CN201610538U - River bottom peeling off simulation test device of hyperconcentrated flood - Google Patents
River bottom peeling off simulation test device of hyperconcentrated flood Download PDFInfo
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- CN201610538U CN201610538U CN2009202176544U CN200920217654U CN201610538U CN 201610538 U CN201610538 U CN 201610538U CN 2009202176544 U CN2009202176544 U CN 2009202176544U CN 200920217654 U CN200920217654 U CN 200920217654U CN 201610538 U CN201610538 U CN 201610538U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a river bottom peeling off simulation test device of hyperconcentrated flood, which comprises a test water tank, a simulated riverbed is arranged on the test water tank, and the simulated riverbed consists of the following two layers: the lower layer is a coarse sand layer which adopts coarse-grained fly ash with the median particle diameter of 0.05mm to simulate and has the thickness of 40-45cm, the upper layer is a gumming dirt layer which adopts very fine fly ash with the median particle diameter less than 0.01mm to simulate and has the thickness of 1-3cm, wherein the bed gradient of the simulated riverbed is 4 per mill; and a muddy water inlet section is arranged at the left end of the test water tank, a muddy water outlet section is arranged at the right end, the muddy water outlet section is communicated with a recession pond, the recession pond is communicated with the test water tank through a water tank circulation pipeline, and a flat plate gate is arranged between the muddy water outlet section and the test water tank. The utility model provides a feasible test device for researching a difficult problem of the river bottom peeling off phenomenon of the Yellow River, lays a foundation for understanding the mechanism of the river bottom peeling off phenomenon and establishing a river bottom peeling off erosion index and plays a positive role of the development of the subject of river sediment.
Description
Technical field:
The utility model relates to a kind of hydraulic model, particularly a kind ofly simulates the high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test device that high sand-containing flood is taken off the starting of river bed and fixed cohesive soil.
Background technology:
In sections such as the Xiao Bei master stream, the Yellow River and the Weihe River, when by the high sediment concentration flood, the riverbed tends to take place violent lumped scour, deposits, precipitates through the regular period in early stage, and density is big, higher " the clay layer " of intensity, taken off from the bed surface sometimes lift and, rolled-up as volume " carpet ", become piece, surface in flakes, area can reach several square metres even tens square metres, broken at short notice then, collapse, broken up by current and take away.The masses call " taking off the river bed " visually to the phenomenon of acutely washing away in riverbed under this high sand-containing flood condition.The Yellow River " one of endemism of hyper-concentration flow motion ".Because " taking off the river bed " phenomenon formation condition is more special, comprise the water conservancy working person that is operated in the bank, the Yellow River all the year round and along the yellow masses, the people that can really witness " taking off the river bed " phenomenon seldom thereby have the title of the century-old wonder in the Yellow River.In case this thing happens, strong incision often takes place in the riverbed, and flood peak of severe patient can be with the riverbed towards dark several meters and even nearly ten meters." take off the river bed " and wash away and have strong washing away and make the groove effect, can recover the river course well and cross big vast ability; But wash away simultaneously and often cause migrating of river course major trough, make engineering the slide position and constantly change, cause easily that river engineering is heavy stings, caves in, increase the complexity of emergency flood fighting in flood season; Particularly because the riverbed is washed away significantly, the great river drawdown causes the machine electric pumping station separation of flow along the river, badly influences littoral industrial and agricultural production.Since last century the seventies, this phenomenon just is subjected to showing great attention to of domestic and international water conservancy working person, and carried out a large amount of research, for further being familiar with " taking off the river bed " phenomenon, people lay a good foundation, but because the randomness that " taking off the river bed " phenomenon takes place, be difficult to record stronger " taking off the river bed " field data of followability in practice, restricted the foundation that " taking off the river bed " washes away index.For this reason, have to by this problem of model investigation.Yet, the relevant report that the river bed " is taken off " in the achievement of also having no talent at present simulation the Yellow River.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and a kind of the Yellow River phenomenon of " taking off the river bed " of successfully simulating is provided, and the high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test device of hydraulic parameters is provided for the research the Yellow River phenomenon of " taking off the river bed ".
The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in that
A kind of high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test device is provided, this experimental rig comprises experimental tank, on experimental tank, be furnished with the simulation riverbed, described simulation riverbed is made up of two-layer: the rough sand layer that lower floor simulates for the coarse granule flyash that adopts median particle diameter 0.05mm, thickness is 40～45cm, the upper strata is for adopting " the clay layer " of median particle diameter less than the impalpable powder coal ash simulation of 0.01mm, and thickness is 1～3cm, and the bed surface ratio in simulation riverbed reduces to 4 ‰; Be provided with stirring pool in the experimental tank outside, in stirring pool, be provided with submersible pump, submersible pump is connected with experimental tank by the tank circulating line, electromagnetic flowmeter and autocontrol valve are installed on the tank circulating line, the left end of experimental tank is the muddy water inducer, right-hand member is the muddy water outlet section, and muddy water outlet section and water-break pond are connected, the water-break pond is connected by tank circulating line and experimental tank, between muddy water outlet section and experimental tank, be provided with bulkhgead gate, experimental tank is equipped with needle water level gauge and surveys bridge with moving, and moves the survey bridge current meter is installed, and is used for following measurement waterpower silt parameter at different parts.
The utlity model has following good effect: because " taking off the river bed " phenomenon has stronger randomness, be difficult in the detailed hydraulic parameters of acquisition on the prototype, therefore go deep into systematic research, must carry out the flume test of indoor control as if this problem is carried out.This difficult problem of phenomenon provides feasible test method and device to the utility model for the river bed " is taken off " in research the Yellow River, for this water conservancy industry difficult problem of starting of studying fixed cohesive soil provides feasible test method; Lay a good foundation for seeing clearly that " taking off the river bed " phenomenon genesis mechanism, foundation " are taken off the river bed " and washed away index, certain positive role has been played in the discipline development of river load.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is an experimental rig structural representation of the present utility model.
The specific embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1, the high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test device comprises experimental tank 1, on experimental tank, be furnished with simulation riverbed (not shown), described simulation riverbed is made up of two-layer: the rough sand layer that lower floor simulates for the coarse granule flyash that adopts median particle diameter 0.05mm, thickness is 40～45cm, the upper strata is for adopting " the clay layer " of median particle diameter less than the impalpable powder coal ash simulation of 0.01mm, and thickness is 1～3cm, and the bed surface ratio in simulation riverbed reduces to 4 ‰; Experimental tank 1 outside is provided with stirring pool 2, in stirring pool 2, be provided with submersible pump 3, submersible pump 3 is connected with experimental tank 1 by tank circulating line 4, electromagnetic flowmeter 5 and autocontrol valve 6 are installed on tank circulating line 4, the left end of experimental tank 1 is a muddy water inducer 7, right-hand member is a muddy water outlet section 8, and muddy water outlet section and water-break pond 9 are connected, water-break pond 9 is connected by tank circulating line 4 and experimental tank 1, between muddy water outlet section 8 and experimental tank 1, be provided with bulkhgead gate 10, experimental tank 1 is equipped with needle water level gauge 11 and moves and survey bridge 12, mobile the survey on the bridge 12 current meter is installed, is used for following measurement waterpower silt parameter at different parts.
Utilize this experimental rig, carry out high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test:
(1), select the flyash simulation riverbed layering of three groups of gratings for use:
By the prototype Field Research and to the scene in " taking off the river bed " riverbed, section excavation, confirm that " taking off the river bed " riverbed, section is the stratification alluvial, therefore the riverbed also must adopt the form of layering in test.Utilize flyash as model sasnd, choose Zhengzhou Heating ﹠ Power Plant's flyash as model sasnd, after strict waterpower sorting, adopt the clay piece of median particle diameter less than the impalpable powder coal ash simulation deposit of 0.01mm, i.e. " clay layer ", adopt the fine powdered coal simulation of median particle diameter 0.03mm outstanding husky, adopt the coarse granule flyash simulation loose media bed material of median particle diameter 0.05mm, i.e. the rough sand layer; With thickness is that the described coarse granule flyash of 40～45cm is laid on the experimental tank bottom, represents the rough sand layer; At rough sand layer upper berth system thickness is the fines flyash simulation " clay layer " of 1～3cm.
(2), the casting analogy method of flocculation fixed " clay layer ", utilize the casting mode to simulate " clay piece " flocculation consolidation style: how simulating " the clay piece " that exist on the riverbed also is one of key point of this scheme, when different floods takes place in different tributaries under the natural situation, because the difference of sediment source, flood sand content and silt grating causes the river course to become the bedding alluvial.Particularly, when the flood fines sediment charge that is come is higher, be subjected to the flocculation of fines sand grain, silt deposits into piece, and in certain period, fixed gradually, densification form " clay piece ".Can take in test to simulate " clay piece " in the mode of casting.
At first in the bucket of containing water that median particle diameter is poured on less than the impalpable powder coal ash of 0.01mm, make sand content 800～1000kg/m
3Slurry, utilize agitator that impalpable powder coal ash slurry is stirred then, and with in the space of reserving on the coarse granule fine coal grieshoch of its pouring in tank, through 2～3 hours condense, make its fixed gradually formation clay piece, be consolidated into " the clay layer " of piece with simulation, be under 10%～45% the condition at moisture content, the impalpable powder coal ash adhesion stress that is consolidated into piece is about 28～35Kpa, satisfy the requirement of the adhesion stress 25～40KPa of prototype clay piece, guaranteed that the adhesion stress of test clay piece self is similar substantially to prototype.
(3), hyper-concentration flow is moulded analogy method:
Test must be carried out in special-purpose experimental rig, and the structure of special-purpose experimental rig as shown in Figure 1.This test water flute length 31.5m, wide 0.80m, the import of pilot system utilizes Shanghai Hongqiao submersible type dredge pump to draw water, and the flow maximum can reach 54l/s during clear water, and inlet flow rate adopts electromagnetic flowmeter to control.Tank import, test section, tail-gate water level are measured by chaining pin.Flat gate control is adopted in test, and water enters the water-break pond after going out gate, just draws back the import stirring pool immediately, constitutes whole test tank self-circulation system.Being made into sand content in the fine powdered coal adding stirring pool with median particle diameter 0.03mm in the test is 100～300kg/m
3Hyper-concentration flow, stir, enter experimental tank to guarantee current, be hyper-concentration flow completely, simulate the natural high sand-containing flood of the Yellow River with this.
(4), the high sand-containing flood test method of " taking off the river bed ":
Test initial water troughstand face ratio reduces to 4 ‰, after landform shop system is finished 24h, begins to test, and wherein import sand content is 100kg/m
3, after the circulation, continue to increase inlet flow rate, observation tank major test section flow-shape changes, and utilize pertinent instruments to measure relevant waterpower silt parameter, and until the generation of " taking off the river bed " phenomenon, the waterpower silt parameter that phenomenon that the stronger high sand-containing flood of acquisition followability " is taken off the river bed " takes place.
" clay piece " certain rigidity should be arranged: in order to guarantee " take off the river bed " deposit became uncovering of piece when phenomenon took place, " take off the river bed " in the test simulation and generally will satisfy certain rigidity, the general thick 1cm～3cm of piece, piece is thick more, and the energy that needs when uncovering is big more.
In the test landform making in early stage, system 40～45cm thick coarse granule flyash in shop utilizes section plate control tank bed surface ratio to reduce to 4 ‰, and tamps closely knit with water-soaked earlier.On coarse granule fine coal grieshoch,, fill the impalpable powder coal ash at this in the future, simulate the clay piece with this by the size headspace of design clay piece.
After landform shop system is finished 24h, begin to discharge water, before test discharges water, to shooting with video-corder of duration of test as having carried out sufficient preparation.On-test, utilized the import barrier valve, the inlet flow rate of tank is controlled to be 20l/s, water level and fluidised form in the tank are all more stable always, only more violent at the front end place of tank clay piece flow turbulence, testing crew goes to touch these positions with hand, the meal coal seam of very thin one deck that discovery is spread on the clay piece has at first taken place to wash away, and the front end of clay piece (" lens ") has also taken place to wash away thereupon, and scour hole, the local scour process of the very similar bridge pier of local scour of this clay layer leading edge have been formed.Because clay piece impact resilience is strong, but the clay piece is not broken up, ten minutes have approximately been continued, find that the clay piece is not uncovered in the tank, then by valve inlet flow rate is transferred to 27l/s, along with the increase of flow, certain variation has taken place in tank, the front end scour hole of clay piece further increases, but does not still have " taking off the river bed " phenomenon to take place.Therefore flow is continued to increase, transfer to 30l/s, flow has just continued not have a few minutes, the test section fluidised form of finding the shop fine powdered coal has significant variation, seem to have one water dike to form in the tank, for a moment, (0.3m * 0.3m * 0.02m) is uncovered by current and surfaces a clay piece.Touched bottom of gullet with hand, find to spread the thin clay piece of system position and taken off sky, local scour has taken place on every side accordingly, some thin especially clay pieces have also been taken off away simultaneously, but do not surface, just find to be flushed away when just going to touch with hand.At last, flow is also increased to 40l/s gradually, some bigger clay pieces that harden were also uncovered and were surfaced this moment.After corresponding having uncovered of clay piece of pawnshop system, the declaration off-test of cutting off the water.
Claims (1)
1. high sediment concentration waterflood river bed tearing simulation test device, it is characterized in that: this experimental rig comprises experimental tank (1), on experimental tank (1), be furnished with the simulation riverbed, described simulation riverbed is made up of two-layer: the rough sand layer that lower floor simulates for the coarse granule flyash that adopts median particle diameter 0.05mm, thickness is 40～45cm, the upper strata is for adopting " the clay layer " of median particle diameter less than the impalpable powder coal ash simulation of 0.01mm, and thickness is 1～3cm, and the bed surface ratio in simulation riverbed reduces to 4 ‰; Be provided with stirring pool (2) in experimental tank (1) outside, in stirring pool (2), be provided with submersible pump (3), submersible pump (3) is connected with experimental tank (1) by tank circulating line (4), electromagnetic flowmeter (5) and autocontrol valve (6) are installed on tank circulating line (4), the left end of experimental tank (1) is muddy water inducer (7), right-hand member is muddy water outlet section (8), and muddy water outlet section and water-break pond (9) are connected, water-break pond (9) is connected by tank circulating line (4) and experimental tank (1), between muddy water outlet section (8) and experimental tank (1), be provided with bulkhgead gate (10), experimental tank (1) is equipped with needle water level gauge (11) and moves and survey bridge (12), move survey bridge (12) current meter is installed, be used for following measurement waterpower silt parameter at different parts.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2009202176544U CN201610538U (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2009-09-29 | River bottom peeling off simulation test device of hyperconcentrated flood |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102966069A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-13 | 同济大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating effects of different forms and combinations of spur dikes on water flow and sediments |
| CN103195012A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 清华大学 | Terrain manufacture rack for ecological river channel model |
| CN103388320A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-11-13 | 天津虹炎科技有限公司 | Washing judging method for river bottom uncovering of high-sandiness flood |
| CN103422461A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for judging 'bottom tearing' scour caused by hyper-concentration floods |
| CN103422460A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for comprehensively distinguishing high-sand-content flood river-bottom-tearing washing critical conditions |
| CN109610402A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-12 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Low sand content density current physical model and its test method |
| CN110344365A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 山西省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Long paragraph abutment scour simulation model and experimental method |
-
2009
- 2009-09-29 CN CN2009202176544U patent/CN201610538U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102966069A (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-03-13 | 同济大学 | Testing apparatus for simulating effects of different forms and combinations of spur dikes on water flow and sediments |
| CN103195012A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2013-07-10 | 清华大学 | Terrain manufacture rack for ecological river channel model |
| CN103422461A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for judging 'bottom tearing' scour caused by hyper-concentration floods |
| CN103422460A (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2013-12-04 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for comprehensively distinguishing high-sand-content flood river-bottom-tearing washing critical conditions |
| CN103422461B (en) * | 2013-07-17 | 2015-06-10 | 华北水利水电大学 | Method for judging 'bottom tearing' scour caused by hyper-concentration floods |
| CN103388320A (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2013-11-13 | 天津虹炎科技有限公司 | Washing judging method for river bottom uncovering of high-sandiness flood |
| CN103388320B (en) * | 2013-08-16 | 2015-04-15 | 天津虹炎科技有限公司 | Washing judging method for river bottom uncovering of high-sandiness flood |
| CN109610402A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-12 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | Low sand content density current physical model and its test method |
| CN110344365A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 山西省交通规划勘察设计院有限公司 | Long paragraph abutment scour simulation model and experimental method |
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Granted publication date: 20101020 Termination date: 20110929 |