CN201964952U - Three-dimensional space vibration measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a three-dimensional space vibration measuring device, which particularly comprises a bracket, three stay-type displacement sensors and a processor, wherein the bracket is provided with three mounting parts, and the mounting parts are positioned on the three mutually-perpendicular axes, namely, x, y and z of the coordinate system of the three-dimensional space respectively; the stay-type displacement sensors comprise main bodies (4, 5 and 6) and stays (4', 5' and 6') pulled out from the main bodies, the main bodies are mounted on the mounting parts respectively, and the tail ends of the stays can be intersected at station (7) in the space limited by the main bodies and the origin (O) of the coordinate system of the three-dimensional space; and the processor is communicated with the three stay-type displacement sensors through a collecting device, so as to process the obtained data. The three-dimensional space vibration measuring device provided by the utility model is simple and direct in processing the measurement signal, and can obtain more correct vibration displacement value; and has simple structure, is convenient to mount, has low cost, and the vibration measuring method is simple to operate and easy to execute.

Description

Three dimensions vibration measuring device

Technical field

The utility model relates to three dimensions vibration measuring device.

Background technology

In the heavy industry mechanical field, has long-armed shelf structure in some complete machines (for example pump truck).More or less there is vibration in end at work duration jib structure, both might influence the location of workplace, also might produce security incident.After entire machine design develops, be necessary before dispatching from the factory, to carry out test in this respect, to guarantee user's normal use.But in vibration-testing, single-degree-of-freedom vibration measuring device is more common, and the three dimensions vibration measuring also lacks corresponding device thereof.

In the prior art, the following dual mode test vibration of general employing: (1) existing long-range vibration-testing generally is the acceleration signal that at first records testee, again signal is carried out quadratic integral and removes the trend term processing, thereby obtain the vibration displacement signal; (2) adopt three laser position sensor detectors (PSD) to form an integrated laser measurement system, can be used for the accurate measurement of space flexible rod member pose deviation.

Above-mentioned two kinds of vibration measuring modes have corresponding shortcoming respectively.The shortcoming of first kind of mode is: owing to what at first record is acceleration signal, just there is certain error in itself, can further amplify by error behind the quadratic integral, and frequency content and interfering frequency composition for measurand are not understood, when filtering, be difficult to carry out frequency and block, so the vibration displacement signal that finally obtains has bigger distortion.The shortcoming of the second way is: when determining flexible rod member pose deviation, after measuring the rotational angle of flexible rod member, also need to know its amount of deflection deviation, could obtain the accurate displacement of flexible rod member then indirectly.And the end that destroys flexible rod member except need also need fix a laser beam emitting device at the front end of flexible rod member so that fixedly the PSD integrating device, and system is rather complicated, and cost is also than higher.

The utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of three dimensions vibration measuring device, to solve vibration measuring apparatus structure complexity in the aforesaid prior art, cost height and the not high problem of measuring accuracy.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above,, provide a kind of three dimensions vibration measuring device according to an aspect of the present utility model, especially, the vibration measuring device comprises: support, have three installation portions, and installation portion is positioned respectively on orthogonal three axis of three dimensional space coordinate system; Three stay-supported displacement transducers, each stay-supported displacement transducer comprises body and the backguy of pulling out from body, and body is installed in respectively on the installation portion, and the end of backguy can intersect at the measuring point in the space that the initial point by body and three dimensional space coordinate system limits; And processor, communicate by letter with three stay-supported displacement transducers and handle the data that obtained by harvester.

Further, support comprises three support arms that extend along three axis respectively, and each support arm comprises first end and second opposed end, and first end is rigidly connected, and three installation portions are arranged on respectively on three support arms.

Further, the equal in length of three support arms.

Further, installation portion is installed on second end, and body is installed on the installation portion.

Further, installation portion comprises the installing plate that is fixedly connected to described second end.

Further, installation portion comprises carriage and is connected in the installing plate of carriage rotationally.

Further, three support arms are slim-lined construction, and are provided with the bearing diagonal reinforcement between at least two support arms in three support arms.

Further, three support arms are made by three angle steel, and the bearing diagonal reinforcement is a steel plate.

