The utility model content
In order to satisfy the needs of China's short period submarine earthquake observation, raising is to the level of the exploration of China ocean gas hydrate, oceanic earthquake observation and the exploration of China mainland frame, and the utility model aims to provide and a kind ofly can be used in short period submarine seismograph deep-sea (greater than 3000 meters), that have high reliability, the contour performance index of great dynamic range.
The technical scheme that the utility model adopted is:
A kind of short period submarine seismograph is characterized in that comprising:
A protecting sheathing;
A hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse ball is contained in the described protecting sheathing, and data acquisition unit, levelling gear, seismometer, chargeable lithium cell and underwater sound communicating circuit are housed in the hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse;
Be used to discharge the electrocorrosion releasing mechanism of coupling shelf, it is fixed on the protecting sheathing;
For seismograph provides the coupling shelf of negative buoyancy, it is positioned at described protecting sheathing below and is connected with described electrocorrosion releasing mechanism with wire rope.
Further:
Described levelling gear comprises left and right sidesing supporting frame, gimbal, front and back link, base plate, survey horizon sensor circuit board, first and second Worm and worm-wheel gearings, wherein:
Described left and right sidesing supporting frame lay respectively at described gimbal about the end outside, constitute first axle between the center of left side bracing frame and the center of right bracing frame, wherein, the left end of left bracing frame and gimbal articulates, and right bracing frame articulates through the right-hand member of first Worm and worm-wheel gearing and gimbal; Second axis of formation and first axle quadrature between the center of the center of the front end of gimbal and gimbal rear end, wherein, the front end of gimbal and the front end of described base plate articulate, and rear end second Worm and worm-wheel gearing of gimbal and the rear end of base plate articulate; Survey the horizon sensor circuit board and be contained on the described base plate, two Worm and worm-wheel gearings are controlled by surveys the horizon sensor circuit.The articulated section of left side bracing frame and gimbal and the articulated section of gimbal and base plate front end are through being used to eliminate the friction mechanism pivot joint in Worm and worm-wheel gearing gap.The front and back end of base plate articulates through link and described gimbal respectively.Friction mechanism is made up of screw rod and the friction disc, thrust bearing, spring, the setting nut that are sheathed on this screw rod, and this screw rod is arranged in the left end of left bracing frame and gimbal or is arranged in the front end and base plate link of gimbal.In first Worm and worm-wheel gearing, worm screw is fixed on the described right bracing frame, and the right-hand member of worm gear and described gimbal is fixed.In second Worm and worm-wheel gearing, worm screw is fixed on the rear end of described gimbal, and the rear end of worm gear and described base plate is fixed.Establish the pad post between the below of survey horizon sensor circuit board and described base plate, to guarantee to survey the parallel relation between horizon sensor circuit board and the base plate.
Described gimbal is rectangular frame or the circular frame that is surrounded by front and back frame and left and right sides frame.
Described electrocorrosion releasing mechanism comprises a fuse and the fuseboard that is fixed on the described protecting sheathing; a fuse pulling block is equipped with at the two ends of fuseboard respectively; establish the coiling stake on the fuse pulling block; the central authorities of fuseboard are provided with positive and negative electrode, some coiling stakes, compressing tablet; fuse is walked around each coiling stake on fuseboard and the fuse pulling block via negative electrode; the two ends of this fuse are compressed by compressing tablet, and two fuse pulling blocks and fuseboard are fixed together, and the fuse pulling block is connected with described coupling shelf through wire rope.
Described fuse is made up of the steel wire strand of 1 mm dia, per sharely is made up of 36 finer wires again.
Described seismometer is a short period dynamic balance reaction type seismometer, and frequency band range is 1 second to 40 hertz.
Described coupling shelf is made up of two circular rings up and down, several supporting steel pipes of being connected between two circular rings; weld angle bar on the steel pipe; wear screw rod on the angle bar, screw rod is affixed with the wire rope that is connected described fuse pulling block, described protecting sheathing be placed on this coupling shelf above.
In the ball of described hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse GPS, electronic compass, data radio station and signal lamp are housed also.
Short period submarine seismograph of the present utility model adopts single spherical structure, so the floatage energy that provides carries enough batteries, can guarantee the working time of short period submarine seismograph, and adopt chargeable high power capacity lithium battery as supplying cell in the seabed, make its reliable operation, very easy to use.
Embodiment
Short period submarine seismograph of the present utility model comprises: an ABS protecting sheathing; A hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse ball is contained in the described protecting sheathing, and data acquisition unit, levelling gear, seismometer, chargeable lithium cell and underwater sound communicating circuit are housed in the hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse; Be used to discharge the electrocorrosion releasing mechanism of coupling shelf, it is fixed on the described protecting sheathing; For submarine seismograph provides the coupling shelf of negative buoyancy, it is positioned at described protecting sheathing below and is connected with described electrocorrosion releasing mechanism with the coupling wire rope.
