CN201226006Y - Instrument for measuring flue gas speed, small liquid droplet distribution and concentration in wet desulphurization system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a measuring apparatus for the smoke gas speed, the small drop distribution and the concentration in a wet decoking system which belongs to the technical range of fog detection in the wet decoking system. The measuring apparatus includes a round test hole arranged at the bottom of the body of a test cylinder; the inside of the cylinder body is provided with a pitot tube, a test plate bracket for loading the test plate as well as a gas control part which consists of a high pressure air source, an air transmission tube, a solenoid directional valve and an air cylinder. The air cylinder is arranged in the test cylinder; the upper end and the lower end of the air cylinder are respectively provided with an upper air inlet hole and a lower air inlet hole; the shaft of the air cylinder is fixed in the center of the air cylinder; the lower end of the shaft of the air cylinder is connected with the test plate bracket through a connection tube; the pitot tube is fixed below the test plate bracket; a seal cushion at the lower side of the pitot tube is connected on the test plate bracket and used for sealing the test cylinder. The device is simple in structure, low in cost, conveniently and flexibly operated and suitable for operation under a plurality of environments.

Description

The measuring instrument of velocity of flue gas, droplet distribution, concentration in the wet desulfurization system

Technical field

The utility model belongs to smog proving installation scope in the wet desulfurization system, be applied to particularly that cross section velocity of flue gas before and after the mist eliminator in the flue gas desulphurization system distributes and flue gas in a kind of wet desulfurization system of the particle diameter of droplet and concentration determination velocity of flue gas, droplet distribute, the measuring instrument of concentration.

Background technology

The flue gas of desulfurizer of flowing through in the wet desulfurization system is carrying droplet and is entering mist eliminator, and mist eliminator can only be removed the drop of particle diameter greater than critical diameter, does not have removal effect for particle diameter substantially less than 30 microns droplet.And droplet is rich in compositions such as calcium hydroxide and calcium sulphate.The flue gas that contains droplet is during through the cigarette of desulphurization system-cigarette well heater (GGH), droplet will be attached on the GGH blade, because the temperature height of blade, moisture is evaporated, and compositions such as calcium hydroxide (lime stone) and calcium sulphate by viscous on blade, cause GGH to stop up, make GGH pressure reduction increase, cause desulphurization system booster fan surging even stall, influenced safety, the economical operation of whole desulphurization system even whole unit.Therefore, measure droplet size distribution and concentration before and after the mist eliminator, help judging the fog effect that removes of mist eliminator, help predicting the blocked state of GGH, for the safe operation of desulphurization system provides guidance.

Since the flow velocity height in flow field behind the mist eliminator, high humidity, flue-gas temperature height, measurement environment very severe.Also there is not testing tool at present at home and abroad at the size distribution of droplet behind the desulphurization system mist eliminator.

Thereby, the mist eliminator front and back flue gas flow rate that need a kind ofly can measure desulphurization system easily distributes, the medium and small size droplet diameter of flue gas distributes and the device and method of concentration, so that mist eliminator remove fog effect, assessment GGH blocked state, and be the safe operation raising reference of desulphurization system.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is at the flue gas that contains droplet during through the cigarette of desulphurization system-cigarette well heater (GGH), droplet will be attached on the GGH blade, because the temperature height of blade, moisture is evaporated, and calcium hydroxide (lime stone) and calcium sulphate viscous are on blade, cause GGH to stop up, make GGH pressure reduction increase, cause desulphurization system booster fan surging even stall, influenced the safety of whole desulphurization system even whole unit, the deficiency of economical operation, and provide velocity of flue gas in a kind of wet desulfurization system, droplet distributes, the measuring instrument of concentration, it is characterized in that described measuring instrument comprises: test barrel and gas control section have an instrument connection on an end of test barrel cylindrical shell, cylindrical shell top fixed roof is provided with a pitot tube and loads the test pieces support of test pieces in inner barrel; Fix a pitot tube under the test pieces support, the sealing gasket of pitot tube below is connected on the test pieces support; Described gas control section is made up of high-pressure air source, gas piping, solenoid directional control valve and cylinder, cylinder is positioned at test barrel, the upper and lower side of cylinder is provided with air admission hole, following air admission hole respectively, and cylinder axis is fixed on cylinder axis, is connected by connecting pipe between cylinder axis lower end and the test pieces support; Fix two silicone tubes on the test pieces support, two silicone tubes connect the stagnation pressure tube and the static tube of pitot tube respectively.

Described two silicone tubes are drawn the back and are connected with microbarograph from two Kong Zhongyi holes on the top cover of test barrel, two draft tube of cylinder are drawn in the another one hole.

Described gas piping comprises draft tube and lower inlet duct, and last draft tube and lower inlet duct are communicated with the last air admission hole and the following air admission hole of cylinder respectively.

Described solenoid directional control valve is connected by the air admission hole of draft tube with the cylinder two ends, and solenoid directional control valve switches between last lower inlet duct.

Scribble silica gel thin film on the described test pieces.

The utlity model has following advantage: apparatus structure is simple, and cost is low, and is flexible to operation, is applicable to operation under most of environment.Be particularly useful for the test of droplet in the flue gas flow rate and flue gas before and after the mist eliminator in the flue gas desulphurization system.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is that velocity of flue gas in the wet desulfurization system, droplet distribute, the explosive view of the measuring instrument of concentration;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of Fig. 1.

Stereographic map when Fig. 3 is positioned at test position for pitot tube and test pieces.

Fig. 4 is the stereographic map of test pieces and test pieces support;

Fig. 5 is the stereographic map of the test barrel cover of device shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 6 is the instrument connection arrangenent diagram.

Fig. 7 is the test point arrangenent diagram.

Embodiment

The utility model provides the measuring instrument of velocity of flue gas in a kind of wet desulfurization system, droplet distribution, concentration.The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings.

In Fig. 1, wet desulfurization system shown in Figure 2 velocity of flue gas, droplet distribute, in the measuring instrument structural representation of concentration, described measuring instrument is made up of test barrel and gas control section, tube at test barrel cylindrical shell 1 has an instrument connection 3 at the end, cylindrical shell 1 top fixed roof 2 is provided with a pitot tube 4 and loads the test pieces support 6 of test pieces 5 in cylindrical shell 1 inside; Fix a pitot tube 4 on test pieces support 6, the sealing gasket 7 of pitot tube 4 belows is connected on the test pieces support 6; Described gas control section is made up of high-pressure air source, gas piping, solenoid directional control valve and cylinder, cylinder 10 is positioned at test barrel 1, cylinder 10 is fixed on top cover 2 belows by Screw hole 20, the last air admission hole of cylinder 10 upper ends connects the following air admission hole of going up draft tube 12, lower end and connects lower inlet duct 11, connect solenoid directional control valve 13 between last draft tube 12, lower inlet duct 11, the air admission hole of total inlet pipe 14 and solenoid directional control valve 13 is connected; Cylinder axis 9 is fixed on cylinder 10 centers, be connected by connecting pipe 5 between cylinder axis 9 lower ends and the test pieces support 6, on test pieces support 6, fix two silicone tubes, two silicone tubes connect the stagnation pressure tube 15 and static tube 16 (the experiment test instrument of pitot tube for using always of pitot tube 4 respectively, all corresponding explanation can be arranged on the instructions), be connected with microbarograph 17 after draw in a hole two two holes 18 of silicone tube from the top cover 2 of test barrel 1, two draft tube of cylinder are drawn in the another one hole.Stretch out two silicone tubes and link (shown in Fig. 2,5) on the microbarograph 17.

