CN202183051U - Sun azimuth detector and automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof - Google Patents
Sun azimuth detector and automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN202183051U CN202183051U CN2011202595155U CN201120259515U CN202183051U CN 202183051 U CN202183051 U CN 202183051U CN 2011202595155 U CN2011202595155 U CN 2011202595155U CN 201120259515 U CN201120259515 U CN 201120259515U CN 202183051 U CN202183051 U CN 202183051U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a sun azimuth detection and automatic tracking control technology. To overcome a defect that a conventional sun detector is liable to be interfered, the utility model discloses a sun azimuth detector and an automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof. According to the sun azimuth detector, an east-direction sensor, a west-direction sensor, a south-direction sensor and a north-direction sensor are separated only by separating plates and arranged close to each other. Besides, the four sensors, especially the same portion that is shielded by shielding plates, can be regarded to stay under exactly the same environment, can be used for sensing the same diffuse reflection and other interference signals, and the interference signals can be mutually offset, thereby greatly improving the anti-interference capability of the detector. According to the automatic sun azimuth tracking device, the above sun azimuth sensors are adopted as the front detectors of the tracking device, so that the reliability and the tracking accuracy of the sun tracking device are improved. The sun azimuth detector and the automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof can be widely applied to systems of solar generation, solar water heaters or the like, and enable the solar utilization rate to be increased.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the Application of Solar Energy field, and particularly solar azimuth is surveyed and automatic tracking control technology.
Background technology
Sun power can be described as a kind of inexhaustible clean energy resource.The sun power utilization is current very powerful and exceedingly arrogant field, comprises solar electrical energy generation, solar water heater, solar energy stove etc.These are used, and in order to obtain maximum solar energy utilization ratio, all need make solar attachment (like solar panel, heat collector, reverberator etc.) constantly over against the sun, and these all be unable to do without the solar tracking technology.
The solar tracking system of prior art generally comprises parts such as sun azimuth detector, control system and servo control mechanism.Sun azimuth detector mostly is made up of light sensor, produces control signal according to the sun power that receives, and control system drives servo control mechanism according to this signal the sun is followed the tracks of.Prior art solar tracking control system, digital control technology from the conventional analogue technical development to today.In the solar tracking control system; Sun azimuth detector is the parts of most critical; Its performance directly has influence on tracking accuracy; Photo-electric detector commonly used adopts photoelectric sensor, like photoelectric cell, photodiode, phototriode, photoresistance etc., according to the sunray generation electric signal of induction.This detector has simple in structure, the characteristics that cost is low, but receive the interference of multiple factors such as scattered light, cloud and mist decay, job insecurity, even can't respond to.The personnel of Guangzhou Industrial Technology Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are topic with " solar thermal collector tracking transducer " on first-phase " sun power " periodical in 2010, have introduced a kind of solar energy tracking sensor.The ability steady operation is arranged on composition electric bridge in the drum to four photodiodes, though can not be got rid of cloud and mist and disturb.So, being provided with two again outside and seeking source startup photodiode, these two photodiodes are not formed bridge diagram, have reduced interference free performance so again, influence the stability of work, are difficult in product, use.
The utility model content
The utility model technical matters to be solved; Sunblazer to prior art receives the scattered light interference easily exactly; The shortcoming of the particularly decay of cloud and mist generation, diffuse reflection interference; The autotracker of a kind of sun azimuth detector and formation thereof is provided, improves detector antijamming capability and job stability.
The utility model solve the technical problem; The technical scheme that adopts is; Sun azimuth detector comprises the east orientation sensor that receives East, West, South, North direction sun power respectively, west to sensor, south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor, and said sensor is positioned on the plane vertical with incident sunlight; It is characterized in that said plane is divided into four parts of East, West, South, North by orthogonal first dividing plate and second partition; Wherein, the east orientation sensor lays respectively at the thing part and is symmetrically located at the first dividing plate both sides to sensor with the west, and south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor lay respectively at the north and south part and be symmetrically located at the second partition both sides; Said dividing plate is provided with shadow shield; Said shadow shield and said plane parallel; Block east orientation sensor, west part direct projection light respectively to sensor and south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor; And the east orientation sensor by part that shadow shield block is equated to sensor that with the west south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor are equated by the part that shadow shield blocks.
The sun azimuth detector of the utility model; East orientation sensor, west are only isolated by dividing plate between sensor and south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor, and distance is very near, can think to be in identical environment; The moiety that is particularly blocked by shadow shield; Can respond to identical undesired signals such as diffuse reflection, and cancel out each other, greatly improve the antijamming capability of detector.
Concrete, said first dividing plate and second partition are made up of a rectangular clapboard bending.First dividing plate and second partition are one-piece construction, are convenient to processing and installation.
