CN201797425U - 永磁无铁芯电动轮毂 - Google Patents

永磁无铁芯电动轮毂 Download PDF

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CN201797425U
CN201797425U CN201020517740XU CN201020517740U CN201797425U CN 201797425 U CN201797425 U CN 201797425U CN 201020517740X U CN201020517740X U CN 201020517740XU CN 201020517740 U CN201020517740 U CN 201020517740U CN 201797425 U CN201797425 U CN 201797425U
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rotor
stator
permanent magnet
main shaft
coil windings
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林慧生
张家业
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/02—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle
    • B60B27/023—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle specially adapted for bicycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/0047—Hubs characterised by functional integration of other elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B27/00—Hubs
    • B60B27/02—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle
    • B60B27/04—Hubs adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle housing driving means, e.g. sprockets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K7/0007—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/043—Transmission unit disposed in on near the vehicle wheel, or between the differential gear unit and the wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0038—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor moving together with the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K7/00—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel
    • B60K2007/0092—Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel the motor axle being coaxial to the wheel axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/12—Bikes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2220/00—Electrical machine types; Structures or applications thereof
    • B60L2220/40—Electrical machine applications
    • B60L2220/44—Wheel Hub motors, i.e. integrated in the wheel hub
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本实用新型涉及动力部件技术领域，特指一种适用于电动自行车、电动摩托车或电动汽车的轮毂。它包括有主轴、外壳及安装在外壳内的定子和转子，外壳通过轴承安装在主轴上并通过变速组与转子连接，定子固定在主轴上，而转子则通过轴承安装在主轴上，定子位于转子形成的内部空腔中，在转子的内侧壁上设有永磁体，永磁体分置于定子左右两边；定子是由线圈绕组和固型材料复合形成。本实用新型通过优化产品结构，达到永磁无铁芯功效，体积小、重量轻，可靠性高，便于维护；定子是由线圈绕组和固型材料复合形成，加工成本低，转子采用内置式永磁体结构，解决了在任何速度下永磁体固定和安全问题，加速时间小，具有低转速、大转矩的特性。

