CN202297183U

CN202297183U - Self-supplying heat exchanger for sea water desalinization

Info

Publication number: CN202297183U
Application number: CN2011203372830U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯益安
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-08-31
Filing date: 2011-08-31
Publication date: 2012-07-04
Anticipated expiration: 2021-08-31

Abstract

A self-supplying heat exchanger for sea water desalinization belongs to the sea water desalinization, and solves the problem of cyclic utilization of heat quantity in a low-temperature low-pressure steam sea water desalinization method. The self-supplying heat exchanger comprises an evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber, an air pump, a heat exchange pipe as well as an inlet and an outlet of each part. The self-supplying heat exchanger is characterized in that an exhaust hole and a liquid discharge hole are formed at the lower part of the condensation chamber; the condensation chamber is connected with an inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe, and an opening of the condensation chamber and that of the inner cavity of the heat exchange pipe are together formed in the position of a steam inlet formed at the upper part of a system; the evaporation chamber is positioned at the upper part of the system; the outer side of the heat exchange pipe penetrates through sea water in the evaporation chamber; the cavity of the evaporation chamber is sealed up, and the opening of the evaporation chamber is formed in the position of a steam outlet formed at the upper part of the system; and the steam outlet and the steam inlet are connected with the air pump or a vacuum pump. The method of the self-supplying heat exchanger can achieve the purpose of saving energy and lowering the sea water desalinization cost.

Description

A kind of sea water desaltination is from the body interchanger

Technical field: belong to low-pressure low-temperature heat-circulation type sea water desaltination field

Background technology:

Present desalination technology has reverse osmotic pressure " film " method and " heat " method of utilizing evaporating principle, and present popular is the low-temperature distillation method in " heat " method, promptly mainly is the low temperature multiple-effect distillation sea water desalting method.Distillation seawater desalination method i.e. " heat " method is wanted consumption of calorie, what and the Cost of seawater desalination that how much are directly connected to power consumption of consumption of calorie, and the used heat that therefore utilizes the power station to discharge carries out sea water desaltination, is ideal low temperature multiple-effect distillation method.

Summary of the invention:

Distillation seawater desalination method i.e. " heat " method is wanted consumption of calorie; What and the Cost of seawater desalination that how much are directly connected to power consumption of consumption of calorie; The latent heat of vaporization when therefore how to utilize sea water by distillation is accomplished recycle, is a critical problem that solves low-cost desalination.

The application relates to a kind of low-temp low-pressure sea water desaltination from the body interchanger; The latent heat of vaporization of seawater and the latent heat of condensation reach balance in this system; And in system reciprocation cycle, system only needs an initial start heat to reach the initial temperature of seawater, total system does not rely on heat credit.Specifically comprise the import and export of evaporator room, condensing chamber, vacuum fan, heat transfer tube and each several part.It is characterized in that condensing chamber below, have venting hole and liquid outlet orifice, condensing chamber is connected with the heat transfer tube internal cavity, and with the steam inlet of heat transfer tube common open in system top; Evaporator room is positioned at above the system, and the inside is to need the seawater of evaporation and the vaporization storehouse of seawater top, and the heat transfer tube outside is among seawater, and the evaporator room cavity seals and be opened on the vapour outlet of system top; Steam inlet links to each other with vacuum fan or vacuum pump with vapour outlet.

Seawater in the vaporizer is heated to initial vaporization temperature, and initial vaporization temperature is below 70 degree Celsius.

Vacuum fan or vacuum pump power are provided by wind energy.

The heat transfer tube that connects evaporator room and condensing chamber is the layer-stepping heat transfer tube.

The seawater of evaporator room inside is under the effect of vacuum fan or vacuum pump, and gas is constantly discharged, and forms negative pressure; Promptly be lower than external atmosphere pressure, seawater evaporates under subatmospheric, and the water at low temperature steam after the evaporation gets into heat transfer tube and condensing chamber by steam inlet under the effect of vacuum fan or vacuum pump; Form high pressure, temperature is higher, and through heat transfer tube and low temperature seawater heat exchange generation condensation; Water of condensation is assembled below condensing chamber gradually, is discharged by liquid outlet, forms fresh water.And the latent heat of vaporization that vapor condenses discharges is still also under low pressure evaporated the consumption latent heat of vaporization by the outer Absorption by Sea Water of heat transfer tube again; The latent heat of vaporization is recycled through heat transfer tube between condensing chamber and evaporator room like this; Reach heat balance; And fresh water produces under the effect of vacuum fan or vacuum pump endlessly, forms the heat circulation system that does not rely on external environment.According to suitably selective system insulation or be not incubated of outside temperature, be beneficial to thermal accumlation and circulation, fully reach energy-conservation and the purpose that reduces the sea water desaltination cost.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the circulating system architecture synoptic diagram of heat.Fig. 2 is a layering heat transfer tube vertical view.Fig. 3 is the structural representation of layering heat transfer tube.Wherein 1, condensing chamber; 2, liquidometer or inductive probe; 3, liquid outlet; 4, gas discharge outlet; 5, evaporator room; 6, heat transfer tube; 7, vapour outlet; 8, vacuum fan or vacuum pump; 9, steam inlet; 11, layering heat transfer tube import; 12, layering heat transfer tube outlet; 13, upper strata heat transfer tube; 14, middle level heat transfer tube; 15, lower floor's heat transfer tube; 16, the pipe connecting between the layering heat transfer tube.

