CN102328886B - Winch reducer - Google Patents

Winch reducer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102328886B
CN102328886B CN 201110203714 CN201110203714A CN102328886B CN 102328886 B CN102328886 B CN 102328886B CN 201110203714 CN201110203714 CN 201110203714 CN 201110203714 A CN201110203714 A CN 201110203714A CN 102328886 B CN102328886 B CN 102328886B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
clutch
bearing
shaft
power take
piston
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Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN 201110203714
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102328886A (en
Inventor
韩永进
袁朝国
周钦松
孙奕顺
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Xuzhou Keyuan Hydraulics Co., Ltd.
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XUZHOU KEYUAN HYDRAULIC CO Ltd
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Priority to CN 201110203714 priority Critical patent/CN102328886B/en
Publication of CN102328886A publication Critical patent/CN102328886A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102328886B publication Critical patent/CN102328886B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Abstract

The invention discloses a winch reducer and belongs to the technical field of winch reducers in lifting operation. The winch reducer comprises a winding drum, wherein a planetary reducer and a brake are arranged in the winding drum; a bearing I and a bearing II are arranged at two ends of the winding drum; a brake shaft in the brake is connected with a planetary gear speed-changing mechanism; a spline at the output end of the planetary gear speed-changing mechanism is connected with a power output shaft; a clutch is arranged on the power output shaft; a clutch shell is fixed on the winding drum; a normally closed type friction plate group is arranged in the clutch shell; two ends of the clutch are positioned through a locking nut and a limit sleeve; a piston is pressed on a friction plate; a sealed oil cavity is formed between the piston and the power output shaft; the piston is connected with a spring pressing plate through a combined spring; and an oil inlet channel on the power output shaft is communicated with the sealed oil cavity. The winch reducer ensures that an empty hook falls down freely under the no-load condition of a construction crane, so that the working efficiency is improved and the energy consumption is reduced. The winch reducer has a compact structure and is safe and reliable to use.

