CN201376956Y

CN201376956Y - Gasifier

Info

Publication number: CN201376956Y
Application number: CN200920126802U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 何培生; 何浩; 何双
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2009-03-26
Filing date: 2009-03-26
Publication date: 2010-01-06
Anticipated expiration: 2019-03-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a gasifier, which comprises a furnace body, a furnace cover, an air blower and a gas transmission system, wherein a partition board arranged inside the furnace body divides the furnace body into an upper gas producing chamber and a lower furnace dust chamber; a dust outlet and an air inlet are arranged under the furnace body, the air inlet is connected with the air blower; the gas transmission system includes a purifier, a secondary ventilating pipe, a waste gas pipe and a gas pipe; an air inlet pipe disposed under the purifier is connected with an air outlet arranged on the gas producing chamber, an air outlet pipe arranged above the purifier is connected with the gas pipe, one end of the secondary ventilating pipe is connected an air outlet of the air blower, the other end of the secondary ventilating pipe is connected with the gas pipe, a switching valve is arranged on the secondary ventilating pipe, the waste gas pipe is connected with the gas pipe, and a plurality of vent holes are disposed on the partition board. The gasifier is characterized in that the vent holes are evenly distributed on the periphery of the partition board. The gasifier is not easy to cause burning out, and has the advantages of high gas conversion rate and good energy saving property.

Description

A kind of vapourizing furnace

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of device that is used for fuel is converted into inflammable gas, specifically a kind of vapourizing furnace.

Background technology

Vapourizing furnace is that a kind of being mainly used in burnt biomass fuels such as wood chip, stalk, Chai He under anaerobic environment, thereby produces the device that inflammable gass such as carbon monoxide, methane are used again, and it is particularly suitable for vast rural area and uses.Existing a kind of vapourizing furnace, comprise body of heater, bell, gas blower and gas transmission system, the division plate that described body of heater inside is provided with the band ventilating pit is divided into the system air chamber on top and the ashes chamber of bottom with the body of heater inner chamber, the ashes chamber is provided with ash output hole and blast inlet, and described blast inlet links to each other with gas blower; Described gas transmission system comprises cleaner, secondary ventiduct, waste pipe and gas pipeline, air outlet on wherein the cleaner below is provided with inlet pipe and makes air chamber links to each other, the cleaner top is provided with escape pipe and is connected with gas pipeline, secondary ventiduct one end links to each other with blower outlet, the other end links to each other with gas pipeline, also be provided with switch-valve on the secondary ventiduct, waste pipe links to each other with gas pipeline.This existing vapourizing furnace can be realized the conversion of solid fuel to geseous fuel preferably, but occurs easily in use burning empty phenomenon, and the combustion gas transformation efficiency of vapourizing furnace is low.

In the prior art of vapourizing furnace, CN201193836Y has announced a kind of biomass gasifying furnace, this vapourizing furnace comprises propellant bottle, gas blower, with the combustion gas hay tank, propellant bottle is made up of cylindrical shell and cover, it is the carbonization system air chamber on top and the wind box of bottom that cylindrical shell divides cylindrical shell by the dividing plate of being with ventilating pit, establish blast inlet on the barrel of wind box, gas blower is installed on the blast inlet, establish air feed port on the top barrel of carbonization system air chamber, air-supply duct on the air feed port is communicated with the combustion gas hay tank, the combustion gas hay tank is by the soft pipe connection kitchen range, and cover is installed by water sealed tank in the top of cylindrical shell.It has, and raw material sources are wide, and purposes is wide, advantages such as safety and environmental protection.CN2459548Y has announced a kind of biomass gasifying furnace, comprise body of heater and blower fan, its body of heater is one the vertical cylinder in the end to be arranged, its top is provided with bell, its underpart is provided with fire bars, and fire bars is dedusting chamber down, and the furnace body outer wall front is provided with fire door, be provided with air outlet near the fire bars place, air outlet is connected in the air outlet tube of the outer blower fan of stove; Upper portion side wall at body of heater has outside induction pipe, and this induction pipe connects a threeway, and an outlet of this threeway connects the vertical chimney that makes progress, and another outlet of this threeway connects uses gas combustion apparatus; The utility model utilizes agricultural wastes through free of contamination burn processing, produces inflammable gas for multiple uses such as rural area and the cooking of family of samll cities and towns, heating, oven dry and hot water, and has advantage simple in structure, free from environmental pollution.But there is the low defective of combustion gas transformation efficiency equally in above-mentioned vapourizing furnace patent of the prior art.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is in order to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, does not burn empty phenomenon, combustion gas transformation efficiency height, the vapourizing furnace of good energy saving property and be not prone to when a kind of use is provided.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the utility model has adopted following technical scheme:

