CN113482678B - Flexible roof-connecting temporary support device and use method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible roof-connected temporary support device and a use method thereof, the device comprises a telescopic arm fixed on a heading machine, an auxiliary arm is hinged on the telescopic arm, an auxiliary arm control cylinder is hinged between the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm, one end of the auxiliary arm far away from the telescopic arm is connected with a support system, the support system comprises a support system and a top beam system, the support system comprises a support cylinder rotationally connected with the end part of the auxiliary arm, the upper end and the lower end of the support cylinder are respectively provided with an upper telescopic joint and a lower telescopic joint, the top of the upper telescopic joint is fixedly provided with a support disc, and the support disc is provided with a support system for controlling the expansion and the combination of the top beam; the top beam is also provided with an air bag protection system and a lifting system for maintaining the expansion amplitude of the top beam, so that the top beam has good flexibility, high angle adjustability and strong adaptability to a top plate, and can realize coordination between roadway tunneling and permanent support.

Description

A flexible roof temporary support device and its use method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of flexible roof-joining temporary support devices and methods of use thereof, and in particular to a flexible roof-joint temporary support device and methods of use thereof.

Background technique

In the coal mine production process, the excavation of new tunnels is unavoidable. Among them, the excavation and support technology is directly related to the safe and efficient production of the mine. The exposed part of the surrounding rock in front of the permanent support, that is, the part of the newly dug tunnel that cannot be permanently supported is the empty roof area. The ability to operate safely within this range has always been an important factor that plagues the safety production of coal mines. This range directly affects the tunneling and Whether the support can be connected quickly is related to the safety and stability of the tunnel.

For the support of the roof in the hollow roof area of tunnel excavation, the main support forms at this stage include: airborne temporary support devices, temporary support for forward beams, and self-moving temporary support devices. Among them, the airborne temporary support device can be combined with the tunnel boring machine, but it lacks certain flexibility, and its structure can easily affect the cutting of the surrounding rock by the boring head; the temporary support process of the forward beam is complicated, which can easily increase the labor intensity of workers; The mobile temporary support device team needs to be equipped with specially controlled labor personnel, which will increase the production cost of the mine. The above-mentioned form of temporary support has poor connection performance of the rigid roof beam, poor angle adjustability, and poor adaptability to the roof. Support often takes a long time, has complex processes and low efficiency, and cannot achieve coordination between tunnel excavation and permanent support.

Moreover, the current temporary support for straight wall semi-circular arch tunnel excavation is limited to steel arch frames and single pillars, which cannot be connected to the top well, and the operation is complicated and cumbersome.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a flexible roof temporary support device and its use method, which has good flexibility, high angle adjustability, strong adaptability to the roof, and can realize tunnel excavation and permanent support. Coordination between supports.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a flexible roof temporary support device, which includes a telescopic arm fixed on a tunnel boring machine. A auxiliary arm is hinged on the telescopic arm, and a auxiliary arm control cylinder is hinged between the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm. The auxiliary arm is away from the One end of the telescopic arm is connected to a support system. The support system includes a support system and a top beam system. The support system includes a support cylinder that is rotationally connected to the end of the jib. The jib is also provided with a control support cylinder. Rotating transmission system, the upper and lower ends of the support cylinder are respectively provided with an upper telescopic section and a lower telescopic section, a support plate is fixed on the top of the upper telescopic section, and the support plate is provided with an extension to control the expansion and merging of the top beam. cylinder; the top beam is also equipped with an air bag protection system and a lifting system for maintaining the expanded state of the top beam. The telescopic arm, jib control cylinder, support cylinder, extension cylinder and lifting system are respectively connected with the hydraulic station on the tunnel boring machine. connect.

Preferably, the transmission system includes a driver fixed on the jib and annular teeth nested and fixed on the outer wall of the support cylinder. The output shaft of the driver and the annular teeth are connected through a belt drive, and the driver and the annular teeth are connected by a belt. The power supply on the tunnel boring machine is electrically connected.

Preferably, the lifting system includes a number of motors evenly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft. The output end of the motor is provided with a winch. A steel cable is wound on the winch. The two ends of the steel cable are connected to the end of the two support plates away from the rotating shaft. Fixed, the motor is electrically connected to the power supply on the tunnel boring machine.

Preferably, the air bag protection system includes a plurality of air bags fixedly arranged on the support plate, and the air bags are respectively connected to the air pump on the tunnel boring machine through air pipes.

Preferably, the maximum support height of the airbag is centimeters and the maximum support strength is 25MPa.

