Fully-mechanized digging machine immediate support device
Technical field
The utility model relates to excavation operation suspension device in tunnel in a kind of mining, particularly a kind of can with the fully-mechanized digging machine immediate support device of comprehensive mechanized development machine coordinating operation, the top board that it has just exposed during to the tunnelling operation is realized mechanization supporting timely, and the shielding fully-mechanized digging machine is realized working continuously.Belong to mining machinery manufacturing and application.
Background technology
In the pit mining in present mining, especially colliery, the excavation operation in tunnel is the prerequisite of every other operation.Along with the comprehensive mechanized development machine generally use of (being called for short " fully-mechanized digging machine "), " drilling and blasting " operating type that the efficient of tunnelling is more traditional has had large increase.But, influenced by the back ROCK CONDITIONS, generally the driving technology of Cai Yonging is: just shut down when generally tunneling 1~2 meter, carry out artificial temporary lining with anchor pole, anchor cable or capplce etc., and then start is tunneled 1~2 meter, so cycle operation.This desultory cycle operation efficient is very low, makes excavation operation can't bring into play the advantage of fully-mechanized digging machine.Relevant data shows: even if in, also less than 0.3 of the fully-mechanized digging machine Homes Using TV under the large-scale coal mine during tunnelling, that is surpass time of 2/3rds and all be used for artificial temporary lining, its basic reason is exactly that existing supporting means fall behind, and lacks a kind of safety means that can screen the normal driving of fully-mechanized digging machine and simultaneously the back that tunnels firm exposure be carried out temporary lining.Tunnelling has become the bottleneck that a lot of coal mining enterprises of restriction produce, and according to home and abroad related data report, does not still have the maturation of this series products or technology at present and uses.Although China is since the last century the nineties, some schemes of being devoted to address this problem have also appearred successively, but no matter on its design principle, still all reflect these schemes from the application practice or too theorize, maybe can not adapt to on-the-spot actual needs.
Existing excavation operation suspension device can roughly be divided three classes: the first kind is to do some change on existing development machine, temporary support device and fully-mechanized digging machine are integrated, reach the purpose of working continuously, as patent announcement number " combining pick meets head on to visit temporary support device before the hydraulic pressure " for CN2782932Y, " supporting type continuous tunnelling machine " of CN1987046A, " a kind of front-probe support of tunneling working face " of CN2204334Y, " advanced stand device of driving face " of CN101029570A, " pick; protect; the anchoring integral heading equipment " of CN200964858Y etc., the suspension device that these and fully-mechanized digging machine are fixed together, though solved the walking problem to a certain extent, but the huge vibrations that fully-mechanized digging machine produces in tunneling process also will directly act on the back of institute's supporting by suspension device, quicken it and destroy, also produce various faults because of vibration easily with the fixing of fully-mechanized digging machine cut rocking arm or fuselage simultaneously; In addition, this structure often can't the large-area zone of supporting, still will rely on intermittent manual work.
Second class is to adopt the capplce of parallel interval setting to add supporting leg (mostly being hydraulic prop), and mobile employing takes a step to move the structure of frame from moving or circulating: is that " driving with flexible back timber temporary lining ", the notification number of CN2142883A is " the heading end temporary lining special type hydraulic support " of CN2189645Y, " compressibile support that is used for roadway head " that notification number is CN2851578Y etc. as patent announcement number for " driving face falsework ", the notification number of CN2133672A.Above patent all belongs to the structure of employing " slippage " back timber, and the support of this structure all is applied in the common fully-mechanized mining working as a kind of simple and easy force piece, presses little, the uncomplicated coal seam of geological conditions that certain applicability is arranged for the ore deposit.This structure usually with two back timbers that are arranged in juxtaposition by arranged side by side the linking together of the auxiliary connection of side, link to each other with individual prop under the back timber, individual prop acts directly on the base plate.The support of this form of structure relies on the passing jack that is arranged between two back timbers arranged side by side or is positioned at the back timber bottom, the push-and-pull back timber moves ahead mutually, but moving of it must be carried out slippage by adjacent supports back timber or other transversing gears with it, thereby is not suitable