A kind of vapourizing furnace, comprise body of heater, bell, gas blower and gas transmission system, described body of heater inside is provided with division plate the body of heater inner chamber is divided into the system air chamber on top and the ashes chamber of bottom, the body of heater below is provided with ash output hole and blast inlet, described blast inlet is positioned at the ashes chamber outer wall and links to each other with gas blower, described gas transmission system comprises cleaner, secondary ventiduct, waste pipe and gas pipeline, air outlet on wherein the cleaner below is provided with inlet pipe and makes air chamber links to each other, the cleaner top is provided with escape pipe and is connected with gas pipeline, secondary ventiduct one end links to each other with blower outlet, the other end links to each other with gas pipeline, also be provided with switch-valve on the secondary ventiduct, waste pipe links to each other with gas pipeline, described division plate is provided with a plurality of ventilating pits, it is characterized in that: described ventilating pit be uniformly distributed in described division plate around, the meaning of " be distributed in described division plate around " promptly refers in the middle portion position of division plate ventilating pit is not set.

The inventor has anatomized defective of the prior art, the reason of find to occur burning empty phenomenon is because the intravital non-uniform temperature of stove during flame, temperature around the temperature of body of heater center is higher than, will cause bigger spatial joint clearance by first all burnt so be in body of heater intermediary fuel, empty phenomenon occur burning.Because fuel needs incomplete combustion just to help transforming inflammable gass such as discharging carbon monoxide in the body of heater, so after occurring burning empty phenomenon, gap cavity in the system air chamber between the fuel increases, most of fuel will directly burn in the system air chamber and generate carbonic acid gas, makes that the combustion gas transformation efficiency is low.At this point the intravital division plate of stove is improved in the technical program, with the ventilating pit on it only be arranged at division plate around, the division plate middle part is not provided with ventilating pit, the fuel combustion of temperature lower around the air major part that is blown into of gas blower has been used in the body of heater system air chamber like this, can make that the temperature around the system air chamber and the temperature of middle portion keep even substantially in the body of heater, fuel combustion is even like this, avoided burning the generation of empty phenomenon, and then improved the combustion gas transformation efficiency greatly, more energy-conservation.

Further, in position, system air chamber inner chamber periphery pairing division plate place ventilating pit is not set yet, specifically in two kinds of situation, a kind of situation is when body of heater is big, the division plate area is set to the cross-sectional area less than body of heater inner chamber top system air chamber, the inwall of the ashes chamber below division plate is provided with thermofin then, so just make the indoor chamber of ashes cross-sectional area less than system air chamber inner chamber cross-sectional area, can increase division plate upper vent hole air velocity, be beneficial to system gas, under this structure situation, the division plate upper vent hole is distributed in described division plate all around to periphery; Another kind of situation be when body of heater hour, the division plate area all is set to identical size with making air chamber inner chamber cross-sectional area and the indoor chamber of ashes cross-sectional area, the position of the periphery of division plate is not provided with ventilating pit in this case; Like this, ventilating pit under two kinds of situations all only is distributed in the middle portion of the mid-way of system air chamber horizontal section to peripheral position, can make that system air chamber fuel combustion is more even, avoid system air chamber peripheral temperature too high and cause heat to derive and cause waste simultaneously through body of heater.

Further improvement as the technical program, also be provided with the dividing plate and the residue outlet of band through hole in the described cleaner, wherein, dividing plate is arranged between inlet pipe and the escape pipe, residue outlet is arranged at the inlet pipe below, also is provided with filtering layer between described dividing plate and the escape pipe.Wherein said filtering layer is preferably materials such as pebbles or gravelstone grain.Cleaner in the prior art, usually be to adopt air to do heat-eliminating medium the mode that tar carries out condensation is filtered, poor filtration effect, like this, the tar that does not filter out just usually results in blockage in gas transmission system, being provided with filtering layer in the technical program filters, like this, combustion gas is through cleaner the time, wherein material such as gasiform tar run into the low filtering layer gravel of temperature just condensation get off to become liquid, the uniqueness setting of filtering layer has simultaneously increased the contact area of combustion gas when filtering greatly, and then increased the condensation effect of tar, solid impurities such as dust in the combustion gas simultaneously also can well be filtered at filtering layer, have the high characteristics of filter effect.

