CN201266871Y - Dynamoelectric liquid composite soft startup/stepless speed regulation transmission device for high-power heavy-load equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electromechanical hydraulic composite soft start/stepless speed regulating transmission device of large-power heavy-duty equipment, which is provided with a power input shaft sleeved in a planet carrier output shaft in a sliding way; one end of the power input shaft is connected with a main motor and the other end thereof is fixed at an inner hole of the planet carrier input shaft and is connected with a sun wheel shaft of the inner hole of the planet carrier output shaft so as to form backlash floating; on the planet carrier output shaft, encircling a round, at least two groups of planet wheels are fixed by a planet wheel shaft; each planet wheel is respectively and externally meshed with the sun wheel shaft and simultaneously is respectively meshed with an inner gear ring arranged at the outside of the planet carrier output shaft; the transmission device is also provided with a gear coupling which is connected with the inner gear ring in a teeth directional so as to form radial backlash floating; the gear coupling is fixed with a conical gear meshed with a conical shaft connected with a low power helper motor and is also simultaneously provided with a conical gear shaft which is connected with the conical gear and a hydraulic rotating functional element. The transmission device integrates the functions of soft start/stepless speed regulation and has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, low noise, compact structure, reliable performance and low cost.

Description

Large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device.

Background technology

When motor starts in load, can produce the starting current of 5～7 times of rated current intensity, concerning high power motor, great start-up current can produce very big impact to motor and electrical network; And when shutting down, make rotating speed prompt drop to zero control mode also can bring impact to equipment by momentary power failure, and reduce useful life, so under a lot of operating modes, do not allow the instantaneous shutdown of high-power machinery equipment, need the shutdown of steadily slowing down; At work, need to consider the steady stepless speed regulation problem of the caused high-power machinery equipment of working conditions change equally.Solve the problems of the technologies described above, just need adopt soft start/stepless speed regulation technology, make it can realize controlled soft start, soft stop, stepless speed regulation, functions such as automatic overload protection and many driving powers balance powerful device.

In machinery, motor and multidisciplinary fields such as electronics, fluid power and hydraulic pressure soft start/stepless speed regulation technology has been carried out deeply and extensive studies both at home and abroad, developed diversified soft start/speed regulating device or equipment, can be summed up as substantially: fluid-flywheel clutch soft start/speed governing, liquid viscosity soft start/speed governing, frequency control soft start, DC speed regulation soft start, power transformation resistance speed governing, friction speed-regulating, Hydraulic Adjustable Speed etc.Though respectively there are characteristics in these soft start/speed-regulating actuators or system, the also shortcoming that all has some can't make the user accept fully.Variable speed fluid coupling can change output speed and torque by the degree of filling of regulating working chamber liquid, has certain soft start function and speed governing ability.But long-term theoretical research and application practice show, it can't satisfy actual requirement far away on the function of soft start/speed governing and performance.The sticky shearing active force that liquid viscosity soft start/speed regulating device utilization is present in oil film between the driving and driven friction plate comes transferring power.This device can be realized stepless speed regulation and the synchronous operation between the master and slave moving axis within the specific limits, can carry out overload protection to drive system.But when soft start, motor is in the load starting state, and starting current is big, and the rush of current time is long, and the power of motor acts in the load by viscous torque, is not real No Load Start.Transmission efficiency is lower, and power loss is big, and heating is serious, and the device more complicated, and manufacturing and maintenance cost are higher.Frequency control soft start, DC speed regulation soft start, power transformation resistance speed governing, friction speed-regulating and Hydraulic Adjustable Speed etc. generally all adopt control main drive motor rotating speed or torque differences to reach two-way stepless speed regulation on electrical equipment control, guarantee that machine driven system seamlessly transits.Though RHVC has realized soft start, right powerful frequency-variable controller price is very expensive, and circuit wherein and electronic devices and components maintenance difficult, the maintenance cost height; The subject matter of DC continuous speed regulation/soft start is: high power direct-current motor is bulky, and costs an arm and a leg, and particularly the investment of transformer station is often very big, system complex.Under the environment of moist or many dirt, the commutator of DC motor, brushgear and silicon controlled control section need often to safeguard that maintenance cost is also very high.At present, the price of the price of high power DC governing system and big-power transducer is suitable.Though power transformation resistance speed governing also can realize soft start, power consumption is big, and the big more then use cost of power is high more, and control system is also complicated more, and it is also big more to take up room; Friction speed-regulating only is applicable to small-power, and when using when high-power, friction catch moment is big, and the frictional heating problem can't solve, and the friction speed-regulating mode is for big-and-middle-sized power master motor, and soft start also is far from being; Existing Hydraulic Adjustable Speed, though can realize soft start/stepless speed regulation, equipment easily leaks, noise is big, temperature is high, environment is had pollution, and efficient is low, fault is many, thereby integral working is not good.In addition, also have some soft initiator devices, be mainly used in the start-up course of motor, its output only changes voltage and does not change frequency, does not possess functions such as stepless speed regulation and power-balance, is mainly used in non-important middle low power transmission occasion.