The utlity model has following technique effect:

At first, adopt according to three dimensions vibration measuring device of the present utility model, simply direct to the processing of measuring-signal, can obtain more accurate vibration displacement value;

Secondly, simple, easy for installation according to three dimensions vibration measuring apparatus structure of the present utility model, cost is low, and three dimensions vibration measuring device of the present utility model is simple to operate, easy to implement.

Should be appreciated that above generality is described and the following detailed description is all enumerated and illustrative, purpose is in order to provide further instruction to claimed the utility model.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing constitutes the part of this instructions, is used to help further understand the utility model.These accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and are used for illustrating principle of the present utility model with instructions, in the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is the view that has schematically shown the principle of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 shows the schematic perspective view according to the three dimensions vibration measuring device of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 shows the schematic perspective view according to the sensor installation portion of the three dimensions vibration measuring device of a preferred embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 shows the schematic, exploded, isometric illustration of the sensor installation portion among Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 shows the schematic perspective view according to the three dimensions vibration measuring device of second embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 6 shows the schematic perspective view according to the sensor installation portion of the three dimensions vibration measuring device of second embodiment of the present utility model.

Embodiment

Describe embodiment of the present utility model in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.It should be noted that hereinafter only the utility model feature unlike the prior art to be described,, just do not given unnecessary details here for the technical characterictic that can find in the prior art.

For ease of understanding, ultimate principle of the present utility model is described at first simply.Three dimensions vibration measuring device of the present utility model is measured the vibration displacement signal of testee on corresponding three directions with three stay-supported displacement transducers, use the space coordinate conversion method then, the signal of three stay-supported displacement transducers is changed into three vibration displacements on the mutually perpendicular degree of freedom.

At first with reference to Fig. 2, introduce a preferred embodiment of three dimensions vibration measuring device of the present utility model, this vibration measuring device comprises: the support that the support arm 1,2,3 of the equal in length of being made by three angle steel is formed, first end of three support arms 1,2,3 is rigidly connected to together and limits the initial point O of three dimensional space coordinate system by bolt, three support arms 1,2,3 extend from this initial point O is vertical mutually; Three stay-supported displacement transducers, each sensor comprises body 4,5,6 and the backguy 4 ', 5 ', 6 ' of pulling out from these bodies, these bodies 4,5,6 be installed in three support arms 1,2,3 respectively with the first end second opposed end on, the end of backguy can intersect at by the measuring point 7 in 1,2,3 restriceted envelopes of three support arms; And the processor (not shown) of computing machine for example, communicate by letter with three stay-supported displacement transducers and handle the data that obtained by the harvester (not shown).

In order to strengthen the steadiness of vibration measuring device of the present utility model, further, between three support arms 1,2,3, also be provided with the bearing diagonal reinforcement of making by steel plate 8,9,10.Certainly, the utility model is not limited between all three support arms the bearing diagonal reinforcement is set all, also can realize by part reinforcement mode, for example, the support reinforcing part only is set between two support arms.

Should be noted that, in the present embodiment, though three support arms the 1,2, the 3rd are made by three angle steel, and bearing diagonal reinforcement 8,9,10 is a steel plate, but what will be understood by those skilled in the art that is, the utility model is not limited thereto, and any suitable other materials is also included within the scope of the present utility model.

In addition, installation portion on three support arms 1,2,3 of embodiment shown in Fig. 2 preferably includes interconnective installing plate 11 and fixedlys connected (for example by welding) with one that is positioned at these installing plate 11 belows to the carriage 14 of support arm, has the connecting hole 13 that the web member (not shown) on the body with the stay-supported displacement transducer matches on the installing plate 11.Preferably, installing plate 11 is connected by rotation axis 12 with carriage 14, and moving axis 12 freely rotates in 180 degree scopes thereby installing plate 11 can rotate, particularly referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

What those having ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that is, installing plate 11 guarantees that below by a rotation axis 12 it freely rotates, the backguy 4 ', 5 ', 6 ' that can guarantee the stay-supported displacement transducer like this is flexible along Way out, to reduce the friction force of backguy, also can guarantee the precision of testing simultaneously.

In addition, second embodiment that simplifies more according to structure of the present utility model, with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, installation portion is that to the installing plate (specifically being a bending plate 15) of support arm, the body of backguy sensor is installed on this bending plate 15 one fixedly connected (for example by welding).Be understandable that,, also can realize the purpose of this utility model though this mounting means can not be realized servo-actuated.