As the further improvement of the technical program, described ash output opening comprises that cinder hole and thin grey hole also are provided with the port lid of coupling separately, and wherein, the cinder hole is arranged at the lower sides of system air chamber, and thin grey hole is arranged at the sidewall of ashes chamber.The utility model is when just coming into operation, can light the intravital biomass fuel of stove by cinder hole or thin grey hole, use for some time ashes to put aside when too much, can draw cinder by the cinder hole, thin ash is drawn in thin grey hole, use and convenient, and when fuel is timber, also can obtain the imperfect combustion charcoal that generates by the cinder hole easily, charcoal can conveniently be used for igniting or accumulation is sold, simultaneously because ash output opening all is arranged at sidewall of the furnace body, thus can not occur clearing the ashes from a stove the time owing to the too high accident of scalding staff of port lid temperature.

As further optimizing again of the technical program, described gas pipeline is provided with four-way control valve, described twice aeration pipeline is connected in the relative two ends of four-way control valve with exhaust pipeline, described four-way control valve inside is provided with rotatable tee ball valve, outer setting has the rotating handles that links to each other with tee ball valve, can be that exhaust pipeline one end seals three ends unlatching in addition or the gas pipeline output terminal seals two kinds of user modes of three ends unlatching in addition by rotation rotating handles control four-way control valve; Like this when needs use vapourizing furnace, fire fuel, open gas blower, rotate rotating handles this moment and regulate the gas pipeline output terminal sealing three ends unlatching in addition of four-way control valve, the switch-valve of controlling again on the secondary ventiduct cuts out secondary ventiduct, kept this state one to two minute, allowing the interior waste gas of vapourizing furnace send through exhaust pipeline finishes, rotate rotating handles again and regulate the state that four-way control valve is other three ends unlatching of exhaust pipeline one end sealing, the combustion gas that produce in the vapourizing furnace this moment is used through gas pipeline output and access gas-cooker, so only the mutual conversion that a four-way control valve can be realized two states need be set, need not to establish switch more, make that control is convenient and the switching operation mistake can not occur.When using in the gas pipeline output terminal access gas-cooker, also can regulate the size of air output and then the size of adjusting and control gas-cooker flame simultaneously by the switch-valve on the secondary ventiduct.

Further optimization as the technical program, also be provided with compressing rod on the described bell, can be tightly connected by cushion rubber between described compressing rod and the bell, compressing rod is positioned at the binder dish that the intravital end of stove is provided with the band harrow nail with twitching, and the binder dish is that fire-retardant material constitutes; Can fuel be compressed by compressing rod, avoid burning the lasting increase in space, dead zone.On described bell, also can be further improved, be that bell and compressing rod combination section are provided with upwards or downward boss, this is owing to can produce big stress at compressing rod and bell combination section when using compressing rod, if thin bell or the cushion rubber of just damaging easily of bell, and then cause gas escape, boss the bell intensity that has strengthened compressing rod and bell combination section is set, overcome above-mentioned defective and helped the setting of O-ring seal, simultaneously only boss is set in the combination section, bell elsewhere thickness is constant, so compare with the bell of other same intensity, this structure can reach the effect of saving the bell material.

As the further improvement of the technical program, be that described body of heater periphery also is provided with the water interlayer of bringing the mouth of a river and water outlet into.When the vapourizing furnace time spent, be the interior water of waste heat heating water interlayer of reliable body of heater inside, so promptly make full use of body of heater inner fuel incendiary waste heat, simultaneously because specific heat of water is bigger, can also play the effect of insulation, make that vapourizing furnace is finished using after, the Mars of the inside can keep more for a long time, do not need once more to light a fire when using next time, easy to use.

As the step improvement again of the technical program, described body of heater and bell and system air chamber thereof are cuboid.Improvement is in order to make vapourizing furnace adapt to the fuel structure form in vast rural area more herein.Vapourizing furnace in the prior art, it is round shape, and the employed fuel in vast rural area mostly is bars such as stalk, so when putting into the round shape vapourizing furnace with regard to easily because of placing the improper bigger space that occurs, when burning, be prone to and burn the dead zone, be unfavorable for the conversion of combustion gas, avoid this generation of defects need with stalk broken more in small, broken bits, increased the fuel production process so again, the vapourizing furnace after the improvement, the system air chamber is a cuboid, only need stalk is made as the size isometric with it, can be placed into easily in the body of heater, bigger space can not occur, avoid above-mentioned generation of defects.