in the narrow tunnel.The problem that these suspension devices mainly exist: the one, can not well solve the support stability problem when moving behind the frame supporting again; The 2nd, meet that the tunnel rises and falls or base plate when softer, this class formation tends to move frame supporting difficulty, the problem of supporting leg " at the bottom of the bundle "; The 3rd, can't solve development machine immediate support problem foremost, the development machine front end has a shovel board, the tunnel two that need recline is helped to clear up, so the supporting leg of this type of support can't be set near the shovel board, also with regard to being difficult to the top board that heading end has just exposed is carried out effective immediate support.The mechanism of some patent disclosure also is be similar to " slippage " back timber a kind of, realizes the purpose that moves by directly back timber being carried out push-and-pull.Different is that they adopt the form of " major and minor ", try hard to realize dividing a word with a hyphen at the end of a line away certainly of support itself.For example notification number is that " visiting hydraulic support before the slippage ", the notification number of CN2178279 are " the cartridge beam hydraulic pressure slippage bracket " of CN2078802, " full section hydraulic support with internal and external beam lift strut ", " combined end hydraulic support " that notification number is CN1071993 and CN2104296 that notification number is CN1061829, but this class support only adopts back timber to add the structure of monomer or hydraulic prop, can't form stable support body, move and a large amount of manual work of supporting process need, so poor stability.Be subjected to the structural limitations of support own, carry in the process of leg moving frame, back timber is produced big moment of flexure, mechanism easily produces Ka not.
The 3rd class is the master who adopts mutual push-and-pull; the form of structure of subframe or a plurality of unit racks; as patent announcement is the master of " hydraulic support that is used for roadway head " proposition of CN100365244C; the form that subframe is pegged graft; stable and supporting and the mobile advantage that provides to support; but this structure must cause the whole broad of support; be unfavorable for arranging between frame fully-mechanized digging machine; the two coordinating operation and walking are also influenced; and as described in this patent; the equipment of permanent supports such as anchor net and anchor band still needs to construct at the support front end; that is to say that still needing fully-mechanized digging machine to shut down carries out the permanent support operation, so fundamentally do not change the work pattern of fully-mechanized digging machine.Patent announcement number for propose in CN1035025C " necessary support frame before heading face " by the form of structure that is spliced into a whole set of support before and after a plurality of unit racks, attempt to realize that the top board and two to the tunnel helps to realize totally enclosed supporting.But find that in production application there is following problem in this structure: the one, can't be easily in narrow tunnel, down-hole, install, dismantle and keep in repair; The 2nd, its supporting and the stability when mobile can't guarantee.Patent announcement number designs for solving " big gun pick " work plane for the technical scheme of CN2890341Y " driving hydraulic prop support ", but it can't carry out supporting operation with fully-mechanized digging machine.
The inventor once designed patent announcement number " lame advanced supporting rack " for CN200985799Y, and it is applicable to carries out advance support to the tunnel of existing permanent support means when coal-face advances.Each frame of this support frame is made up of same back timber, base and the column and the quadric chain that are connected wherein.Form one group by anti-down jack side by side by the engaging lug connection between its two, two groups of adjacent framves of front and back are connected with the passing jack by extensible canopy.Management to back during operation will depend on the existing anchor net in tunnel, capplce etc. to a certain extent, still need to construct and the preliminary treatment in tunnel at the support front end, its structure and support principle are not suitable in headwork and carry out temporary lining in the face of the exposed back of driving.
The utility model content
The purpose of this utility model provides a kind of fully-mechanized digging machine immediate support device; problems such as it has solved supporting means backwardnesss, moving difficulty that prior art exists effectively, need the shutdown operation, efficient is low; its reasonable in design; the supporting stable operation; loading and unloading and easy to maintenance; safe and reliable; the service condition that meets on-the-spot immediate support fully; satisfy underworkings supporting and fully-mechanized digging machine preferably and carried out the requirement of supporting operation; realization has just exposed top board to roadway head and has in time carried out the mechanization supporting, and the shielding fully-mechanized digging machine is realized working continuously.