In order to understand the utility model better, further describe below with reference to Fig. 1-Fig. 3 and in conjunction with the concrete operations of this device.At first, this three dimensions vibration measuring device is fixed on ground or the platform of an energy near the measured point.Be understandable that,, if necessary, also can press it to fix, or fix with any way known in the art by a weight because the deadweight of these support arms 1,2,3 itself can be easy to be fixed on ground or the platform.Then, (imagination certainly on the installing plate that the body 4,5,6 of the stay-supported displacement transducer of three suitable ranges is fixed on separately, these stay-supported displacement transducers are installed in corresponding position always), and backguy pulled out by securing member be fixed on the measuring point 7 of testee, the limit movement that guarantees testee is in the scope of x+y+z＞a.

Following mask body describes how to calculate the relevant shift value of vibration by the value that obtains from the backguy sensor in detail with reference to Fig. 1.A is the cubical length of side (length of corresponding three support arms 1,2,3) among Fig. 1, L ₁, L ₂, L ₃Be respectively the backguy length that is installed in the backguy sensor on three axis x, y, the z, satisfy following relation with corresponding coordinate:

$L_1^2-z^2-y^2={(a-x)}^2---\left(1\right)$

$L_2^2=x^2-z^2={(a-y)}^2---\left(2\right)$

$L_3^2-x^2-y^2={(a-z)}^2---\left(3\right)$

Simultaneous can solve:

$L_1^2-L_3^2=2a(z-x)---\left(4\right)$

$L_1^2-L_2^2=2a(y-x)---\left(5\right)$

So:

$z=\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2}{2a}+x---\left(6\right)$

$y=\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2}{2a}+x---\left(7\right)$

In generation, returns formula (1) and gets:

$L_1^2-{(\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2}{2a}+x)}^2-{(\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2}{2a}+x)}^2={(a-x)}^2---\left(\text{8}\right)$

Put in order:

${3x}^2+(\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2}{2a}+\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2}{2a})x+{\left(\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2}{2a}\right)}^2+{\left(\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2}{2a}\right)}^2+a^2-L_1^2=0---\left(9\right)$

So just can obtain two groups and separate (x ₁, y ₁, z ₁), (x ₂, y ₂, z ₂).

Above two to separate in fact all be possible, respectively exist one to separate on the both sides of plane x+y+z=a.But in fact to separate be unique in the vibration of jib, so need accept or reject separating.For ease of accepting or rejecting, the position of measuring point is limited to the side away from initial point of plane x+y+z=a, be about to measuring point 7 and be limited in the expressed space of x+y+z＞a.Be understandable that,, therefore be easy to the position of measuring point is limited because Oscillation Amplitude is very little for three spaces that support arm limited.

The data of the stay-supported displacement transducer that records are carried out coordinate conversion, can obtain the vibration displacement signal of three degree of freedom direction.After beginning to gather, need be made as (x to the coordinate that solves the zero hour ₀, y ₀, z ₀).Thus, by coordinate after the vibration and initial coordinate poor, can obtain the vibration displacement of any time:

d _xt＝x _t-x ₀ (10)

d _yt＝y _t-y ₀ (11)

d _zt＝z _t-z ₀ (12)

It should be understood that in the above-mentioned preferred embodiment of the present utility model the equal in length of three support arms.And for the generalized case that three arm length do not wait, be fit to the utility model equally.Below this situation is described in detail, a, b, c are respectively the length of three support arms, for the ease of the choice of coordinate, with the limit movement of testee in the scope of x/a+y/b+z/c＞1.L ₁, L ₂, L ₃Be respectively the backguy length that is installed in three backguy sensors on the axis, satisfy following relation with corresponding coordinate:

$L_1^2-z^2-y^2={(a-y)}^2---\left(13\right)$

$L_2^2-x^2-z^2={(b-y)}^2---\left(14\right)$

$L_3^2-x^2-y^2={(c-z)}^2---\left(15\right)$

Simultaneous can solve:

$L_1^2-L_3^2=a^2-c^2-2\mathrm{ax}+2\mathrm{cz}---\left(16\right)$

$L_1^2-L_2^2=a^2-b^2-2\mathrm{ax}+2\mathrm{by}---\left(17\right)$

So:

$z=\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2-a^2+c^2}{2c}+\frac{a}{c}x---\left(18\right)$

