CN201986251U - Arc plasma torch with Laval negative pole structure - Google Patents

Arc plasma torch with Laval negative pole structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN201986251U
CN201986251U CN 201120087519 CN201120087519U CN201986251U CN 201986251 U CN201986251 U CN 201986251U CN 201120087519 CN201120087519 CN 201120087519 CN 201120087519 U CN201120087519 U CN 201120087519U CN 201986251 U CN201986251 U CN 201986251U
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China
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anode
negative electrode
electrode
trigger
trigger electrode
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Expired - Lifetime
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CN 201120087519
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
程昌明
兰伟
童洪辉
林建龙
赵淳
耿少飞
刘川东
朱海龙
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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Southwestern Institute of Physics
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Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of hot plasmas, in particular to an arc plasma torch with a Laval negative pole structure. The plasma torch mainly comprises a negative pole, a negative pole water-cooling jacket, a trigger electrode, a positive pole and a positive pole water-cooling jacket, wherein the negative pole is positioned in the negative pole water-cooling jacket; the trigger electrode is provided with a trigger electrode cooling water ring groove; the positive pole is positioned in the positive pole water-cooling jacket; the negative pole water-cooling jacket, the trigger electrode and the positive pole water-cooling jacket are sequentially arranged from the top down; the positive pole adopts a hollow pipeline, and the inner passage thereof adopts the Laval structure; and the Laval structure comprises a positive pole shrinkage segment, a positive pole straight segment and a positive pole expansion segment, which are arranged from the top down, further the positive pole shrinkage segment adopts an inverted disc-shaped pipeline, the positive pole straight segment adopts a column-shaped pipeline, and the positive pole expansion segment adopts an upright disc-shaped pipeline. The arc plasma torch solves the problem in the prior art that the water cooling of the negative pole and that of the positive pole are not separate, realizes that all electrodes can perform water cooling separately without mutually interference, and has the benefit of superior plasma jet velocity.

Description

Lavalle anode construction arc plasma torch
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the heat plasma technology field, is specifically related to a kind of Lavalle anode construction arc plasma torch.
Background technology
Hot plasma has characteristics such as high temperature, Gao Han, high-energy-density and atmosphere is controlled, has been widely used in fields such as cutting, welding, spraying, material preparation, waste disposal.Plasma torch requires plasma torch to have characteristics such as high stability, high efficiency and long-life in commercial Application as the generation device of hot plasma.
Generally, arc plasma torch comprises negative electrode and at least one anode, and electric arc produces between negative electrode and anode, and by working gas electric arc heat energy is taken out of, forms plasma jet.
The requirement difference of different application article on plasma body jets.Fast as plasma split requirement effluxvelocity, the intensity height; Plasma waste processing requirements jet area is long-pending big, and is active strong.The different demands of jet have proposed different requirements with regard to the structural design of article on plasma body torch, need adjust accordingly in structure (especially anode construction) design of plasma torch.
Each electrode water-cooling system of existing arc plasma torch is not independent mutually, causes leak detection, dismounting difficulty; Its anode passages structure is generally straight tubular or horn mouth expansion shape, and plasma jet speed remains further to be improved.
The utility model content
The utility model technical issues that need to address provide a kind of arc plasma torch, its each electrode respectively water-cooled, do not disturb mutually, and have higher plasma jet speed.
The technical solution of the utility model is as described below:
A kind of Lavalle anode construction arc plasma torch, comprise negative electrode, anode and water collar, described torch also comprises trigger electrode, described water collar comprises negative electrode water collar and anode water collar, wherein, negative electrode is positioned at negative electrode water collar inside, and trigger electrode self is provided with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove, anode is positioned at anode water collar inside, and negative electrode water collar, trigger electrode and anode water collar three are arranged in order from top to bottom; Described anode is the pipeline of hollow, and the Lavalle structure is adopted in its inner passage, comprises anode shrink section, anode straight section and anode expansion section from top to bottom, wherein, the anode shrink section is inverted truncated cone-shaped pipeline, and the anode straight section is a cylindrical pipe, the truncated cone-shaped pipeline that anode expansion Duan Weizheng puts.
As preferred version:
The angle of throat α of described anode shrink section is preferably 20 °, and the angle of flare β of anode expansion section is preferably 3 °.