The purpose of this utility model is achieved in that this device comprises by axis and is parallel to each other and base in same plane, back timber and connection back timber, the bogie side frame that hydraulic vertical prop between base and quadric chain are formed, be hinged on telescopic tie-beam and hydraulic cylinder between two bogie side frames, its technical essential is: the back timber of described bogie side frame adopts preceding back timber of being made up of slip back timber and guiding back timber or the continuous back timber of only being made up of rigid bar, the bogie side frame that has preceding back timber that is arranged in juxtaposition is hinged to fore-stock by arch beam or horizontal gird, the bogie side frame that has continuous back timber that is arranged in juxtaposition is hinged to continuous support by arch beam or horizontal gird, spaced apart along beam on described arch beam or horizontal gird, adjacent along belt guard beam or telescopic along beam is set between the beam.
The guiding back timber of back timber is hinged with the hydraulic vertical prop and the quadric chain of bogie side frame respectively before described, the slip back timber that has chute is assembled on the guiding back timber guide rail, and move back and forth along guiding back timber guide rail by the Driven by Hydraulic Cylinder slip back timber that resets, the end of hydraulic cylinder of resetting is hinged on the guiding back timber, the other end is hinged on the slip back timber, the engaging lug that setting and arch beam or horizontal gird are hinged on the slip back timber, be assembled in side guard board on the slip back timber the interior fluid injection hydraulic cylinder that axis horizontal is arranged be set, the horizontal plane of side guard board in the top surface side of the driving lower edge slip back timber of interior fluid injection hydraulic cylinder to moving back and forth.
Described being arranged on adjacently constitutes along the carrying roller of the belt guard beam between the beam by endless belt and tensioning endless belt, described carrying roller utilizes roller carrier shaft to be assembled on the interior bracing strut of tensioning supporting seat, the pedestal of described tensioning supporting seat is fixed on described along on the beam, and described bracing strut is contained in by elastomer group in the pedestal of tensioning supporting seat and along the pedestal gathering sill and vertically moves back and forth.
The described flexible suitable beam that is arranged between the adjacent suitable beam is made up of along beam and driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder thereof movable, described activity is fixed on the same gusset piece side by side along beam one end, the other end is inserted in the guide frame that is individually fixed in arch beam or horizontal gird, one end of described driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder is hinged on the gusset piece, the other end is hinged on arch beam or the horizontal gird, and the drive activity is slided along guide frame along beam.
Because the utility model adopts the preceding back timber of being made up of slip back timber and guiding back timber to constitute the bogie side frame of rock-steady structure, be hinged to fore-stock by bogie side frame arranged side by side by arch beam or horizontal gird, be arranged in driving the place ahead of fully-mechanized digging machine, spaced apart along beam on arch beam, adjacent along belt guard beam or telescopic along beam is set between the beam, its reasonable in design, so preceding back timber of fore-stock and be arranged on adjacent telescopic along between the beam along beam or belt guard beam, move forward in the mode that is slidingly matched, avoid fore-stock in moving process because of distortion that thrust caused and asynchronous, can in time carry out temporary lining to the top board above the development machine heading end, and the supporting stable operation.In addition, can utilize the telescopic tie-beam that is hinged between fore-stock and the continuous support and pass hydraulic cylinder, continue to connect continuous support, prolong supporting length the tunnel with this with very strong torsional rigidity.Therefore; itself and fully-mechanized digging machine are used; can realize the concurrent job of fully-mechanized digging machine driving and roadway support; back during driving is by the belt guard beam or the telescopic suitable beam supporting of this device; simultaneously operating personnel can carry out the permanent support of anchor pole, anchor cable or steel band etc. in the place of this device and development machine rear safety, thereby have solved problems such as the supporting means backwardness that prior art exists, moving difficulty, needs shutdown operation, efficient are low effectively.The design feature of this device makes its loading and unloading and safeguards all very convenient, use as safe as a house reliable, the service condition that meets on-the-spot immediate support fully, satisfy underworkings supporting and fully-mechanized digging machine preferably and carried out the requirement of supporting operation, realization has just exposed top board to roadway head just can in time carry out the mechanization supporting, and the shielding fully-mechanized digging machine is realized working continuously.
Description of drawings
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the utility model is further described.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of I type structure of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the lateral view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of a kind of II type structure of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is the sectional view of Fig. 1 along A~A line.
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of Fig. 2 along B~B line.
