CN201743979U - 应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材 - Google Patents

应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材 Download PDF

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CN201743979U
CN201743979U CN2010202893944U CN201020289394U CN201743979U CN 201743979 U CN201743979 U CN 201743979U CN 2010202893944 U CN2010202893944 U CN 2010202893944U CN 201020289394 U CN201020289394 U CN 201020289394U CN 201743979 U CN201743979 U CN 201743979U
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赖弘基
林峰辉
林建成
林尚明
张毓忠
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Body Organ Biomedical Corp
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Abstract

本实用新型提供一种应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材,该生物片材包括鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材,且该生物可分解性基材上附着有上皮细胞层,其中所述鱼鳞为硬骨鱼鳞。本实用新型的一项优点为有助于协助组织的修复。

Description

应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材
技术领域
本实用新型是关于一种生物片材,特别是关于一种应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材。
背景技术
大部分的角膜疾病,都可通过药物治愈,但当药物无效时,便可能需要通过角膜移植手术,才可重见光明。针对角膜移植手术,很关键的部分在于以何种材料进行移植代替原来的角膜。
一般而言,以角膜移植材料来源来区分,可分为自体移植、异体移植和异种移植。若角膜移植的材料来自患者身上,则为自体移植,方式为将患者身上健康眼睛中的角膜缘干细胞(limbal stem cell)取出,再对所取出的角膜缘干细胞(limbal stem cell)进行培养,之后将培养后的修复材料植回受损眼睛的角膜中,以达到角膜修复的功能;然而此种修复方式有可能因为取出太多角膜缘干细胞(limbal stem cell),而使健康眼睛也受到损害。而且进行此种方式必须患者另外一只眼睛功能正常,并且能确保手术后仍然健康无虞,才能加以采用。因此,若需要移植的范围过大,由于可能会影响到健康的眼睛,所以实际应用性并不高。
除了上述的自体移植方式外,若角膜移植的材料并非来自患者身上,而是外来的材料,则为异体移植或异种移植。然而异体移植常因捐赠者的来源不足,以及免疫排斥等问题,而无法满足所有患者的需求。
比如以羊膜为材料的异体移植而言,羊膜移植虽然可以抑制患部发炎反应、促进表皮生长,但由于羊膜里没有干细胞,完全要靠患者自己残存的细胞长回来,对受损面积大的患者效果不佳。此外,羊膜移植另外一个缺点是来源受到限制,因为羊膜取自人类剖腹产或顺产无菌接生的新鲜胎盘(placenta),且倘若灭菌过程不完全,不能排除有传染病的问题。
除了上述方式,异种移植包括制作高分子生医材料作为移植的材料。高分子生医材料作为角膜移植材料的缺点之一是高分子生医材料由单体聚合到成品的过程中,其反应条件很难掌握,不同批次的成品间容易产生较大的变异性。另外,由于移植材料是运用于眼科手术上,因此移植材料本身的透明度将是该移植材料能否利用于眼科的条件之一。但是高分子生医材料在历经不同工艺处理后,其材料的特性经常会具有差异,不尽相同,使得材料的透明度有所差异。
于是,如何能够改善目前角膜修复材料的问题,是相关业者致力解决的目标。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的一个目的是提供一种生物片材,特别是一种应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材。
本实用新型的另一个目的是提供一种可取代现有用于组织修复的生物片材。
本实用新型的另一个目的是提供一种生物片材,应用于角膜部分或完全受损,亦或是眼组织有缺陷的患者,特别是针对缺乏角膜缘干细胞的患者。
本实用新型提供了一种生物片材,该生物片材包括鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材,且该生物可分解性基材上附着有上皮细胞层,其中所述鱼鳞为硬骨鱼鳞。
根据本实用新型,所述生物可分解性基材可为一透明基材。
根据本实用新型,所述生物可分解性基材为拉伸强度约为0.5-50MPa的基材。
根据本实用新型,所述生物可分解性基材直径约为5-20mm。
根据本实用新型,所述生物可分解性基材的中心厚度约为0.03-1mm。
根据本实用新型,所述生物可分解性基材上所附着的上皮细胞层为由保有原功能与形态的细胞构成的上皮细胞层。