Described negative electrode comprises tungsten electrode and red copper seat, and the red copper seat is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, and the size of tungsten electrode and red copper seat inner hollow are partly mated, and tungsten electrode is embedded in red copper seat inside; The negative electrode water collar is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, and its upper bottom surface left side is provided with the negative electrode cooling water inlet, and the right side is provided with the negative electrode coolant outlet, and inside dimension is greater than cathode size; Negative electrode is installed in the negative electrode water collar.
Described trigger electrode lateral surface is and the identical cylinder of negative electrode water collar radius that inside is provided with from the penetrating trigger region to the trigger electrode bottom surface of trigger electrode upper bottom surface; Described trigger region upper end is inverted truncated cone-shaped channel, the cylindrical passage in lower end; Sidewall between trigger region and the trigger electrode lateral surface is the formation trigger electrode cooling water annular groove of hollow; The higher position of trigger electrode lateral surface is provided with the trigger electrode cooling water inlet, and lower position is provided with the trigger electrode coolant outlet, and the two all communicates with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove.
Described anode water collar be and described anode is contour, radius greater than the trigger electrode radius, go up all open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, the higher position of its lateral surface is provided with the anode cooling water inlet, lower position is provided with the anode coolant outlet; Anode is installed in anode water collar inside, and the gap between anode and the anode water collar forms the anode cooling-water duct.
By the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator insulation, the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator is supported on the excircle of negative electrode water collar and trigger electrode joint face between described negative electrode water collar and the trigger electrode; Described negative electrode is connected with the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator, is assembled into one with the negative electrode water collar again; The first poly-tetrafluoro insulator has certain thickness, its inner gas atmosphere inlet that connects the trigger region and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to the trigger electrode upper bottom surface.
Insulate by the second poly-tetrafluoro insulator between described trigger electrode and the anode, the second poly-tetrafluoro insulator is supported on the excircle of trigger electrode and anode joint face, it has certain thickness, its inner working gas inlet that connects the anode shrink section and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to the anode upper bottom surface.
The outer surface of described negative electrode and the outer surface of anode are equipped with the spiral stream guidance groove.
Described cathode height is 18mm, and radius is 4.5mm; Described trigger electrode height is 23mm, and radius is 32.5mm, and its trigger region cylindrical channel radius is 4mm; Described anode height is 260mm, and radius is 30mm.
Described triggering is the red copper composite members very, and described anode is the red copper part.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) each electrode of Lavalle of the present utility model anode construction arc plasma torch water-cooled is not respectively disturbed mutually, is convenient to independent leak detection, dismounting;
(2) the anode interior passage adopts the Lavalle structure, has improved plasma jet speed;
(3) negative electrode and anode water-cooling channel all adopt spiral stream guidance groove structure, have increased heat transfer area, have improved cooling effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a Lavalle of the present utility model anode construction arc plasma torch profile.
Among the figure, 1-negative electrode cooling water inlet; 2-negative electrode water collar; The 3-negative electrode; 4-negative electrode coolant outlet; The 5-trigger region; The 6-gas atmosphere inlet; The 7-first poly-tetrafluoro insulator; The 8-trigger electrode; 9-working gas inlet; 10-anode shrink section; 11-anode cooling-water duct; 12-anode expansion section; 13-anode coolant outlet; 14-anode water collar; 15-anode straight section; 16-anode cooling water inlet; The 17-second poly-tetrafluoro insulator; 18-trigger electrode coolant outlet; 19-trigger electrode cooling water inlet; The 20-anode; 21-trigger electrode cooling water annular groove; 22-red copper seat.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples Lavalle of the present utility model anode construction arc plasma torch is introduced.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, Lavalle of the present utility model anode construction arc plasma torch mainly comprises negative electrode 3, negative electrode water collar 2, trigger electrode 8, anode 20 and anode water collar 14.Wherein, negative electrode 3 is positioned at negative electrode water collar 2 inside, and trigger electrode 8 self is provided with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove 21, and anode 20 is positioned at anode water collar 14 inside.Negative electrode water collar 2, trigger electrode 8 and anode water collar 14 threes are arranged in order from top to bottom.
