The device of droplet size and distribution in the measurement fluid
Technical field
The utility model relates to the device of measuring the drop size and distribute in fluid, and it is mainly used in the test of droplet in the flue gas before and after the mist eliminator in the flue gas desulphurization system.
Background technology
Content through droplet in the clean flue gas after the desulphurization system directly affects desulphurization system even whole unit safety economical operation, and limestone-gypsum wet method fume desulfurizing system mist eliminator all has a critical diameter, so it can not all be got rid of little droplets all in the clean flue gas.In the mist eliminator operational process, can be got rid of by mist eliminator fully greater than the mist eliminator of critical diameter.But, less less than the droplet of this critical diameter owing to inertia ratio, can pass through mist eliminator with flue gas.Contain compositions such as lime stone and calcium sulphate in the droplet that is not removed.When the clean flue gas that contains these compositions during through cigarette-cigarette well heater (GGH), droplet will be attached on the GGH blade, because the temperature height of blade, moisture is evaporated, and compositions such as lime stone and calcium sulphate by viscous on blade.Long-term like this, dirty shape material is more and more, and the result causes GGH pressure reduction progressively to increase, and has influenced the safety and economic operation of whole desulphurization system even whole unit.Because condition of flow field is very complicated behind the mist eliminator, also there is not proving installation at present at home and abroad at the content of droplet behind the desulphurization system mist eliminator.
Thereby, need the device of droplet size and distribution in a kind of flue gas that can measure desulphurization system easily, so that the content and the size of the process of assessment fouling and control droplet.
The utility model content
According to a purpose of the present utility model, a kind of device of measuring droplet size and distribution in the fluid is provided, described device comprises:
Testing cassete, described testing cassete comprises box body and the closing door with opening, described closing door has an open site and a detent position, the described opening of described closing door enclosed box body when detent position, when the open site, expose the described opening of box body, be provided with the detection lug support that loads detection lug in described box body inside; And
The gas control section, described gas control section comprises high-pressure air source, gas piping, solenoid directional control valve and cylinder, and described cylinder has a cylinder axis, and described cylinder axis is connected with the closing door of described testing cassete,
Wherein said gas control section is the motion of power control cylinder axis with the gas from high-pressure air source, thus the unlatching and the sealing of control testing cassete closing door.
The principle of work of the utility model device is: before detecting, utilize the closing door of gas control section control testing cassete, will have the testing cassete sealing of detection lug and detection lug support; Testing cassete is put into the fluid atmosphere that will measure, utilize the closing door of gas control section control testing cassete that testing cassete is opened, make droplet in the fluid that flows directly impinge upon on the detection lug on the inner detection lug support of testing cassete box body, leave a trace; After the required test duration of process, utilize the closing door of gas control section control testing cassete that testing cassete is sealed, from the fluid atmosphere, take out testing cassete, and utilize the closing door of gas control section control testing cassete that testing cassete is opened, take out detection lug wherein; Droplet vestige on the detection lug is shot photo after amplifying certain multiple under the digit microscope, analyze by the analysis software comparison film, draw the size of equivalent diameter of droplet and the distribution situation of particle diameter, perhaps the droplet vestige on the detection lug that the direct observation station of microscopically gets obtains the size of drop and the distribution situation of particle diameter.If rate of flow of fluid is less, in one embodiment, can use ventilation unit to make forced fluid flow moving, to improve the flowing velocity of fluid.
In one embodiment, described fluid is a flue gas, especially the flue gas before and after the mist eliminator in the flue gas desulphurization system.
In one embodiment, described cylinder axis moves back and forth with respect to the testing cassete box body, and rectilinear motion up and down for example is so that closing door switches between open site and detent position.Like this, the testing cassete closing door is opened opening with closed test box box body with respect to the testing cassete box body by carrying out rectilinear motion up and down; The gas control section opens and sealing the closing door of testing cassete by the rectilinear motion up and down of control cylinder axle.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, described gas piping comprises that gas piping and following gas piping, described cylinder have last air admission hole and following air admission hole, described upward gas piping and following gas piping respectively with the last air admission hole of cylinder and following air admission hole UNICOM; Solenoid directional control valve is switching between the gas piping up and down, thereby it is up to promote cylinder axis when entering the cylinder bottom from the gases at high pressure of high-pressure air source, and it is up to drive closing door, thereby opens testing cassete; It is descending to promote cylinder axis when gases at high pressure enter cylinder top, and it is descending to drive closing door, thereby closes testing cassete.
Particularly, the principle that testing cassete is opened is: the gas control section utilizes the feasible bottom that enters cylinder from the gas of high-pressure air source by following gas piping of solenoid directional control valve, the cylinder axis that promotes in the cylinder moves upward, because cylinder axis is connected with the closing door of described testing cassete, closing door also moves upward, thereby opened testing cassete, exposed the front and back opening of testing cassete.The principle of testing cassete sealing is: the gas control section utilizes the feasible top that enters cylinder from the gas of high-pressure air source by last gas piping of solenoid directional control valve, the cylinder axis that promotes in the cylinder moves downward, because cylinder axis is connected with the closing door of described testing cassete, closing door also moves downward, thereby has sealed testing cassete.
In one embodiment, described box body is for to have the regular hexahedron shape of former and later two openings with respect to fluid flow direction, and described closing door comprises two side doors, to seal the front and back opening of described box body just.
In one embodiment, the detection lug support is a detection lug card.
In one embodiment, described device also comprises detection lug, and described detection lug is arranged on the described detection lug support.
In one embodiment, described detection lug is a microslide, and correspondingly, described detection lug card is a microslide card.
In one embodiment, described detection lug is used to write down the information that impinges upon the droplet on the microslide for scribbling magnesian microslide.
In one embodiment, switch at a high speed with gases at high pressure by solenoid valve and to promote cylinder rapidly, the closing door that makes testing cassete timely switch in the time of setting.By making the timely switch of closing door, can be reduced in the error of measuring in the unit interval.
Method according to droplet size and distribution in the measurement device fluid of the present utility model comprises the steps:
(1) be used to gas from high-pressure air source by solenoid directional control valve, promote cylinder axis and drive closing door testing cassete is opened, load onto detection lug, switch the direction of motion of gas by solenoid directional control valve, airtight testing cassete;
(2) whole testing cassete is put into position to be tested in the fluid, by solenoid directional control valve testing cassete is opened, make test fluid flow pass through testing cassete, the droplet in the fluid strikes on the detection lug;
(3) switch the direction of motion of gas behind the test certain hour by solenoid valve, testing cassete is sealed, whole testing cassete is taken out from fluid, open testing cassete, the taking-up detection lug; And
(4) observe detection lug, to obtain droplet size and distribution.
In one embodiment, the closing door of testing cassete is opened in the 100-400 millisecond or is closed, and preferably opens in the 100-200 millisecond or closes.
In one embodiment, utilize the information scribble the droplet that magnesian microslide record fluid carries.
In one embodiment, the droplet in the fluid vertically strikes on the detection lug.
In one embodiment, examine under a microscope the size of droplet on the detection lug and the distribution situation of particle diameter.
In one embodiment, earlier detection lug is taken, the size of droplet and the distribution situation of particle diameter on microscopically Direct observation detection lug then, with the required result of rapid acquisition, or utilize the picture analyzing statistical software that shot picture is analyzed, thereby count the particle diameter and the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION of droplet.
The utlity model has following advantage: apparatus structure is simple, and cost is low, and is flexible to operation, is applicable to operation under most of environment.After reading instructions, other advantage of the present utility model and advantage are conspicuous to those skilled in the art.
The utility model is measured the drop size and distributed in fluid device is particularly useful for the test of droplet in the flue gas before and after the mist eliminator in the flue gas desulphurization system.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart according to the device of droplet size in the measurement fluid of an embodiment of the present utility model and distribution;
Fig. 2 is the structural drawing of the cylinder of device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the stereographic map of the closing door of device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 4 is the stereographic map of box body of the testing cassete of device shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 5 is the microslide of device shown in Figure 1 and the stereographic map of microslide card; And
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of certain power plant's mist eliminator and the layout in flue thereof.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings the utility model is elaborated, should be appreciated that, these specific embodiments and the drawings only are used to illustrate the purpose of this utility model, and are not intended to restriction the utility model.Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications, modification and correction to it apparently after reading instructions, these modifications, modification and correction all drop within the scope of the present utility model.
As shown in Figure 1, in an embodiment of the present utility model, the device that is used for measuring fluid droplet size and distribution comprises closing door 1, cylinder 2, cylinder axis 3, last gas piping 4, following gas piping 5, solenoid directional control valve 6, source of the gas 7, testing cassete box body 8, microslide card 9.In Fig. 1, microslide 10 is housed on the microslide card 9; And closing door 1 is in the open site, thereby the opening of exposure that can be by box body 8 is seen the microslide 10 on the microslide card 9.Usually, last gas piping 4 and following gas piping 5 are soft material, so that operation; Source of the gas 7 is a high-pressure air source.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that described high-pressure air source can be any suitable high-pressure air source, its pressure is not particularly limited, as long as it can realize purpose described in the utility model.Each parts can be made by any material that can satisfy the utility model device condition of work.In addition, be appreciated that the detection lug such as microslide 10 can provide with the utility model device, also can provide respectively.Described microslide preferably has smooth plane, and behind drop bump, well the striking mark of liquid hold-up.
As shown in Figure 2, cylinder 2 comprises cylinder barrel 20, goes up air admission hole 21 and following air admission hole 22; Has a cylinder axis 3 in the cylinder 2.Described air admission hole 21 and last gas piping 4 UNICOMs, the described air admission hole 22 down and described gas piping 5 UNICOMs down gone up.Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, cylinder axis 3 comprises a piston structure, so that cylinder axis 3 can move with less resistance.
As shown in Figure 3, closing door 1 comprises closing door top cover 10 and two side doors, promptly preceding closing door 11 and rear enclosed door 12, and these two side doors can be sealed the front and back opening of described box body 8 just.Closing door 1 is connected with cylinder axis 3.Like this, cylinder axis 3 can drive closing door 1 and move together, for example, is to move up and down in Fig. 3, thereby realizes the unlatching and the closure of testing cassete, i.e. the front and back opening of exposure and enclosed box body 8.
Testing cassete box body 8 shown in Figure 4 is basic regular hexahedron shape, has wherein removed microslide card 9 and microslide 10.Yet it can be other shape, as long as it can realize the purpose of this utility model.Box body 8 has former and later two openings on respect to fluid flow direction, to form former and later two openings.Like this, box body 8 can form the passage that a confession fluid to be tested flows through, and can allow droplet in the fluid directly to impinge upon on the microslide 10 in the box body 8.In addition, the preceding closing door 11 of closing door 1 and rear enclosed door 12 can be distinguished former and later two openings of enclosed box body 8.Microslide card 9 is housed in the testing cassete box body 8, on microslide card 9, loads onto microslide 10 before the test, after test is finished, take off microslide 10 and analyze.
Fig. 5 is the microslide of device shown in Figure 1 and the stereographic map of microslide card.Microslide 10 is installed on the microslide card 9.Its mounting means is arbitrarily, as long as both can keep relative fixed when operation, preferably, as shown in Figure 5, microslide 10 is stuck on the microslide card 9.Like this, can realize the combination and dismounting of microslide 10 and microslide card 9 easily.
In one embodiment, the method for droplet size and distribution can be carried out according to following steps in the utility model measurement device fluid:
(1) before the test, to feed cylinders 2 bottoms via following gas piping 5 from the gases at high pressure of source of the gas 7 by solenoid directional control valve 6, it is up to promote cylinder axis 3, it is up that cylinder axis 3 further drives closing door 1, thereby testing cassete is opened, loaded onto microslide 10, by solenoid directional control valve 6 gases at high pressure are fed cylinder top via last gas piping 4 again, it is descending to promote cylinder axis 3, thereby airtight testing cassete;
(2) by pulley testing cassete is put into the position of being tested, by gases at high pressure moments testing cassete moment is opened the droplet that makes in the fluid and vertically strike on the microslide 10;
(3) behind the test certain hour by gases at high pressure the testing cassete fast sealing, by pulley testing cassete is taken out flue then, open testing cassete and take out microslide 10;
(4) be put under the digit microscope and observe the size of droplet and the distribution situation of particle diameter after amplifying certain multiple;
(5) size of droplet and the distribution situation of particle diameter on microscopically Direct observation microslide 10 are with the required result of rapid acquisition.