Concrete, said sensor is photoelectric sensor.Adopt photoelectric sensor as the light signal induction installation, technology maturation is convenient to subsequent conditioning circuit and is handled.
Further, said east orientation sensor, west have same model and parameter to sensor, and said south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor have same model and parameter.The sensor of correspondence position has same model and parameter, can improve detection accuracy and antijamming capability.
Further, said east orientation sensor, west lay respectively at the different brachium pontis of electric bridge to sensor, and said electric bridge brachium pontis mid point is a signal output part; Said south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor lay respectively at the different brachium pontis of another electric bridge, and this another electric bridge brachium pontis mid point is a signal output part.Adopt bridge diagram as signal output apparatus, antijamming capability is strong, and is highly sensitive.
Further, two triodes of said signal output part parallel connected in reverse phase, the control end of two triodes connects two brachium pontis mid points respectively.Output terminal inserts triode (can be double pole triode or fet) can isolate circuit, reduces the phase mutual interference.
Further, the back side of said east orientation sensor correspondence position is equipped with sensor, is used to survey the sun of east initial rise.The sensor of this increase can be surveyed the sun of east initial rise next day, for tracking means resets, realizes that unmanned provides condition.
Further, said sensor is parallelly connected with the east orientation sensor.The sensor that increases is parallelly connected with the east orientation sensor, can simplify place in circuit, reduce cost.
The sun orientation automatic tracking device of the utility model; Comprise azimuth sensor, control system and servo control mechanism; It is characterized in that said control system is connected with azimuth sensor, reception azimuth sensor output signal drives said servo control mechanism the sun is followed the tracks of.Adopt the preceding end detector of the azimuth sensor of the utility model, can improve sun tracker reliability and tracking accuracy as tracking means.
Concrete; Said control system reception east orientation sensor drives said servo control mechanism with western signal to sensor output solar azimuth is followed the tracks of, and the signal that reception south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor are exported drives said servo control mechanism the sun elevation angle is followed the tracks of.
The beneficial effect of the utility model is; The induction tracking of space four direction is provided by four photoelectric sensors; Guarantee the induction of any one angle; The ingenious configuration of sensor combines the effect of shadow shield, can overcome untimely or the shortcoming that can't induction tracking of the sensor sensing that when soupy weather, is caused effectively.The structure of the utility model sensor and control circuit are all very simple, with low cost, and potential safety hazard is few, and is easy to utilize.The utility model further increases a photoelectric sensor, and the light that can guarantee the sun that east rises next day is by perception, thereby can realize round-the-clock complete unattended from motion tracking.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereographic map of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the upward view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the bridge structure synoptic diagram of embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is another bridge structure synoptic diagram of embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the tracking means electrical block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, describe the technical scheme of the utility model in detail.
The sun azimuth detector of the utility model comprises that the east orientation sensor that receives East, West, South, North direction sun power respectively, west are to sensor, south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor.In order to receive sun power to greatest extent, these 4 sensors are positioned on the plane vertical with incident sunlight.These 4 sensors are divided into 2 groups, lay respectively at by four parts of East, West, South, North of orthogonal first dividing plate and second partition separation.Wherein, the east orientation sensor is one group with the west to sensor, lays respectively at the thing part and is symmetrically located at the first dividing plate both sides; South orientation sensor and north orientation sensor are one group, lay respectively at the north and south part and are symmetrically located at the second partition both sides.Dividing plate is provided with and said parallel plane shadow shield, blocks the direct sunlight of the moiety of two sensors in the two sensors respectively.In each group, two sensors are in the both sides of shadow shield, and environmental facies seemingly; Receive scattered light, the undesired signals that disturbing factor produced (electric current) such as temperature equate, can on circuit, cancel out each other; Has only induced signal (electric current) that direct sunlight produces just as useful signal on two sensors; And by output at double (in same group, a sensor signal reduces, and corresponding another sensor signal increases).So the detector recognition capability of the utility model is strong, job stability is high, and the structure of sensor and subsequent control circuit are all very simple, with low cost, easy to utilize.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.This routine sun azimuth detector comprises east orientation sensor U2, west to sensor U1, south orientation sensor U3 and north orientation sensor U4, and east orientation sensor U2, west are to back mounted sensor U6, the U5 of sensor U1 correspondence position.Among Fig. 1, sensor U1, U4 are invisible, dot.Sensor U2, U1, U3, U4 receive East, West, South, North direction sunshine respectively, produce induced signal.Wherein, sensor U2, U1 produce the induced signal that solar azimuth changes, and are used for the tracking of solar azimuth; Sensor U3, U4 produce the induced signal that the sun elevation angle changes, and are used for the tracking at the sun elevation angle; When sensor U6 is used for detector and is in the west, survey the sun of east initial rise next day, main effect provides systematic reset signal, makes detector by resetting to eastwards, so that begin new one day servo tracking westwards.Sensor U5 is used for balancing circuitry.In order to receive sun power to greatest extent, improve induction sensitivity, sensor U2, U1, U3, U4 are arranged on the plane vertical with incident sunlight 1.These 4 sensors are divided into 2 groups, are divided into four parts of East, West, South, North by orthogonal first dividing plate 21 with second partition 22 respectively.East orientation sensor U2 is one group with the west to sensor U1, lays respectively at the thing part and is symmetrically located at first dividing plate, 21 both sides; South orientation sensor U3 and north orientation sensor U4 are one group, lay respectively at the north and south part and are symmetrically located at second partition 22 both sides.This routine first dividing plate 21 is bent into the right angle with second partition 22 by a rectangular clapboard and constitutes; First dividing plate 21 and second partition 22 are provided with the shadow shield 3 parallel with plane 1; Be used for blocking respectively the direct sunlight of the moiety of two sensors in the two sensors, shown in Fig. 2 is that shadow shield 3 blocks sensor U2, U1 and sensor U3, each half the situation of U4 respectively.This part that is blocked is used for induced interference signal (like scattered beam, temperature etc.), and cancels out each other through circuit, thereby improves antijamming capability.