During large power overloading equipment work, also must solve a problem of output overloading being limit the square protection.Many main equipments (as high-power belt conveyor) are to be driven by multiple motors, and when real work, the loading condition that drives each motor in the drive system may be different more.How to adopt the stepless speed regulation speed reduction gearing to guarantee many driving powers balance in the drive system, thereby the support equipment smooth working also is a problem drive more.

Take a broad view of above-mentioned various soft start speed device, a kind of both can having accomplished keeping in the constant absence of main motor speed, realizes the two-way stepless speed regulation of output speed and seamlessly transits; Can make high-power machinery equipment master electric motor starting electric current realize soft start less than rated current again; Possess functions such as the square protection of output overloading limit and many driving powers balance simultaneously; And can also accomplish that simple in structure, reliable working performance, manufacturing and working service are with low cost.Be used for the powerful device in down-hole and explosive place for some, transmission device also must can be realized explosion prevention function.

The utility model content

Technical problem to be solved in the utility model is, at the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of simple in structure, reliable working performance, manufacturing and the lower-cost large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device of working service are provided, realize the mechanical soft start of high-power main motor with the small-power stand-by motor, the great start-up current when solving powerful device and starting produces the problem of impacting to electrical network; To the machine driving continuous control, realize frequent two-way smooth stepless speed-regulating, soft stop, the square protection of output overloading limit and many driving powers balance in the powerful device work with the continuous controllable realization of fluid transmission.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the utility model adopted is: a kind of large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device, have the power input shaft of a sliding sleeve in planet carrier output shaft inside, this power input shaft one end is connected with main motor, the other end is fixed in the endoporus of planet carrier output shaft and connects and composes backlash with the sun wheel shaft that is positioned at planet carrier output shaft endoporus and floats, on the planet carrier output shaft, fix at least two group planetary gears by planet wheel spindle around one week of circle, each planetary gear all with sun wheel shaft external toothing mutually, it is characterized in that

Described planetary gear meshes mutually with a ring gear that is positioned at outside the planet carrier output shaft simultaneously, described ring gear teeth directional connection gear coupling and constitute radially backlash and float, described gear coupling is fixed on the extending area of planet carrier output shaft, fix a bevel gear on the described gear coupling simultaneously, the described bevel gear conical tooth shaft interior with being fixed in body is meshed, and the other end of described conical tooth shaft is connected with the rotating shaft of small-power stand-by motor; Described bevel gear simultaneously also with a bevel gear shaft external toothing of being fixed on the body, the other end of bevel gear shaft is connected with a spline gear, spline gear is fixed in the gears engaged that connects on the hydraulic rotating function element output shaft with at least one.

