CN201629983U

CN201629983U - High-accuracy seeder

Info

Publication number: CN201629983U
Application number: CN2009201465373U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 庞家绍
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-04-20
Filing date: 2009-04-20
Publication date: 2010-11-17
Anticipated expiration: 2019-04-20

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-accuracy seeder, belonging to the seeder adopting the mechanical seeding principle in the agricultural machinery. The seeder comprises a handle, a road wheel, a transmission device, a seeding apparatus, a press wheel and a fender, wherein the seeding apparatus (18) is slantingly arranged; one side of teeth tips of a sprocket (17) on a main shaft of the seeding apparatus is totally or mostly grinded; the cross transmission device of the seeding apparatus (18) and the road wheel (1) is simplified; and a seed guide tray (12) is grid-shaped, the outer edge of the grid is bifurcated, and the diameter of the seed guide tray (12) is relatively greater than that of a seed taking tray (9). The design of the seed guide tray leads the seed falling to be accurate without rolling, and the seeding achieves high uniformity.

Description

The high accuracy sower

Technical field

The utility model belongs to the sower that adopts mechanical type seeding principle in the agricultural machinery.

Background technology

Present sower seeding principle mainly contains mechanical type, air-sucking type and electric-absorption.Air-sucking type and electric-absorption can the realization are accurately sowed, but cost is high and heavy, is not suitable for very much the haggard of China.The common defects of mechanical type seeding unit is that seeding accuracy is poor, wound is planted; Wherein seeding accuracy higher to seed damage lighter be inclination bucket wheel or the apsacline porose disc seeding unit that adopts gravity seed cleaning, but this seeding unit transmission mechanism complexity, cost height.So domestic sower generally adopts the outer groove wheel seeding unit at present, this seeding unit is simple in structure, but more serious to the seed damage, though several improvement of domestic appearance, the rubber-surfaced roll that utilizes that has is planted clearly, and the round hairbrush that the utilization that has is rotated is planted clearly, hinders kind of a problem but all can't overcome.And these planting with sowing machine uniformities are very poor, mainly cause by two reasons: the one, when landing, seed have an initial velocity identical to land with the sower pace, it is bigger to roll, though the domestic sower that has utilizes conveyor-belt apparatus to make seed quicken motion backward, the realization zero-speed is landed, but this conveyer consumption of power increases cost, more difficult employing on Man-operated sower; The 2nd, seed leaves that the grain conductor through about 30 centimeter length just can land behind the seeding unit, and the irregular movement in grain conductor causes the time of landing that error is arranged, thereby lands inhomogeneous.More than two reasons when also causing the two grain of bunch planting peanuts, two seeds are from De Taikai (two seeds lean on to such an extent that the near more peanut that grows is neat more), though the improvement of nest dibbler is arranged into, because of seed lands the reason such as big of rolling, two seeds still can't lean on very closely.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model provides that a kind of cost is low, seeding accuracy is high, the sower of good uniformity, to be fit to the haggard mechanical planting of China, the raising per unit area yield.

The purpose of this utility model be achieved in that it by handle, plant bucket, land wheel, transmission device, seeding unit, press wheel and return the mud plate and form.Plough, press waterway bar to be welded on the dividing plate of seeding unit, press wheel and time mud plate are connected by screw and are contained in the seeding unit back.The handle front end is welded with depth control fork, and land wheel is installed on the depth control fork with screw, and integrally welded kind bucket and seeding unit are fastened on the handle with screw.

A main shaft that freely rotates is arranged on the seeding unit, be fixed with sprocket wheel, seed taking disc on the main shaft and lead kind of a dish.A platen iron hoop that is overlapping plastics or rubber groove is superimposed upon on the seed taking disc, and plough, pressure waterway bar and marker are fixed on the dividing plate of seeding unit.For better getting kind and utilize gravity seed cleaning, seeding unit tilts (25 ° of the bests are got at 15 °-30 ° at inclination angle) is installed, thereby the sprocket wheel on the main shaft and the bicycle freewheel on the land wheel have an about angle of the crossing of 25 °.Take off chain during chain drive easily, the utility model all grinds off or grinds off major part to crown one side of the sprocket wheel on the main shaft, solves the chain problem of taking off, and simplifies transmission device.

The utility model is made lattice-shaped leading kind of a dish, and the outer rim jag of grid, and seed is discharged from a very narrow outlet, has reduced the front and back error of sowing, makes sowing accurately, evenly, and two seeds abut against together during the two grain of bunch planting peanut.The relative seed taking disc of the diameter of leading kind of dish is strengthened, and the initial velocity backward when having strengthened the seed seeding has like this reduced the sowing height, seed is landed do not roll.

Below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments the utility model is described in further detail.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the utility model structure chart.

Fig. 2 is the structure chart of kind bucket (4) integrally welded among Fig. 1, grain tube (7), seeding unit (18) (seeding unit has removed the accessory on main shaft and the main shaft).