Description

Hoisting speed reducer
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hoisting speed reducer, be specifically related to a kind of hoisting speed reducer that free hook free fall function is arranged.
Background technology
At present, the hoisting speed reducer of crane employing all needs the driving of power to realize hoisting of mechanism and descends.The shortcoming of this type of reductor is: work speed is restricted, when especially empty hook falls, still needs power driven, can not increase work efficiency effectively, but also cause the waste of the energy, does not meet the energy-saving and emission-reduction guiding theory that country advocates.Therefore can realize that the free fall of hoisting crane sky hook is the raising of engineering constraint crane job efficient and the key factor that energy consumption reduces.
Secondly, traditional reductor all adopts belt or circle hub formula power-transfer clutch, and mostly is the external power-transfer clutch.In actual use, find that there is deficiency equally in this type of power-transfer clutch.Its structure is huge, and inconvenience is installed, and it is big to take up room; Power-transfer clutch is reliable inadequately, exists clutch fading, the insensitive phenomenon of brake lag.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the invention provides a kind of hoisting speed reducer, make crane when zero load, suspension hook relies on deadweight to fall, to increase work efficiency and to cut down the consumption of energy.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of hoisting speed reducer, it comprises reel, planetary reducer and drg are housed in the reel, the two ends of reel fixedly have end cap I and end cap II respectively, in end cap I inboard, reel links to each other with drg with described planetary reducer by the bearing I, on the described end cap II fixed bearing is housed, and between fixed bearing and the end cap II bearing II is arranged; Be connected with brake casing on the described end cap I, the outer end of brake casing is made into attachment flange, brake axle is arranged in the brake casing, and by piston, spring, brake press plate, back-up ring, moving plate, the friction braking mechanism that stator etc. are formed, the inner of brake casing is connected with the gear ring spline of planetary reducer, described brake axle runs through brake casing, link to each other with epicyclic transmission in the gear ring as primary centre wheel, the mouth spline of epicyclic transmission is connected with power take-off shaft, the other end of power take-off shaft is rotatable to be fixed in the described end cap II, on the described power take-off shaft power-transfer clutch is housed, described reductor, drg, power-transfer clutch all places in the reel, described power-transfer clutch comprises the clutch-bell cover that is sleeved on the power take-off shaft, clutch-bell cover is fixed on the reel, between clutch-bell cover and the described gear ring bearing seat is arranged, bearing seat one end is fixed on the gear ring, the other end links to each other with clutch-bell cover by bearing IV and outside framework oil seal, outside framework oil seal and bearing III are housed between the neck of clutch-bell cover and described power take-off shaft, be connected with one group of stator by female splines in the described clutch-bell cover, be connected with one group of moving plate by male splines on the described power take-off shaft, the alternate setting of described stator and moving plate formed normally closed friction lining group, the friction lining group has jam nut near an end of bearing III, the other end of friction lining group has piston, between piston and the power take-off shaft seal oil chamber is arranged, on the described piston spring perch is arranged, many group cluster springs are arranged in the spring perch, piston is connected with spring bearer plate by cluster spring, under friction lining group closure state, leave the gap between described spring bearer plate and the piston, spring bearer plate has stop collar near an end of end cap II; Have oil inlet passage to be connected with described seal oil chamber on the described power take-off shaft, described oil inlet passage has oil inlet in the end cap II, and oil inlet is communicated with the external control oil circuit by swivel coupling.
Upwards there are a plurality of tightening screws in the footpath of described jam nut.
Described stop collar comprises two jam nuts, and stop washer is arranged between the jam nut.
Described brake axle stretches into the primary planet pinion that has been connected with a joggle in the described gear ring as the primary centre wheel, primary planet pinion is meshed with gear ring simultaneously, primary planet pinion connects primary planet carrier by planet wheel spindle, the center spline of primary planet carrier connects the secondary center gear, the secondary center gear secondary planetary gear that is connected with a joggle, secondary planetary gear is meshed with gear ring simultaneously, secondary planetary gear connects the secondary planet frame by cylindrical bearing, secondary planet frame spline connects described power take-off shaft, between secondary planet frame and the described bearing seat bearing is arranged.
On the described brake casing breather stem vent plug is arranged.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, on the power take-off shaft power-transfer clutch is housed, when power-transfer clutch separates with power take-off shaft, then reel rotates freely under suspension hook deadweight effect, realize empty hook free fall, accelerated operating speed, improved work efficiency, simultaneously in the dropping process without any need for power, significantly reduce energy consumption, and used safety, reliable.