Described hydraulic rotating function element is oil pump or hydraulic motor.Described hydraulic rotating function element is fixed on the pedestal, and the connection gear on the described hydraulic rotating function element output shaft is fixed on the body by ball bearing.The part of described conical tooth shaft in body is installed in the body by rolling bearing and oil baffle, saturating lid, oil sealing and bolt, the other end external tooth of conical tooth shaft and the interior mutually engagement of gear shaft coupling, this gear shaft coupling links to each other by screw with the motor coupling, the motor coupling is connected with the rotating shaft of small-power stand-by motor, the small-power stand-by motor is mounted on the motor cabinet, and motor cabinet is fixed on the body.On body, this bearing pedestal is fixed on the big end cap end that described power input shaft stretches out body by big end cap, bearing pedestal, little end cap, oil sealing, bolt, and big end cap and body are tightly connected.Also be provided with the oil-draining locknut and the circulating pipe that are used to improve the hydraulic oil quality on the described body.The end that described planet carrier output shaft passes body by little end cap, oil sealing and bolt on body.

When the utility model is installed and used, the workpiece of large power overloading plant equipment should be connected with the planet carrier output shaft of the utility model device, and each hydraulic rotating function element (oil pump or hydraulic motor) outlet pressure signal outputed in the external control circuit of main motor, just can carry out work then.

Concrete operation principle of the present utility model is described below:

(1) realization of soft start: during work, at first start the microrunning of small-power stand-by motor, drive the planetary gear that meshes with ring gear through motor coupling, gear shaft coupling, conical tooth shaft, bevel gear and rotate.In theory, ring gear and planetary gear engagement can drive planet carrier output shaft and sun wheel shaft rotation, and this moment, the utility model transmission device became the differential gearing train of a single input (ring gear input), dual output (sun wheel shaft and planet carrier output shaft).But because the load that links to each other with the planet carrier output shaft is very big, the power of small-power stand-by motor is far smaller than the power of high-power main motor, so the input power of small-power stand-by motor can't drive the planet carrier output shaft and rotate, in fact the differential gearing train of this single input dual output becomes a planet carrier output shaft and fixes, the ring gear input, the fixed shaft gear train of sun wheel shaft output.Like this, the small-power stand-by motor is by ring gear, planetary gear and sun wheel shaft, drives the stall square inertia that high-power main rotor overcomes when starting through power input shaft again and rotates.When the small-power stand-by motor accelerates to control during rotating speed gradually, main motor also thereupon zero load accelerate to rated speed.When main motor reaches rated speed, automatic energized.Do not need main rotor to be quickened this moment again, so the starting current of high-power main motor will be very little, main motor starts under real idle condition, has also just finished the unloaded soft start of high-power main motor.

(2) realization of two-way stepless speed regulation: the power supply of small-power stand-by motor is cut off in main motor energized.Main motor remains in operation turning under the constant situation, and the former road of power is returned, and drives sun wheel shaft through power input shaft and imports as power, has formed a kind of single input, the dynamic branch state of dual output.Part power, drives through bevel gear shaft to bevel gear through the ring gear of differential gearing train, spline gear, connects hydraulic rotating function element (oil pump or the hydraulic motor) work that gear connects, the auxiliary output of meaning; Part power drives the large power overloading equipment workpiece through the planet carrier output shaft output of differential gearing train, the main output of meaning.According to speed discrepancy balance shunting rule, increase the outlet pressure of auxiliary output hydraulic rotating function element, the rotational resistance torque of bevel gear shaft is increased gradually, then the rotating speed of auxiliary output will reduce gradually, the power that is applied on the main workpiece of exporting will increase gradually, realize that workpiece is seamlessly transitted by zero speedup to rated speed.When workpiece reaches rated speed and needs to slow down later on, reduce the outlet pressure of auxiliary output hydraulic rotating function element, the rotational resistance torque of bevel gear shaft is diminished, then the rotating speed of auxiliary output will increase gradually, the power that is applied on the main workpiece of exporting will reduce, and realize that workpiece is seamlessly transitted to zero deceleration by rated speed.So just, realized main output by zero to rated speed and by rated speed to the zero two-way stepless speed regulation of acceleration, deceleration.

