CN202353283U - Universal combined solar charger - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a universal combined solar charger, which comprises a mains supply, an external battery, a solar panel, a step-down and voltage stabilizing circuit, a universal serial bus (USB) output circuit and a rechargeable battery, wherein the input end of the step-down and voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected with the output ends of the mains supply, the external battery and the solar panel respectively; the USB output circuit and the rechargeable battery are electrically connected with the output end of the step-down and voltage stabilizing circuit respectively; a switching power circuit is also electrically connected between the mains supply and the step-down and voltage stabilizing circuit; and a charging management circuit is also electrically connected between the output end of the step-down and voltage stabilizing circuit and the rechargeable battery. The charger can be used for charging electrical equipment such as a mobile phone, a moving picture experts group audio layer-3 (MP3) player, an MP4 layer, a digital camera, a digital video camera and a miniature game console; and charging power supplies adopt the mains supply, the solar panel and the external battery, and the requirements of charging of the electrical equipment in various places can be met.

Description

Solar Universal Combined Charger

technical field

The utility model relates to a charging circuit, in particular to a solar universal combined charger.

Background technique

With the deterioration of the earth's environment, more and more scarce energy sources, coupled with the immeasurable threat that nuclear energy may bring to people, people urgently need to develop and utilize new renewable energy sources. The new energy sources that are more concerned now include wind energy and solar energy. Solar energy is a renewable energy source that does not pollute the environment, is safe, clean, and environmentally friendly. In line with the theme of "environmental protection and low carbon" and in line with the national "Twelfth Five-Year" new energy plan, the solar universal combined charger came into being under this circumstance.

In addition, due to the widespread use of mobile digital devices such as mobile phones, MP3, MP4, digital cameras, digital video cameras, and miniature game consoles, people rely more and more on them. There is an embarrassing scene where the power is exhausted, and the power supply cannot be found for a while or there is no matching charger, which will also affect people's normal work and life.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a solar universal combined charger which uses a collection of multiple charging power sources including solar cells to charge various electrical appliances. the

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

The solar universal combined charger includes mains power, an external battery, and a solar panel. The solar universal combined charger also includes a step-down regulator circuit, a USB output circuit, and a rechargeable battery. The input of the step-down regulator circuit The terminal is electrically connected to the output terminal of the mains, the external battery, and the solar panel, and the USB output circuit and the rechargeable battery are respectively electrically connected to the output of the step-down regulator circuit. A switching power supply circuit is also electrically connected between the circuits, and a charging management circuit is also electrically connected between the output terminal of the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit and the rechargeable battery.

The switching power supply circuit includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, stabilizer Voltage tube ZD1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, transformer T, the second output terminal of the mains is connected to the collector of transistor Q2 through diode D1 and resistor R3, and the resistor R2 and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, and one end is connected between diode D1 and resistor R3 The other end is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1 through the diode D2, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the diode D3 is connected between the emitter of the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q2, and the resistor R4 is connected to the transistor Between the emitter of Q1 and the emitter of transistor Q2, one end of capacitor C3 is connected to the emitter of transistor Q2, the other end of capacitor C3 is connected between diode D4 and Zener tube ZD1, and the other end of diode D4 is connected to the transformer The end with the same name of the sampling winding of T, the other end of the Zener tube ZD1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the resistance R5 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series, and one end is connected to the end of the sampling winding of the transformer T with the same name, and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 The emitter of the triode Q2 is connected to the first output terminal of the mains through the resistor R1, the end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to the transistor Q1 The collector of the sampling winding of the transformer T is connected between the diode D4 and the resistor R5, the other end of the sampling winding of the transformer T is connected between the emitter of the transistor Q2 and the resistor R1, the secondary winding of the transformer T The end with the same name is connected to the input end of the step-down regulator circuit through the diode D5, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T is grounded.

The charging management circuit includes chip U1, resistor R6, resistor R7, sliding rheostat R8, resistor R9, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, charging indicator LED1, transistor Q3, resistor R6 and resistor R7 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with capacitor C5, and the end after parallel connection It is electrically connected to the output end of the step-down regulator circuit, and the other end is grounded; the first pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the emitter of the transistor Q3, and the second pin of the chip U1 is connected to the transistor Q3. Collector, the third pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, the fourth pin of the chip U1 is connected between the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, the fifth pin of the chip U1 is charged through the resistor R9, The back of indicator light LED1 is grounded, the sixth pin of the chip U1 is grounded, the seventh pin of the chip U1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the eighth pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, and the capacitor C6 One end of the triode is connected to the collector of the triode Q3, and the other end is grounded, and the collector of the triode Q3 is electrically connected to the positive pole of the rechargeable battery.