Wherein: protecting sheathing, hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse and releasing mechanism interfix into as a whole; constituted the recovery section of short period submarine seismograph; realize that the short period submarine seismograph is in submarine earthquake observation, data recording and fusing come-up function; coupling shelf is that the short period submarine seismograph can not recovery section; for the short period submarine seismograph provides the weight of sinking, make the short period submarine seismograph sink down into the seabed from the sea.Explanation respectively below.
1. instrument storehouse
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.The instrument storehouse is the gas-tight silo ball that the utility model short period submarine seismograph observation instrument has been installed, and sealing storehouse ball is placed in the ABS protecting sheathing.Inside, instrument storehouse is equipped with data acquisition unit 21, seismometer 27, levelling gear, gps antenna 4, data radio station 20, stroboscopic lamp 3 and charged lithium cells 8.Wherein:
1.1 data acquisition unit
The main realization of the data acquisition unit 21 of the utility model short period submarine seismograph is recorded in the CF card to the digitizing of seismic signal and with data, collector is also integrated 24 AD conversions, low-power consumption CPLD large-scale programmable logic array, network chip, GPS, CF card and power management translation circuits.Collector embedded software system is the ECOSII real time operating system, 24 bit data collections, FIR digital filtering operation, compression storing data operation in operating system kernel, have been realized simultaneously, make collector when having low-down power consumption (less than 0.3 watt), also have good technical indicator, comprising: greater than the 120dB dynamic range, greater than 100dB total harmonic distortion degree, good amplitude versus frequency characte.Collector provides data, services and parameter setting by network interface, in the inner integrated wireless aps of collector, wireless aps is connected on the submarine seismograph collector network interface by netting twine, in use do not need to open instrument room and just can carry out data download, parameter setting operation to described submarine seismograph by wireless network.
CPU selects the AT91FR4016S of atmel corp for use, the integrated ARM7TDMI kernel of this CPU, built-in 256K byte SRAM, 2M byte FLASH, 2 UART and 32 IO mouths adopt full Static Design, frequency of operation 0-75MHz, core power supply 1.8V (intending adopting 1.1V).CPU peripheral expansion a slice 1M byte SRAM (K6F8016R6D) connects CPLD XC2C384 on the bus; One of inner serial ports is as terminal console, and another is by the multiplexing connection of CPLD GPS, electronic compass and radio transmitter.CPU is by the emission of I/O control light, leveling circuit.
CPLD selects XC2C384 for use, and the encapsulation of 208 pin is for 384 macroelements.The very low and dependable performance of this device power consumption.XC2C384 realizes communicating by letter with cpu data, SRAM is realized level conversion, reception AD translation data, expansion CF card (IDE), bridged lan interface, switches serial ports and extended SPI bus function, connect voltage temperature simultaneously and monitor chip MAX1298 (5 passages, band temperature sensor).
AD converter is selected the ADS1251 of TI company for use, and ADS1251 is the AD converter that 24 potential differences are divided input, can reach 19 bit resolutions when the 20K sampling rate, and have very low power consumption (20K/8mW).The simulating signal of sensor output drives directly input AD of back through operational amplifier, and ADS1251 employing+5V powers, and reference voltage is external+4.096V.
In order to guarantee submarine seismograph low-power consumption and high reliability, in submarine seismograph collector and submarine seismograph control system, adopt eCos as operation system of software, eCos is an outstanding embedded real-time operating system.The architecture of eCos is a kind of hierarchy, and hardware abstraction layer is opened operating system and hardware isolated, and this makes transplanting eCos become possibility to different hardware platforms, and level of abstraction is just as the bridge between software and the hardware.Main transplanting thought is according to the modular design of eCos, to finish hardware abstraction layer.After the transplanting work and device driver debugging work that realize ecos2.0, just can realize gathering, controlling the design of application software.The major function of software systems comprises: data recording, data are downloaded, the system equipment control program (comprises the system voltage temperature monitoring, survival equipment control, levelling gear control, the sonar control panel monitors, electronic compass reception, battery charging management and station command explanation etc.
