A kind of hydraulic wireline winch with free lowering function
Technical field
The present invention relates to the work mechanism of hoisting mechanism, crane and so on, refer to especially that a kind of volume is little, the all-hydraulic winch of compact conformation, employing modular construction.
Background technology
In existing hydraulic wireline winch, as a kind of hydraulic wireline winch that adopts strap brake band reel power-transfer clutch on capstan drum, it uses the clutch action of oil cylinder control clutch, but this hydraulic wireline winch complex structure, bulky, be difficult to use on the limited portable weight-lifting equipment in space, simultaneously this strap of the brake formula clutch configuration falls behind, and the strap of the brake weares and teares easily and influences the reliability of work.Again on the one hand, also there is such shortcoming in all-hydraulic winch of the prior art, promptly under the situation of throw-out-of clutch, when still there is meshing relation (power annexation) between reel and the speed reduction gear box in empty suspension hook in the decline process, this makes the suspension hook of having leisure be difficult to realize quick decline in the process that descends, and also make gear in the moderating process be not intended to the free burial ground for the destitute and constantly rotate, causing wearing and tearing to accelerate.This is because power-transfer clutch is not provided in a side of the cause in the final stage transmission output.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to overcome above-mentioned defective, and a kind of employing modular design is provided, and makes that structure is compact more, volume more becomes miniaturization and has the novel hydraulic wireline winch of free lowering function.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that is adopted: a kind of hydraulic wireline winch with free lowering function, its driving device includes hydraulic valve block, HM Hydraulic Motor, hydraulic brake, epicyclic reduction gear, they interconnect and are integral, and be fixed on the frame built-in epicyclic reduction gear of reel and friction clutch; Reel itself becomes the shell of power-transfer clutch; Reel supports on the frame by the bearing at two ends, and described left bearing is enclosed within on the shell of driving device, and described right bearing then is enclosed within on the axle journal of pivot shaft; Described reel transmission is hydraulic valve block → HM Hydraulic Motor → hydraulic brake → epicyclic reduction gear → multi-disc friction clutch in proper order, and power-transfer clutch is in the terminal position of power transmission.Described pivot shaft itself is processed to a hydraulic ram again, becomes the pivot shaft oil cylinder of " two-in-one ", and it has the oilhole L of double as fuel feed hole and fuel return hole.The piston that horizontal arrangement is arranged in the described oil cylinder, under the effect of pressure oil, piston can move right.End in described piston rod portion is provided with a flange portion that enlarges, the mutual snapping in plane, left side of the plane thrust bearing on the flange face of described flange portion and its right side, the right flank of described plane thrust bearing then is close to mutually with the Friction disk pressing plate, described Friction disk pressing plate can form the cavity of bowl-type, to hold the plane thrust bearing.Described Friction disk pressing plate is clamped between compression spring and the static friction sheet,
Fixed solution about the dynamic and static Friction disk of power-transfer clutch is such: processed inner gear in the focal length vertically on the described reel inwall, and the external tooth wheel rim that the processed and described reel inner gear in the outer of static friction sheet matches, described static friction sheet is filled in the described reel vertically, and just becoming relative radially captive joint with reel again can an axially movable power transmits the component; Described dyanainic friction sheet then in the central the week at hole place along on process internal splined hole, the male splines shape of its shape and braking maneuver power output shaft matches, after described dyanainic friction sheet is inserted on the described castellated shaft location, it just becomes with castellated shaft and radially interfixes, can move axially the power transmits the component that rotates with castellated shaft together again, dyanainic friction sheet and the assembling of static friction sheet space, depend on carrier separately separately, be that dyanainic friction sheet and retarder takeoff output castellated shaft fuse, the static friction sheet then fuses with reel, separate existence.But power-transfer clutch of the present invention belongs to normally closed multiple-piece hydraulic clutch, under normal conditions, first static friction sheet is subjected to an axial thrust that comes from the right-to-left of compression spring all the time vertically, because the transmission of power, all static friction sheets and dyanainic friction sheet are kept the elastic force bonding state of being close to all the time.Between described compression spring and described first static friction sheet, accompany a Friction disk pressing plate, it be between compression spring and static friction sheet transmitter shaft to the functional element of elastic force.Described Friction disk pressing plate has bowl-shape structure, is provided with a plane thrust bearing in its bowl-shape shape chamber.