(3) realization of output overloading automatic protection functions: the allowable pressure of setting oil pump control of export pressure system according to the allowable load (output power torque) of equipment work mechanism; when the external applied load of system former thereby when surpassing allowable value because of some; main output torque increases; the corresponding increase of auxiliary output torque; the oil pump outlet pressure is because of surpassing controlled pressure overflow allowable; drive bevel gear shaft and produce differential slippage rotation; main output reduction of speed formula is stopped; prevent the damage of main motor and machine driven system overload; after outer load problems of too solved, normal operation can recover again in system.

(4) realizations that drive the main motor current balances: the oil pump outlet pressure controlling value of the soft start stepless speed regulating drive device of each drive point is set in the power torque that should bear according to each drive point of equipment more, when the load inequality occurring, the drive point power torque that bearing load is bigger increases, make the corresponding increase of this drive point oil pump outlet pressure, when the oil pump outlet pressure surpasses controlled pressure allowable, by the oil pump earial drainage, make bevel gear shaft produce differential slippage rotation, thereby make main output reduction of speed, receive certain load and till keeping balance automatically up to other underload drive point.

(5) realization of soft braking: when the needs soft stop; need not to turn-off main motor power; according to the rule of main motor power to main output and auxiliary output steering; according to predetermined decompression rule; gradually reduce the outlet pressure of auxiliary output hydraulic rotating function element; increase its power output, make the rotating speed of output shaft reduce to zero gradually, thereby realize the soft braking of plant equipment according to predetermined reduction of speed law curve.Identical with the operation principle of soft start, the braking time of soft braking also is adjustable.

(6) power saving function: if the utility model is applied to running environment and has certain haul distance gradient, and the high-power machinery equipment (as mine hoist and inclined shaft ribbon conveyer etc.) of frequent uplink and downlink, under the condition that safety and reliability are protected, can consider that the potential energy that utilizes himself and load deadweight to produce serves as descending operating mode power, energy savings.Be that descending operating mode does not start main motor (this moment, main motor was shut down braking); weight utilization deadweight is transferred; be equivalent to former main output and become the power reverse input; the rotation of drive working equipment; be equivalent to power reverse input planet differential transmitting linkage; right through bevel gear again, drive the hydraulic rotating function element running of auxiliary output, the unique output loading of power for this reason of hydraulic rotating function element this moment.Control hydraulic rotating function element outlet pressure is equivalent to increase load, i.e. the speed that may command weight deadweight is transferred makes that device security is controlled reliably transfers.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Soft start, stepless speed regulation, the square protection of output overloading limit and many power drive equilibrium function etc. are melted into a whole, and are a kind of transmission devices of Multi Role Aircraft electrohydraulic integration; 2. adopt ring gear and sun wheel shaft to float simultaneously, transmission efficiency height, noise are little, compact conformation, dependable performance; 3. adopt two-way controlled stepless speed regulation, can be operated on the speed of any setting; 4. realize the soft start of high-power main motor with the small-power stand-by motor, not only can alleviate the startup impact that drive system itself is subjected to significantly, prolong the useful life of key components and parts, simultaneously can also realize that main empty load of motor starting current is less than rated current, to the impact of electrical network, reduce the equipment investment of power supply facilities when avoiding powerful device to start; 5. the utility model device has been realized the output overloading limiting protecting, has guaranteed safe operation.6. the utility model device can be realized the main motor current balances that drive more, and the security of operation of uniting driving arrangement for the many motors of need provides safeguard.7. there is certain haul distance gradient in the utility model device as being applied to running environment, and on the high-power machinery equipment of frequent uplink and downlink, downward storke can need not power, transfers according to deadweight safety, saves electric energy.8. this transmission device also has explosion prevention function concurrently if be disposed at the powerful device in down-hole and other explosive place.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the forward cutaway view of a kind of concrete structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the syndeton cutaway view of the utility model and small-power stand-by motor and oil pump.