Description

永磁无铁芯电动轮毂
技术领域：
本实用新型涉及动力部件技术领域，特指一种适用于电动自行车、电动摩托车或电动汽车的轮毂。
背景技术：
近年来，随着社会对节能减排的意识加强，极大推动电动自行车、电动摩托车及电动汽车的快速发展，尤其是电动汽车的发展更为加快。
传统汽车轮毂为单一金属体，装在主轴上，用于连接轮子。随着世界各汽车大国都加速新能源汽车的商品化步伐，尤其是对纯电动汽车的商品化进程，都投入了大量的财力、人力，但依然无法实现真正的商品化，究其原因是受电池、电机的产业化技术不够成熟的制约。电机技术虽是比较成熟，但能真正满足电动汽车对其性能技术要求的电机还未有报道，因为装在汽车上使用的电机须能满足汽车的技术性能要求：
1、起步要快，加速时间要小，要有快速的反应能力和低速大转矩特性。
2、在很宽调速范围内都保持高效率和恒功率输出特性。
3、保证高可靠性(即坚固性)，在任何条件下运行都具有高度的安全性，极小的故障率和保证长寿命。
4、可工作在电动机模式，也可工作在发电机模式，能利用制动、滑行或下坡的力矩发电，向电池回馈电能(充电)来增加汽车一次性充电的续驶里程。
5、符合国家法规的电磁幅射值。
6、输出功率大，体积小，质量轻，造价(成本)低。
在此背景下，本申请人秉持着研究创新、精益求精之精神，利用其专业眼光和专业知识，研发出了中国专利第200920058493.9号的电动式轮毂，该电动轮毂应用范围广，既可输出动力，又可实现发电工作，装在汽车上使用，极大的满足汽车的技术性能要求。本申请正是在上述的电动式轮毂基础上进一步改进。
发明内容：
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种结构优化的永磁无铁芯电动轮毂。
为达到上述目的，本实用新型采用如下技术方案：
永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，包括有主轴、外壳及安装在外壳内的定子和转子，外壳通过轴承安装在主轴上并通过变速组与转子连接，定子固定在主轴上，而转子则通过轴承安装在主轴上，定子位于转子形成的内部空腔中，在转子的内侧壁上设有永磁体，永磁体分置于定子左右两边；定子是由线圈绕组和固型材料复合形成。
所述定子中的线圈绕组按扇形绕制，不同的线圈绕组之间环形间隔分布，而固型材料与线圈绕组注模成型为一体，固型材料包固线圈绕组，恰使定子形成圆盘状。
转子为左右两半体对合形成，其中一半体延伸连接变速组，变速组系为一行星齿轮组，行星齿轮成对设置，啮合在转子的主动齿轮外周，外壳内表面设有环形齿带啮合行星齿轮组。
所述永磁体的断面形状为扇形，不同的永磁体在转子的同一内侧面上环形间隔分布，形成磁轭盘。
本实用新型通过优化产品结构，达到永磁无铁芯功效，体积小、重量轻，可靠性高，便于维护；定子是由线圈绕组和固型材料复合形成，加工成本低，转子采用内置式永磁体结构，解决了在任何速度下永磁体固定和安全问题，与此同时，由于高转速时，永磁体产生的磁场很弱，利用弱磁控制能使电动机恒功率运行时具有较高的效率；外壳通过轴承安装在主轴上并通过变速组与转子连接，虽然外壳带动轮胎转速很慢，但内部转子的转速并不慢，以此来保证电动汽车能快速起步，加速时间小，具有低转速、大转矩的特性，输出功率大。
附图说明：
附图1为本实用新型的结构示意图；
附图2为本实用新型之定子上的线圈绕组分布示意图；
附图3为本实用新型之定子的侧面示意图；
附图4为本实用新型之转子上的永磁体断面排布示意图。
具体实施方式：
以下结合附图对本实用新型进一步说明：
参阅图1～4所示，本实用新型所述的永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，包括有主轴10、外壳20及安装在外壳20内的定子30和转子40，外壳20通过轴承安装在主轴上并通过变速组50与转子40连接，定子30固定在主轴10上，而转子40则通过轴承安装在主轴上。外壳20连接相应轮子，实现电动驱动轮子行走。本实用新型有机地将动力装置和轮毂整成一整体，形成电动轮形式，可减少电机另设安装，减少传动结构，优化产品结构，提升产品性能和实用性。定子30位于转子40形成的内部空腔中，转子40则由左右两半体对合形成，在转子40的内侧壁上设有永磁体41，永磁体41可通过粘连、嵌设之方式固定，转子40内的永磁体41分置于定子30左右两边，以配合定子30内的线圈绕组工作。
所述定子30是由线圈绕组31和固型材料32复合形成，线圈绕组31按扇形绕制，不同的线圈绕组31之间环形间隔分布，线圈绕组31的绕向一致，从而满足工作要求，线圈绕组31的引出线顺沿主轴10引出，以接驳电源。固型材料32与线圈绕组31注模成型为一体，固型材料32包固线圈绕组31，恰使定子30形成圆盘状。固型材料32可采用绝缘塑胶或其它热固材料，包裹住线圈绕组31，具有良好的密封防油性，有效保护线圈绕组31，延长其使用寿命。定子30无铁芯，不仅降低制作成本，也减轻重量，体积小、可靠性高。
本实施例中，转子40为左右两半体对合形成，且内部形成有空腔，位于定子30左右两侧的永磁体41分别固定在转子左右两半体的内侧；转子有一半体延伸连接变速组50，变速组50系为一行星齿轮组，行星齿轮成对设置，啮合在转子的主动齿轮42外周，外壳20内表面设有环形齿带21啮合行星齿轮组，该结构与中国专利第200920058493.9号的电动式轮毂的结构一致，在此不再一一赘述。
图4所示，所述永磁体41的断面形状为扇形，不同的永磁体41在转子40的同一内侧面上环形间隔分布，形成磁轭盘。永磁体41之间形成若干组对，构成不同磁场，配合定子内的线圈绕组31工作。
工作时，给定子30内的线圈绕组31供电，形成旋转磁场，该旋转磁场作用于两边的永磁体41，使转子40转动，转子40通过变速组50驱动外壳20转动，达到带动相应轮子转动，即实现电动驱动。
本实用新型中，定子30由线圈绕组31和固型材料32复合形成，呈圆盘状，由于无需制作铁芯，这有利于减小产品的体积和重量，降低制作成本。定子30左右两边配有断面为扇形的永磁体41所构成的磁轭盘，工作性能稳定可靠；配合变速组50传动，保证电动汽车能快速起步，加速时间小，具有低转速、大转矩的特性。
当然，以上实施例仅为本实用新型较佳实施例，并非以此限定本实用新型的实施范围，该轮毂可应用在电动汽车、电动自行车或电动摩托车上，在轮毂的端盖上还可适当安装有刹车结构，满足使用需要，故，凡是依照本实用新型之原理做等效变化或修饰，均应涵盖于本实用新型的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，包括有主轴(10)、外壳(20)及安装在外壳(20)内的定子(30)和转子(40)，外壳(20)通过轴承安装在主轴上并通过变速组(50)与转子(40)连接，定子(30)固定在主轴(10)上，而转子(40)则通过轴承安装在主轴上，其特征在于：定子(30)位于转子(40)形成的内部空腔中，在转子(40)的内侧壁上设有永磁体(41)，永磁体(41)分置于定子(30)左右两边；定子(30)是由线圈绕组(31)和固型材料(32)复合形成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，其特征在于：所述定子(30)中的线圈绕组(31)按扇形绕制，不同的线圈绕组(31)之间环形间隔分布，而固型材料(32)与线圈绕组(31)注模成型为一体，固型材料(32)包固线圈绕组(31)，恰使定子(30)形成圆盘状。
3.根据权利要求1所述的永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，其特征在于：转子(40)为左右两半体对合形成，其中一半体延伸连接变速组(50)，变速组(50)系为一行星齿轮组，行星齿轮成对设置，啮合在转子的主动齿轮(42)外周，外壳(20)内表面设有环形齿带(21)啮合行星齿轮组。
4.根据权利要求1所述的永磁无铁芯电动轮毂，其特征在于：所述永磁体(41)的断面形状为扇形，不同的永磁体(41)在转子(40)的同一内侧面上环形间隔分布，形成磁轭盘。
CN201020517740XU 2010-08-28 2010-08-28 永磁无铁芯电动轮毂 Expired - Fee Related CN201797425U (zh)

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Cited By (5)

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CN104901588A (zh) * 2015-06-18 2015-09-09 宋召挺 一种磁悬浮汽车轮胎系统及减缓汽车轴磨损的方法
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