Fig. 7 is the sinciput girder construction schematic diagram in a kind of I type structure of the present utility model.
Fig. 8 is the sinciput girder construction schematic diagram in a kind of II type structure of the present utility model.
Sequence number explanation among the figure: back timber before 1,2 hydraulic vertical props, connecting rod on 3,4 front rods, 5 back links, 6 bases, 7 pass hydraulic cylinder, 8 telescopic tie-beams, 9 continuous back timbers, 10 along beam, 11 arch beams, 12 horizontal girds, 13 is telescopic along beam, 14 driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinders, 15 pass hydraulic cylinder, 16 carrying rollers, 17 endless belts, 18 hydraulic cylinders that reset, 19 slip back timbers, 20 guiding back timbers, 21 engaging lugs, fluid injection hydraulic cylinder in 22,23 side guard boards, 24 roller carrier shafts, 25 bracing struts, 26 elastic supporting seats, 27 elastic bodys, 28 junction plates, 29 guide frames.
The specific embodiment
Describe concrete structure of the present utility model in detail according to Fig. 1~8.This fully-mechanized digging machine immediate support device comprises by axis and being parallel to each other and base 6 in same plane, back timber and connect the hydraulic vertical prop 2 of 6 of back timbers, base and the bogie side frame that quadric chain is formed, be hinged on the telescopic tie-beam 8 between two bogie side frames and pass hydraulic cylinder 15,7, fore-stock, the continuous support that is hinged to by single or double bogie side frame and crossbeam and be assembled in parts such as suitable beam 10, belt guard beam and telescopic suitable beam on each support.Wherein used base 6, hydraulic vertical prop 2 and quadric chain of being made of the last connecting rod 3 that is hinged, front rod 4 and back link 5 etc. all adopt the general structure of roadway head.Extensible canopy 8 is made up of with the passing hydraulic cylinder 15 that is connected two tanks two casings of pegging graft.The base hydraulic of accent cylinder (not shown) is arranged in the base 6, in use, can adjust this device and the relative position relation that is positioned at the fully-mechanized digging machine of its operation at any time by transferring the base hydraulic cylinder.Base 6 inboards are provided with Foldable pedal and higher backplate, can avoid and fully-mechanized digging machine generation scratching on the one hand, can carry out top board and safeguard or carry out permanent support and provide convenience for the workman ascends a height on the other hand.The back timber of bogie side frame can adopt preceding back timber of being made up of slip back timber 19 and guiding back timber 20 1 or the continuous back timber of only being made up of rigid bar 9 according to actual needs.The shape of the drift section that the crossbeam of hinged fore-stock, continuous support can tunnel as required and select to use arch beam 11 (as shown in Figure 3) or horizontal gird 12 (as shown in Figure 4).The forefront of fully-mechanized digging machine tunneling direction be provided with by be arranged in juxtaposition have before the fore-stock that is hinged to by arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12 of the bogie side frame of back timber 1.According to the fuselage length or the supporting requirement of fully-mechanized digging machine, can be arranged in juxtaposition the continuous support that the bogie side frame that has continuous back timber 9 is hinged to by arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12 in succession at the rear of fore-stock, so that prolong roadway support length at any time.The top board of the heading end top for better to the development machine operation time carries out temporary lining, spaced apart along beam 10 on arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12, and adjacent along belt guard beam or telescopic along beam is set between the beam 10, when the tunnel of fore-stock front end being tunneled to adapt to fully-mechanized digging machine, when helping each the demifacet operation to its digging laneway section respectively the top board to its top carry out temporary lining.
In the concrete structure of preceding back timber 1, its guiding back timber 20 is hinged with the hydraulic vertical prop 2 and the quadric chain of bogie side frame respectively, the slip back timber 19 that has chute is assembled on the guide rail of guiding back timber 20, and moves back and forth by hydraulic cylinder 18 driving slip back timbers 19 guide rails along guiding back timbers 20 that reset.The end of hydraulic cylinder 18 of resetting is hinged on the guiding back timber 20, and the other end is hinged on the slip back timber 19.The engaging lug 21 that is hinged with arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12 is set on the slip back timber 19, this engaging lug 21 can according to its hinged arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12, be separately positioned on slip back timber 19 tops (as shown in Figure 7) or be arranged on the slip back timber 19 and reset hydraulic cylinder 18 in the same side (as shown in Figure 8).The side guard board 23 that is assembled on the slip back timber 19 is provided with the interior fluid injection hydraulic cylinder 22 that axis horizontal is arranged.The horizontal plane of side guard board 23 in the top surface side of the driving lower edge slip back timber 19 of interior fluid injection hydraulic cylinder 22 to moving back and forth.