Fig. 3 is the another side figure of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 leads kind of the master drawing of dish (12) among Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a kind of simple grain peanut dish master drawing of the seed taking disc (9) among Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a kind of two grain peanut dish master drawings of the seed taking disc (9) among Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of standard sprocket.

Fig. 8 is the structural representation that has ground off the sprocket wheel (17) of a side among Fig. 1.

Fig. 9 is the master drawing of marker among Fig. 1 (23).

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the utility model has handle (5), is welded on the depth control fork (3) on the handle (5), and land wheel (1) is contained on the depth control fork (3) by screw, and bicycle freewheel (2) is fixed on the land wheel (1).It is integrally welded to plant bucket (4) and grain tube (7) and seeding unit (18), is installed on the handle (5) with screw.Press wheel (14) and time mud plate (13) are installed on the seeding unit (18) with screw.

As shown in figures 1 and 3, dividing plate (19) is arranged on the seeding unit (18), plough (21) and pressure waterway bar (20) are welded on the dividing plate (19), and marker (23) is dismantled and assembled on dividing plate (19) with screw, and spring (22) pincers are contained on the marker (23).Go out projection iron block (15) on dividing plate (19), platen iron hoop (10) is welded on the projection iron block (15), and nail wheel (6) is contained on the platen iron hoop (10), is with plastics (or rubber) grooves (11) of a circle on the platen iron hoop (10).Main shaft (16) is arranged on the seeding unit (18) and be fastened on sprocket wheel (17), the seed taking disc (9) that can thereupon rotate on the main shaft (16) and lead kind dish (12), equidistantly distributed on the seed taking disc (9) and got kind of a spoon (8), as shown in Figure 5.

As shown in Figure 2, have on the dividing plate of the present utility model (19) to let out kind of a mouth (24) and be welded on and protect kind of an arc (25) on the dividing plate.

For getting better kind, plant clearly, let out kind and seeding, seeding unit (18) tilts to install, and 25 ° of best results are got at 15 °-30 ° at inclination angle.Main shaft (16) on the seeding unit (18) also tilts thereupon, thereby the bicycle freewheel (2) on sprocket wheel on the main shaft (17) and the land wheel (1) has had an about angle of the crossing of 25 °.Take off chain during chain drive easily, the utility model takes following design to address this problem: be contained on the land wheel (1) with bicycle freewheel (2), guarantee the unidirectional transmission of chain, see it is to rotate counterclockwise (as Fig. 1), not transmission of bicycle freewheel when sower falls back (2) in this machine direction of advance left side.Install and the roughly same plane of bicycle freewheel (2) on the top of sprocket wheel (17), tooth and chain engages when guaranteeing transmission on the bicycle freewheel; The plane of bicycle freewheel (2) has been deflected away from because of inclination in the bottom of sprocket wheel (17), for guaranteeing tooth and the chain engages on the sprocket wheel (17), the crown on the sprocket wheel (17) is ground off a side.As shown in Figure 7, the crown bilateral symmetry of standard sprocket.As Fig. 8, the utility model all grinds off or grinds off major part to a side of the crown on the sprocket wheel (17), and sprocket wheel (17) just meshes finely with chain during unidirectional like this transmission, does not take off chain.Intersection transmission although it is so is all easy to wear to sprocket wheel and chain, but has only several days because of 1 year peasant's sowing time, and service time is short, and it is little to load, so this wearing and tearing can be ignored fully.If with umbrella tooth or other transmission, not only cost is high but also heavy, runs into silt followingly when working and also is easy to go wrong.Sprocket wheel (17) is fastened on the main shaft (16) with screw, and is replaceable, changes the different sprocket wheel (17) of the number of teeth and can regulate the sowing spacing in the rows.

As shown in Figure 4, the utility model is designed to lattice-shaped leading kind of a dish (12), and the outer jag of grid (26), guarantees the accuracy of seeding.As shown in Figure 1, when this machine advances, see seed taking disc and lead kind of a dish in the left side of the direction of machine travel and all rotate counterclockwise, the seed movement that seed taking disc (9) dips to dividing plate (19) top let out kind of a mouth (24) time, fall in the effect of gravity and nail wheel and to lead in kind of the grid of dish (12), in grid, rotate counterclockwise, do not protect blocking of kind of an arc (25) when moving to foot and fall into seed furrow with leading kind dish (12).The outer jag of grid makes seed leave from a very narrow outlet and leads kind of a dish, reduced the front and back error of sowing, and can guarantee to lean on very closely after two seeds land when broadcasting two grain peanuts.Seed leaves when leading kind dish because of rotating counterclockwise relative sower initial velocity backward with what lead kind of dish, and the pace of this initial velocity and sower offsets.The utility model has strengthened a diameter of leading kind dish (12), that is to say and has strengthened this initial velocity, this initial velocity is backward equaled or near the pace of sower, thus seed when landing speed almost nil, make seed land to roll very little.Increasing is led kind of dish and has also been reduced the height of charging seed, the dish bottom of leading kind of the present utility model is almost near the bottom of trench of seed furrow, seed leaves leads kind of dish and promptly drops in the seed furrow through about 3 a centimetres path, and have an initial velocity backward, thereby roll hardly after landing, guaranteed the accuracy of sowing.Determine to lead kind of the diameter of dish (12) according to sower pace and making difficulty or ease.If it is too little to lead kind of dish diameter, the uniformity effect of sowing is just poor; If too big, then strengthen cost of manufacture.According to test, the diameter of leading kind dish (12) during than big 30-250 centimetre of seed taking disc (9) effect better.Lead kind of desirable 24 lattice of grid, 20 lattice, 18 lattice, 12 lattice of dish (12), the utility model is got 24 lattice.