The installation method of power-transfer clutch is as follows: the inner core of earlier the first static friction sheet being filled in reel, amplexiform until it and described Friction disk pressing plate, and then insert a slice dyanainic friction sheet, then insert a slice static friction sheet again, so again and again whole Friction disks are inserted in the reel, but a slice Friction disk of inserting at last is the dyanainic friction sheet.After whole Friction disks are placed into the reel inner chamber, with the center that reductor power output spline inserts this folded Friction disk, promptly pass the light center hole of the center internal splined hole and the static friction sheet of every dyanainic friction sheet, promptly finished the installation of power-transfer clutch.
The present invention has the hydraulic control system of the hydraulic wireline winch of free lowering function, includes the three position four-way directional control valve of modulated pressure motor, hydraulic brake work and the two position three way directional control valve that control reel suspension hook freely puts down.Can be in series with energy storage, check valve and compression indicator in being connected on the oil circuit of three position four-way directional control valve and two position three way directional control valve.Described energy storage can guarantee that whole hydraulic efficiency pressure system exists one all the time and keeps pressure when temporary term stop, and like this, winch is after quitting work, and the control presssure source of power-transfer clutch can be guaranteed.
The working process of this hydraulic control system is as follows: when (1) promotes at crane, three position four-way directional control valve is got to the position on the right, at this moment, the node B of underground links up mutually with pressure source P, and node A and fuel tank T link up, pressure oil enters the inlet of HM Hydraulic Motor by the hydraulic valve block balance cock, the steel ball of high pressure shuttle is beaten to the left side under the effect of pressure oil simultaneously, pressure oil enters the check valve of hydraulic brake, drg is opened, HM Hydraulic Motor just begins to rotate by the direction that promotes, and weight is put on.The T mouth that is back to logical oil sump tank by node A is flowed out in the outlet of oil return self-hydraulic motor, and the O on the HM Hydraulic Motor is the draining hole, and the draining that is used for HM Hydraulic Motor flows back to fuel tank.
(2) when crane is transferred weight, this moment, three position four-way directional control valve was got to the position on the left side, node A in the underground and pressure oil-source P link up at this moment, node B then is connected with the T mouth of logical oil sump tank, this moment, pressure oil flowed into the inlet of HM Hydraulic Motor through node A, steel ball in the high pressure shuttle is pushed to the right side simultaneously, seal the path that pressure oil flows to node B, and make hydraulic brake also obtain high pressure oil simultaneously, hydraulic brake is opened, HM Hydraulic Motor is rotated by the direction of transferring to weight, the HM Hydraulic Motor outlet is got back to B mouth and oil sump tank through balance cock, because balance cock is subjected to the control of A mouth pressure, its lowering velocity is decided by the flow that enters HM Hydraulic Motor.In above operating mode, because two position three way directional control valve is got to right positions (mode of operation), pressure oil in the underground advances less than going in the hydraulic cylinder that becomes one with pivot shaft, so power-transfer clutch is in the state of " closing ", this moment, reel and driving device fused, and under the rotation of HM Hydraulic Motor, reel is according to making winch turn to rotation with what heavy burden was transferred, oil return is then flowed out by the outlet of HM Hydraulic Motor, flows back into the T mouth of logical fuel tank.
(3) in the time will allowing the temporary transient suspension of heavy burden rest in midair, three position four-way directional control valve is got to midway location, and two position three way directional control valve is got to right side (work), at this moment, the A in three position four-way directional control valve the place ahead, B node all are connected with the T mouth of logical oil sump tank, so A, B node all are in depressurization phase, this moment, HM Hydraulic Motor quit work, and output point (being connected with hydraulic brake) also presents depressurization phase in the high pressure shuttle, so drg is closed, HM Hydraulic Motor is in braking mode.The one side two position three way directional control valve is owing to get to right lateral position again, high pressure oil can't enter the pivot shaft oil cylinder, therefore there is not piston to make the possibility that axially movable action takes place to the right, the dyanainic friction sheet of power-transfer clutch is in to keep with the static friction sheet all the time is close to state, and just power-transfer clutch is in the state of " closing ".Because HM Hydraulic Motor is not worked, and power-transfer clutch is in " closing " state, the heavy burden that is suspended in midair just rests on the there.