In the utility model, can also thermal insulation layer be set at the inboard wall of furnace body of vapourizing furnace, can avoid heat to leak, the Mars after vapourizing furnace uses also can keep more for a long time, makes use next time and need not igniting, and is convenient.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following advantage:

1, the unique design of division plate upper vent hole in the utility model makes that the vapourizing furnace in the utility model is not prone to the empty phenomenon of burning in use, has combustion gas transformation efficiency height, the advantage of good energy saving property.2, the unique texture of cleaner designs in the utility model, has changed the gas-purification mode of traditional vapourizing furnace, and the gas-purification good filtration effect is difficult for the gas transmission system of vapourizing furnace is resulted in blockage.3, the unique design of ash output opening in the vapourizing furnace of the present utility model makes igniting and draw ash all and convenient, scalds the accident of staff in the time of can not occurring drawing ash, and security is good.4, the unique design of four-way control valve in the utility model makes that gas transmission system control is convenient, the switching operation mistake can not occur, and is safe, and provides cost savings because of having reduced switching control pilot.4, the boss that bell and compressing rod combination section are provided with in the vapourizing furnace of the present utility model, make and under the situation of identical bell material, increased bell intensity, and help the setting of O-ring seal,, provide cost savings at the next bell material that reduced of the situation of identical bell intensity.5, the setting of water interlayer in the utility model fully has been beneficial to the body of heater waste heat, and is more energy-conservation, makes Mars can keep more for a long time simultaneously, and do not need once more to light a fire when using next time, easy to use.6, body of heater and bell and system air chamber thereof are cuboid in the utility model, make that when bars such as using stalk was done fuel, it is convenient that fuel is placed in the system air chamber, are not prone to burn the dead zone; The fuel production process is simple, so vapourizing furnace of the present utility model adapts to the practical situation in vast rural area more.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the fragmentary sectional elevation view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the left view of independent four-way control valve structure among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the left view of Fig. 3.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the utility model is described in further details.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, during concrete enforcement, this vapourizing furnace is made up of body of heater 1, the bell 2, gas blower 3, the gas transmission system that cooperate with body of heater 1 groove water-lute, be provided with division plate 4 in described body of heater 1 inside body of heater 1 inner chamber is divided into the system air chamber 5 on top and the ashes chamber 6 of bottom, body of heater 1 below is provided with ash output hole 7 and blast inlet 8, described blast inlet 8 is positioned at ashes chamber 6 outer walls and links to each other with gas blower 3, described gas blower 3 adopts and is provided with by-pass cock, the gas blower that can regulate the air output size; Described gas transmission system comprises cleaner 9, secondary ventiduct 10, waste pipe 11 and gas pipeline 12, air outlet 14 on wherein cleaner 9 belows are provided with inlet pipe 13 and make air chamber 5 links to each other, cleaner 9 tops are provided with escape pipe 15 and are connected with gas pipeline 12, secondary ventiduct 10 1 ends link to each other with gas blower 3 air outlets, the other end links to each other with gas pipeline 12, also be provided with switch-valve 16 on the secondary ventiduct 10, waste pipe 11 links to each other with gas pipeline 12,4 are provided with a plurality of ventilating pits 17 on the described division plate, described ventilating pit 17 be uniformly distributed in described division plate 4 around, a kind of preferred version during concrete enforcement is 8mm for diameter is set, quantity be ventilating pit about 30 to 40 around division plate, can reach preferable implementation result.

In order further to improve filter effect, the utility model in the specific implementation, the dividing plate 18 of band through hole and the residue outlet 19 of belt switch also can be set in described cleaner 9, wherein, dividing plate 18 is arranged between inlet pipe 13 and the escape pipe 15, residue outlet 19 is arranged at inlet pipe 13 belows, is provided with filtering layer 31 between described dividing plate 18 and escape pipe 15.Preferred pebbles or gravelstone grain when wherein said filtering layer 31 is specifically implemented.

The utility model in the specific implementation, described ash output opening 7 comprises cinder hole 71 and thin grey hole 72 and is provided with the port lid of coupling separately that wherein, cinder hole 71 is positioned at the lower end sidewall of system air chamber 5, is the cylinder setting; Thin grey hole 72 is arranged at the sidewall of ashes chamber 6, is the cuboid setting.Can draw cinder by cinder hole 71 like this, thin ash is drawn in thin grey hole 72, use and convenient, simultaneously because ash output opening 7 all is arranged at body of heater 1 sidewall, thus can not occur clearing the ashes from a stove the time owing to the too high accident of scalding staff of port lid temperature.

