CN201203300Y - R125 near critical cycle high temperature heat pump unit - Google Patents
R125 near critical cycle high temperature heat pump unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN201203300Y CN201203300Y CNU2008200704194U CN200820070419U CN201203300Y CN 201203300 Y CN201203300 Y CN 201203300Y CN U2008200704194 U CNU2008200704194 U CN U2008200704194U CN 200820070419 U CN200820070419 U CN 200820070419U CN 201203300 Y CN201203300 Y CN 201203300Y
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种R125近临界循环高温热泵机组，包括热泵单元和贮水单元，热泵单元是由压缩机、冷凝器、贮液器、蒸发器通过铜管依次连接构成闭合回路，在冷凝器和贮液器、贮液器和蒸发器之间的铜管上各加装一节流阀，构成双节流结构，在蒸发器的热交换通道上连接有作为空调用冷冻水使用的进水管和出水管，在贮水单元中，主水管通过水泵与冷凝器的热交换通道的进水口相连接，冷凝器的热交换通道的出水口通过混水阀和冷水管道相连接，混和后的管道为供厨房、卫生间使用的生活热水管道，冷凝器的出水口还与贮水箱接通，在贮水箱上接通有以供洗澡用水的管道，具有温度范围大、压比小、易于调节、流程简单、在一定冷热源条件下热泵性能系数高等优点。
The utility model relates to an R125 near-critical cycle high-temperature heat pump unit, which includes a heat pump unit and a water storage unit. The heat pump unit is composed of a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage device, and an evaporator sequentially connected through copper pipes to form a closed circuit. A throttling valve is installed on the copper pipe between the liquid reservoir and the liquid reservoir and the evaporator to form a double throttling structure. The heat exchange channel of the evaporator is connected with a water inlet pipe used as chilled water for air conditioning And the water outlet pipe, in the water storage unit, the main water pipe is connected with the water inlet of the heat exchange channel of the condenser through the water pump, and the water outlet of the heat exchange channel of the condenser is connected with the cold water pipe through the water mixing valve, and the pipe after mixing It is a domestic hot water pipe for kitchen and bathroom, the outlet of the condenser is also connected with the water storage tank, and the water storage tank is connected with a pipe for bathing water, which has a large temperature range, small pressure ratio, easy adjustment, The process is simple, and the heat pump performance coefficient is high under certain cold and heat source conditions.
Description
技术领域: Technical field:
本实用新型涉及一种具有很好的热力学性能，温度适应范围广且流程简单的R125近临界循环高温热泵机组。The utility model relates to an R125 near-critical cycle high-temperature heat pump unit with good thermodynamic performance, wide temperature adaptability range and simple process.
背景技术: Background technique:
热泵技术作为一种节能技术，能够提供比驱动能源多的热能，在节约能源、环境保护方面具有独特的优势，在制冷空调领域取得了广泛的应用，并取得了良好的节能和环保效益，然而，在我国其他的传统用热领域热泵却没有得到很好的应用，比如北方地区的冬季供热、生活用热水及工艺蒸汽、热水供应等方面。目前，在我国的用热结构中，100℃及以下的用热占了相当大一部分，而这部分热能以前主要依靠中小型燃煤锅炉提供。由于受到日益恶化的环境问题的挑战，以前大量使用的以煤作燃料的供热设备(主要是中小型煤锅炉)需要寻找更清洁的替代，随着能源危机和制冷技术的进一步成熟，热泵装置的可靠性和效率也有了较大的提高，根据一次能源消耗和经济性分析，当热泵的制热系数达2.0—2.5时便与使用燃油锅炉供热的系统具有相当的能源效率和经济性。高效率的热泵系统具有较好的经济性和良好的环境特性，在对能源和环境问题日益受到重视的今天和将来，研究和发展高效热泵循环及其系统具有重要的意义。As an energy-saving technology, heat pump technology can provide more heat energy than driving energy, and has unique advantages in energy saving and environmental protection. It has been widely used in the field of refrigeration and air conditioning, and has achieved good energy-saving and environmental protection benefits. However, However, heat pumps have not been well applied in other traditional heat-using fields in my country, such as winter heating, domestic hot water, process steam, and hot water supply in the northern region. At present, in my country's heat consumption structure, the heat consumption of 100°C and below accounts for a considerable part, and this part of heat energy was mainly provided by small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers in the past. Due to the challenge of deteriorating environmental problems, coal-fired heating equipment (mainly small and medium-sized coal boilers) used in large quantities in the past needs to find cleaner alternatives. With the energy crisis and the further maturity of refrigeration technology, heat pump devices The reliability and efficiency of the heat pump have also been greatly improved. According to the analysis of primary energy consumption and economy, when the heating coefficient of the heat pump reaches 2.0-2.5, it has comparable energy efficiency and economy to the system using an oil-fired boiler for heating. A high-efficiency heat pump system has good economic and environmental characteristics. Today and in the future, when energy and environmental issues are increasingly valued, it is of great significance to research and develop high-efficiency heat pump cycles and their systems.