(4) in the time will allowing the sky hook hurtle down with the raising work efficiency, as long as operation two position three way directional control valve, gear has been switched to left lateral position just, at this moment, the high pressure oil of hydraulic efficiency pressure system enters node L, just the oilhole L of pivot shaft oil cylinder enters high pressure oil, be filled with high pressure oil in the oil cylinder of described support cylinder, moving from left to right just takes place in piston, flange face on the rod end is withheld the face that amplexiforms of thrust bearing on the plane, the plane thrust bearing passes to axial thrust the Friction disk pressing plate again, thereby the Friction disk pressing plate just overcomes the elastic force of compression spring to be taken place to move to right, at this moment, power-transfer clutch is moving, thrust between the static friction sheet loses, power-transfer clutch just be in " from " state.When power-transfer clutch in a single day be in " from " state, reel has just broken away from the annexation with the epicyclic reduction gear power take-off shaft, just close " open circuit " state that is in of fastening in power transmission, no matter HM Hydraulic Motor and epicyclic reduction gear are in what state (referring to that " rotation " still is " stopping "), reel is all irrelevant with it.At this moment, unique driving reel makes its factor that rotates have only the gravity of suspension hook self, and this moment, winch just was in the state of " freely transferring " fast.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: because power-transfer clutch is placed in the reel, reel itself is as the housing of total power-transfer clutch, and pivot shaft has the function of hydraulic cylinder again simultaneously, so compact conformation, volume is small and exquisite.The supporting rolling friction only takes place with three bearings in reel in the process of freely transferring in addition, and be not related with the train of gears of epicyclic reduction gear, it in view of the power transmission relation the state that is in " opening circuit ", so the rotation of reel can not drive described epicyclic reduction gear in-to-in gear and rotate simultaneously, frictional resistance when so both having reduced reel self rotation, reduced unnecessary wearing and tearing between the retarder internal gear again, this is the benefit of the two birds of a stone.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure sectional side elevation of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of static friction sheet;
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of dyanainic friction sheet;
Fig. 4 is that the power-transfer clutch of Fig. 1 embodiment constitutes block diagram;
Fig. 5 is the HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEM of Fig. 1 embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment describes in further detail the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
A kind of hydraulic wireline winch with free lowering function, see Fig. 1, its driving device include hydraulic valve block 1 (hydraulic block further includes damping balance valve 1 ' and high pressure shuttle 1 "), HM Hydraulic Motor 2, hydraulic brake 3, epicyclic reduction gear 6 again; they interconnect and are integral; and be fixed on the frame 12 reel 5 built-in epicyclic reduction gear 6 and friction clutchs by the flanged plate on the hydraulic brake 3; Reel 5 itself becomes the shell of power-transfer clutch; Reel 5 supports on the frame 12 by the left and right bearing 4 and 11 at two ends; Described left bearing 4 is enclosed within on the shell of hydraulic brake 3; 11 of described right bearings are enclosed within on the axle journal of pivot shaft; Described reel 5 transmissions are hydraulic valve block 1 → HM Hydraulic Motor 2 → hydraulic brake 3 → epicyclic reduction gear 6 → multi-disc friction clutch in proper order, and power-transfer clutch is in the terminal position of power transmission; Described pivot shaft itself is processed to a hydraulic ram again, becomes the pivot shaft oil cylinder 13 of " two-in-one ", and it has the oilhole L of double as oil-feed and fuel return hole, is useful on the oil cylinder piston end cap 15 of location at its right-hand member; The piston 14 that horizontal arrangement is arranged in the described oil cylinder, under the effect of pressure oil, piston 14 can move right.End in described piston 14 bar portions is provided with a flange 23 that enlarges, the mutual snapping in plane, left side of the plane thrust bearing 16 on the flange face of described flange 23 and its right side, the right flank of described plane thrust bearing 16 then is close to mutually with Friction disk pressing plate 9, described Friction disk pressing plate 9 forms the cavity of bowl-type, to hold plane thrust bearing 16.Described Friction disk pressing plate 9 is clamped between compression spring 10 and the static friction sheet 8.