Preferably, the top of the rotation shaft and the upper surface of the support plate are both equipped with distance meters.

Preferably, two coplanar and symmetrically arranged extension cylinders are hinged on the support plate, and a top beam is provided above the support plate. The top beam includes a rotation axis, and two support plates are hinged on the rotation axis. , the telescopic ends of the two extension cylinders are respectively hinged with the lower end surfaces of the two support plates,

The invention also provides a method for using a flexible roof temporary support device, which specifically includes the following steps:

S1. Control the telescopic arm to extend outward, adjust the jib angle through the jib control cylinder, and control the rotation of the support cylinder through the transmission system. The support cylinder is located in the space between the tunnel boring machine body and the bucket;

S2. Control the lower expansion joint of the support cylinder to extend until it touches the bottom, but do not continue to extend the compaction bottom plate;

S3. Control the upper telescopic section of the support cylinder to extend, and stop when the rangefinder on the rotating axis shows that the distance between the rotating axis and the top plate is 10cm;

S4. Control the extension cylinders on both sides to rise, and unfold the two support plates of the top beam until both ends of the top beam are connected to the top. At the same time, control the rotation of the winch to lengthen the steel cable to prevent the tension of the steel cable from affecting the expansion process of the top beam;

S5. Use the motor to control the rotation of the winch and tension the steel cable;

S6. Inflate the air bag at the same time to connect the air bag to the top. The pressure inside the air bag is 5MPa, which provides downward pressure for the lower expansion joint of the support cylinder to compact the bottom plate;

S7. Control the lower expansion joint of the support cylinder to extend again, so that the lower expansion joint of the support cylinder compacts the bottom plate;

S8. Inflate the air bag again so that the air bag obtains sufficient pressure for support.

Preferably, in step S4, a distance meter is used to monitor the distance between the support plate and the top plate. When the distance meter shows that the distance is less than 20cm, the top beam expansion work is completed; if the displayed distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders on both sides are retracted and the support cylinders are The upper telescopic section continues to extend upward, monitoring the distance between the rotating axis and the top plate at all times. It stops rising every time it rises a certain distance. Then unfold the support plates on both sides again to measure the distance between the support plate and the top plate. Repeat the above action until the distance between the support plate and the top plate is less than 20cm. .

Preferably, in step S8, the working pressure inside the air bag is not less than 20 MPa.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1) This device can move and provide temporary support with the help of tunnel boring machine power, which greatly reduces the labor intensity of workers;

2) The expansion of the roof beam of this device has good adaptability to various types of tunnels. For straight-walled semi-circular arch tunnels that are not easy to connect to the roof, when the roof beam is opened to a reasonable position, the air bag will be filled with air to achieve good results. The top connection;

3) The device is easy to operate. The tunnel boring machine driver can operate the device for temporary support after the excavation operation to ensure the safety of the temporary support area.

4) This device does not require professional personnel, and has low post-maintenance costs and small personnel investment, which reduces the investment cost of the mine to a certain extent.

Description of the drawings

In order to explain the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the position of a flexible roof temporary support device installed on a tunnel boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible roof temporary support device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Explanation of reference symbols:

1. Telescopic arm; 2. Jib; 3. Support cylinder; 3-1, lower telescopic joint; 3-2, upper telescopic joint; 3-3, extension cylinder; 3-4, support plate; 4-top beam; 4-1. Support plate; 4-2. Steel cable; 5. Air bag; 51. Air pipe; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Driver; 8. Belt; 9. Jib control cylinder.

Implementation

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 2, a flexible roof temporary support device includes a telescopic arm 1 fixed on a tunnel boring machine. A auxiliary arm 2 is hinged on the telescopic arm 1, and the auxiliary arm 2 and the telescopic arm 1 are hingedly connected. There is a jib control cylinder 9. The end of the jib 2 away from the telescopic arm 1 is connected to a support system. The support system includes a support system and a top beam system. The support system includes a rotary connection with the end of the jib 2. The support cylinder 3, the auxiliary arm 2 is also provided with a transmission system for controlling the rotation of the support cylinder 3;

The upper and lower ends of the support cylinder 3 are respectively provided with an upper telescopic section 3-2 and a lower telescopic section 3-1. A support plate 3-4 is fixed on the top of the upper telescopic section 3-2. The support plate 3-4 There are two coplanar and symmetrically arranged extension cylinders 3-3 hinged on the support plate 3-4. A top beam 4 is provided above the support plate 3-4. The top beam 4 includes a rotation shaft 6. Two extension cylinders 3-3 are hinged on the rotation shaft 6. A support plate 4-1, the telescopic ends of the two extension cylinders 3-3 are respectively hinged with the lower end surfaces of the two support plates 4-1;

The top beam 4 is also provided with an air bag protection system and a lifting system for maintaining the rotation range of the two support plates 4-1. The telescopic arm 1, jib control cylinder 9, support cylinder 3, and extension cylinder 3-3 And the lifting system is oil-connected to the hydraulic station on the tunnel boring machine respectively.