Negative electrode 3 is a combining structure, comprises tungsten electrode and red copper seat 22.Red copper seat 22 is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, and the size of tungsten electrode and red copper seat 22 inner hollow are partly mated, and tungsten electrode is embedded in red copper seat 22 inside with hot pressing mode.Negative electrode water collar 2 is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, and its upper bottom surface left side is provided with negative electrode cooling water inlet 1, and the right side is provided with negative electrode coolant outlet 4, and inside dimension is greater than negative electrode 3 sizes.Negative electrode 3 is installed in the negative electrode water collar 2.During equipment work, cooling water flows into cooling red copper seat 22 by negative electrode cooling water inlet 1, and then cools off tungsten electrode indirectly, is discharged by negative electrode coolant outlet 4 afterwards.
Trigger electrode 8 is the red copper composite members, and its lateral surface is and the identical cylinder of negative electrode water collar 2 radiuses that inside is provided with from the penetrating trigger region 5 to trigger electrode 8 bottom surfaces of trigger electrode 8 upper bottom surfaces.Described trigger region 5 upper ends are inverted truncated cone-shaped channel, the cylindrical passage in lower end.Sidewall between trigger region 5 and trigger electrode 8 lateral surfaces is a hollow, to form trigger electrode cooling water annular groove 21.The higher position of trigger electrode 8 lateral surfaces is provided with trigger electrode cooling water inlet 19, and lower position is provided with trigger electrode coolant outlet 18, and the two all communicates with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove 21.During equipment work, cooling water flows into cooling trigger electrode 8 by trigger electrode cooling water inlet 19, is discharged by trigger electrode coolant outlet 18 afterwards.
Anode 20 is the pipeline of hollow, and material is the red copper part.The Lavalle structure is adopted in anode 20 inner passages, comprises anode shrink section 10, anode straight section 15 and anode expansion section 12 from top to bottom.Wherein, anode shrink section 10 is inverted truncated cone-shaped pipeline, and angle of throat α is preferably 20 °; Anode straight section 15 is a cylindrical pipe; The truncated cone-shaped pipeline of anode expansion section 12 for just putting, angle of flare β is preferably 3 °.Anode water collar 14 be and described anode 20 is contour, radius greater than trigger electrode 8 radiuses, go up all open hollow circular cylinders of bottom surface, the higher position of its lateral surface is provided with anode cooling water inlet 16, lower position is provided with anode coolant outlet 13.Anode 20 is installed in anode water collar 14 inside, and the gap between anode 20 and the anode water collar 14 forms anode cooling-water duct 11.During equipment work, cooling water flows into anode cooling-water duct 11 with cooling anodes 20 by anode cooling water inlet 16, is discharged by anode coolant outlet 13 afterwards.
Insulate by the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator 7 between described negative electrode water collar 2 and the trigger electrode 8.The first poly-tetrafluoro insulator 7 is supported on the excircle of negative electrode water collar 2 and trigger electrode 8 joint faces.Described negative electrode 3 is connected with the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator 7, is assembled into one with negative electrode water collar 2 again.The first poly-tetrafluoro insulator 7 has certain thickness, its inner gas atmosphere inlet 6 that connects the trigger region 5 and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to trigger electrode 8 upper bottom surfaces.
Insulate by the second poly-tetrafluoro insulator 17 between described trigger electrode 8 and the anode 20.The second poly-tetrafluoro insulator 17 is supported on the excircle of trigger electrode 8 and anode 20 joint faces, and it has certain thickness, its inner working gas inlet 9 that connects the anode shrink section 10 and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to anode 20 upper bottom surfaces.
During equipment work; between negative electrode 3 and trigger electrode 8, charge into protective gas such as nitrogen, argon gas by gas atmosphere inlet 6; between trigger electrode 8 and anode 20, charge into working gass such as air, nitrogen, argon gas, steam by working gas inlet 9; start plasma torch; protective gas between negative electrode 3 and the trigger electrode 8 is punctured; the break trigger utmost point 8 then; plasma arc is just set up between negative electrode 3 and anode 20, and the anode 20 outlet ejections from being positioned at anode expansion section 12 bottoms.Adjust protective gas, working gas flow and arc current, can obtain plasma jet stable under the different capacity.
As preferred size, described negative electrode 3 highly is 18mm, and radius is 4.5mm; Described trigger electrode 8 highly is 23mm, and radius is 32.5mm, and its trigger region 5 cylindrical channel radiuses are 4mm; Described anode 20 highly is 260mm, and radius is 30mm.
Embodiment 2
The difference of present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: the outer surface of the red copper seat 22 of described negative electrode 3 and the outer surface of anode 20 are equipped with the spiral stream guidance groove, and it can make cooling water moving along the spiral stream guidance concentrated flow, has increased heat-conducting area.