Fixed solution about the dynamic and static Friction disk of power-transfer clutch is such (seeing Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4): processed inner gear 24 in the focal length vertically on described reel 5 inwalls, and the external tooth wheel rim that the processed and described reel inner gear 24 in the outer of static friction sheet 8 matches, described static friction sheet 8 is filled in the described reel 5 vertically, just become with reel 5 relative radially captive joints again can an axially movable power transmits the component; 7 of described dyanainic friction sheets in the central the place, hole week along on process internal splined hole, the male splines shape of its shape and braking maneuver power output shaft 17 matches, after described dyanainic friction sheet 7 is inserted on the described castellated shaft location, it just becomes with castellated shaft and radially interfixes, and can move axially together the power transmits the component with the spline rotation again.Dyanainic friction sheet 7 and the assembling of static friction sheet 8 spaces depend on carrier separately separately, and promptly dyanainic friction sheet 7 fuses with retarder takeoff output castellated shaft, and static friction sheet 8 then fuses separate existence with reel 5.But power-transfer clutch of the present invention belongs to normally closed multiple-piece hydraulic clutch, under normal conditions, first static friction sheet 8 is subjected to an axial thrust that comes from the right-to-left of compression spring 10 all the time vertically, because the transmission of power, all static friction sheets 8 are kept the elastic force bonding state of being close to all the time with dyanainic friction sheet 7.Between described compression spring 10 and described first static friction sheet 8, accompany a Friction disk pressing plate 9, it be between compression spring 10 and static friction sheet 8 transmitter shaft to the functional element of elastic force.Described Friction disk pressing plate 9 has bowl-shape structure, is provided with a plane thrust bearing 16 in its bowl-shape shape chamber.
The installation method of power-transfer clutch is as follows: the inner core of earlier the first static friction sheet 8 being filled in reel 5, amplexiform until it and described Friction disk pressing plate 9, and then insert a slice dyanainic friction sheet 7, then insert a slice static friction sheet 8 again, so again and again whole Friction disks are inserted in the reel 5, but a slice Friction disk of inserting at last is a dyanainic friction sheet 7.After whole Friction disks are placed into reel 5 inner chambers, with the center that reductor power output spline inserts this folded Friction disk, promptly pass the light center hole of the center internal splined hole and the static friction sheet 8 of every dyanainic friction sheet 7, promptly finished the installation of power-transfer clutch.
The present invention has the hydraulic control system (see figure 5) of the hydraulic wireline winch of free lowering function, includes the three position four-way directional control valve 19 of modulated pressure motor 2, hydraulic brake 3 work and the two position three way directional control valve 20 that control reel suspension hook freely puts down.Can be in series with energy storage 18, check valve 21 and compression indicator at three position four-way directional control valve 19 and being connected on the oil circuit of two position three way directional control valve 20.Described energy storage 18 can guarantee that whole hydraulic efficiency pressure system exists one all the time and keeps pressure when temporary term stop, and like this, winch is after quitting work, and the control presssure source of power-transfer clutch can be guaranteed.
The working process of this hydraulic control system is as follows: when (1) promotes at crane, three position four-way directional control valve 19 is got to the position on the right, at this moment, the node B of underground links up mutually with pressure source P, and node A and fuel tank 22T link up, pressure oil by hydraulic valve block balance cock 1 ' check valve enter the inlet of HM Hydraulic Motor, high pressure shuttle 1 under the effect of pressure oil simultaneously " steel ball beat to the left side; pressure oil enters in the hydraulic brake 3; hydraulic brake 3 is opened; HM Hydraulic Motor 2 just begins to rotate by the direction that promotes, and weight is put on.2 outlets of oil return self-hydraulic motor are back to the T mouth that leads to oil sump tank 22 by node A, and the O on the HM Hydraulic Motor 2 is the draining hole, and the draining that is used on the HM Hydraulic Motor 2 flows back to fuel tank 22.