This routine all the sensors (U1, U2, U3, U4, U5, U6) all adopts photoelectric sensor, can convert the sun power (sunshine) that receives into voltage or current signal (like photoresistance, photoelectric cell etc.).In this example, east orientation sensor U2, west have same model and parameter to sensor U1, and south orientation sensor U3, north orientation sensor U4 have same model and parameter.Fig. 4 shows this routine east orientation sensor U2, the western bridge structure that constitutes to sensor U1; East orientation sensor U2, west lay respectively at the different brachium pontis of electric bridge to sensor U1, and parallelly connected with sensor U6, U5 respectively, and resistance R 1, R2 lay respectively at other two arms of electric bridge among Fig. 4; The tie point of resistance R 1, R2 and sensor is an electric bridge brachium pontis mid point; Also be this routine signal output part, the variation of its output signal reflection solar azimuth is used for solar azimuth is followed the tracks of.Another bridge structure that this routine south orientation sensor U3, north orientation sensor U4 and resistance R 3, R4 constitute is referring to Fig. 5.Same, south orientation sensor U3, north orientation sensor U4 constitute two brachium pontis of this another electric bridge respectively, and this another electric bridge brachium pontis mid point is a signal output part, and the variation at its output signal reflection sun elevation angle is used to follow the tracks of the sun elevation angle.Two triodes of the signal output part parallel connected in reverse phase of this routine electric bridge are seen among the figure triode Q1, Q2 in 4,5,6.Triode Q1 control end (base stage) connects brachium pontis mid point A, and emitter connects brachium pontis mid point B, and collector C1 is an output terminal; The base stage of triode Q2 connects brachium pontis mid point B, and emitter connects brachium pontis mid point A, and collector C2 is an output terminal.Triode Q1, Q2 are the NPN triode among the figure, when the A point voltage is higher than the B point voltage, and triode Q1 conducting, collector C1 output B point voltage; Otherwise, triode Q2 conducting, collector C2 output A point voltage.
The sun orientation automatic tracking device of the utility model comprises sun azimuth detector, control system and servo control mechanism, and is as shown in Figure 6.The dotted line left side is a sun azimuth detector among the figure, wherein only shows east orientation sensor U2 and the electric bridge of west to sensor U1 formation.During use sun azimuth detector is fixed on the tracking equipment, like the upper edge of the catoptron among Fig. 6 10, detector output terminal connection control system.The orientation of adjustment detector makes catoptron 10 over against the solar time, and the normal on plane 1 points to the sun.At this moment east orientation sensor U2 equates that to the photographic department branch of sensor U1 electric bridge is in equilibrium state with the west, and brachium pontis mid point A, B current potential equate; The output terminal no-output, along with the sun westwards squints, the west partly increases to sensor U1 sensitization; East orientation sensor U2 sensitization partly reduces, electric bridge out of trim, triode Q1 conducting; From collector C1 output induced signal, handle the action of driving servo control mechanism through control system, drive catoptron 10 westwards rotates follows the tracks of the sun.When catoptron is aimed at the solar time again, east orientation sensor U2 equates that to the sensitization part of sensor U1 electric bridge restores balance with the west again.So circulation realizes the tracking of east-west direction (solar azimuth).
Mix identical circuit with north orientation sensor U4 for south orientation sensor U3, just can realize the tracking at North and South direction (sun elevation angle), physical circuit no longer details with reference to figure 6 here.