目前热泵应用中还存在不少的问题，主要是常规单级热泵的温度范围不大，要实现较大温差的供热，必须采用两级或更多级压缩的流程，因而系统较复杂，运行调节不方便。临界循环在制冷及热泵上的应用是由于制冷剂的环境问题被迫选用自然工质CO2而提出来的，因CO2的临界温度较低，在一般情况下冷凝温度都高于临界温度，这本是一个无奈的选择，但在对CO2跨临界循环的研究中发现，其在冷却过程的温度变化能很好地与热水加热过程的温度变化相匹配，实验证明其在作热泵工质时具有较高的热力系数、可在较大温度范围内工作。CO2是自然工质，从环境的角度来看是最好的，但它的临界压力过高，临界温度过低，其热力学性能并不理想，在热泵的应用上受到很大限制。而以R125工质为主的制冷剂在这方面表现了较好的潜力。At present, there are still many problems in the application of heat pumps. The main reason is that the temperature range of conventional single-stage heat pumps is not large. It is inconvenient to adjust. The application of the critical cycle in refrigeration and heat pumps was proposed due to the environmental problems of the refrigerant and forced to use the natural working medium CO2 . Because the critical temperature of CO2 is low, the condensation temperature is generally higher than the critical temperature. This is a helpless choice, but in the study of CO 2 transcritical cycle, it is found that its temperature change in the cooling process can well match the temperature change in the hot water heating process, and the experiment proves that it works as a heat pump. It has a high thermal coefficient and can work in a large temperature range. CO 2 is a natural working medium, which is the best from an environmental point of view, but its critical pressure is too high, its critical temperature is too low, its thermodynamic properties are not ideal, and its application in heat pumps is greatly restricted. The refrigerant based on R125 has shown good potential in this respect.
北方地区的冬季供热、生活用热水及工艺蒸汽、热水供应等领域中，使用目前的热泵循环和系统很难达到理想的效果，另外，北方很多地区对夏季需供冷、冬季需供热的建筑，经常同时设置制冷和采暖两个系统来满足建筑的要求，这实质上也是一种浪费。R125工质近临界热泵无疑是一个良好的选择，除了正常的制冷效果外，其循环放热过程的温度变化特性决定了它在加热热水上的独特优势，对此循环性能研究和利用对扩大热泵应用领域、提高能源利用率、减少环境污染等方面均具有重要意义。In the fields of winter heating, domestic hot water, process steam, and hot water supply in the northern region, it is difficult to achieve ideal results using the current heat pump cycle and system. In addition, many areas in the north need cooling in summer and supply in winter. In hot buildings, two systems of cooling and heating are often installed at the same time to meet the requirements of the building, which is essentially a waste. The near-critical heat pump with R125 working medium is undoubtedly a good choice. In addition to the normal cooling effect, the temperature change characteristics of its cycle heat release process determine its unique advantages in heating hot water. The research and utilization of this cycle performance is of great importance to the expansion It is of great significance in the application field of heat pump, improving energy utilization rate and reducing environmental pollution.
发明内容： Invention content:
本实用新型的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的不足而提供一种在常规热泵系统的基础上，通过更换压缩机实现R125工质作为热泵工质的近临界循环，同时在贮液器前后分别加装一节流阀，构成双级节流结构，以便系统高低压控制的R125近临界循环高温热泵机组。The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a near-critical cycle in which the R125 working medium is used as the heat pump working medium by replacing the compressor on the basis of the conventional heat pump system. A throttling valve is added to form a two-stage throttling structure, so that the R125 near-critical cycle high-temperature heat pump unit with high and low pressure control of the system.
