CN201159710Y - Extensometer for soft rock three-axis creep test transverse strain measurement - Google Patents
Extensometer for soft rock three-axis creep test transverse strain measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN201159710Y CN201159710Y CNU2008200620199U CN200820062019U CN201159710Y CN 201159710 Y CN201159710 Y CN 201159710Y CN U2008200620199 U CNU2008200620199 U CN U2008200620199U CN 200820062019 U CN200820062019 U CN 200820062019U CN 201159710 Y CN201159710 Y CN 201159710Y
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- arm
- extensometer
- extending
- slip ring
- hinged
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Abstract
Disclosed is a transverse strain gauging extensometer for the weak rock tri-axial creep test, comprising a slip ring, supports, two extension arms, two sensing elements and two springs; a slip ring is arranged in the extensometer; the inner diameter of the slip ring is more than the outer diameter of the upper pressure head and the lower pressure head after the maximum deformation; two pairs of supports are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer ring surface of the slip ring; two extension arms are arranged in the extensometer; ends of the two extension arms are respectively hinged with a pair of supports; the other ends of the tow extension arms are provided with contacts and spring hooks; ends of the two sensing elements are respectively fixed on the two supports; the other ends are fixed on the hinged end parts of the extension arms hinged with the supports; both ends of each spring are respectively connected with the spring hooks mounted on the two extension arms; the hinged ends of the two supports and the two extension arms are provided with extension arm positioning holes with positioning pins.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the transverse strain measuring instrument of test specimen, particularly a kind of instrument that is used for soft rock test specimen transverse strain measuring.
Background technology
Soft rock is the bigger rock of a kind of distortion, owing to also do not have to measure the strainometer and the extensometer of 20% above strain so far, therefore, in normal confined pressure triaxial test, measurement for the horizontal large deformation of soft rock, the following two kinds of methods of general employing: (1) indirect measurement method by measuring the volume change (being the discharge rate of the indoor fluid of gaging pressure) and the axial deflection of rock sample, calculates the transversely deforming amount of soft rock.The final transversely deforming of measuring sample after (2) test is finished.The problem that above-mentioned these two kinds of methods exist is: what the former measured is the average transverse distortion of soft rock, and the transverse strain that measures with ordinary test has certain difference; The latter then can not measure the transverse strain of each stage sample in the process of the test.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of extensometer of soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring is provided, with the transverse strain of each stage soft rock sample in the experiment with measuring process exactly.
Extensometer described in the utility model comprises slip ring, support, the arm of extending, sensitive element and spring; Slip ring is one, the external diameter of its internal diameter after (the maximum radial distortion of going up push-down head is calculated according to the peak load of its elastic constant and testing machine or actual measurement is determined) greater than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion, with guarantee slip ring in measuring process along axially being free to slide of seaming chuck and/or push-down head, its axial height and wall thickness do not have strict demand; Support is two pairs, and symmetry is installed in the outer ring surface both sides of slip ring and is connected with slip ring; The arm of extending is two, two extend ends of arm are hinged with one pair of support respectively, two other ends of extending arm all are equipped with contact and spring carrier arm, (take all factors into consideration according to the position of sample dimensions, linear deformation scope, measurement section by the length of the arm of extending perpendicular to the arm installation of extending for described contact, can design the arm of extending of different length, to satisfy the needs of measuring); Sensitive element is two, and an end of two sensitive elements is separately fixed on the two stands, and the other end of two sensitive elements is fixed on the hinged end end with the hinged arm of extending of described support; Spring is two, the two ends of two springs respectively be installed in two spring carrier arms on the arm of extending and be connected; On the two stands and two hinged ends of extending arm be provided with and extend the arm pilot hole and be equipped with register pin.
Experiment shows that the preferred version of slip ring internal diameter is: the external diameter big 0.1mm～1mm of slip ring internal diameter after than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion.
Sensitive element in the above-mentioned extensometer is made of elastic body and the resistance strain gage that is attached on the elastic body, and during assembling, elastomeric two ends are connected with the hinged end end of support with the arm of extending respectively.Described elastic body is arc body or flat body.
The arm of extending in the above-mentioned extensometer is rectangular rod body or circular rod-shaped body.
