CN201804582U - 一种耐高温电缆 - Google Patents
一种耐高温电缆 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN201804582U CN201804582U CN2010202646612U CN201020264661U CN201804582U CN 201804582 U CN201804582 U CN 201804582U CN 2010202646612 U CN2010202646612 U CN 2010202646612U CN 201020264661 U CN201020264661 U CN 201020264661U CN 201804582 U CN201804582 U CN 201804582U
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- cable
- temperature
- layer
- temperature resistant
- resistant cable
- Prior art date
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicium dioxide Chemical compound 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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound 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[Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004703 cross-linked polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000181 Ethylene propylene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum Chemical compound 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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/14—Extreme weather resilient electric power supply systems, e.g. strengthening power lines or underground power cables
Abstract
一种耐高温电缆，其特征在于：所述耐高温电缆包括由多根包裹有绝缘材料层的导体组成的线芯、依次包裹在线芯外的采用若干层云母带绕包而成的隔热层、由编织玻璃丝护层或玻璃丝带绕包而成的加强层、由涂覆在加强层外的硅胶构成的防水材料层、以及充填在隔热层内的由玻璃纤维构成的填充料。本实用新型采用普通的橡/塑材料做绝缘，使用无机材料做护层。在满足相同使用环境的前提下，本实用新型比传统的耐高温电缆更适合在高温场合下使用，结构合理，使用寿命长、经济、安全，特别适用于短时间内在高温环境中使用的电力电缆、控制电缆和信号电缆，还可以作为阻燃、防火型电缆使用。
Description
一种耐高温电缆
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及一种电缆，具体说是涉及一种耐高温电缆。 背景技术
[0002] 在某些场合，电缆需要在高温条件下使用。因此，在高温下如何保证电缆不被 击穿，具有合理的使用寿命，是电缆设计的必须解决的课题。
[0003] 通常热量的产生来自于两个方面，一方面源自于内部，即导体发热。当电流 通过导体，由于导体电阻的存在，传输中的一部分电能转化为热能，使电缆内部温度升 高，导体作为发热体，它在电缆中的温度最高，其次是绝缘，再其次是护套。导体产 生热量的多少与导体电阻成正比关系，在同一载流量的条件下电阻越大产生的热量就越 多。另一个方面热量的产生来自于电缆外部，即环境温度的影响，这里还可以分为持续 高温和瞬间高温。在这种情况下，电缆表面温度为最高。
[0004] 不管热量来自于何方，电缆在高温下运行就会造成电缆组成元件的损伤或寿命 缩短。通常解决电缆高温环境下使用的方法有两种。一是加大导体截面，减小导体电 阻，抑制导体温度的过度升高，例如设定电缆的载流量；第二种方法是选用耐温等级高 的材料，提高电缆的长期工作温度，例如采用氟塑料、氟橡胶、硅橡胶等耐高温材料做 绝缘或护套，这种方法在持续环境高温的场合使用比较合理，可以提高电缆的长期工作 温度，延长产品使用寿命，但在瞬时高温的场合就存在着许多不合理性。
[0005] 在许多使用场合，电缆大部分时间里的使用温度并不高，而只是在一些意外情 况下，电缆的环境温度才会短时间内提高，例如在钢厂高炉旁边敷设的电缆通常的环境 温度在30〜50°C，普通的常温电缆完全可以满足使用要求，但如果遇到钢水喷溅，落 到电缆上，电缆的局部温度瞬间提高到千度以上，造成短时和局部的高温。在这种情况 下，即使是使用高温电缆也不一定完全满足使用要求。我国目前常规的做法是采用氟 塑料绝缘、硅橡胶或聚氯乙烯护套的耐高温电缆。这种做法的缺点在于电缆通常是在常 温下使用，不需要很高的耐温等级，普通的交联聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯材料就能满足使用要 求。在意外情况下当高温物质落到电缆上时电缆护层材料又不能完全抵御高温的侵蚀， 事后电缆还是要修理或更换。况且，氟塑料、硅橡胶材料价格昂贵，电缆造价很高，经 济性差。
发明内容
[0006] 本实用新型的目的正是针对上述现有技术中需要解决的问题而提供一种以无机 物或矿物质材料为保护层的新型耐高温电缆，以适应在高温场合下使用的需要。
[0007] 本实用新型的目的可通过以下技术措施来实现：