In the above solution, the chip U1 is a BQ2057C power management chip, and the rechargeable battery is a lithium-ion battery.

The USB output circuit includes a USB interface, a resistor R10, and a power-on indicator LED2. The first pin of the USB interface is electrically connected to the output end of the step-down voltage regulator circuit, and the output end of the step-down voltage regulator circuit passes through the resistor R10. , The power-on indicator LED2 is grounded, and the fourth pin of the USB interface is grounded.

Compared with the prior art, the solar universal combined charger described in the utility model has the beneficial effects of:

1. The charger of the utility model can be used to charge electrical equipment such as mobile phones, MP3, MP4, digital cameras, digital video cameras, and miniature game consoles;

2. The charging power source adopts commercial power, solar panels, and external batteries, which can meet the needs of charging electrical equipment in various occasions;

3. Using solar renewable energy, no pollution to the environment, safe, clean and environmentally friendly. the

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural block diagram of the utility model solar universal combined charger;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the circuit schematic diagram of switching power supply circuit among Fig. 1;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the circuit schematic diagram of charging management circuit in Fig. 1;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the circuit schematic diagram of USB output circuit in Fig. 1.

Detailed ways

In the following, the solar universal combined charger of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to understand the technical idea claimed by the present invention more clearly.

As shown in Figures 1~4, the solar universal combined charger includes mains power 1, external battery 3, solar panel 2, step-down and voltage-stabilizing circuit 4, USB output circuit 5, rechargeable battery 6, and step-down and voltage-stabilizing circuit The input end of 4 is electrically connected to the output end of the mains 1, the external battery 3, and the solar panel 2, respectively, and the USB output circuit and the rechargeable battery are respectively electrically connected to the output end of the step-down regulator circuit. A switching power supply circuit 8 is also electrically connected between the voltage stabilizing circuits 4 , and a charging management circuit 7 is also electrically connected between the output terminal of the step-down stabilizing circuit 4 and the rechargeable battery 6 . In a conventional form, the commercial power 1 can be used as a power source to charge the electrical equipment. If the solar panel 2 is working, the commercial power 1 and the external battery 3 can be cut off, and renewable resources can be used for charging, while the former two cannot When the conditions are met, the external battery 3 can be used for power supply. The output terminal of the charger includes a USB interface, a rechargeable battery interface, and a commonly used direct charging interface, etc., which can meet the charging needs of any electrical equipment.

The switching power supply circuit 8 includes: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, voltage regulator Tube ZD1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, transformer T, the second output terminal of the mains is connected to the collector of transistor Q2 through diode D1 and resistor R3, and the resistor R2 and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, and one end is connected between diode D1 and resistor R3 , the other end is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1 through the diode D2, the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the diode D3 is connected between the emitter of the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q2, and the resistor R4 is connected to the transistor Q1 Between the emitter of the transistor and the emitter of the transistor Q2, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected between the diode D4 and the Zener tube ZD1, and the other end of the diode D4 is connected to the transformer T The end of the sampling winding with the same name, the other end of the Zener tube ZD1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the resistor R5 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series, and one end is connected to the end of the sampling winding of the transformer T, and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 , the emitter of the triode Q2 is connected to the first output terminal of the mains through the resistor R1, the same-named terminal of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, and the other terminal of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to the terminal of the triode Q1 The collector, the end of the sampling winding of the transformer T is connected between the diode D4 and the resistor R5, the other end of the sampling winding of the transformer T is connected between the emitter of the transistor Q2 and the resistor R1, the secondary winding of the transformer T has the same name The other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected to the ground through the diode D5 and the input end of the step-down regulator circuit.

