CN201656832U - Semi-automatic sunlight tracking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a semi-automatic sunlight tracking device comprising a supporting base provided with an upright column on the bottom surface thereof. The upright column of the supporting base is perpendicularly provided with a spindle, the outer part of the spindle is connected with a spindle sleeve through a spindle sleeve connecting shaft, one end of the spindle is connected with a servo motor through a speed change mechanism and the other end thereof is provided with a solar photovoltaic plate, and the middle part of the spindle is provided with a transmission mechanism formed by the connection of a worm wheel and a worm; and the worm is connected with the spindle sleeve through a worm supporting shaft, and the worm wheel is fixed on the upright column of the base. The semi-automatic sunlight tracking device adopts a single polar axis tracker, uses a motor to drive the spindle to rotate, manually adjusts pitching angles of the spindle, and therefore, the single polar axis tracker aligns the sun all the time, thereby reducing the operating cost and ensuring the reliability of a system.

Description

Semi-automatic sun tracking device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of light tracking devices, in particular to a semi-automatic sunlight tracking device.

Background technique

At present, the traditional solar tracking system (generally with a single-pillar type, but also with a disc type) uses a light-sensing system. When there are clouds, the photo-sensing system consumes a lot of electricity because it is constantly looking for light sources. When the cloud leaves, it takes time to adjust and track, which not only affects the power generation of the equipment, but also increases the power consumption during the work process.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a semi-automatic sunlight tracking device, which solves the problems of large power consumption and low precision of the existing sunlight tracking device.

The technical solution adopted by the utility model is a semi-automatic sunlight tracking device, including a support base with a column on the bottom surface, a main shaft is vertically arranged on the column of the support base, and the outside of the main shaft is connected with a main shaft sleeve through a main shaft sleeve connecting shaft , one end of the main shaft is connected with the servo motor through a speed change mechanism, the other end of the main shaft is provided with a solar photovoltaic panel, the middle part of the main shaft is provided with a transmission mechanism connected by a worm wheel and a worm, and the worm is connected with the main shaft sleeve through the worm support shaft, The worm gear is fixed on the column of the base.

The utility model is also characterized in that,

The worm wheel is provided with a dial, and the worm support shaft is provided with a pointer indicating an angle.

The beneficial effect of the semi-automatic sunlight tracking device of the utility model is that, aiming at the disadvantages of high power consumption and high cost of the light induction system used in the conventional tracking sunlight mechanism, a method of using a servo motor system to adjust the horizontal angle and manually adjusting the pitch angle is proposed. , which not only ensures the tracking accuracy and system reliability, but also greatly reduces operating costs.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model semi-automatic sunlight tracking device;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the utility model semi-automatic sunlight tracking device.

In the figure, 1. Solar photovoltaic panel, 2. Main shaft, 3. Worm screw, 4. Worm wheel, 5. Dial, 6. Main shaft sleeve connection shaft, 7. Speed change mechanism, 8. Servo motor, 9. Main shaft sleeve, 10. Support base, 11. Worm screw support shaft.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Geographic latitude is actually equivalent to the angle between a point on the earth and the center of the earth (circle center) and the equator; the sun's altitude angle is actually equivalent to the sun's rays (assuming that the sun's rays are parallel light) passing through the local The angle between the tangents (horizons) of the circle; the direct rays of the sun are perpendicular to the earth's surface (a circular surface), then the direct rays must be perpendicular to the horizon, and the extension of the direct rays of the sun must pass through the center of the earth. Usually we use h to represent the altitude angle of the sun at noon in a certain place, which is numerically equal to the horizon height of the sun in the celestial horizon coordinate system. The solar elevation angle varies with local time and the sun's declination. The solar declination is represented by δ, the geographical latitude of the observed place is represented by φ, and the local time (hour angle) is represented by t. There is a formula for calculating the solar altitude angle: sin h=sin φ sin δ+sin φ cos δ cos t. The sun rises and sets, and the sun's altitude angle is constantly changing within a day at the same location. At sunrise and sunset, the angle is zero degrees, and at noon the sun's altitude angle is at its maximum. Because the local time t=0 at noon, the solar altitude angle at noon can be calculated by the following formula: for the northern hemisphere, H=90°－(φ－δ); for the southern hemisphere, H=90°－( δ-φ). On the summer solstice, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, which is 23.5 degrees north latitude; on the winter solstice, the sun shines directly on the Tropic of Cancer, which is 23.5 degrees south latitude. There are 47 latitudes in the middle, and half a year is 365.26/2=182.63 days. From the summer solstice to the winter solstice, the point of direct sunlight moves southward from 23.5 degrees north latitude, moving 47/182.63=0.2574 latitudes per day, and half a year later, the winter solstice moves to 23.5 degrees south latitude, and then swings north again, also at 0.2574 latitudes per day After 182.63 days, that is, the summer solstice returns to 23.5 degrees north latitude. According to this, the latitude of the direct sunlight point every day can be found very accurately, that is, the solar declination δ.