(2) when crane is transferred weight, this moment, three position four-way directional control valve 19 was got to the position on the left side, node A in the underground and pressure oil-source P link up at this moment, node B then is connected with the T mouth of logical oil sump tank 22, this moment, pressure oil flowed into the inlet of HM Hydraulic Motor 2 through node A, while high pressure shuttle 1 " interior steel ball is pushed to the right side; seal the path that pressure oil flows to node B; and make hydraulic brake 3 feed high pressure oils; hydraulic brake 3 is opened; the direction that HM Hydraulic Motor 2 is transferred to weight is rotated; HM Hydraulic Motor 2 exports gets back to B mouth and oil sump tank 22 through balance cock, because balance cock is subjected to the control of A mouth pressure, its lowering velocity is decided by the flow that enters HM Hydraulic Motor 2, in above operating mode, because two position three way directional control valve 20 is got to right positions (mode of operation), pressure oil in the underground advances less than going in the hydraulic cylinder 13 that becomes one with pivot shaft, so power-transfer clutch is in the state of " closing ", this moment, reel 5 fused with driving device, under the rotation of HM Hydraulic Motor 2, reel 5 is according to making winch turn to rotation with what heavy burden was transferred, and oil return is then flowed out by the end opening of HM Hydraulic Motor 2, flows back into the T mouth of logical fuel tank 22.
(3) in the time will allowing the temporary transient suspension of heavy burden rest in midair, three position four-way directional control valve 19 can be got to midway location, and two position three way directional control valve 20 is got to right side (work), at this moment, the A in three position four-way directional control valve 20 the place aheads, B node all are connected with the T mouth of logical oil sump tank 22, so A, B node all are in low-pressure state, this moment, HM Hydraulic Motor 2 quit work, and high pressure shuttle 1 " in output point (being connected) with hydraulic brake also present low pressure; so drg 3 is closed, HM Hydraulic Motor 2 is in braking mode.One side two position three way directional control valve 20 is owing to get to right lateral position again, high pressure oil can't enter pivot shaft oil cylinder 13, therefore there is not piston 14 to make the possibility that axially movable action takes place to the right, the dyanainic friction sheet 7 of power-transfer clutch is in to keep with static friction sheet 8 all the time is close to state, and just power-transfer clutch is in the state of " closing ".Because HM Hydraulic Motor 2 is not worked, and power-transfer clutch is in " closing " state, the heavy burden that is suspended in midair just rests on the there.
(4) in the time will allowing the sky hook hurtle down with the raising work efficiency, as long as operation two position three way directional control valve 20, gear has been switched to left lateral position just, at this moment, the high pressure oil of hydraulic efficiency pressure system enters node L, just the oilhole L of pivot shaft oil cylinder 13 enters high pressure oil, be filled with high pressure oil in the oil cylinder of described support cylinder 13, moving from left to right just takes place in piston 14, flange 23 faces on piston 14 rod ends are withheld the face that amplexiforms of plane thrust bearing 16, plane thrust bearing 16 passes to axial thrust Friction disk pressing plate 9 again, thereby Friction disk pressing plate 9 just overcomes the elastic force of compression spring 10 to be taken place to move to right, at this moment, power-transfer clutch is moving, thrust between the static friction sheet loses, power-transfer clutch just be in " from " state.When power-transfer clutch in a single day be in " from " state, reel 5 has just broken away from the annexation with epicyclic reduction gear 6 power take-off shafts, just close " open circuit " state that is in of fastening in power transmission, no matter HM Hydraulic Motor 2 and epicyclic reduction gear 6 are in what state (referring to that " rotation " still is " stopping "), reel 5 is all irrelevant with it.At this moment, unique driving reel 5 makes its factor that rotates have only the gravity of suspension hook self, and this moment, winch just was in the state of " freely transferring " fast.
Protection scope of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of embodiment; even the organization plan to embodiment is done some change; bearing 4 as reel 5 is bearing on the housing of other driving device; wall such as say and be bearing on HM Hydraulic Motor 2 housings or be bearing on the reducer shell that such scheme still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.Again for example, the scheme that will replace between the belleville spring 10 between reel 5 end plate interior sidewall surface and the Friction disk pressing plate the compression spring (as spiral compression spring) of other form still belongs to protection scope of the present invention.