2, reductor, drg, power-transfer clutch are all placed in the reel, taken full advantage of the space in the reel, saved taking up room of complete machine greatly, make hoisting speed reducer compact conformation, handsome in appearance.Drg and the power-transfer clutch of this machine all adopt the normally closed structure simultaneously, have improved the safety of reductor to a great extent.By the switching of control clutch, to satisfy different work requirements.
Description of drawings
The present invention is further described with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings below.
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is clutch configuration scheme drawing of the present invention.
Among the figure, 1, brake casing, 1-1, breather stem vent plug, 2, the end cap I, 3, reel, 4, the bearing I, 5, gear ring, 6, primary planet pinion, 7, planet wheel spindle, 8, primary planet carrier, 9, bearing seat, 10, clutch-bell cover, 11, power take-off shaft, 11-1, oil inlet passage, 12, piston, 12-1, seal oil chamber, 13, spring perch, 14, cluster spring, 15, spring bearer plate, 16, the end cap II, 17, fixed bearing, 18, the bearing II, 19, swivel coupling, 20, stop collar, 21, stator, 22, moving plate, 23, jam nut, 23-1, tightening screw, 24, the bearing III, 25, the bearing IV, 26, the secondary planet frame, 27, secondary planetary gear, 28, the secondary center gear, 29, brake axle, 30, HM Hydraulic Motor, 31, outside framework oil seal.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a kind of hoisting speed reducer, it comprises reel 3, planetary reducer and drg are housed in the reel, the two ends of reel 3 fixedly have end cap I 2 and end cap II 16 respectively, and in end cap I 2 inboards, reel 3 links to each other with drg with described planetary reducer by bearing I 4, on the described end cap II 16 fixed bearing 17 is housed, between fixed bearing 17 and the end cap II 16 bearing II 18 is arranged; Be connected with brake casing 1 on the described end cap I 2, the outer end of brake casing 1 is made into attachment flange, brake axle 29 is arranged in the brake casing 1, and by piston, spring, brake press plate, back-up ring, moving plate, the friction braking mechanism that stator etc. are formed, the inner of brake casing 1 is connected with the gear ring of planetary reducer 5 splines, described brake axle 29 runs through brake casing, link to each other with epicyclic transmission in the gear ring as primary centre wheel, the mouth spline of epicyclic transmission is connected with power take-off shaft 11, and the other end of power take-off shaft 11 is rotatable to be fixed in the described end cap II 16.
On the described power take-off shaft 11 power-transfer clutch is housed, described power-transfer clutch comprises the clutch-bell cover 10 that is sleeved on the power take-off shaft 11, clutch-bell cover 10 is fixed on the reel 3, between clutch-bell cover 10 and the described gear ring 5 bearing seat 9 is arranged, bearing seat 9 one ends are fixed on the gear ring 5, the other end links to each other with clutch-bell cover 10 by bearing IV 25 and outside framework oil seal, bearing III 24 is housed between the neck of clutch-bell cover 10 and described power take-off shaft 11, in order to prevent that the gear oil in the planetary reducer from entering power-transfer clutch, so two outside framework oil seals 31 are installed between clutch-bell cover 10 and power take-off shaft 11 side by side, and are carried out axial restraint by circlip for bore in the both sides of outside framework oil seal.
Be connected with one group of stator 21 by female splines in the described clutch-bell cover 10, be connected with one group of moving plate 22 by male splines on the described power take-off shaft 11, the alternate setting of described stator and moving plate formed normally closed friction lining group, the friction lining group has jam nut 23 near an end of bearing III 24, the friction lining group is positioned, the other end of friction lining group has piston 12, between piston 12 and the power take-off shaft 11 seal oil chamber 12-1 is arranged, on the described piston 12 spring perch 13 is arranged, a plurality of spring grooves are arranged in the spring perch 13, cluster spring 14 is installed in the spring groove, piston 12 is connected with spring bearer plate 15 by cluster spring 14, piston 12 is pressed on the friction lining by cluster spring 14, under friction lining group closure state, leaves between described spring bearer plate 15 and the piston 12 and can move axially for piston, the gap that friction lining is thrown off.Spring bearer plate 15 has stop collar 20 near an end of end cap II 16, and power-transfer clutch is positioned; There is oil inlet passage 11-1 to be connected with described seal oil chamber 12-1 on the described power take-off shaft 11, described oil inlet passage 11-1 has oil inlet in end cap II 16, oil inlet is communicated with the external control oil circuit by swivel coupling 19, swivel coupling 19 1 ends are connected with power take-off shaft 11 by screw thread, the other end connects the hydraulic efficiency pressure system that control clutch opens and closes, when power take-off shaft rotates along with reductor, this swivel coupling can make external pipeline keep static, wrapping phenomena can not take place along with the rotation of power take-off shaft.In the accompanying drawing, there is a cover of dust oil inlet position of oil inlet passage 11-1, needs in use it is taken away, and oil inlet is threaded with swivel coupling 19.
Upwards there are a plurality of tightening screw 23-1 in the footpath of described jam nut 23.
Described stop collar 20 comprises two jam nuts, and stop washer is arranged between the jam nut.