Claims (10)

1. Lavalle anode construction arc plasma torch, comprise negative electrode (3), anode (20) and water collar, it is characterized in that: described torch also comprises trigger electrode (8), described water collar comprises negative electrode water collar (2) and anode water collar (14), wherein, negative electrode (3) is positioned at negative electrode water collar (2) inside, trigger electrode (8) self is provided with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove (21), anode (20) is positioned at anode water collar (14) inside, and negative electrode water collar (2), trigger electrode (8) and anode water collar (14) three are arranged in order from top to bottom; Described anode (20) is the pipeline of hollow, the Lavalle structure is adopted in its inner passage, comprise anode shrink section (10), anode straight section (15) and anode expansion section (12) from top to bottom, wherein, anode shrink section (10) is inverted truncated cone-shaped pipeline, anode straight section (15) is a cylindrical pipe, the truncated cone-shaped pipeline of anode expansion section (12) for just putting.
2. Lavalle according to claim 1 anode construction arc plasma torch is characterized in that: the angle of throat α of described anode shrink section (10) is 20 °, and the angle of flare β of anode expansion section (12) is 3 °.
3. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch, it is characterized in that: described negative electrode (3) comprises tungsten electrode and red copper seat (22), red copper seat (22) is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, the size of tungsten electrode and red copper seat (22) inner hollow are partly mated, and tungsten electrode is embedded in red copper seat (22) inside; Negative electrode water collar (2) is the open hollow circular cylinder of bottom surface, and its upper bottom surface left side is provided with negative electrode cooling water inlet (1), and the right side is provided with negative electrode coolant outlet (4), and inside dimension is greater than negative electrode (3) size; Negative electrode (3) is installed in the negative electrode water collar (2).
4. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch, it is characterized in that: described trigger electrode (8) lateral surface is and the identical cylinder of negative electrode water collar (2) radius that inside is provided with from the penetrating trigger region (5) to trigger electrode (8) bottom surface of trigger electrode (8) upper bottom surface; Described trigger region (5) upper end is inverted truncated cone-shaped channel, the cylindrical passage in lower end; Sidewall between trigger region (5) and trigger electrode (8) lateral surface is the formation trigger electrode cooling water annular groove (21) of hollow; The higher position of trigger electrode (8) lateral surface is provided with trigger electrode cooling water inlet (19), and lower position is provided with trigger electrode coolant outlet (18), and the two all communicates with trigger electrode cooling water annular groove (21).
5. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch, it is characterized in that: described anode water collar (14) is and described anode (20) hollow circular cylinder contour, that radius is all opened greater than bottom surface trigger electrode (8) radius, last, the higher position of its lateral surface is provided with anode cooling water inlet (16), and lower position is provided with anode coolant outlet (13); Anode (20) is installed in anode water collar (14) inside, and the gap between anode (20) and the anode water collar (14) forms anode cooling-water duct (11).
6. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch, it is characterized in that: by first poly-tetrafluoro insulator (7) insulation, the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator (7) is supported on the excircle of negative electrode water collar (2) and trigger electrode (8) joint face between described negative electrode water collar (2) and the trigger electrode (8); Described negative electrode (3) is connected with the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator (7), is assembled into one with negative electrode water collar (2) again; The inner gas atmosphere inlet (6) that connects the trigger region (5) and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to trigger electrode (8) upper bottom surface of the first poly-tetrafluoro insulator (7).
7. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch, it is characterized in that: insulate by the second poly-tetrafluoro insulator (17) between described trigger electrode (8) and the anode (20), the second poly-tetrafluoro insulator (17) is supported on the excircle of trigger electrode (8) and anode (20) joint face, its inner working gas inlet (9) that connects the anode shrink section (10) and the equipment external world that is provided with along the direction that is parallel to anode (20) upper bottom surface.
8. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch is characterized in that: the outer surface of the outer surface of described negative electrode (3) and anode (20) is equipped with the spiral stream guidance groove.
9. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch is characterized in that: described negative electrode (3) highly is 18mm, and radius is 4.5mm; Described trigger electrode (8) highly is 23mm, and radius is 32.5mm, and its trigger region (5) cylindrical channel radius is 4mm; Described anode (20) highly is 260mm, and radius is 30mm.