根据本实用新型,所述上皮细胞选自口腔黏膜细胞、鼻黏膜细胞、发根细胞以及结膜上皮细胞中的其中一种。
根据本实用新型,所述鱼鳞选自圆鳞或栉鳞。
由于本实用新型的生物片材包括鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材,且生物可分解性基材上附着有上皮细胞层,因此本实用新型的一项优点为有助于协助组织的修复。
关于本实用新型的生物片材,可以藉由以下详述及所附附图得到进一步的了解。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型生物片材的结构示意图。
图中主要组件符号说明:
1生物片材     10生物可分解性基材      100皮细胞层
具体实施方式
请参照图1,此图显示本实用新型第一实施例中,应用于眼角膜上皮细胞修补的生物片材1,其中生物片材1为鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材10,且生物可分解性基材10上附着有上皮细胞层100。
其中,生物可分解性基材10的尺寸大小视患者受伤部位大小来决定,一般而言直径约为5-20mm,中心厚度约为0.03-1mm,其拉伸强度(tensilestrength)约为0.5-50MPa。
在本实用新型中,使用含有大量胶原蛋白构成的生物可分解性基材10,优点在于可促进伤口周围健康细胞的增生,同时提供组织生长的支撑结构,让细胞可以附着及生长,以形成新的组织。更重要的是胶原蛋白不会产生体内残留的问题,因为新植入的胶原蛋白会被体内特殊的酶分解吸收,通过分解与增生修护间的机制,可让体内胶原增生机能更加良好。
此外,生物可分解性基材10可为一圆盘状的透明基材;当然,生物可分解性基材10针对不同的需求,也可为其它形状的透明基材,且其上更可包含多个孔洞。值得注意的是,以鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材10,其中鱼鳞是硬骨鱼鳞,选自硬骨鱼纲中的圆鳞或栉鳞。而且本实用新型所使用的鱼鳞为经过去细胞以及脱钙等步骤处理过的鱼鳞材料。
其中,在一较佳实施例中,上述上皮细胞为了保证位于生物可分解性基材10上的上皮细胞层100的上皮细胞保持生长活性,生物片材1所需的环境控制因素条件,比如温度范围大约为37℃,含有的二氧化碳含量约为5%以及在一大气压下。
举例来说,应用于生物可分解性基材10上的上皮细胞层100的上皮细胞的来源可选自黏膜细胞、发根细胞以及结膜上皮细胞。在本实用新型的一较佳实施例中,上皮细胞为保有原功能与形态的细胞,也就是原型(prototype)细胞。在一实施例中,口腔黏膜细胞是选自口腔内膜细胞。此外,其亦可利用身体内的其它部分等效的细胞,来达到细胞培养以及避免免疫排斥的目的。并且上皮细胞可兼容于患者的细胞,含患者本身。
本实用新型所提供的生物片材可用于修补受损的眼组织前半部的全部或部分组织,其中眼组织前半部指的是上皮组织、鲍曼氏膜(Bowman’smembrane)及角膜组织基质层(corneal stromal tissue)等。
本实用新型的优点至少包括以下几点:
1.鱼鳞取得简便,且来源较不受限制。
2.鱼与人类至目前为止没有任何互通的疾病,因此鱼鳞的使用上相当安全。
3.鱼鳞材料为天然性的生医材料,其制备流程简便,且处理条件较易掌控。
4.鱼鳞材料的主要成分为胶原蛋白,有助于协助组织的修复。
5.鱼鳞具有完整的显微结构,能提供良好的机械强度,而且经脱钙步骤的鱼鳞可提供具有透明性质的材料以及降低生物片材植入生物体后的钙化情况。
6.含有上皮细胞且经处理后的鱼鳞对于角膜缘干细胞(limbal stem cell)受损或缺乏的患者的视力回复极有帮助。
本实用新型虽以较佳实例阐明如上,然其并非用以限定本实用新型的精神与新型实体仅止于上述实施例。在不脱离本实用新型的精神与范围内所作的修改,均应包括在本实用新型的请求保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材,其特征在于,该生物片材包括鱼鳞构成的生物可分解性基材,且该生物可分解性基材上附着有上皮细胞层,其中所述鱼鳞为硬骨鱼鳞。
2.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述生物可分解性基材为一透明基材。
3.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述生物可分解性基材为拉伸强度为0.5-50MPa的基材。
4.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述生物可分解性基材直径为5-20mm。
5.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述生物可分解性基材的中心厚度为0.03-1mm。
6.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述生物可分解性基材上所附着的上皮细胞层为由保有原功能与形态的细胞构成的细胞层。
7.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述上皮细胞选自口腔黏膜细胞、鼻黏膜细胞、发根细胞以及结膜上皮细胞中的其中一种。
8.如权利要求1所述的生物片材,其特征在于,所述鱼鳞选自圆鳞或栉鳞。
CN2010202893944U 2010-08-11 2010-08-11 应用于眼睛组织修补的生物片材 Expired - Lifetime CN201743979U (zh)

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