In order further to improve operation convenience, the utility model can be provided with four-way control valve 20 in the specific implementation on described gas pipeline 12, described twice aeration pipeline 10 and exhaust pipeline 11 are connected in the relative two ends of four-way control valve 20, as Fig. 3, shown in Figure 4, be provided with rotatable tee ball valve 21 in described four-way control valve 20 inside, outer setting has the rotating handles 22 that links to each other with tee ball valve 21, and can pass through rotation rotating handles 22 control four-way control valves 20 is that exhaust pipeline 11 1 ends seal three ends unlatching in addition or gas pipeline 12 output terminals seal two kinds of user modes of three ends unlatching in addition; So only the mutual conversion that a four-way control valve can be realized two states need be set, need not to establish switch more, make that control is convenient and the switching operation mistake can not occur.

During concrete enforcement, also be provided with compressing rod 23 on the described bell, can be tightly connected by cushion rubber 24 between described compressing rod 23 and the bell 2, the end that compressing rod 23 is positioned at body of heater 1 is provided with the binder dish 25 of being with harrow nail with twitching, and binder dish 25 can be preferably cast iron materials; Can fuel be compressed by compressing rod 23 like this, avoid burning the lasting increase in space, dead zone.In order to strengthen bell 2 intensity, be that bell 2 and compressing rod 23 combination sections also are provided with downward boss 26, also can also be that boss is set to form upwards certainly in the specific implementation.

In order to strengthen UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, in the specific implementation, described body of heater periphery also can be provided with the water interlayer 29 of bringing the mouth of a river 27 and water outlet 28 into, and water interlayer 29 can be lower than body of heater or contour with body of heater.

During concrete enforcement, body of heater 1 of the present utility model is cuboid with bell 2 and system air chamber 5 thereof, can make things convenient for the placement of bar shaped biomass fuel.In addition, leak for avoiding heat, also body of heater 1 inwall at vapourizing furnace is provided with thermal insulation layer 30.

Claims

1, a kind of vapourizing furnace, comprise body of heater, bell, gas blower and gas transmission system, described body of heater inside is provided with division plate the body of heater inner chamber is divided into the system air chamber on top and the ashes chamber of bottom, and the body of heater below is provided with ash output hole and blast inlet, and described blast inlet links to each other with gas blower; Described gas transmission system comprises cleaner, secondary ventiduct, waste pipe and gas pipeline, and the air outlet on wherein the cleaner below is provided with inlet pipe and makes air chamber links to each other, and the cleaner top is provided with escape pipe and is connected with gas pipeline; Secondary ventiduct one end links to each other with blower outlet, and the other end links to each other with gas pipeline, also is provided with switch-valve on the secondary ventiduct; Waste pipe links to each other with gas pipeline, and described division plate is provided with a plurality of ventilating pits, it is characterized in that: described ventilating pit be uniformly distributed in described division plate around.

2, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with the dividing plate and the residue outlet of band through hole in the described cleaner; Wherein, dividing plate is arranged between inlet pipe and the escape pipe, and residue outlet is arranged at the inlet pipe below, also is provided with filtering layer between described dividing plate and the escape pipe.

As vapourizing furnace as described in the claim 2, it is characterized in that 3, described filtering layer is that pebbles or gravelstone grain constitute.

4, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described ash output opening comprises cinder hole and thin grey hole and is provided with the port lid of coupling separately; Wherein, the cinder hole is arranged at the lower end sidewall of system air chamber, and thin grey hole is arranged at the sidewall of ashes chamber.

5, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described gas pipeline is provided with four-way control valve, described twice aeration pipeline is connected in the relative two ends of four-way control valve with exhaust pipeline, described four-way control valve inside is provided with rotatable tee ball valve, and outer setting has the rotating handles that links to each other with tee ball valve.

6, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with compressing rod on the described bell, can be tightly connected by cushion rubber between described compressing rod and the bell with twitching, and compressing rod is positioned at the binder dish that the intravital end of stove is provided with the band harrow nail.

7, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described bell and compressing rod combination section are provided with upwards or downward boss.

8, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described body of heater periphery also is provided with the water interlayer of bringing the mouth of a river and water outlet into.

9, vapourizing furnace as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described body of heater and bell integral body are cuboid.