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the utility model comprises that body 1 and adopts rolling bearing 4 and 38 to be fixed on body 1 internal face and the planet carrier output shaft 6 of big end cap 39 inwalls, planet carrier output shaft 6 inner sliding sleeves have a power input shaft 32, one end of power input shaft 32 is fixed in the body 1 and is stretched out outside the body 1 by rolling bearing 75 and links to each other with the rotating shaft of main motor, and the other end then is fixed in the endoporus of planet carrier output shaft 6 by rolling bearing 76.The end that this power input shaft 32 is fixed in planet carrier output shaft 6 endoporus is provided with the involute spline internal tooth, and this involute spline internal tooth is connected with an end external tooth of the sun wheel shaft 30 that is positioned at planet carrier output shaft 6 endoporus and constitutes backlash and float.Sun wheel shaft 30 is equipped with the block 31 that both is carried out axial location with power input shaft 32 joints, and sun wheel shaft 30 other ends and planet carrier output shaft 6 carry out axial location by jacking block 29.On planet carrier output shaft 6, one week respectively be fixed with three groups of planetary wheel components by planet wheel spindle 24 around circle, every group of planetary wheel component is by a planetary gear 28 and be positioned at the rolling bearing 27 in planetary gear 28 holes and back-up ring 25 and spacer 26 constitute, and rolling bearing 27 and back-up ring 25 are fixed on the corresponding planet wheel spindle 24.Each planetary gear 28 all with sun wheel shaft 30 external toothing mutually, all mesh mutually simultaneously with a ring gear 17 that is positioned at planet carrier output shaft 6 outer bodies 1.The outer end of each planet wheel spindle 24 offers a Card trough and has a clamp 22 to be stuck in the groove, and clamp 22 usefulness bolts 23 are connected so that planet wheel spindle 24 is carried out axial location mutually with an end of planet carrier output shaft 6.

Also have in the body 1 outside planet carrier output shaft 6 with ring gear 17 mutually teeth directional connect to constitute the gear coupling 12 that backlash radially floats, gear coupling 12 adopts a pair of rolling bearing 8 and spacer 7 and spacer 9 to be fixed on the extending area of the planet carrier output shaft 6 that passes through its endoporus, two half-round clamping rings 14 snap in the grooving that gear coupling 12 end circumference radially offer, and the end face of two semicircle snap rings 14 is fixed in an end of ring gear 17 so that gear coupling 12 is carried out axial location with bolt 16.

Also be provided with a bevel gear 11 that is fixed on the gear coupling 12 in body 1, this bevel gear 11 is meshed with conical tooth shaft 77.Conical tooth shaft 77 by rolling bearing 78,79,80 and oil baffle 65, cover 66 thoroughly, oil sealing 67 and bolt 81 be installed in the body 1, the other end external tooth of conical tooth shaft 77 and gear shaft coupling 68 mutually in engagement.Gear shaft coupling 68 links to each other by soket head cap screw 70 with motor coupling 69, motor coupling 69 is connected with the rotating shaft of small-power stand-by motor 72, small-power stand-by motor 72 is mounted on the motor cabinet 71 by hex bolts 73, and motor cabinet 71 is fixed on the body 1 through bolt 74.