The transmission system includes a driver 7 fixed on the jib 2 and annular teeth nested and fixed on the outer wall of the support cylinder 3. The output shaft of the driver 7 and the annular teeth are connected through a belt 8.

The lifting system includes a number of motors evenly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 6. The output end of the motor is provided with a winch. A steel cable 4-2 is wound around the winch. The two ends of the steel cable 4-2 are respectively connected to the two support plates 4. -1 The end away from the rotating shaft 6 is fixed, and the motor is electrically connected to the power supply on the tunnel boring machine.

The airbag protection system includes a plurality of airbags 5 fixedly arranged on the support plate 4-1. The airbags 5 are respectively connected to the air pump on the tunnel boring machine through an air pipe 51.

The top of the rotating shaft 6 and the upper end surface of the support plate 4-1 are both equipped with distance meters.

The maximum support height of the airbag 5 is 30 cm, and the maximum support strength is 25MPa.

This embodiment also provides a method of using a flexible roof temporary support device, which specifically includes the following steps:

S1. Control the telescopic arm 1 to extend outward, adjust the angle of the jib 2 through the jib control cylinder 9, and control the rotation of the support cylinder 3 through the transmission system. The support cylinder 3 is located in the space between the tunnel boring machine body and the bucket;

S2. Control the lower expansion joint 3-1 of the support cylinder 3 to extend until it touches the bottom, but do not continue to extend to compact the bottom plate;

S3. Control the upper telescopic section 3-2 of the support cylinder 3 to extend, and stop when the rangefinder on the rotating shaft 6 shows that the distance between the rotating shaft 6 and the top plate is 10cm;

S4. Control the extension cylinders 3-3 on both sides to rise, and the two support plates 4-1 of the top beam 4 to unfold until both ends of the top beam 4 are connected to the top. At the same time, control the rotation of the winch to extend the steel cable 4-2 to avoid steel cables 4-2. The tension of cable 4-2 affects the expansion process of top beam 4;

Monitor the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate through a rangefinder. When the rangefinder displays are less than 20cm, the expansion of the top beam 4 is completed; if the displayed distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders 3-3 on both sides are retracted and the support cylinders 3 The upper telescopic section 3-2 continues to extend upward, constantly monitoring the distance between the rotating shaft 6 and the top plate, and stops rising every time it rises a certain distance, unfold the support plates 4-1 on both sides again, measure the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate, and repeat The above actions are performed until the distance between the support plate 4-1 and the top plate is less than 20cm; the tension of the steel cable 4-2 is not less than 10kN;

S5. Use the motor to control the rotation of the winch and tension the steel cable 4-2;

S6. Inflate the air bag 5 at the same time to connect the air bag 5 to the top. The pressure inside the air bag 5 is 5MPa, which provides downward pressure for the lower expansion joint 3-1 of the support cylinder 3 to compact the bottom plate;

S7, control the lower expansion joint 3-1 of the support cylinder 3 to extend again, so that the lower expansion joint 3-1 of the support cylinder 3 compacts the bottom plate;

S8. Inflate the air bag 5 again so that the air bag 5 obtains sufficient pressure for support; the working pressure in the air bag 5 is not less than 20Mpa.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. In this way, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalent technologies, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (5)

1. The use method of the flexible roof-connection temporary support device comprises a telescopic arm (1) fixed on a tunneling machine, wherein an auxiliary arm (2) is hinged on the telescopic arm (1), an auxiliary arm control cylinder (9) is hinged between the auxiliary arm (2) and the telescopic arm (1), one end, far away from the telescopic arm (1), of the auxiliary arm (2) is connected with a support system, the support system comprises a support system and a top beam system, the support system comprises a support cylinder (3) rotationally connected with the end part of the auxiliary arm (2), a transmission system for controlling the support cylinder (3) to rotate is further arranged on the auxiliary arm (2), an upper telescopic joint (3-2) and a lower telescopic joint (3-1) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the support cylinder (3), a support disc (3-4) is fixed at the top of the upper telescopic joint (3-2), and an expansion cylinder (3-3) for controlling the expansion and combination of the top beam (4) is arranged on the support disc (3-4); the top beam (4) is also provided with an air bag protection system and a lifting system for maintaining the expanding state of the top beam (4), and the telescopic arm (1), the auxiliary arm control cylinder (9), the supporting cylinder (3), the stretching cylinder (3-3) and the lifting system are respectively connected with a hydraulic station oil on the heading machine;