Embodiment

Once explain in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a present specification system architecture synoptic diagram, and wherein evaporator room (5) is positioned at the top, and condensing chamber (1) is positioned at the below; Steam inlet (9) links to each other with heat transfer tube (6); Heat transfer tube (6) inner chamber links to each other with condensing chamber (1), and steam gets into heat transfer tube (6) by steam inlet (9) under the effect of vacuum fan (8), condenses under the seawater to make heat exchange effect of steam in evaporator room (5) in the heat transfer tube (6); Condensed water flows into condensing chamber (1) bottom storage, is discharged by liquid outlet (3) after reaching certain liquid level.Seawater in the evaporator room (5) is vaporization under low pressure under the effect of vacuum fan (8); And the heat of absorption seawater; Seawater temperature reduces, and seawater absorbs the heat that heat reduces owing to vaporization in order to compensation through the heat exchange with heat transfer tube (6), and the steam in the heat transfer tube (6) is through condensing with the heat exchange of the outer low temperature seawater of heat transfer tube (6); Form " fresh water ", this limneticum content is few.

Evaporator room (5) and condensing chamber (1) all need pressure bearing and seal; Wherein heat transfer tube (6) inner chamber can be regarded the part of condensing chamber as; What the heat transfer tube inner chamber played is the effect of condensing chamber, and heat transfer tube inner chamber and condensing chamber (1) are undivided in system, because heat transfer tube (6) inner chamber is less; Not being designated inner chamber " condensing chamber ", is the distinguishing feature of this heat-circulation type sea water desaltination but the heat transfer tube inner chamber has played " condensation " effect.

Heat exchanger tube (6) can be the spirrillum coil pipe, also can be " the layer-stepping heat transfer tube " of Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 sign, and the layer-stepping heat transfer tube considers that mainly the seawater temperature demixing phenomenon of large-scale sea water distiling plant reaches and the sufficient heat exchange of seawater; The layer-stepping heat transfer tube can have infinite layers; Only identified three layers among the figure, wherein each layer can be selected vergence direction according to circulating path, and vergence direction is beneficial to water (flow) direction; Also can level, having a down dip in the pressure effect of vacuum fan becomes inessential.Therefore be main with level.Layer with layer between pipe connecting (16) in the drawings can be in the centre, also can be on the edge of, but must be to comply with water (flow) direction.

The effect of venting hole (4) is that beginning condensing chamber (1) is used for exhausted air when air content is higher.When operation is initial, need open exhausted air.

In order to improve velocity of evaporation; Can change constant-temperature evaporation; Such as being heated to the seawater in the vaporizer 60 degree Celsius, only need pressure seldom just can make the seawater explosive evaporatoin, so the vaporization temperature of seawater in can given vaporizer during sea water desaltination; For preventing the salt crystallization, can be controlled in initial temperature 70 and spend following, the following evaporation of operation circulating temperature 60 degree.

Because this type of sea water desaltination mode only need provide power to form negative pressure evaporation, so can power be provided with wind-force.

If evaporator room without negative pressure evaporation, evaporate the boiling value that just need reach the water under the normal pressure under normal pressure, the external world to provide thermal source as evaporation power, need this loop structure too, but need the strict insulation of system.Talk about exactly with another sentence: vacuum fan or vacuum pump between the steam inlet of condensing surface and the vapour outlet of vaporizer can be replaced by high-temperature steam.

In evaporator room, the injection of seawater or the discharge of strong brine, not expression in the Figure of description can add the outlet of sea intake and strong brine in real operation, but need when evaporation, keep sealing relatively.

Simplified summary: heat circulation and energy-saving type low-cost desalination system comprises the import and export of evaporator room, condensing chamber, vacuum fan, heat transfer tube and each several part; It is characterized in that condensing chamber below; Have venting hole and liquid outlet orifice; Condensing chamber is connected with the heat transfer tube internal cavity, and common open is in the steam inlet of system top; Evaporator room is positioned at the system top, has sea intake and strong brine relief outlet, and the heat transfer tube outside is among the seawater of evaporator room, and the evaporator room cavity seals and be opened on the vapour outlet of system top; Steam inlet links to each other with vacuum fan or vacuum pump with vapour outlet.

Claims

1. a sea water desaltination is from the body interchanger; Comprise the import and export of evaporator room, condensing chamber, vacuum fan, heat transfer tube and each several part; It is characterized in that condensing chamber below; Have venting hole and liquid outlet orifice, condensing chamber is connected with the heat transfer tube internal cavity, and with the steam inlet of heat transfer tube common open in system top; Evaporator room is positioned at above the system, and the inside is to need the seawater of evaporation and the vaporization storehouse of seawater top, and the heat transfer tube outside is among the seawater of evaporator room, and the evaporator room cavity seals and be opened on the vapour outlet of system top; Steam inlet links to each other with vacuum fan or vacuum pump with vapour outlet.

2. a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1 is characterized in that from the body interchanger: the seawater in the vaporizer is heated to initial vaporization temperature, and initial vaporization temperature is below 70 degree Celsius.

3. a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1 is characterized in that from the body interchanger: vacuum fan or vacuum pump power are provided by wind energy.

4. a kind of sea water desaltination according to claim 1 is characterized in that from the body interchanger: the heat transfer tube that connects evaporator room and condensing chamber is the layer-stepping heat transfer tube.