The output terminal of the mains 1 includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal. The second output terminal is half-wave rectified by a diode D1, and the first output terminal is filtered by a capacitor C1 after passing through a resistor R1. Resistor R1 has a protective function. If a fault occurs and causes overcurrent, then resistor R1 will be blown to avoid causing a greater fault. Diode D2, resistor R2 and capacitor C2 form a high-voltage absorption circuit. When the transistor Q1 is turned off, it is responsible for absorbing the induced voltage on the transformer coil, thereby preventing high voltage from being applied to the transistor Q1 and causing breakdown. Transistor Q1 is an MJE13003 switch tube with a withstand voltage of 400V and a current collector of 14W, which is used to control the on or off between the primary winding and the mains 1 . When the primary winding is continuously switched on and off, a changing magnetic field will be formed in the transformer T, so that the resistor R4 at the emitter of the triode Q1 is a current sampling resistor, and the current becomes a voltage after being sampled. After the voltage passes through the diode D3, Added to the base of transistor Q2. When the sampling voltage is greater than 1.4V, that is, when the switch tube current is greater than 0.14A, the transistor Q2 is turned on, thereby pulling down the base voltage of the transistor Q1, thereby reducing the collector current of the transistor Q1, thus limiting the current of the switch , to prevent excessive current from burning out (this is a constant current structure, which limits the maximum current of the switch tube to about 140mA).

The induced voltage (terminal with the same name) of the sampling winding of the transformer T is rectified by the diode D4 and filtered by the capacitor C3 to form a sampling voltage. Take the emitter end of the transistor Q2 as the ground. Then the sampling voltage is negative (about -4V), and the higher the output voltage, the smaller the sampling voltage. The sampling voltage is added to the base of the triode Q1 after passing through the regulator tube ZD1. When the output voltage is higher, the sampling voltage is smaller. When the voltage reaches a certain level, the Zener tube ZD1 is broken down, thereby pulling down the base potential of the transistor Q1, which will cause the switch tube to be disconnected or delay the start of the switch. Turning on, thereby controlling the energy input into the transformer T, and also controlling the increase of the output voltage, realizing the function of stabilizing the output voltage. The lower resistor R5 and the capacitor C4 connected in series are positive feedback branches. The induced voltage is taken out from the sampling winding and added to the base of the transistor Q1 to maintain oscillation. The secondary winding of the transformer T, rectified by the diode D5, can output a voltage of 6V after passing through a filter capacitor, and the voltage can be obtained as a voltage of 5V after passing through the step-down and stabilizing circuit 4 .

Because of the high frequency, the transformer T uses a high-frequency switching transformer, and the iron core is a high-frequency ferrite core with high resistivity to reduce eddy current. The advantages of adopting the switching power supply circuit 8 lie in its high efficiency, low noise, stability and reliability, low cost, small size, light weight, and simple peripheral circuit design.

The USB output circuit 5 includes a USB interface, a resistor R10, and a power-on indicator LED2. The first pin of the USB interface is electrically connected to the output end of the step-down regulator circuit 4, and the output end of the step-down regulator circuit 4 passes through the resistor R10, The power-on indicator LED2 is grounded, and the fourth pin of the USB interface is grounded.

Since the output voltage and power of the solar panel 2 fluctuate greatly with the light intensity, firstly, the output fluctuating voltage of the solar panel is transformed into a stable voltage required by the charging management circuit 7 through the voltage conversion circuit. Because the current of the load is relatively large, and in consideration of reducing the loss of electric energy, the step-down regulator circuit 4 adopts a DC-DC conversion circuit with LM2596T as the main control chip. After passing through the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit 4, the output of the solar panel is 160-320mA/5V, and the output of the mains and the external battery is 500mA/5V.

The charging management circuit 7 includes a chip U1, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a sliding rheostat R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, a charging indicator LED1, and a transistor Q3. After the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 are connected in series, they are connected in parallel with the capacitor C5. One end is electrically connected to the output end of the step-down regulator circuit, and the other end is grounded; the first pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the emitter of the transistor Q3, and the second pin of the chip U1 is connected to the transistor Q3 The collector of the chip U1, the third pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, the fourth pin of the chip U1 is connected between the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, the fifth pin of the chip U1 is connected through the resistor R9, The charging indicator LED1 is grounded, the sixth pin of the chip U1 is grounded, the seventh pin of the chip U1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the eighth pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, and the capacitor One end of C6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, and the other end is grounded. The collector of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery.

If the rechargeable battery 6 is overcharged, overdischarged or overcurrented during charging or discharging, it will cause damage to the rechargeable battery or reduce its service life. The charging of the rechargeable battery 6 is divided into three stages: pre-charged state, constant current charging and constant voltage charging phase. When the voltage of the rechargeable battery is less than the minimum voltage, use a smaller current for precharging; when the battery voltage is greater than the minimum voltage but less than the reference voltage, use a larger current for constant current fast charging; when the voltage of the rechargeable battery 6 rises to the reference voltage, perform constant current charging. When the charging current decreases to the preset current, the charging is completed.