The using method of extensometer described in the utility model:
(1) the soft rock test specimen is placed between the seaming chuck of testing machine and the push-down head and overlap upper sleeve gasket;
(2) slip ring sleeve with extensometer is contained in seaming chuck or/and on the push-down head;
(3) extract register pin on the extensometer, make the arm of extending of extensometer be in rotatable state;
(4) two contacts of extending the arm end are adjusted to the section part to be measured of soft rock test specimen, the resilient ring that two springs are formed is enclosed within on the soft rock test specimen;
(5) service test machine, seaming chuck and push-down head are exerted pressure to the soft rock test specimen, soft rock test specimen axial compression, lateral expansion causes the arm of extending around rotating with the hinged place of support, causes the elastic body distortion of sensitive element and causes that the resistance strain gage resistance of sensitive element changes, adopt the resistance strain measurement method (to see " rock mass test and detection " the 3rd chapter then, Cheng Jiulong etc. write, Earthquake Press, 2000) obtain the transverse strain value of soft rock test specimen.
The utlity model has following beneficial effect:
1, to measure range big for extensometer described in the utility model, the measurement of transverse strain when having guaranteed soft rock generation large deformation, and the transverse strain of each stage soft rock sample in the experiment with measuring process exactly.
2, use the different extensometer of a plurality of arm lengths of extending, can measure the transverse strain of a plurality of sections on the test specimen simultaneously.
3, extensometer described in the utility model is simple in structure, is easy to make, and has filled up the blank that the soft rock large deformation three axis creep test transverse strain electronics is measured automatically.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of extensometer described in the utility model;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B-B cut-open view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is another structural representation of extensometer described in the utility model;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of sensitive element;
Fig. 6 is the vertical view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is another structural representation of sensitive element;
Fig. 8 is the vertical view of Fig. 7;
When Fig. 9 is the soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring, the mounting means figure of test specimen and extensometer.
Among the figure, 1-slip ring, 2-support, 3-extend arm, 4-contact, 5-spring carrier arm, 6-sensitive element, 7-register pin, 8-hinge, 9-spring, 10-extend arm pilot hole, 11-elastic body, 12-resistance strain gage, 13-seaming chuck, 14-extensometer I, 15-soft rock test specimen, 16-extensometer II, 17-extensometer III, 18-push-down head.
Embodiment
In the present embodiment, the structure of extensometer such as Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3 comprise slip ring 1, support 2, the arm 3 of extending, contact 4, spring carrier arm 5, sensitive element 6, register pin 7, hinge 8 and spring 9.Slip ring 1 is one, the external diameter big 1mm of its internal diameter after than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion (calculates according to the elastic constant of last push-down head and the peak load of testing machine, the radially maximum distortion of last push-down head is 0.5mm), axial height 10mm, wall thickness 2mm, manufacturing materials is aluminium alloy or titanium alloy; Support 2 is two pairs, and structure is box-section tubular structure, and manufacturing materials is aluminium alloy or titanium alloy, hinge 8 is installed on it and is provided with the arm pilot hole 10 of extending, and the two stands 180 ° of symmetries of being separated by are installed in the outer ring surface both sides of slip ring 1 and are connected with slip ring; The arm 3 of extending is two, be shaped as the rectangular rod body, manufacturing materials is aluminium alloy or titanium alloy, two extend arm an end respectively with the hinge 8 hinged (promptly the hinge of extend arm and one pair of support is hinged) of one pair of support, two other ends of extending arm all are equipped with contact 4 and spring carrier arm 5, described contact 4 is installed perpendicular to the arm of extending, and two hinged ends of extending arm are provided with the pilot hole of and coupling corresponding with the pilot hole 10 on the support 2; Spring 9 is two, the two ends of two springs respectively be installed in two spring carrier arms 5 on the arm of extending and be connected, form resilient ring, as shown in Figure 3; Sensitive element 6 is made of elastic body 11 and the resistance strain gage 12 that is attached on the elastic body, and elastic body 11 is the arc plates, respectively pastes a resistance strain gage on two cambered surfaces of described arc plates, as Fig. 5, shown in Figure 6; Sensitive element 6 is two, one of the arm configuration of extending, and during installation, an end of elastic body 11 is fixed on the madial wall of support 2, and the other end of elastic body 11 is fixed on the hinged end end sides with the hinged arm 3 of extending of described support, as shown in Figure 1; Register pin 7 is two, article one, one of the arm of extending configuration, when extensometer is in off working state, two register pins 7 are inserted two respectively extend in the pilot hole of arm and two stands, the arm of extending is fixed, do not rotate, when extensometer is in running order, take out two register pins, the arm of extending is rotated under the effect of sample, cause elastic body 11 distortion.