The seed taking disc (9) that rotates is easy to be blocked by silt or chip, the utility model takes following mode to solve: be superimposed upon on the seed taking disc (9) with a platen iron hoop (10), surround the seeding unit inner chamber of a dress seed, allow seed taking disc (9) around exposed, silt or chip are easy to automatic removing.Be to reduce the wearing and tearing of iron hoop, entangle platen iron hoop (10) with plastics (or rubber) grooves (11) of a circle to the seed taking disc that rotates.As shown in Figures 2 and 3.

Big and pasting dividing plate (19) and rotating because of leading kind dish (12) diameter, thus require dividing plate (19) indeformable as far as possible, thereby platen iron hoop (10) can not directly be welded on the dividing plate (19).The utility model is gone out several projection iron blocks (15) on dividing plate (19), platen iron hoop (10) directly or indirectly is welded on the projection iron block (15), and such welding makes dividing plate (19) be out of shape hardly.As shown in Figures 2 and 3.

As shown in Figure 1, plough (21), pressure waterway bar (20), marker (23) all are on the dividing plate (19) that is directly installed on seeding unit.Pressing the effect of waterway bar (20) is the bottom of trench compacting, makes seed easily absorb moisture, drought resisting, and also available runner boot replaces plough of the present utility model (21) and presses waterway bar (20).The effect of marker (23) is the position of determining the next line sowing, and can support sower.Fuselage rocks the sowing Effect on Performance when paddling in order to reduce, the front end pincers shock mount (22) (as shown in Figure 9) of marker (23).

As Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6, the outer rim of seed taking disc (9) be equally spaced the spoon or the type hole.Seed taking disc of the present utility model has four kinds, is respectively soybean dish, simple grain peanut dish, two peanut dishes, corn dish.24 spoons of soybean dish, 12 spoons of simple grain peanut dish, 8 type holes of two peanut dishes, 6 spoons of corn dish.

The course of work of this sower is: toward planting bucket (4) seed of packing into, seed falls into the bottom of seeding unit (18) through grain tube (7).When this machine advanced, land wheel (1) rotated, and bicycle freewheel (2) rotates thereupon, drove sprocket wheel (17) and then drove seed taking disc (9) and lead by chain and kind coil (12).When seed taking disc (9) rotates; kind of the spoon (8) of getting on it dips several seeds in the bottom of seeding unit (18); seed constantly rises with the rotation of seed taking disc (9); unnecessary seed is at the action of gravity seeding unit (18) that falls back in uphill process; remaining two of meeting the requirements or three seeds with get kind of a spoon (8) move on the dividing plate (19) let out kind of a mouth (24) time; fall in the effect of gravity and nail wheel (6) and to lead in kind of the grid of dish (12); in leading kind of the grid of dish (12), rotate with leading kind of a dish; protecting kind of an arc (25) keeps off seed in the grid of leading kind of dish; when seed with leading kind of dish when moving to the foot of seeding unit; do not protect blocking of kind of an arc (25); seed leaves under action of gravity leads kind dish (12) and falls in the seed furrow that plough (21) leaves; afterwards through press wheel (14) compacting seed soil on every side; return mud plate (13) and move flat seed furrow, finish the sowing process.

Claims

1. the high accuracy sower is by handle (5), plant bucket (4), land wheel (1), seeding unit (18), press wheel (14) and time mud plate (13) are formed, the main shaft (16) that tilts to install is arranged on the seeding unit (18), sprocket wheel (17), seed taking disc (9) and lead kind dish (12) and be fixed on the main shaft (16), can rotate thereupon, a platen iron hoop (10) that is overlapping plastics or rubber groove (11) is superimposed upon on the seed taking disc (9), plough (21), press waterway bar (20) and marker (23) to be fixed on the dividing plate (19) of seeding unit (18), a side that it is characterized in that the crown of sprocket wheel (17) all grinds off or grinds off major part, make lattice-shaped leading kind of a dish (12), and the outer rim jag of grid (26) strengthens leading kind of the relative seed taking disc of diameter (9) of dish (12).

2. high accuracy sower according to claim 1 is characterized in that said kind of the dish (12) of leading is than big 30-250 centimetre of seed taking disc (9) diameter.