Described brake axle 29 stretches into the primary planet pinion 6 that has been connected with a joggle in the described gear ring 5 as the primary centre wheel, primary planet pinion is meshed with gear ring 5 simultaneously, primary planet pinion 6 connects primary planet carrier 8 by planet wheel spindle 7, the center spline of primary planet carrier 8 connects secondary center gear 28, secondary center gear 28 secondary planetary gear 27 that is connected with a joggle, secondary planetary gear is meshed with gear ring 5 simultaneously, secondary planetary gear 27 connects secondary planet frame 26 by cylindrical bearing, secondary planet frame 26 splines connect described power take-off shaft 11, between secondary planet frame 26 and the described bearing seat 9 bearing are arranged.Be delivered to output on the power take-off shaft 11 after the double reduction of power through planetary reducer.
On the described brake casing 1 breather stem vent plug 1-1 is arranged.Reductor can produce a large amount of heats in long-term high-speed operation process, cause the reductor inner chamber to produce the het expansion phenomenon, for fear of the too high infringement that sealing member is caused of inner chamber air pressure, increase breather stem vent plug 1-1 device at brake casing 1, in order to keep the balance of reductor inside and ambient pressure.
During use, captive joint with the frame of elevator machinery by the tapped bore of brake casing 1 and fixed bearing 17, the input end of brake axle 29 links to each other with HM Hydraulic Motor 30.The present invention has four kinds of mode of operations, and namely quiescence, power-lift state, power are transferred state and empty hook is put state soon.The principle of work of existing each state of accompanying drawings the present invention.
1) quiescence
Hoisting speed reducer of the present invention is not subjected to the effect of any external force under this state, and namely HM Hydraulic Motor 30 does not provide input torque, and the oil inlet passage of drg and power-transfer clutch does not have any system oil pressure.At this moment, drg and power-transfer clutch are in normally off.Complete machine remains static under the static friction force effect between the friction lining.
2) power-lift state
When the present invention was in the power-lift state, power-transfer clutch must be in closure state, and is namely static relatively between friction lining, power take-off shaft 11 and the clutch-bell cover 10.Simultaneously drg is in opening, and the unlatching of drg needs hydraulic efficiency pressure system that enough response pressures are provided, and its piston moves, the spring compression, makes between the moving plate of friction lining and the stator to throw off.Meanwhile HM Hydraulic Motor 30 drives brake axles 29 and rotates, and the planetary gear train that brake axle 29 drives in the planetary reducers rotates, pass through the double reduction of planetary reducer like this after transmission of power to power take-off shaft 11.Power take-off shaft 11 is by moving plate 22 engagements of male splines and power-transfer clutch, because power-transfer clutch is in closure state, like this, moment of torsion is delivered on the clutch-bell cover 10 through friction lining by power take-off shaft 11, clutch-bell cover 10 is fixed with one with reel 3 again, moment of torsion is delivered on the reel 3, and power take-off shaft 11 drives reel 3 and rotates, and has realized lift operations.
3) power is transferred state
Power is transferred with the power principle that hoists basic identical, and just the direction of reel 3 rotations is opposite, is become by the flake down state and puts the rope form attitude.By HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM, make HM Hydraulic Motor 30 counter-rotatings, the output torque direction of brake axle 29 and planetary reducer is also opposite, power take-off shaft 11 counter-rotatings are in reel 3 and put the rope form attitude, the realization weight is transferred, because of the whole speed transferred in the process transferred fully by the control of HM Hydraulic Motor 30 output speeds, thereby can guarantee that weight steadily transfers.
4) empty hook is put state soon
When starting the fast playing function of empty hook, power-lift should be stopped and power is transferred operation, under this state, general HM Hydraulic Motor 30 remains static, at least drg should be in closure state, make brake axle 29 and planetary reducer not have power output, open power-transfer clutch simultaneously and just can realize the fast playing function of empty hook.Specific operation process is as follows: make arrester close, planetary reducer remains static down, with reference to figure 1, Fig. 2, system is by swivel coupling 19, oil inlet passage 11-1 and seal oil chamber 12-1, give power-transfer clutch certain unlatching oil pressure, piston 12 moves to right under the effect of system oil pressure, and compression cluster spring 14, make between moving plate 22 and the stator 21 and throw off, no longer include friction force between the friction lining this moment, clutch-bell cover 10 is thrown off with power take-off shaft 11, makes reel 3 fully and power take-off shaft 11 disengagings.And between reel 3 and described planetary reducer and the drg bearing I 4 is arranged, between reel 3 other ends and the fixed bearing 17 bearing II 18 is arranged, bearing is also all arranged inside and outside the clutch-bell cover 10, so reel 3 has only one degree of freedom at this moment, under the pulling force of suspension hook deadweight, rotate, suspension hook is done the movement of falling object of weight, does not need extra power, realizes that empty hook puts soon.Its beneficial effect is, accelerated operating speed, improved work efficiency, simultaneously in the dropping process without any need for power, significantly reduced energy consumption, and used safety, reliable.