Be arranged on and adjacently constitute along the carrying roller 16 of the belt guard beam (as shown in Figure 6) between the beam 10 by endless belt 17 and tensioning endless belt 17, belt or metal mesh belt can be adopted in endless belt 17.Carrying roller 16 utilizes roller carrier shaft 24 to be assembled on the bracing strut 25 in the tensioning supporting seat 26.The pedestal of tensioning supporting seat 26 is fixed on along on the beam 10 by bolt or bearing pin, bracing strut 25 is assembled in by elastic body 27 in the pedestal of tensioning supporting seat 26 and along the pedestal gathering sill and vertically moves back and forth, and elastic body 27 can adopt spring or other elastomeric material to make.When external force from the top was born in carrying roller 16 or endless belt 17, carrying roller 16 can move up and down automatic adjustment along elastic supporting seat 26, to keep contacting of carrying roller 16 and endless belt 17 and top board, helped the comparatively back of fragmentation of supporting.
The telescopic suitable beam that is arranged between the adjacent suitable beam 10 is made up of along beam 13 and driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder 14 thereof movable.Telescopicly to stretch out and stability when regaining along beam in order strengthening, an end of movable suitable beam 13 to be fixed on the same gusset piece 28 side by side, the other end is inserted in the guide frame 29 that is individually fixed in arch beam 11 or horizontal gird 12.One end of driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder 14 is hinged on the gusset piece 28, and the other end is hinged on arch beam 11 or the horizontal gird 12, and the drive activity is slided along guide frame 29 along beam 13.
After this device installs, adjust hydraulic vertical prop 2 in underworkings, make along beam 10 or endless belt 17 contact backs.Fully-mechanized digging machine begins the tunnel of fore-stock front end is tunneled in this device, an if half of fully-mechanized digging machine elder generation digging laneway section, telescopic activity along beam is stretched out under the effect of driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder 14 along beam 13, top board to development machine heading end top carries out temporary lining, movable suitable beam 13 can stretch out 1 meter, digs the technological process requirement of half earlier to satisfy fully-mechanized digging machine when tunneling large section roadway.After fully-mechanized digging machine is finished the driving amount of a step pitch, the an amount of column 2 that reduces first, the 14 withdrawal activities of operation driven in synchronism hydraulic cylinder are along beam 13, fluid injection hydraulic cylinder 22 in the operation, make side guard board 23 supportings in the both sides in tunnel, handle passing hydraulic cylinder 7 then two bases 6, guiding back timber 20 and therebetween hydraulic vertical prop 2, the quadric chain of fore-stock are passed a driving step pitch forward.After the passing, adjust reset hydraulic cylinder 18 and passing hydraulic cylinder 15 in the back timber 1, make the slip back timber 19 of hysteresis and connected crossbeam 11, along beam 10, telescopicly reset again along beam 13 etc., adjust the hydraulic vertical prop 2 of fore-stock then, again support fore-stock, continue driving and move ahead till passing hydraulic cylinder 7 strokes are used up.Adjust the hydraulic vertical prop 2 of continuous support again, make it break away from back a little along beam 10 after, handle pass hydraulic cylinder 7 and pass hydraulic cylinder 15 will continue support forward one of displacement pass hydraulic cylinder travel, pass hydraulic cylinder 7 this moment and pass hydraulic cylinder 15 and all regain.Adjust the hydraulic vertical prop 2 of continuous support, supported top board again, finish the circulation of a supporting operation.If the rear of continuous support still is connected with the continuous support that continues, finish in like manner that then continuous the drawing of support in back moved past journey.Meanwhile, operating personnel just can carry out the permanent support operation of anchor pole, anchor cable or steel band etc. safely, easily to the top board in tunnel at the rear of fully-mechanized digging machine and this device.