1.2 seismometer
The seismometer 26 of the utility model short period submarine seismograph comprises that 2 horizontal earthquake meters, one vertically form to seismometer and seismometer feedback circuit 22, this seismometer is a short period dynamic balance reaction type electric capacity displacement transducing formula seismometer, be 4 hertz its natural vibration period, working band is 1 second to 40 hertz, sensitivity 1000V/m/s (single-ended) also has low noise and great dynamic range;
1.3 levelling gear
The submarine seismograph working environment is very complicated, submarine seismograph by the sea free-falling to the seabed, inartificial this step of installing, and seismometer needs the work stylobate of a level, this with regard to require seismometer in the submarine seismograph be operated in one can self-leveling mechanism on, this mechanism is exactly a levelling gear.
Levelling gear in the utility model short period submarine seismograph comprises left and right sidesing supporting frame 27, gimbal 35, base plate 42, surveys horizon sensor circuit board 44, first and second Worm and worm-wheel gearings.Wherein:
Gimbal 35 is the rectangular frame that surrounded by front and back frame and left and right sides frame (also circular frame).Left and right sidesing supporting frame 27 lay respectively at gimbal about the end outside, constitute first axle between the center of left side bracing frame and the center of right bracing frame, the left end of left side bracing frame and gimbal 35 articulates, and right bracing frame articulates through the right-hand member of first Worm and worm-wheel gearing and gimbal 35.
Constitute second axis between the center of the center of the front end of gimbal 35 and gimbal 35 rear ends with the first axle quadrature, the front end of the front end of gimbal 35 and base plate 42 articulates, and rear end second Worm and worm-wheel gearing of gimbal 35 and the rear end of base plate 42 articulate.
Survey the below that horizon sensor circuit board 44 is contained in base plate 42, survey and establish pad post 43 between horizon sensor circuit board 44 and the base plate 42, to guarantee to survey the parallel relation between horizon sensor circuit board and the base plate.Two Worm and worm-wheel gearings are controlled by surveys the horizon sensor circuit.
Worm screw 32 in the Worm and worm-wheel gearing passes through shaft coupling 31 driven in rotation by motor 30.Worm screw 32 in first Worm and worm-wheel gearing is fixed on the right bracing frame, and worm gear 37 is fixed with the right-hand member of gimbal 35.Worm screw 32 in second Worm and worm-wheel gearing is fixed on the rear end of gimbal 35, and worm gear 37 is fixed with the rear end of base plate 42.
The front and back end of base plate 42 articulates through link 34 and gimbal 35 respectively.
In addition, for eliminating the gap of Worm and worm-wheel gearing, adopt friction mechanism to articulate in the articulated section of left bracing frame and gimbal and the articulated section of gimbal and base plate front end.This friction mechanism is made up of screw rod 28 and the friction disc 29, thrust bearing 38, spring 39, nut 40, the pad 41 that are sheathed on this screw rod 28.Two screw rods 28 are arranged in the left end of left bracing frame and gimbal respectively and in the front end and base plate link of gimbal, adjust the length of spring 39 by turn nut 40, adjust the pressure of friction disc 29 and surface of contact, thereby reach adjustment friction force, realize eliminating the purpose in worm-and-wheel gear gap with stiction.
Before leveling, the coordinate of horizontal level is kept in the chip of surveying on the horizon sensor circuit board 44 when demarcating the seismograph operate as normal.After leveling began, by detecting current location and the deviation of setting horizontal level, motor 30 was started working, and drives the position that two Worm and worm-wheel gearings are adjusted base plate 42, remains on horizontal level at last, and leveling finishes.
1.4GPS antenna 4, electronic compass, data radio station 7 and stroboscopic lamp 3
Hermetically-sealed instrument storehouse ball also is equipped with gps antenna 4, electronic compass, data radio station 7 and stroboscopic lamp 3.Behind submarine seismograph emersion sea, salvage for convenience, submarine seismograph is integrated data radio station, seismograph sends positional information after opening the GPS location across the sea by data radio station.This radio station frequency of operation is 230MHz, and emissive power is 2W, uses 1/8 wavelength stub antenna, guarantee submarine seismograph across the sea transmission range greater than 2 kilometers.
Simultaneously, high brightness red diodes that submarine seismograph is inner also integrated, emissive power 5W conveniently salvages at night.
1.5 charged lithium cells
The battery that the short period submarine seismograph uses is a lithium rechargeable batteries 8, forms by 4 joints, and every joint 92AH, rated voltage 3.6V, the submarine seismograph collecting unit detects in real time to the voltage of 4 batteries, and controls the startup of charging circuit and stop.Have a batteries to distribute to the release uncoupling rigging separately in 4 batteries, guarantee to receive release time greater than 100 days in the seabed, guarantee simultaneously can outwards send the GPS positional information behind the submarine seismograph emersion sea, the convenient construction personnel salvage.