10. Lavalle according to claim 1 and 2 anode construction arc plasma torch is characterized in that: described trigger electrode (8) is the red copper composite members, and described anode (20) is the red copper part.
CN 201120087519 2011-03-29 2011-03-29 Arc plasma torch with Laval negative pole structure Expired - Lifetime CN201986251U (en)

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Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102364994A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-02-29 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathodic arc controller for low-temperature plasma generator
CN102368888A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-07 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathode terminal of low temperature plasma generator
CN102368887A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-07 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathode assembly of low temperature plasma generator
CN102387652A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-21 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cooling device of plasmas cathode subassembly
CN103458602A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-18 南京理工大学 Electrode water-cooling integrated supersonic speed plasma torch
CN103906337A (en) * 2014-04-27 2014-07-02 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 Plasma torch for dielectric heating
WO2015007068A1 (en) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-22 核工业西南物理研究院 Supersonic molecular beam injecting device
CN105578697A (en) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 核工业西南物理研究院 Novel double-anode plasma torch
CN105704903A (en) * 2016-03-16 2016-06-22 北京交通大学 Discharging electrode structure generated by vacuum plasmas based on magnetic field effects
CN108770172A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-11-06 西安空天能源动力智能制造研究院有限公司 A kind of DC arc plasma jet for hazardous waste disposal
CN109862682A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-07 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 Plasma generator water-cooled cathode head
CN110167247A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-23 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of multistage expansion segment electrode jet pipe of high power thermal plasma torch
CN110505747A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-26 河北宝炬新材料科技有限公司 A kind of laminar flow electric arc plasma generator
CN110856332A (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-02-28 四川铁匠科技有限公司 Cathode structure of arc laminar plasma beam generator
CN112911778A (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-06-04 核工业西南物理研究院 Plasma generator for powder spheroidizing or fine coating
WO2022082887A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-28 江苏天楹等离子体科技有限公司 Novel direct current plasma generator

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102364994A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-02-29 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathodic arc controller for low-temperature plasma generator
CN102368888A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-07 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathode terminal of low temperature plasma generator
CN102368887A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-07 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cathode assembly of low temperature plasma generator
CN102387652A (en) * 2011-09-28 2012-03-21 南京创能电力科技开发有限公司 Cooling device of plasmas cathode subassembly
WO2015007068A1 (en) * 2013-07-18 2015-01-22 核工业西南物理研究院 Supersonic molecular beam injecting device
CN103458602A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-18 南京理工大学 Electrode water-cooling integrated supersonic speed plasma torch
CN103906337A (en) * 2014-04-27 2014-07-02 衢州昀睿工业设计有限公司 Plasma torch for dielectric heating
CN105578697A (en) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 核工业西南物理研究院 Novel double-anode plasma torch
CN105704903A (en) * 2016-03-16 2016-06-22 北京交通大学 Discharging electrode structure generated by vacuum plasmas based on magnetic field effects
CN105704903B (en) * 2016-03-16 2019-03-05 北京交通大学 A kind of discharge electrode structure that the vacuum plasma based on magnetic fields generates
CN108770172A (en) * 2018-08-06 2018-11-06 西安空天能源动力智能制造研究院有限公司 A kind of DC arc plasma jet for hazardous waste disposal
CN108770172B (en) * 2018-08-06 2023-09-26 重庆新离子环境科技有限公司 DC arc plasma torch for dangerous waste treatment
CN109862682A (en) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-07 成都金创立科技有限责任公司 Plasma generator water-cooled cathode head
CN110167247A (en) * 2019-05-10 2019-08-23 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 A kind of multistage expansion segment electrode jet pipe of high power thermal plasma torch
CN110856332A (en) * 2019-07-09 2020-02-28 四川铁匠科技有限公司 Cathode structure of arc laminar plasma beam generator
CN110856332B (en) * 2019-07-09 2024-02-27 四川铁匠科技有限公司 Cathode structure of electric arc laminar flow plasma beam generator
CN110505747A (en) * 2019-09-05 2019-11-26 河北宝炬新材料科技有限公司 A kind of laminar flow electric arc plasma generator
CN112911778A (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-06-04 核工业西南物理研究院 Plasma generator for powder spheroidizing or fine coating
WO2022082887A1 (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-28 江苏天楹等离子体科技有限公司 Novel direct current plasma generator

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