Claims (5)

1. hoisting speed reducer, it comprises reel (3), planetary reducer and drg are housed in the reel, the two ends of reel (3) fixedly have end cap I (2) and end cap II (16) respectively, in end cap I (2) inboard, reel (3) links to each other with drg with described planetary reducer by bearing I (4), and fixed bearing (17) is housed on the described end cap II (16), between fixed bearing (17) and the end cap II (16) bearing II (18) is arranged; Be connected with brake casing (1) on the described end cap I (2), the outer end of brake casing (1) is made into attachment flange, brake axle (29) is arranged in the brake casing (1), and by piston, spring, brake press plate, back-up ring, moving plate, the friction braking mechanism that stator etc. are formed, the inner of brake casing (1) is connected with gear ring (5) spline of planetary reducer, described brake axle (29) runs through brake casing, link to each other with epicyclic transmission in the gear ring as primary centre wheel, the mouth spline of epicyclic transmission is connected with power take-off shaft (11), the other end of power take-off shaft (11) is rotatable to be fixed in the described end cap II (16), it is characterized in that: described power take-off shaft is equipped with power-transfer clutch on (11), described reductor, drg, power-transfer clutch all places in the reel, described power-transfer clutch comprises the clutch-bell cover (10) that is sleeved on the power take-off shaft (11), clutch-bell cover (10) is fixed on the reel (3), between clutch-bell cover (10) and the described gear ring (5) bearing seat (9) is arranged, bearing seat (9) one ends are fixed on the gear ring (5), the other end links to each other with clutch-bell cover (10) by bearing IV (25) and outside framework oil seal, outside framework oil seal (31) and bearing III (24) are housed between the neck of clutch-bell cover (10) and described power take-off shaft (11), be connected with one group of stator (21) by female splines in the described clutch-bell cover (10), described power take-off shaft (11) is gone up and is connected with one group of moving plate (22) by male splines, the alternate setting of described stator and moving plate formed normally closed friction lining group, the friction lining group has jam nut (23) near an end of bearing III (24), the other end of friction lining group has piston (12), between piston (12) and the power take-off shaft (11) seal oil chamber (12-1) is arranged, spring perch (13) is arranged on the described piston (12), many group cluster springs (14) are arranged in the spring perch (13), piston (12) is connected with spring bearer plate (15) by cluster spring (14), under friction lining group closure state, leave the gap between described spring bearer plate (15) and the piston (12), spring bearer plate (15) has stop collar (20) near an end of end cap II (16); There is oil inlet passage (11-1) to be connected with described seal oil chamber (12-1) on the described power take-off shaft (11), described oil inlet passage (11-1) has oil inlet in end cap II (16), and oil inlet is communicated with the external control oil circuit by swivel coupling (19).
2. hoisting speed reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: upwards there are a plurality of tightening screws (23-1) in the footpath of described jam nut (23).
3. hoisting speed reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described stop collar (20) comprises two jam nuts, and stop washer is arranged between the jam nut.
4. hoisting speed reducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described brake axle (29) stretches into the primary planet pinion (6) that has been connected with a joggle in the described gear ring (5) as the primary centre wheel, primary planet pinion is meshed with gear ring (5) simultaneously, primary planet pinion (6) connects primary planet carrier (8) by planet wheel spindle (7), the center spline of primary planet carrier (8) connects secondary center gear (28), secondary center gear (28) secondary planetary gear (27) that is connected with a joggle, secondary planetary gear is meshed with gear ring (5) simultaneously, secondary planetary gear (27) connects secondary planet frame (26) by cylindrical bearing, secondary planet frame (26) spline connects described power take-off shaft (11), between secondary planet frame (26) and the described bearing seat (9) bearing is arranged.
5. hoisting speed reducer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: breather stem vent plug (1-1) is arranged on the described brake casing (1).
CN 201110203714 2011-07-20 2011-07-20 Winch reducer Expired - Fee Related CN102328886B (en)