The principle of work of this measuring instrument is: before detecting, utilize the control of gas control section, gases at high pressure enter solenoid directional control valve 13 from total inlet pipe 14, last draft tube 12 and lower inlet duct 11 respectively with the last air admission hole of cylinder 10 and following air admission hole UNICOM; Solenoid directional control valve 13 switches between last lower inlet duct, when solenoid directional control valve 13 switches the last draft tube 12 enter cylinder top with gases at high pressure, it is descending to promote cylinder axis 9, it is descending to drive pitot tube 4, test pieces support 6 and sealing gasket 7, thereby pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 are exposed in the flue gas atmosphere that will measure (as shown in Figure 3); Flue gas faces pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 and flows, and reads flow velocity from the flue gas that pitot tube 4 enters by coupled microbarograph 17, and the droplet in the flue gas directly impinges upon on the test pieces 5 on the test pieces support 6, leaves a trace; After test duration through 1～90s, gases at high pressure from high-pressure air source enter the cylinder bottom by solenoid directional control valve 13 switchings, it is up to promote cylinder axis 9, it is up to drive test pieces support 6, pitot tube 4 and sealing gasket 7, test pieces support 6 and pitot tube 4 are return in the test barrel 1, simultaneously sealing gasket 7 sealing test tubes 1.From the flue gas atmosphere, take out test barrel 1, and utilize gas control section control test pieces support 6 in tube, to stretch out, take out test pieces 5 wherein; Droplet vestige on the test pieces 5 is shot photo after amplifying certain multiple under the digit microscope, the droplet vestige on the test pieces 5 that the direct observation station of microscopically gets obtains size droplet diameter and distributes and the concentration situation.

Above-mentioned test barrel cylindrical shell 1 is a cylindrical tube, is that a top cover 2 is connected with cylindrical shell 1 by big screw hole 19 on the tube, and tube bottom has a circular instrument connection 9 for pitot tube 4 and test pieces support

Stretch out and return.In addition, being appreciated that such as test pieces 5 to provide with this device, also can provide respectively.

Described test pieces 5 preferably has smooth plane, scribbles silica gel thin film on it, is used to write down the information that impinges upon the droplet on the test pieces, behind drop bump, and the striking mark of liquid hold-up well.

Shown in Figure 2, test barrel is in non-test mode, and pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 all are positioned at test barrel 1 inside, instrument connection 9 sealed pad 7 sealings simultaneously, and before test barrel 1 being placed the flue gas measurement and after the end of test (EOT), test barrel is in this state.

Figure 4 shows that the test pieces of device shown in Figure 1 and the stereographic map of test pieces support.Test pieces 5 is installed on the test pieces support 6.Like this, can realize the combination and dismounting of test pieces 5 and test pieces support 6 easily.

Switch at a high speed with gases at high pressure by solenoid valve and to promote cylinder rapidly, skin takes off pipe and test pieces and can be rapidly stretches out in the test barrel or recall, and can be reduced in the error of measurement in the unit interval.

Drop vestige on the test pieces obtains the detailed process that size droplet diameter distributes:

Test pieces is placed under the electron microscope, amplify certain multiple, microscope is distinguished out the vestige that different droplets stay in the test pieces automatically by the difference of light sensitivity, counts the number n of droplet, and separates out the area F of droplet vestige by the light sensitivity principles statistical _i, the equivalent diameter of converting out this droplet is d _i

$d_i=2\sqrt{F_i/\mathrm{\π}}---\left(1\right)$

The local flow velocity that pitot tube is measured is v, and the residence time of test pieces in flue gas is t, and the test pieces area is s, and the density of droplet is ρ, and droplet concentration can be calculated by formula (2) in the then clean flue gas:

$C=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{n}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}4\mathrm{\ρ}{F}_i^{1.5}}{{3\mathrm{svt\π}}^{0.5}}\mathrm{mg}/m^3---\left(2\right)$

By formula (1), calculate the particle size of all droplets, thus the size distribution of droplet.By formula (2), can calculate the concentration of droplet in the flue gas.

Embodiment 1

Utilize this device and measuring method that flue gas flow rate, droplet size distribution and concentration before and after certain power plant desulfurization mist eliminator are measured, thereby fog effect is removed at the scene of assessment mist eliminator.Certain power plant's mist eliminator and the plan view from above of arranging in flue thereof, its test pattern as shown in Figure 6.Flue gas flows through mist eliminator after coming out from bubble tower in a direction indicated by the arrow, and middle two vertical heavy lines of redness are represented the two-stage mist eliminator.The 1m place has arranged eight gaging holes of A1～A8 (as shown in Figure 6) before the first order mist eliminator, each gaging hole is established eight measuring points of T1～T8 (as shown in Figure 7), about 1m place, mist eliminator outlet back, the second level has arranged equally spaced B1～B8 number eight gaging holes (as shown in Figure 6), and each gaging hole is established eight measuring points of P1～P8 (as shown in Figure 7).Prepare the test pieces that scribbles silica gel thin film of sufficient amount before the test.