Also have in addition one with bevel gear 11 mutually the bevel gear shaft 45 of external toothing pass through rolling bearing 44,46,48 and circlip for shaft 43 is fixed in body 1 and the bearing pedestal 50, bearing pedestal 50 is fixed on the inwall of body 1 by hex bolts 49 and spring washer 63; The spline gear 60 that the other end spline external tooth and an endoporus of bevel gear shaft 45 are spline is connected, and by slotted nut 61 and split pin 62 in axial location, spline gear 60 is connected with at least one hydraulic rotating function element respectively through connecting gear 52.This hydraulic rotating function element can be oil pump or hydraulic motor.Adopt oil pump 59 in the present embodiment, the connection gear 52 in these oil pump 59 rotating shafts is meshed with spline gear 60, connects gear 52 and is fixed on the inwall and cover plate 55 of body 1 through ball bearing 51,53, and cover plate 55 is fixed on the body 1 through hex bolts 64; Pedestal 56 is fixed on the cover plate 55 through hex bolts 54, and oil pump 59 is fixed on the pedestal 56 through spring washer 57 and hex bolts 58.

The end that the preceding power input shaft of being addressed 32 passes big end cap 39 is fixed on the bearing pedestal 37 by small end lid 33, oil sealing 34 and hex bolts 35, play the effect of body-sealing 1, bearing pedestal 37 is fixed on the big end cap 39 by hex bolts 36, and big end cap 39 is tightly connected with body 1 by straight pin 40, O RunddichtringO 19, bullet pad 20, bolt 21; On body 1, also be provided with oil-draining locknut 41 and circulating pipe 42, be used to improve the hydraulic oil quality of depositing in the body 1; The end that the preceding planet carrier output shaft of being addressed 6 passes body 1 is fixed on the body 1 by small end lid 2, oil sealing 5 and hex bolts 3, plays the effect of body-sealing 1; Also design has an exhaust cap group 15, is fixed on the top of body 1 through bolt 13, and top design has the lifting bolt 18 of lifting usefulness simultaneously.

Claims (8)

1, a kind of large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device, have the power input shaft of a sliding sleeve in planet carrier output shaft inside, this power input shaft one end is connected with main motor, the other end is fixed in the endoporus of planet carrier output shaft and connects and composes backlash with the sun wheel shaft that is positioned at planet carrier output shaft endoporus and floats, on the planet carrier output shaft, fix at least two group planetary gears by planet wheel spindle around one week of circle, each planetary gear all with sun wheel shaft external toothing mutually, it is characterized in that, described planetary gear meshes mutually with a ring gear that is positioned at outside the planet carrier output shaft simultaneously, described ring gear teeth directional connection gear coupling and constitute radially backlash and float, described gear coupling is fixed on the extending area of planet carrier output shaft, fix a bevel gear on the described gear coupling simultaneously, the described bevel gear conical tooth shaft interior with being fixed in body is meshed, and the other end of described conical tooth shaft is connected with the rotating shaft of small-power stand-by motor; Described bevel gear simultaneously also with a bevel gear shaft external toothing of being fixed on the body, the other end of bevel gear shaft is connected with a spline gear, spline gear is fixed in the gears engaged that connects on the hydraulic rotating function element output shaft with at least one.

2, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hydraulic rotating function element is an oil pump.

3, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described hydraulic rotating function element is a hydraulic motor.

4, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hydraulic rotating function element is fixed on the pedestal, and the connection gear on the described hydraulic rotating function element output shaft is fixed on the body by ball bearing.

5, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the part of described conical tooth shaft in body is installed in the body by rolling bearing and oil baffle, saturating lid, oil sealing and bolt, the other end external tooth of conical tooth shaft and the interior mutually engagement of gear shaft coupling, this gear shaft coupling links to each other by screw with the motor coupling, the motor coupling is connected with the rotating shaft of small-power stand-by motor, the small-power stand-by motor is mounted on the motor cabinet, and motor cabinet is fixed on the body.

6, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the end that described power input shaft stretches out body by big end cap, bearing pedestal, little end cap, oil sealing, bolt on body, this bearing pedestal is fixed on the big end cap, and big end cap and body are tightly connected.

7, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also is provided with the oil-draining locknut and the circulating pipe that are used to improve the hydraulic oil quality on the described body.

8, large power overloading equipment mechanical-electrical liquid composite soft start/stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the end that described planet carrier output shaft passes body by little end cap, oil sealing and bolt on body.

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