Can find out from top description, because two light activated elements on the same electric bridge are separately positioned on the both sides of shadow shield 3, along with sun skew; The sensitive volume of a sensor increases, and another sensor photosensitive amount then reduces, and one-plus-one subtracts; Variation doubles, and has strengthened gap, and electric bridge is out of trim and export control signal very easily; So the utility model control is highly sensitive, tracking accuracy is also high.
Take out the difference electric current of two sensors of shadow shield 3 symmetria bilateralis settings; Testing circuit as solar tracking control usefulness; Except that above-mentioned electric bridge, also have difference engine, comparer etc. also can reach the purpose of steady operation; Physical circuit belongs to this area mature technology, and the utility model is no longer at this detailed description.
After accomplishing at one day tracking servo, make morning next day catoptron can return east automatically, the utility model is equipped with sensor U6 at the back side of east orientation sensor correspondence position, is used to survey the sun of east initial rise.For balance, increased sensor U5 in the circuit again.Because detector is fixed on synchronous operation on the catoptron, after one day tracking finished, the detector on the catoptron was towards the west.What next day, east rose shines upon less than the positive sensor of detector, but it can shine the sensor U6 at the back side, makes triode Q2 conducting; Collector C2 exports induced signal; Drive catoptron 10 and rotate eastwards, when forwarding certain angle to, sensor U2 begins to respond to sunray; Take over the work of sensor U6, the continuity of holding signal.When detector is aimed at the sun in the east, moments later static, begin new one day tracking again, realize unattended full-automatic tracking.
Claims (10)
1. sun azimuth detector; Comprise that the east orientation sensor that receives East, West, South, North direction sun power respectively, west are to sensor, south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor; Said sensor is positioned on the plane vertical with incident sunlight; It is characterized in that said plane is divided into four parts of East, West, South, North by orthogonal first dividing plate and second partition; Wherein, the east orientation sensor lays respectively at the thing part and is symmetrically located at the first dividing plate both sides to sensor with the west, and south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor lay respectively at the north and south part and be symmetrically located at the second partition both sides; Said dividing plate is provided with shadow shield; Said shadow shield and said plane parallel; Block east orientation sensor, west part direct projection light respectively to sensor and south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor; And the east orientation sensor by part that shadow shield block is equated to sensor that with the west south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor are equated by the part that shadow shield blocks.
2. sun azimuth detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said first dividing plate and second partition are made up of a rectangular clapboard bending.
3. sun azimuth detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that said sensor is photoelectric sensor.
4. according to any described sun azimuth detector of claim 1～3, it is characterized in that said east orientation sensor, west have same model and parameter to sensor, said south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor have same model and parameter.
5. sun azimuth detector according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said east orientation sensor, west lay respectively at the different brachium pontis of electric bridge to sensor, and said electric bridge brachium pontis mid point is a signal output part; Said south orientation sensor, north orientation sensor lay respectively at the different brachium pontis of another electric bridge, and this another electric bridge brachium pontis mid point is a signal output part.
6. sun azimuth detector according to claim 5 is characterized in that, two triodes of said signal output part parallel connected in reverse phase, and the control end of two triodes connects two brachium pontis mid points respectively.
7. sun azimuth detector according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the back side of said east orientation sensor correspondence position is equipped with sensor, is used to survey the sun of east initial rise.
8. sun azimuth detector according to claim 7 is characterized in that said sensor is parallelly connected with the east orientation sensor.
9. the sun orientation automatic tracking device that constitutes by the described sun azimuth detector of claim 1; Comprise said azimuth sensor, control system and servo control mechanism; It is characterized in that; Said control system is connected with azimuth sensor, receives said azimuth sensor output signal and drives said servo control mechanism the sun is followed the tracks of.
10. the sun orientation automatic tracking device that constitutes by the described sun azimuth detector of claim 1 according to claim 9; It is characterized in that; Said control system reception east orientation sensor drives said servo control mechanism with western signal to sensor output solar azimuth is followed the tracks of, and the signal that reception south orientation sensor and north orientation sensor are exported drives said servo control mechanism the sun elevation angle is followed the tracks of.
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| CN2011202595155U CN202183051U (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Sun azimuth detector and automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof |
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| CN2011202595155U CN202183051U (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2011-07-21 | Sun azimuth detector and automatic sun azimuth tracking device composed thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331794A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-25 | 攀枝花学院 | Solar direction detector and automatic solar direction tracking device constituted thereby |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102331794A (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2012-01-25 | 攀枝花学院 | Solar direction detector and automatic solar direction tracking device constituted thereby |
| CN102331794B (en) * | 2011-07-21 | 2017-04-12 | 攀枝花学院 | Solar direction detector and automatic solar direction tracking device constituted thereby |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20120404 Termination date: 20160721 |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |