CN201594146U - An automatic snowfall monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic snowfall monitoring device, which has a snowfall measuring ruler, a camera monitoring device, a data collector, a battery, a solar panel and a wind direction anemometer, wherein the snowfall measuring ruler is vertically installed on the ground, and the camera of the camera monitoring device The data collector receives the signal collected by the camera monitoring device and the wind direction anemometer, and the battery receives solar energy through the solar panel and converts it into electrical energy and outputs it to the data collector; the data collector communicates with the remote computer through wireless communication. The power supply system of the utility model operates stably, is less affected by external factors, transmits information quickly, has clear images, and can continuously complete several months of image storage, providing timely and important reference materials for snow rescue or short-term weather forecasting.

Description

An automatic snowfall monitoring device

technical field

The utility model relates to a snowfall thickness self-recording device, in particular to an automatic snowfall monitoring device.

Background technique

In recent years, various natural disasters have occurred continuously, and the most harmful ones are earthquakes, floods, fires, droughts, lightning, typhoons, snow disasters, frost, avalanches and mudslides. Natural disasters can destroy large tracts of deep forests, wash away or bury houses, destroy traffic lines, telecommunication equipment, vehicles, and large areas of farmland, etc., with high frequency and wide range, and great destructiveness. Activities, and the natural ecological environment have a great impact.

The snow in winter is mainly due to the influence of cold front weather. The front is the intersection of cold and warm air masses. If the cold air mass moves towards the warm air mass, a cold front is formed, and vice versa, it is a warm front. In winter, the temperature of the land is lower than that of the ocean, and a strong cold high pressure is formed inside the continent. The air flow radiates from the center of the high pressure to the surroundings. Among them, the air mass moving to the lower latitude is cold air mass in nature. When it meets the warm air mass, it forms a cold front. When the cold front passes through, cloudy and rainy weather will form in the south of my country, and snow will form in the north, with wind blowing and cooling.

The observation of snowfall is stipulated in the meteorological and hydrological departments. It is completely different from the standard of rainfall. The amount of rainfall is measured by the observer after melting the collected snow samples with a certain standard container ( mm). Snowfall refers to the amount of snowfall within a certain period of time, and there are different standards for 24 hours and 12 hours. The result is converted to the depth at which snow is converted into an equivalent amount of water, and the snow thickness is converted in a ratio of 1:15. So calculated, 55 mm of snowfall is about 82.5 cm thick snow. For observers, sampling, melting, measurement, ratio conversion, etc. are required every day during snowfall. If the set standard is 12 hours, then sampling must be repeated twice within 24 hours. , no longer increase the number of samples, so that it becomes a blind spot in the middle of the two samples.

Utility model content

Aiming at the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a high-precision monitoring of snowfall, combined with synchronous wind direction and speed data, to provide a relatively complete automatic snowfall change information. Snowfall monitoring device. .

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the utility model is:

The automatic snowfall monitoring device of the utility model has a snowfall measuring ruler, a camera monitoring device, a data collector, a battery, a solar panel and a wind direction anemometer, wherein the snowfall measuring ruler is vertically installed on the ground, and the camera of the camera monitoring device faces the snowfall measuring ruler , the data collector receives the acquisition signals from the camera monitoring device and the wind direction anemometer, the battery receives solar energy through the solar panel and converts it into electrical energy and outputs it to the data collector; the data collector communicates with the remote computer through wireless communication.

The data collector includes a camera interface, a decoding module, a video first-in-first-out module, a digital signal processing chip, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, an analog-to-digital conversion module, and a wireless module, wherein the decoding module receives the camera interface through the camera interface. The captured image information, the decoding module is used to decode the analog signal collected by the camera and convert it into a digital signal, the video first-in-first-out module receives the decoded snowfall measurement image information output by the decoding module, and the detection of the programmable logic device module The terminal decoding module is connected, the read-write and reset control terminal is connected with the video first-in-first-out module, and the control terminal is connected with the digital signal processor; the digital signal processor is connected with the wind direction anemometer through the analog-to-digital conversion module, and the remote computer through the wireless module Make a communication connection.

The snowfall measuring ruler is made of wood, with millimeter scale marks on it; the camera monitoring device is installed on a pile, and the pile is vertically placed on the ground; the camera monitoring device adopts an infrared waterproof and dustproof network Camera; the frequency signal measured by the wind direction anemometer is sent to the digital signal processing chip in the data collector through an underground cable.