The structure of the semi-automatic sunlight tracking device of the present utility model, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, includes a support base 10 with a column on the bottom surface, a main shaft 2 is vertically arranged on the column of the support base 10, and the outside of the main shaft 2 passes through the main shaft sleeve The connecting shaft 6 is connected with the main shaft sleeve 9, and one end of the main shaft 2 is connected with the servo motor 8 through the speed change mechanism 7. The speed change mechanism 7 is composed of a series of gear trains; There is a transmission mechanism connected by the worm wheel 4 and the worm 3, the worm 3 is connected with the main shaft sleeve 9 through the worm support shaft 11, the worm wheel 4 is fixed on the column of the base 10, the worm wheel 4 is provided with a dial 5, and the worm supports A pointer indicating the angle is installed on the shaft 11.

The working process of the present utility model is, according to the data calculated in advance, calculate and record the sun altitude angle of a certain month, a certain day and a certain time at the place where the device is located, make a dial 5 in contrast to the calculated data, manually rotate the worm wheel 4, and make the worm wheel 4 Make a circular motion along the worm 3, read the pitch angle at that moment from the dial 5, the worm 3 is connected with the main shaft sleeve 9 through the worm support shaft 11, and then realize the adjustment of the pitch angle of the solar photovoltaic panel 1; through reasonable selection of the servo The gear ratio of the motor 8 and the gear changing mechanism 7 is set, and the servo motor 8 transmits the predetermined speed to the main shaft 2 through the gear changing mechanism 7, so that the main shaft 2 drives the solar photovoltaic panel 1 to rotate at a constant speed without interruption within the required time period, ensuring that The solar photovoltaic panel 1 is directly facing the incident light of the sun. As the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, the pitch adjustment mechanism and the horizontal adjustment mechanism jointly ensure that the solar photovoltaic panel 1 tracks the incident direction of sunlight at all times.

The semi-automatic sunlight tracking device of the utility model adopts a unipolar axis tracking device, uses a motor to drive the main shaft to rotate, and manually adjusts the pitch angle of the main shaft so that the unipolar axis tracking device is always aligned with the sun. The traditional tracking relies on the light sensing system, which has high equipment operation cost, but the utility model uses simple motor drive and manual pitch adjustment, which not only reduces the operation cost but also ensures the reliability of the system.

Claims (2)

1. semi-automatic sun optrack, it is characterized in that, comprise that the bottom surface is provided with the base for supporting of column (10), be vertically installed with main shaft (2) on the column of base for supporting (10), the outside of main shaft (2) is connected with collar bush (9) by collar bush connecting axle (6), one end of main shaft (2) is connected with servomotor (8) by gear (7), the other end of main shaft (2) is provided with solar energy photovoltaic panel (1), the middle part of main shaft (2) is provided with the transmission mechanism that is formed by connecting by worm gear (4) and worm screw (3), worm screw (3) is connected with collar bush (9) by worm screw back shaft (11), and worm gear (4) is fixed on the column of base (10).

2. semi-automatic sun optrack according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described worm gear (4) is provided with dial (5), and the pointer of indication angle is installed on the described worm screw back shaft (11).

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