the hoisting system comprises a plurality of motors uniformly distributed at the bottom of the rotating shaft (6), a winch is arranged at the output end of the motor, a steel cable (4-2) is wound on the winch, two ends of the steel cable (4-2) are respectively fixed with one ends, far away from the rotating shaft (6), of the two supporting plates (4-1), and the motors are electrically connected with a power supply on the heading machine;

the air bag protection system comprises a plurality of air bags (5) fixedly arranged on a supporting plate (4-1), and the air bags (5) are respectively communicated with an air pump on a heading machine through air pipes (51);

the tops of the rotating shafts (6) and the upper end surfaces of the supporting plates (4-1) are respectively provided with a range finder;

two coplanar and symmetrically arranged extension cylinders (3-3) are hinged on the support disc (3-4), a top beam (4) is arranged above the support disc (3-4), the top beam (4) comprises a rotating shaft (6), two support plates (4-1) are hinged on the rotating shaft (6), and the telescopic ends of the two extension cylinders (3-3) are hinged with the lower end surfaces of the two support plates (4-1) respectively; the use method of the flexible roof-connected temporary support device is characterized by specifically comprising the following steps of:

s1, controlling the telescopic boom (1) to extend outwards, adjusting the angle of the auxiliary boom (2) through an auxiliary boom control cylinder (9), controlling the supporting cylinder (3) to rotate through a transmission system, and arranging the supporting cylinder (3) in a gap between the body of the heading machine and the bucket;

s2, controlling the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend out until the lower telescopic joint touches the bottom, but not continuously extending out of the compacting bottom plate;

s3, controlling the upper telescopic joint (3-2) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend out, and stopping the action when the distance meter on the rotating shaft (6) displays that the distance between the rotating shaft (6) and the top plate is 10 cm;

s4, controlling extension cylinders (3-3) at two sides to rise, and expanding two support plates (4-1) of the top beam (4) until two ends of the top beam (4) are connected with the top, and simultaneously controlling a winch to rotate to lengthen the steel cable (4-2) so as to prevent the steel cable (4-2) from being pulled to influence the expanding process of the top beam (4);

s5, controlling the winch to rotate through a motor, and tensioning the steel cable (4-2);

s6, simultaneously inflating the air bag (5) to enable the air bag (5) to be propped up, wherein the pressure in the air bag (5) is 5MPa, and providing lower pressure for compacting the bottom plate of the lower expansion joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3);

s7, controlling the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) to extend again, so that the lower telescopic joint (3-1) of the supporting cylinder (3) compacts the bottom plate;

and S8, inflating the air bag (5) again to enable the air bag (5) to obtain enough pressure for supporting.

2. The use method of the flexible roof-engaging temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein the transmission system comprises a driving machine (7) fixed on the auxiliary arm (2) and annular teeth nested and fixed on the outer wall of the supporting cylinder (3), an output shaft of the driving machine (7) is in transmission connection with the annular teeth through a belt (8), and the driving machine (7) is electrically connected with a power supply on a heading machine.

3. A method of using a flexible roof temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum support height of the air bag (5) is 30 cm and the maximum support strength is 25MPa.

4. The method of using a flexible roof-engaging temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the distance between the support plate (4-1) and the top plate is monitored by a distance meter, and when the distance meter displays that the distance is less than 20cm, the top beam (4) is unfolded; if the display distance exceeds 20cm, the extension cylinders (3-3) on the two sides are retracted, the upper telescopic joints (3-2) of the support cylinders (3) continue to extend upwards, the distance between the rotating shaft (6) and the top plate is monitored at any time, the lifting is stopped when the support shafts (6) and the top plate ascend for a certain distance, the support plates (4-1) on the two sides are unfolded again to measure the distance between the support plates (4-1) and the top plate, and the actions are repeated until the distance between the support plates (4-1) and the top plate is smaller than 20cm.

5. The method of using a flexible roof-engaging temporary support device according to claim 1, wherein in step S8, the working pressure in the bladder (5) is not less than 20Mpa.