Wherein, also can add up the size of droplet and the distribution situation of particle diameter to the photo of under digit microscope, shooting by statistical software for step (5).
In one embodiment, described fluid is a mist eliminator front and back flue gas in the flue gas desulphurization system.
In addition, those skilled in the art can easily determine rational test duration scope according to the parameters such as estimated concentration of flow rate of fluid, droplet.Generally speaking, Measuring Time will be considered concrete field condition, and then Measuring Time should be longer if on-the-spot drop concentration is low, if on-the-spot drop concentration is bigger, then the test duration is shorter.Be generally 5~30 seconds, the residence time is too short then impinge upon on the wave carrier piece droplet very little, under-represented; The residence time is oversize, and the droplet quantity that then impinges upon on the wave carrier piece is too many, makes statistic too big, and overlapping droplet can increase greatly simultaneously, thereby causes statistics to lose accuracy.
In one embodiment, described graphical analysis statistical software is: image analysis software in the reason, and version: 3.0, national ferrous materials test center product.
Drop vestige from the detection lug obtains the drop size and the detailed process that distributes is:
Microslide is placed under the electron microscope, amplify certain multiple, one scale is arranged on the microscope, can measure each particle grain size of clapping by scale, by electron microscope the photograph taking of droplet on the wave carrier piece is got off then, by the number and the particle diameter of statistics point, through the corresponding CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION that calculates droplet.If the flue flow velocity is V, the residence time is t, and the microslide area is s, and the density of droplet is ρ, and diameter is R, and counting of droplet is n, and the concentration of droplet can be calculated by formula (I) in the then clean flue gas:
According to the diameter data of the droplet that obtains, can obtain the size distribution of droplet.For example, can be transverse axis with the droplet diameter, the droplet number is the longitudinal axis, can obtain the distribution curve of droplet under each diameter after the mapping.
Embodiment 1
Utilize the utility model device to before and after certain power plant desulfurization bubble tower transformation under different bubble tower liquid level ruuning situations behind the mist eliminator in the flue gas droplet concentration and size distribution measure, thereby assessment bubble tower correctional effect.Certain the power plant's mist eliminator and the plan view from above of arranging in flue thereof are as shown in Figure 6, flue gas flows through mist eliminator after coming out from bubble tower in a direction indicated by the arrow, middle two vertical heavy lines of black are represented the two-stage mist eliminator, and four thick oblique lines in its left side are represented four fair water fins.About 1m place, mist eliminator outlet back, the second level has arranged eight gaging holes equally spaced H1~H8 number, has arranged two gaging holes of H9 and H10 before the first order mist eliminator, and the gaging hole diameter is about 300mm.Prepare the magnesian wave carrier piece that scribbles of sufficient amount before the test.
Measuring process:
(1) utilize gases at high pressure by solenoid directional control valve testing cassete to be opened and closed before the test, under the normality, solenoid directional control valve makes testing cassete be in closed condition; When the switch knob was pressed on the solenoid directional control valve, testing cassete is opened, and loads onto microslide, and was airtight testing cassete by gases at high pressure;
(2) on the flue above the test site mist eliminator, the testing cassete of sealing is put into the position of being tested from instrument connection, makes the one side that has magnesian microslide face the direction of fluid incoming flow by pulley blocks;
(3) press solenoid directional control valve and open testing cassete, test after 20 seconds and testing cassete taking-up microslide is opened in testing cassete sealing back after the taking-up from fluid by gases at high pressure.
(4) adopt electron microscope that wave carrier piece is amplified analysis, number goes out the n and measure its particle diameter R of counting of droplet
iFlue gas flow rate V is a definite value under the certain situation of load behind the mist eliminator, can move control place by power plant and learn that wave carrier piece area s is calculated by the specification of purchase wave carrier piece, and ρ is the concentration of the lime stone slurry of bubble tower, can record in power plant's sampling.Utilize above parameter to count droplet size, concentration and size distribution situation by formula (I).