flash Smelting technique of processing complex materials according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described sprays intoFuel be one or more in heavy oil, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas.
4. a self-heating Flash Smelting device of processing complex materials, is characterized in that, comprises by device longitudinal center line and outwards complying withThe cartridge of inferior distribution, central air hose, materail tube, airduct, secondary air channel, five pipes are set with along same axis, fuelIn pipe, be fuel channel, between adjacent tubes, having living space forms respectively center wind duct, material channel, wind passage and Secondary Air and leads toRoad, in an airduct, be provided with axial blade a wind can be converted into there is axial velocity, the rotation of tangential velocity, radial velocityWind, central air hose, materail tube, a BOD outlet adopt enlarging shape, at center wind duct outlet at bottom place installing plateCellular type stabilizer, installs profile of tooth or ring gear shape distributing device at material channel outlet at bottom place, in secondary air channel bottom outside, bundle is installedFlame cover, installs round nozzle in secondary air channel exit, direct-current secondary technique wind sprays in metallurgical furnace from round nozzle, centerThe outlet at bottom of airduct is positioned under materail tube outlet at bottom, and materail tube outlet at bottom is positioned under a BOD outlet.
5. a kind of self-heating Flash Smelting device of processing complex materials according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedThe enlarging of central air hose, materail tube, a BOD outlet becomes 5 °～60 ° with device longitudinal center line angle.
6. a kind of self-heating Flash Smelting device of processing complex materials according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedDistance between the outlet at bottom of central air hose and described materail tube outlet at bottom, described materail tube outlet at bottom and a described windDistance between pipe outlet at bottom is 10mm～300mm.
7. a kind of self-heating Flash Smelting device of processing complex materials according to claim 4, is characterized in that, describedRound nozzle is evenly arranged at periphery, between adjacent two, forms space, and round nozzle bore can change.
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| CN105154686B (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2018-01-19 | 阳谷祥光铜业有限公司 | The floating smelting process of one kind rotation and rotation are floated and smelt nozzle |
| CN105349799A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2016-02-24 | 杨伟燕 | Rotary-suspending smelting nozzle |
| CN105132685A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2015-12-09 | 杨伟燕 | Suspension smelting nozzle |
| CN105112683B (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2017-11-17 | 阳谷祥光铜业有限公司 | The floating smelting process of one kind rotation and rotation are floated and smelt nozzle |
| CN105132709A (en) * | 2015-10-05 | 2015-12-09 | 杨伟燕 | Suspension smelting nozzle |
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| CN101408315B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-02 | 浙江大学 | Low-noise high-efficiency gas turbine combustor |
| CN101644431B (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-02-02 | 中国计量学院 | Self-stabilizing three-stage air-distribution low-NOx pulverized coal burner |
| FI121852B (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-05-13 | Outotec Oyj | Process for feeding fuel gas into the reaction shaft in a suspension melting furnace and burner |
| CN202066046U (en) * | 2011-04-29 | 2011-12-07 | 华新环境工程有限公司 | Efficient burner for refuse derived fuels |
| CN102434878A (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2012-05-02 | 华中科技大学 | Three-layer secondary air low nitrogen oxide swirling burner |
| CN102506425B (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2015-03-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Central-feeding swirling pulverized coal burner with central air pipeline |
| CN203421974U (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2014-02-05 | 中南大学 | Suspension smelting furnace nozzle |
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