The utility model has the following effects and innovations:

1. The utility model uses solar panels for power supply, which provides a feasible way to solve snowfall monitoring in remote areas without power supply. The power supply system operates stably and is less affected by external factors.

2. The utility model combines the camera monitoring device with the snow measuring ruler and the wind direction anemometer, which has reasonable design, fast information transmission, clear image, synchronous image and wind direction and speed signal, simple operation and high practical value.

3. The camera monitoring device adopts infrared waterproof and dustproof network camera, equipped with infrared camera distance of 10-50 meters, built-in 20GB SD card storage, storing tens of thousands of images, and can complete the image storage capacity of several months continuously. The image is clear, and the image is synchronized with the wind direction and speed signal.

4. The utility model increases the original snowfall sampling times to 6-8 times/24 hours through the timer in the data collector, which solves the blind area of time difference caused by long sampling intervals, and can, in the shortest time, The on-site first-hand data of snowfall intensity, wind direction and wind speed hundreds of kilometers away are displayed to the meteorological and hydrological departments, providing timely and important reference materials for snow rescue or short-term weather forecast.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of automatic snowfall monitoring device of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of the working principle of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the utility model data collector.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of automatic snowfall monitoring device of the utility model has snowfall measuring ruler 1, camera monitoring device 2, data collector 4, battery 5, solar panel 6 and wind direction anemometer 7, wherein snowfall measuring ruler 1 is vertical Installed on the ground, the camera of the camera monitoring device 2 faces the snowfall measuring ruler 1, the data collector 4 receives the acquisition signals of the camera monitoring device 2 and the wind direction anemometer 7, and the battery 5 converts the solar energy received by the solar panel 6 into electric energy output to the Data Collector4.

As shown in Figure 3, the data collector 4 includes a camera interface, a decoding module, a video first-in-first-out module, a digital signal processing chip, a digital signal processor, a programmable logic device, an analog-to-digital conversion module and a wireless module, wherein the decoding module The image information captured by the camera is received through the camera interface. The decoding module is used to decode the analog signal collected by the camera and convert it into a digital signal. The video first-in-first-out module receives the decoded snowfall measurement image information output by the decoding module, which is programmable The detection terminal of the logic device module is connected to the decoding module, the read-write and reset control terminal is connected to the video first-in-first-out module, and the control terminal is connected to the digital signal processor; the digital signal processor is connected to the wind direction and anemometer 7 through the analog-to-digital conversion module. The wireless module communicates with the remote computer.

The working principle of the data collector 4 is that the camera interface is connected with the camera, the image information is introduced into the data collector, and connected with the decoding module through the CVBS[4..0 port, and the decoding module is used to decode the analog signal collected by the camera , converted into a digital signal so that the back-end digital signal processor can process and forward the image information. After the decoding module decodes the analog image information, the decoded image information is first-in first-out module through the VPOBUS[21..0] bus, and the programmable logic device module detects the IDQ, IGPH, IGPV, GIO1 and RST1 signals are used to judge the image processing and decoding process. When a frame of image is processed, the digital signal processor is used to control the reading of data through INT0 INT1 nCEnRE, and the reading of the video first-in-first-out module is controlled through WE RE RRST WRST Write and reset control, coordinates the read operation of the video first-in-first-out module and the digital signal processor. The power module provides working power for the data collector, and converts the battery voltage to the 5V, 3.3V, 1.8V working voltage required by the data collector. The analog-to-digital conversion interface is connected to the wind speed and direction sensor, and the digital signal processor converts the The clock module provides the working clock frequency of the data collector. After frequency division by the digital signal processor, it provides the clock frequency to other modules of the data collector through FRCK and F_WCK. The program memory is used to store software programs, dynamic random access The memory is used for program running space and intermediate data storage, and the wireless module is used to send image information and wind direction and speed information to a remote computer for observation and analysis.

The camera monitoring device 2 adopts an infrared waterproof and dustproof network camera, equipped with an infrared camera distance of 10-50 meters, built-in 20GB SD card storage, and can store tens of thousands of images, which can continuously complete the image storage capacity of several months. The image is clear, and the image is synchronized with the wind direction and speed signal.