Measuring process:

(1) before the test, to feed cylinder 10 tops via last draft tube 12 from the gases at high pressure of source of the gas by solenoid directional control valve 13, it is descending to promote cylinder axis 9, cylinder axis 9 further drives pitot tube 4 and test pieces support 6 and stretches out instrument connection 3, load onto test pieces 5, by solenoid directional control valve gases at high pressure are fed cylinder 10 bottoms via lower inlet duct 11 again, it is up to promote cylinder axis 9, thereby pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 are regained in the test barrel 1, by sealing gasket 7 instrument connection 1 is sealed simultaneously;

(2) test barrel 1 is put into the position top certain distance of being tested, pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 is placed test position by gases at high pressure moments, and face flow path direction, can measurement flow rate, the droplet in the flue gas vertically strikes on the test pieces 5;

(3) test 1～90s writes down Measuring Time and microbarograph 17 readings after the time, by gases at high pressure pitot tube 4 and test pieces 5 is regained in the test barrel 1, simultaneously sealing test tube 1.Test barrel 1 is taken out flue, test pieces support 6 is stretched out test barrel 1, take out test pieces 5;

(4) adopt electron microscope that test pieces 5 is amplified and analyze, draw droplet area F by the microscope automatic statistical analysis _iAnd the number n of droplet.The test pieces area can measure with ruler and calculate after the length of side and get, and ρ is the density of the lime stone slurry of bubble tower, can take a sample in power plant record.Utilize above parameter to count droplet size distribution and concentration by formula (1) and (2).

Should be appreciated that these specific embodiments and the drawings only are used to purpose of the present invention is described, and are not intended to restriction the present invention.Those skilled in the art can carry out various modifications, modification and correction to it apparently after reading instructions, these modifications, modification and correction all fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. In the wet desulfurization system velocity of flue gas, droplet distribute, the measuring instrument of concentration, it is characterized in that, described measuring instrument comprises: test barrel and gas control section, tube at the test barrel cylindrical shell has an instrument connection at the end, cylindrical shell top fixed roof is provided with a pitot tube and loads the test pieces support of test pieces in inner barrel; Fix a pitot tube under the test pieces support, the sealing gasket of pitot tube below is connected on the test horse; Described gas control section is made up of high-pressure air source, gas piping, solenoid directional control valve and cylinder, cylinder is positioned at test barrel, the upper and lower side of cylinder is provided with air admission hole, following air admission hole respectively, and cylinder axis is fixed on cylinder axis, is connected by connecting pipe between cylinder axis lower end and the test pieces support; Fix two silicone tubes on the test pieces support, two silicone tubes connect the stagnation pressure tube and the static tube of pitot tube respectively.
2. According to velocity of flue gas in the described wet desulfurization system of claim 1, droplet distribute, the measuring instrument of concentration, it is characterized in that, described gas piping comprises draft tube and lower inlet duct, and last draft tube and lower inlet duct are communicated with the last air admission hole and the following air admission hole of cylinder respectively.
3. 3. according to the measuring instrument of velocity of flue gas, droplet distribution, concentration in the described wet desulfurization system of claim 1, it is characterized in that described solenoid directional control valve is connected by the air admission hole of draft tube with the cylinder two ends, solenoid directional control valve switches between last lower inlet duct.
4. According to velocity of flue gas in the described wet desulfurization system of claim 1, droplet distribute, the measuring instrument of concentration, it is characterized in that described two draft tube two circular holes from the test barrel top cover are respectively introduced.
5. 5. according to the measuring instrument of velocity of flue gas, droplet distribution, concentration in the described wet desulfurization system of claim 1, it is characterized in that, scribble silica gel thin film on the described test pieces.
6. According to velocity of flue gas in the described wet desulfurization system of claim 1, droplet distribute, the measuring instrument of concentration, it is characterized in that, a hole two holes of described two silicone tubes from the top cover of test barrel is drawn the back and is connected with microbarograph, and two draft tube of cylinder are drawn in the another one hole.

Images