$y=\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2-a^2+b^2}{2b}+\frac{a}{b}x---\left(19\right)$

In generation, returns formula (1) and gets:

$L_1^2-{(\frac{L_1^2-L_3^2-a^2+c^2}{2c}+\frac{a}{c}x)}^2-{(\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2-a^2+b^2}{2b}+\frac{a}{b}x)}^2={(a-x)}^2---\left(20\right)$

Put in order:

$(1+\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{a^2}{c^2})x^2+[\frac{a}{c^2}(L_1^2-L_3^2-a^2)+\frac{a}{b^2}(L_1^2-L_2^2-a^2)]x$

$+{\left(\frac{L_1^2-L_2^2-a^2+b^2}{\text{2b}}\right)}^2+{\left(\frac{L_1^2-L_3-a^2+c^2}{2c}\right)}^2+a^2{-L}_1^2=0---\left(21\right)$

So just can obtain two groups and separate (x ₁, y ₁, z ₁), (x ₂, y ₂, z ₂).

Above two to separate in fact all be possible, respectively exist one to separate on the both sides of plane x/a+y/b+z/c=1.But it is unique that the vibration of jib is here separated, so need accept or reject separating.For ease of accepting or rejecting, the position of measuring point is limited to the side away from initial point of plane x/a+y/b+z/c=1, be about to measuring point and be limited in the expressed space, x/a+y/b+z/c＞1.Be understandable that equally,, therefore be easy to the position of measuring point is limited because Oscillation Amplitude is very little for three spaces that support arm limited.

The data of the stay-supported displacement transducer that records are carried out coordinate conversion, can obtain the vibration displacement signal of three degree of freedom direction.After beginning to gather, need be made as (x to the coordinate that solves the zero hour ₀, y ₀, z ₀).Thus, by coordinate after the vibration and initial coordinate poor, can obtain the vibration displacement of any time:

d _xt＝x _t-x ₀ (22)

d _yt＝y _t-y ₀ (23)

d _zt＝z _t-z ₀ (24)

By above-mentioned two kinds of different embodiments as can be known, can measure the vibration displacement of long-armed shelf structure according to three-dimensional vibration measuring device of the present utility model more accurately, simultaneously can be in order to check three dimensions vibration displacement test based on Wireless Acceleration Sensor.

Further, though the utility model relates to orthogonal three dimensions, can be by being that coordinate in the vertical three dimensions is realized the utility model with the coordinate conversion in the three dimensions of other form but it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that also.

The above is a preferred embodiment of the present utility model only, is not limited to the utility model, and for a person skilled in the art, the utility model can have various changes and variation.All any modifications of within spirit of the present utility model and principle, being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the protection domain of the present utility model.

Claims (8)

1. a three dimensions vibration measuring device is characterized in that, described vibration measuring device comprises:

Support has three installation portions, and described installation portion is positioned respectively on orthogonal three axis of three dimensional space coordinate system;

Three stay-supported displacement transducers, each described stay-supported displacement transducer comprises body and the backguy of pulling out from described body, described body is installed in respectively on the described installation portion, and the end of described backguy can intersect at the measuring point in the space that the initial point by described body and described three dimensional space coordinate system limits; And

Processor is communicated by letter with described three stay-supported displacement transducers and is handled the data that obtained by harvester.

2. three dimensions vibration measuring device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support comprises three support arms that extend along described three axis respectively, each described support arm comprises first end and second opposed end, described first end is rigidly connected, and described three installation portions are arranged on respectively on described three support arms.

3. three dimensions vibration measuring device according to claim 2 is characterized in that the equal in length of described three support arms.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described three dimensions vibration measuring devices, it is characterized in that described installation portion is installed on described second end, and described body is installed on the described installation portion.

5. three dimensions vibration measuring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that described installation portion comprises the installing plate that is fixedly connected to described second end.

6. three dimensions vibration measuring device according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described installation portion comprises carriage and is connected in the installing plate of described carriage rotationally.

7. according to claim 2 or 3 described three dimensions vibration measuring devices, it is characterized in that described three support arms are slim-lined construction, and be provided with the bearing diagonal reinforcement between at least two support arms in described three support arms.

8. three dimensions vibration measuring device according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described three support arms are made by three angle steel, and described bearing diagonal reinforcement is a steel plate.

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