本实用新型的目的是这样实现的：包括热泵单元和贮水单元，其特征在于：The purpose of this utility model is achieved like this: comprise heat pump unit and water storage unit, it is characterized in that:
热泵单元是由压缩机、冷凝器、贮液器、蒸发器通过铜管依次连接构成的闭合回路，在热泵单元中，在冷凝器和贮液器、贮液器和蒸发器之间的铜管上各加装一节流阀，构成双节流结构，在蒸发器的热交换通道上连接有作为空调用冷冻水使用的进水管和出水管，The heat pump unit is a closed circuit composed of a compressor, a condenser, a liquid receiver, and an evaporator connected sequentially through copper pipes. In the heat pump unit, the copper pipes between the condenser and the liquid receiver, and the liquid receiver and the evaporator A throttling valve is installed on each side to form a double throttling structure. The heat exchange channel of the evaporator is connected with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe used as chilled water for air conditioning.
在贮水单元中，主水管通过水泵与冷凝器的热交换通道的进水口相连接，冷凝器的热交换通道的出水口通过混水阀和冷水管道相连接，混和后的管道为供厨房、卫生间使用的生活热水管道，冷凝器的出水口还与贮水箱接通，并且在贮水箱上接通有以供洗澡用水的管道。In the water storage unit, the main water pipe is connected with the water inlet of the heat exchange channel of the condenser through the water pump, and the water outlet of the heat exchange channel of the condenser is connected with the cold water pipe through the water mixing valve, and the mixed pipe is for the kitchen, The domestic hot water pipe used in the toilet, the water outlet of the condenser is also connected with the water storage tank, and the water storage tank is connected with a pipeline for bathing water.
在热泵单元中的制冷工质为HFC类新工质R125；R125制冷剂在系统内的循环为近临界循环状态。The refrigerant in the heat pump unit is HFC-type new refrigerant R125; the cycle of the R125 refrigerant in the system is a near-critical cycle state.
所述的压缩机、冷凝器、贮液器、蒸发器之间以壁厚为1.0mm的铜管依次连接，构成闭合回路。The compressor, condenser, liquid receiver, and evaporator are sequentially connected by copper pipes with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm to form a closed circuit.
本实用新型具有如下积极效果：经计算和实验，结果表明，其COP可高达3.0以上，具有很好的热力学性能，温度适应范围广且流程简单。R125工质近临界热泵作为一种能适应大温差供热的热泵装置，会在以下领域中获得较好的应用：The utility model has the following positive effects: the calculation and experiment results show that the COP can be as high as 3.0 or more, has good thermodynamic performance, wide temperature range and simple process. R125 working fluid near-critical heat pump, as a heat pump device that can adapt to large temperature difference heating, will be better applied in the following fields:
(1)空调冷热水双供系统。即在提供空调冷冻水的同时提供温度达到80—90℃以上的高温热水。CO2跨临界循环由于其临界压力过高(7.37MPa)，临界温度过低(31.1℃)，其热力学性能并不是很好，在热泵的应用上受到很大的影响，而采用R125制冷工质进行临界循环则具有较好的制冷效率，可在空调制冷的工况下提供温度较高的热水。(2)空调供热蓄热系统。目前空调蓄热系统均采用电锅炉作为热源，为减少蓄热容积，一般要将蓄热热水从50℃左右加热到90℃以上。由于临界热泵能高效地将热水加热到高温，使得高温水蓄热具有更好的经济性。(3)生活热水供应系统。生活热水往往需要将水从常温加热到60℃以上，临界热泵正好具有这方面的优势，可达到较高的能量效率。(4)生产工艺供热和小型区域供热。均要求较高的供热温度和有较大的供回水温差，对能量的需求也较大，这正是临界热泵的优势。(1) Air conditioning hot and cold water dual supply system. That is, while providing air-conditioning chilled water, high-temperature hot water with a temperature of 80-90°C is provided. Due to the high critical pressure (7.37MPa) and low critical temperature (31.1°C) of the CO 2 transcritical cycle, its thermodynamic performance is not very good, and it is greatly affected in the application of heat pumps, and the R125 refrigerant is used The critical cycle has better refrigeration efficiency, and can provide hot water with a higher temperature under the condition of air-conditioning refrigeration. (2) Air conditioning heat supply heat storage system. At present, electric boilers are used as the heat source in air-conditioning heat storage systems. In order to reduce the heat storage volume, it is generally necessary to heat the heat storage hot water from about 50°C to above 90°C. Because critical heat pumps can efficiently heat hot water to high temperatures, high-temperature water heat storage is more economical. (3) domestic hot water supply system. Domestic hot water often needs to heat water from room temperature to above 60°C. Critical heat pumps have the advantage in this regard and can achieve high energy efficiency. (4) Production process heating and small area heating. Both require a high heating temperature and a large temperature difference between supply and return water, and the demand for energy is also large, which is the advantage of critical heat pumps.