[0008] 本实用新型的耐高温电缆包括由多根包裹有绝缘材料层的导体组成的线芯、依 次包裹在线芯外的采用若干层云母带绕包而成的隔热层、由编织玻璃丝护层或玻璃丝带 绕包而成的加强层、由涂覆在加强层外的硅胶构成的防水材料层、以及充填在隔热层内的由玻璃纤维构成的填充料。
[0009] 本实用新型的有益效果如下：
[0010] 本实用新型采用普通的橡/塑材料做绝缘，使用无机材料做护层。在满足相同 使用环境的前提下，本实用新型比传统的耐高温电缆更适合在高温场合下使用，结构合 理，使用寿命长、经济、安全，特别适用于短时间内在高温环境中使用的电力电缆、控 制电缆和信号电缆，还可以作为阻燃、防火型电缆使用。
附图说明
[0011] 图1为本实用新型的第一种实施方式的横截面结构示意图。
[0012] 图2为本实用新型的第二种实施方式的横截面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0013] 本实用新型以下将结合实施例（附图）作进一步描述：
[0014] 如图1、2所示，本实用新型的耐高温电缆包括由多根包裹有绝缘材料层2的导 体1组成的线芯、依次包裹在线芯外的采用若干层云母带绕包而成的隔热层4、由编织玻 璃丝护层或玻璃丝带绕包而成的加强层5、由涂覆在加强层外的硅胶构成的防水材料层 6、以及充填在隔热层内的由玻璃纤维构成的填充料3。
[0015] 更具体讲：本实用新型中所述的导体采用实心或绞合铜线（因为铜的导电性能 好，传输容量大。铜的熔点1083°C，比铝高400多度，在出现意外高温的情况下，抵御 高温的能力比铝强得多），其性能满足国家标准GB/T3956-2008《电缆的导体》中的相 关要求。
[0016] 绝缘采用挤包的聚乙烯、交联聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯、乙丙橡胶等橡胶、塑料材料 中的一种，介电性能良好，标准规定聚氯乙烯的长期工作温度为65°C、交联聚乙烯为 90°C、乙丙橡胶为90°C，能够满足电缆在正常情况下使用。
[0017] 填充材料采用无机材料，如玻璃纤维的填充绳。
[0018] 由隔热层、加强层以及防水材料层共同组成的护套层是本实用新型的关键点， 它除了应具有保护缆芯不受机械外力作用，隔绝潮气、化学物质对电缆的侵蚀功能之 外，更重要的功能应是隔热，防止瞬间高温灼伤缆芯。普通的高分子材料在200°C左右开 始分解，耐温等级较好的氟塑料、硅橡胶在300〜400°C之间也会发生分解，均不能满足 高温电缆的使用要求。因此，本实用新型采用了云母带、编织玻璃丝护层、硅胶涂层组 合结构。云母带起着隔热、防止高温灼伤缆芯的作用，在1000°C的温度范围内，它不会 损失；玻璃丝护层起到加强的作用，可防止机械外力的作用，材料本身也具有良好的耐 高温功能；硅胶涂层的作用是防潮和防止腐蚀性物质侵蚀。由于护套材料基本上以无机 材料为主，因护套材料老化引起的寿命问题可以忽略不计。
Claims (1)
1. 一种耐高温电缆，其特征在于：所述耐高温电缆包括由多根包裹有绝缘材料层的 导体组成的线芯、依次包裹在线芯外的采用若干层云母带绕包而成的隔热层、由编织玻 璃丝护层或玻璃丝带绕包而成的加强层、由涂覆在加强层外的硅胶构成的防水材料层、 以及充填在隔热层内的由玻璃纤维构成的填充料。
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102543293A (zh) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 上海摩恩电气股份有限公司 | 大长度防潮防火软电缆 |
| CN102916279A (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 巴斯威尔股份有限公司 | 电力传输总线填充材料及其应用 |
| CN103915185A (zh) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-07-09 | 安徽省高沟电缆有限公司 | 一种煤矿用耐油防水抗腐蚀双屏蔽控制电缆 |
| CN103971827A (zh) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-08-06 | 安徽徽宁电器仪表集团有限公司 | 一种带有四角星形骨架的传输控制电缆 |
| CN105869749A (zh) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽华能电缆集团有限公司 | 一种耐高温航空电缆 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102916279A (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2013-02-06 | 巴斯威尔股份有限公司 | 电力传输总线填充材料及其应用 |
| CN102916279B (zh) * | 2011-08-04 | 2016-01-27 | 巴斯威尔股份有限公司 | 电力传输总线填充材料及其应用 |
| CN102543293A (zh) * | 2011-12-08 | 2012-07-04 | 上海摩恩电气股份有限公司 | 大长度防潮防火软电缆 |
| CN103915185A (zh) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-07-09 | 安徽省高沟电缆有限公司 | 一种煤矿用耐油防水抗腐蚀双屏蔽控制电缆 |
| CN103971827A (zh) * | 2014-04-24 | 2014-08-06 | 安徽徽宁电器仪表集团有限公司 | 一种带有四角星形骨架的传输控制电缆 |
| CN105869749A (zh) * | 2016-05-18 | 2016-08-17 | 安徽华能电缆集团有限公司 | 一种耐高温航空电缆 |
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