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CN102328886B true CN102328886B (en) 2013-08-21

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CN103641011B (en) * 2013-12-24 2016-02-17 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 A kind of performance-oriented free off the hook hoisting mechanism
CN104477803B (en) * 2014-11-05 2017-04-12 中联重科股份有限公司 Engineering machine and hoisting mechanism thereof
CN106641170B (en) * 2016-11-22 2023-09-26 大连华锐重工集团股份有限公司 Hydraulic clutch device of double-drive planetary reducer
CN106555838B (en) * 2016-12-01 2019-03-05 徐州科源液压股份有限公司 Double brake hoisting speed reducer
CN107010553B (en) * 2016-12-29 2019-02-19 意宁液压股份有限公司 Integrated hydraulic clutch and liquid braking device
CN106927380B (en) * 2017-03-09 2022-05-06 宁波新宏液压有限公司 Winch with clutch device
DE202017105348U1 (en) 2017-09-05 2018-12-07 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh The freefall winch
CN108190635A (en) * 2018-01-26 2018-06-22 王春良 Automatic winding disc
CN108178078B (en) * 2018-03-06 2024-04-23 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 Hoisting mechanism and hoisting equipment
CN108657982B (en) * 2018-07-13 2023-11-10 宁波中皇机电有限公司 Portable lifting traction device
CN112249944B (en) * 2019-11-07 2021-11-02 浙江润华机电有限公司 Durable capstan
CN113666286A (en) * 2021-09-08 2021-11-19 宁波中意液压马达有限公司 Hydraulic winch

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EP0538662B1 (en) * 1991-10-21 1997-05-28 FÜRSTLICH HOHENZOLLERNSCHE WERKE LAUCHERTHAL GMBH & CO. Freefall winch
US6164627A (en) * 1999-10-04 2000-12-26 Ver. Pomp. Di Felloni Vincenza Device for hydraulically actuating winches in a pipe-laying machine
CN1346784A (en) * 2001-11-13 2002-05-01 胡世璇 Hydraulic winch with free release function
CN2876042Y (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-03-07 胡世璇 Hydraulic hauling winch with controllable free downward speed
CN101195464A (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-06-11 王春明 Winding machine with wet-type friction slice clutch having hollow hook lowering function
CN202164067U (en) * 2011-07-20 2012-03-14 徐州科源液压有限公司 Hoisting speed reducer

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JP2003252573A (en) * 2002-02-28 2003-09-10 Nikko Kizai Kk Winch device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0538662B1 (en) * 1991-10-21 1997-05-28 FÜRSTLICH HOHENZOLLERNSCHE WERKE LAUCHERTHAL GMBH & CO. Freefall winch
US6164627A (en) * 1999-10-04 2000-12-26 Ver. Pomp. Di Felloni Vincenza Device for hydraulically actuating winches in a pipe-laying machine
CN1346784A (en) * 2001-11-13 2002-05-01 胡世璇 Hydraulic winch with free release function
CN2876042Y (en) * 2006-02-08 2007-03-07 胡世璇 Hydraulic hauling winch with controllable free downward speed
CN101195464A (en) * 2006-12-06 2008-06-11 王春明 Winding machine with wet-type friction slice clutch having hollow hook lowering function
CN202164067U (en) * 2011-07-20 2012-03-14 徐州科源液压有限公司 Hoisting speed reducer

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Address after: Ganjiang road Copper Mt. District 221116 Jiangsu city of Xuzhou Province, No. 6

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Granted publication date: 20130821

Termination date: 20160720