本实用新型具有温度范围大、压比小、易于调节、在一定冷热源条件下热泵性能系数高等优点。此循环不但与常规热泵循环特性不一样，与CO2跨临界循环在很多地方也不同。采用近临界循环可比常规使用高温工质的单级高温热泵提高效率30％-50％，在供热的温度变化范围较大时系统参数也比常规热泵系统稳定得多。热泵的核心部件——压缩机采用适应R125工质近临界循环特点的压缩机。近临界循环高温热泵作为一种能适应大温差供热的热泵装置，会在空调冷热水双供系统、蓄热、生活及工艺热水供应系统中获得较好应用。该装置对扩大热泵机组应用领域、实现其真正的“一机两用”、提高能源利用率、减少环境污染等方面具有重要意义。The utility model has the advantages of large temperature range, small pressure ratio, easy adjustment, high heat pump performance coefficient under certain cold and heat source conditions, and the like. This cycle is not only different from conventional heat pump cycle characteristics, but also different from CO2 transcritical cycle in many places. The use of near-critical cycle can improve the efficiency by 30%-50% compared with conventional single-stage high-temperature heat pumps using high-temperature working fluid, and the system parameters are much more stable than conventional heat pump systems when the heating temperature range is large. The core component of the heat pump——the compressor adopts a compressor that adapts to the characteristics of the near-critical cycle of the R125 working fluid. As a heat pump device that can adapt to large temperature difference heating, the near-critical cycle high-temperature heat pump will be better applied in the dual supply system of cold and hot water for air conditioning, heat storage, domestic and process hot water supply systems. The device is of great significance in expanding the application field of heat pump units, realizing its true "one machine with two uses", improving energy utilization, and reducing environmental pollution.
附图说明： Description of drawings:
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
具体实施方式： Detailed ways:
如图1所示，本实用新型包括热泵单元I和贮水单元II，热泵单元I是由压缩机1、冷凝器2、贮液器3、蒸发器4通过铜管依次连接构成的闭合回路，在热泵单元中，在冷凝器和贮液器、贮液器和蒸发器之间的铜管上各加装一节流阀5，构成双节流结构，在蒸发器4的热交换通道上通过阀门10连接有作为空调用冷冻水使用的进水管11和出水管12。在贮水单元II中，主水管6通过水泵7与冷凝器2的热交换通道的进水口相连接，冷凝器2的热交换通道的出水口通过混水阀8和冷水管道相连接，混和后的管道为供厨房、卫生间使用的生活热水管道，冷凝器2的出水口还与贮水箱9接通，并且在贮水箱9上接通有以供洗澡用水的管道。在热泵单元中的制冷工质为HFC类新工质R125；R125制冷剂在系统内的循环为近临界循环状态。As shown in Fig. 1, the utility model includes a heat pump unit I and a water storage unit II, and the heat pump unit I is a closed circuit composed of a compressor 1, a
如图所示，热泵单元中，压缩机、冷凝器、贮液器、蒸发器之间以壁厚为1.0mm的铜管依次连接，构成闭合回路；在冷凝器和贮液器、贮液器和蒸发器之间的铜管上各加装一节流阀，构成双节流结构；热泵单元中的R125制冷剂采用近临界循环。贮水单元中，主水管来水经过水泵进入冷凝器(热水器)换热，换热后的高温热水一部分通过混水阀和冷水混和后，形成可供厨房、卫生间使用的生活热水，一部分高温热水进入贮水箱，以供洗澡用水。通过蒸发器进行热交换后的水可以作为空调用冷冻水使用。As shown in the figure, in the heat pump unit, the compressor, condenser, liquid receiver, and evaporator are connected sequentially with copper pipes with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm to form a closed circuit; A throttling valve is installed on the copper pipe between the evaporator and the evaporator to form a double throttling structure; the R125 refrigerant in the heat pump unit adopts a near-critical cycle. In the water storage unit, the incoming water from the main water pipe enters the condenser (water heater) through the water pump for heat exchange. After the heat exchange, part of the high-temperature hot water passes through the mixing valve and mixes with cold water to form domestic hot water for use in kitchens and bathrooms. High-temperature hot water enters the water storage tank for bathing water. The water after heat exchange by the evaporator can be used as chilled water for air conditioning.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103827599A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-28 | 西门子公司 | High-temperature heat pump and method of using working medium in high-temperature heat pump |
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| CN103827599A (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-05-28 | 西门子公司 | High-temperature heat pump and method of using working medium in high-temperature heat pump |
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