The height of stake 3 supporting the infrared network camera can be determined according to the local snowfall. In the present embodiment, the snowfall measuring ruler 1 adopts a long 1.5 meter, wide 0.2 meter, thick 0.1 meter wooden side (not including the underground part), The wooden square is provided with a centimeter scale line (see Figure 1), and the zero scale line is kept parallel to the horizon during installation, and the distance between the snowfall measuring ruler 1 and the camera is 8 to 10 meters.

In order to combine the weather environment during snowfall, as a reference data, equipped with EY1-A wind direction anemometer produced by Shanghai Longtuo Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd., the wind speed measurement range is 40m/s, the accuracy is ±0.5m/s, and the wind direction measurement range 0~360°, resolution 3°, working voltage 12V, working environment temperature -60℃~50℃, the distance between the wind direction and anemometer and the camera is 18~20 meters, and the erection height of the wind direction and anemometer is 10~12 meters .

In order to solve the snowfall monitoring in remote areas without mains electricity, the solar panel 6 is used for power supply, and the battery 5 is a valve-controlled sealed lead-acid battery 12v-100Ah. The storage battery is a maintenance-free series and can be replaced every two years.

Increase the number of times of snowfall sampling 1~2 times in the original 24 hours to 6~8 times of camera monitoring, which solves the blind spot of time difference caused by long sampling intervals. It is enough to set 6-8 camera monitoring within 24 hours.

When snowfall is formed, the thickness of the snowfall is displayed on the snowfall measuring stick 1, and the current thickness of the snowfall on the snowfall measuring stick 1 is photographed and stored in the data collector 4 by the camera monitoring device 2, which is an infrared network camera. The data measured by the wind direction anemometer 7 are sent to the data collector 4 for storage through the underground cable, and then the picture data in the data collector 4 and the wind direction and speed data at that time are sent to the remote end (tens of kilometers to hundreds of kilometers) by the wireless network transmission system. kilometers away) on a computer. The data measured by the anemometer 7 is synchronous with the snowfall time, so it is of great reference value; on the remote computer, the precipitation is converted according to the snowfall thickness in a ratio of 1:15. In actual application, the utility model increases the original snowfall sampling times from 1 to 2 times to 6 to 8 times for camera monitoring, which solves the blind area of time difference caused by long sampling intervals, improves the accuracy of snowfall monitoring, and combines the synchronous wind direction Wind speed data provide more complete information on changes in wind and snow.

Claims (6)

1. automatic snowfall monitoring device, it is characterized in that: have snowfall and survey chi (1), monitoring camera-shooting device (2), data acquisition unit (4), battery (5), solar panels (6) and anerovane (7), wherein snowfall survey chi (1) vertically is installed on the ground, the video camera of monitoring camera-shooting device (2) is surveyed chi (1) facing to snowfall, data acquisition unit (4) receives the acquired signal of monitoring camera-shooting device (2) and anerovane (7), and battery (5) receives conversion of solar energy by solar panels (6) and becomes electric energy to export data acquisition unit (4) to; Data acquisition unit (4) carries out communication with wireless communication mode and far-end computer.

2. by the described automatic snowfall monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition unit (4) comprises utilizing camera interface, decoder module, video first-in first-out module, digital signal processing chip, digital signal processor, programmable logic device (PLD), analog-to-digital conversion module and wireless module, wherein, decoder module receives the camera captured image information by utilizing camera interface, decoder module be used for camera collection to simulating signal decode, be converted to digital signal, video first-in first-out module receives the decoded snowfall of decoder module output and surveys the chi image information, the test side decoder module of programmable logic device (PLD) module links to each other, read-write and reseting controling end link to each other with video first-in first-out module, and control end links to each other with digital signal processor; Digital signal processor is connected to anerovane (7) by analog-to-digital conversion module, carries out communication by wireless module and far-end computer and is connected.

3. by the described automatic snowfall monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described snowfall is surveyed chi and is adopted flitch to make, and which is provided with a millimeter scale mark.

4. by the described automatic snowfall monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring camera-shooting device (2) is installed on the pile (3), and this pile (3) vertically is located at ground.

5. by the described automatic snowfall monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described monitoring camera-shooting device (2) adopts infrared waterproof and dustproof web camera.

6. by the described automatic snowfall monitoring device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the frequency signal that described anerovane (7) is measured, deliver to digital signal processing chip in the data acquisition unit (4) by underground cable.

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