Taking a rechargeable battery with a capacity of 800mAh as an example, its termination charging voltage is 4.2V. Use a 1/10C (about 80 mA) battery for constant current pre-charging. When the terminal voltage of the rechargeable battery reaches the low-voltage threshold V (min), charge it with a constant current of 800 mA (charging rate 1C). At the beginning, the voltage of the rechargeable battery is at Larger slope boost, when the battery voltage is close to 4.2 V, change to 4.2V constant voltage charging, the current drops gradually, and the voltage does not change much. When the charging current drops to 1/10C (about 80mA), it is considered to be close to full, and it can be used. Terminate charging. The charging management circuit 6 adopts BQ2057C as the control chip, which meets the best charging method of the rechargeable battery.

For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made according to the technical solutions and ideas described above, and all these changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention .

Claims (6)

1. The solar energy universal combined charger comprises mains power, an external battery, and a solar battery panel, and is characterized in that, the described solar universal combined charger also includes a step-down voltage stabilizing circuit, a USB output circuit, and a rechargeable battery, and the step-down The input end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected to the output end of the commercial power, the external battery, and the solar panel, and the USB output circuit and the rechargeable battery are respectively electrically connected to the output end of the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit. A switching power supply circuit is also electrically connected between the power supply and the step-down regulator circuit, and a charging management circuit is also electrically connected between the output terminal of the step-down regulator circuit and the rechargeable battery. 2. The solar universal combined charger according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply circuit comprises: resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3 , capacitor C4, diode D1, diode D2, diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, voltage regulator tube ZD1, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, transformer T, the second output terminal of the mains is connected to the transistor Q2 via diode D1 and resistor R3 The collector of resistor R2 and capacitor C2 are connected in parallel, one end is connected between diode D1 and resistor R3, the other end is connected to the collector of transistor Q1 through diode D2, the base of transistor Q1 is connected to the collector of transistor Q2, and diode D3 Connected between the emitter of the transistor Q1 and the base of the transistor Q2, the resistor R4 is connected between the emitter of the transistor Q1 and the emitter of the transistor Q2, one end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q2, and the other end of the capacitor C3 Connected between the diode D4 and the Zener tube ZD1, the other end of the diode D4 is connected to the same name end of the sampling winding of the transformer T, the other end of the Zener tube ZD1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, after the resistor R5 and the capacitor C4 are connected in series One end is connected to the same-named end of the sampling winding of the transformer T, the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q2 is connected to the first output end of the mains through the resistor R1, and the same-named end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to Between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3, the other end of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, the end of the sampling winding of the transformer T is connected between the diode D4 and the resistor R5, the other end of the sampling winding of the transformer T Connected between the emitter of the triode Q2 and the resistor R1, the terminal with the same name of the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected to the input terminal of the step-down regulator circuit through the diode D5, and the other end of the secondary winding of the transformer T is grounded. 3. The solar universal combined charger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the charging management circuit includes a chip U1, a resistor R6, a resistor R7, a sliding rheostat R8, a resistor R9, a capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, and a charging indicator Lamp LED1, transistor Q3, resistor R6 and resistor R7 are connected in series and then connected in parallel with capacitor C5. After parallel connection, one end is electrically connected to the output end of the step-down regulator circuit, and the other end is grounded; the first pin of chip U1 is connected to the sliding rheostat Between R8 and the emitter of the transistor Q3, the second pin of the chip U1 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, the third pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, and the fourth pin of the chip U1 Connected between the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, the fifth pin of the chip U1 is grounded after passing through the resistor R9 and the charging indicator LED1, the sixth pin of the chip U1 is grounded, and the seventh pin of the chip U1 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1 The eighth pin of the chip U1 is connected between the sliding rheostat R8 and the resistor R6, one end of the capacitor C6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, and the other end is grounded, and the collector of the transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the rechargeable battery. 4. The solar universal combined charger according to claim 3, wherein the chip U1 is a BQ2057C power management chip. 5. The solar universal combined charger according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the USB output circuit includes a USB interface, a resistor R10, and a power-on indicator LED2, and the first pin of the USB interface is connected to the lower The output end of the voltage stabilizing circuit is electrically connected, the output end of the step-down voltage stabilizing circuit is grounded through the resistor R10 and the power-on indicator LED2, and the fourth pin of the USB interface is grounded. 6. The solar universal combined charger according to claim 1, wherein the rechargeable battery is a lithium-ion battery.

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