Adopt the charged in parallel mode for the charging of lithium battery, 4 batteries altogether, every batteries rated point 3.6V, capacity 92AH, charging voltage is 4.2V.Charging current all is limited in 1.5A.Estimate that the duration of charging was less than 24 hours.
2. releasing mechanism
The electrocorrosion releasing mechanism of the utility model short period submarine seismograph comprises with lower member: fuse and be fixed on fuseboard on the described protecting sheathing; a fuse pulling block is equipped with at the two ends of fuseboard respectively; establish the coiling stake on the fuse pulling block; the central authorities of fuseboard are provided with positive and negative electrode, some coiling stakes, compressing tablet; fuse is walked around each coiling stake on fuseboard and the fuse pulling block via negative electrode; the two ends of this fuse are compressed by compressing tablet; two fuse pulling blocks and fuseboard are fixed together, and the fuse pulling block is connected with described coupling shelf through wire rope.
Referring to Fig. 4, Fig. 5.The electrocorrosion releasing mechanism is made up of fuseboard 46, positive electrode 47, fuse pulling block 48, coiling stake 49, negative electrode 50, pad post 51, silk pressing screw 52, retaining ring 53, double-screw bolt 54, nut 55, compressing tablet 56, a fuse 57.Fuse 57 is made up of the steel wire strand (7 strands) of 1 mm dia, per sharely is made up of 36 finer wires again.Releasing mechanism is fixed on the nylon pallet 13 by six roots of sensation pole 45, twines fuse 57 on the fuseboard 46.Fuse 57 is begun to twine by compressing tablet 56, walk around silk pressing screw (right side) 52 clockwise, walk around successively more afterwards coiling stake 1. 49, the coiling stake 2. 49, coiling stake 3. 49, through 4. 49 lower edge of stake that wind the line, pass through negative electrode (right side) 50, pad post 51, negative electrode (left side) 50 successively, walk around successively again coiling stake 5. 49, the coiling stake 6. 49, the coiling stake 7. 49, coiling stake 8. 49, walk around silk pressing screw (left side) 52 at last and get back to compressing tablet 56 places, finish the installation of fuse 57.
Releasing mechanism and short period submarine seismograph are closely to be fixed together, reclaiming along with the recovery of submarine seismograph, is can reusable parts, therefore, all metal parts all adopt 304 stainless steels to process in the releasing mechanism, have high corrosion resistance.
ABS containment vessel and nylon pallet 13 that the instrument storehouse is housed are fixed together; releasing mechanism is fixed on nylon pallet 13 tops by six roots of sensation pole 45; become short period submarine seismograph recovery section; integral body is placed on the coupling shelf then; coupling shelf is connected with the fuse pulling block 48 of releasing mechanism by coupling wire rope 24, and fusing steel wire 57 links together fuse pulling block 48 and whole releasing mechanism by the coiling stake 49 on the fuse pulling block 48.After the short period submarine seismograph adds direct current for positive electrode 47 in the releasing mechanism and negative electrode 50, the fusing steel wire of negative electrode 50 tops just begins to take place the electrocorrosion reaction, at last until disconnection, after fuse 57 disconnects, fuse pulling block 48 just separates with whole releasing mechanism, and the coupling shelf that is connected like this on the fuse pulling block 48 also separates with short period submarine seismograph recovery section.
3. coupling shelf
The coupling shelf of the utility model short period submarine seismograph is welded by two circular steel loops up and down and several steel pipes of being connected between two circular rings, and used type of steels is Q235.Described ABS engineering plastics shell is placed on the coupling shelf top.Weld angle bar on the steel pipe, wear screw rod on the angle bar, the affixed wire rope of screw rod, the fuse pulling block of this wire rope and releasing mechanism affixed.After releasing mechanism started, coupling shelf separated with the short period submarine seismograph, realized the automatic come-up of short period submarine seismograph.
Principle of work
The course of work of the utility model short period submarine seismograph is to select suitable marine site that instrument is thrown in the seawater from the sea.Because the weight of instrument integral body is much larger than its buoyancy suffered in seawater, so can sink fast, after it sinks to the seabed, automatically start inner gimbal and carry out leveling, seismometer was started working after leveling was finished, data acquisition unit also enters duty, and the beginning continuous acquisition also writes down seismometer output.When needs obtain record data, the short period submarine seismograph will be reclaimed.Send release command by sonar, instrument starts releasing mechanism after receiving underwater sound release command, coupling shelf is separated with short period submarine seismograph recovery section, the recovery section of instrument since buoyancy greater than self gravitation, will the emersion sea, and send the GPS locating information by data radio station, and determine the position of instrument and salvage instrument according to this information then, extract the observation data of data acquisition unit record afterwards and analyze and scientific research.