In the present embodiment, designed the different series of the length arm of extending as required.
In the present embodiment, the structure of extensometer as shown in Figure 4, difference from Example 1 is: external diameter big 0.5mm, the axial height 5mm of the internal diameter of (1) slip ring 1 after than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion; Article (2) two, that extends arm 3 is shaped as the circular rod-shaped body; (3) elastic body 11 of formation sensitive element 6 is straight plates, as Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, during installation, an end of elastic body 11 is fixed on the bottom backing plate of support 2, the other end of elastic body 11 is fixed on the hinged end end with the hinged arm 3 of extending of described support, as shown in Figure 4.
In the present embodiment, use the different extensometer of the three cover embodiment 1 described arm lengths of extending to measure the transverse strain of three sections of soft rock simultaneously, mounting means as shown in Figure 9; Before official test, with strainmeter and standard displacement meter extensometer is demarcated, draw the relation of strain and displacement.
Test operating procedure is as follows:
(1) soft rock test specimen 15 is placed between the seaming chuck 13 of testing machine and the push-down head 18 and overlap upper sleeve gasket;
(2) slip ring 1 with each cover extensometer is sleeved on seaming chuck 13 or the push-down head 18;
(3) extract the register pin 7 that respectively overlaps on the extensometer, make the arm 3 of extending that respectively overlaps extensometer be in rotatable state;
(4) two contacts 4 of extending the arm end with each cover extensometer are adjusted to the section part to be measured of soft rock test specimen 15, and the resilient ring that two springs 9 are formed is enclosed within on the soft rock test specimen;
(5) service test machine, seaming chuck 13 and 18 pairs of soft rock test specimens 15 of push-down head are exerted pressure, soft rock test specimen 15 axial compression, lateral expansion, cause the arm 3 of extending that respectively overlaps extensometer to rotate around hinge 8, cause elastic body 11 distortion of sensitive element and cause that the resistance of the resistance strain gage 12 of sensitive element changes, adopt the resistance strain measurement method to obtain the transverse strain value of three sections of soft rock test specimen 15 then.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of extensometer of soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring is characterized in that described extensometer comprises slip ring (1), support (2), the arm of extending (3), sensitive element (6) and spring (9);
Slip ring (1) is one, the external diameter of slip ring internal diameter after greater than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion; Support (2) is two pairs, and symmetry is installed in the outer ring surface both sides of slip ring (1) and is connected with slip ring; The arm (3) of extending is two, and two extend ends of arm are hinged with one pair of support respectively, and two other ends of extending arm all are equipped with contact (4) and spring carrier arm (5), and described contact (4) is installed perpendicular to the arm of extending; Sensitive element (6) is two, and an end of two sensitive elements is separately fixed on the two stands (2), and the other end of two sensitive elements is fixed on the hinged end end with the hinged arm of extending (3) of described support (2); Spring (9) is two, the two ends of two springs respectively be installed in two spring carrier arms (5) on the arm of extending and be connected; Two stands (2) upward is provided with two hinged ends of extending arm (3) and extends arm pilot hole (10) and be equipped with register pin (7).
2, the extensometer of soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring according to claim 1 is characterized in that the big 0.1mm～1mm of external diameter after slip ring (1) internal diameter is than seaming chuck and push-down head maximum distortion.
3, the extensometer of soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that sensitive element (6) is made of elastic body (11) and the resistance strain gage (12) that is attached on the elastic body, the two ends of elastic body (11) are connected with the hinged end end of support (2) and the arm of extending (3) respectively.
4, the extensometer of soft rock three axis creep test transverse strain measuring according to claim 3 is characterized in that elastic body (11) is arcuation body or flat body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200620199U CN201159710Y (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2008-01-28 | Extensometer for soft rock three-axis creep test transverse strain measurement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200620199U CN201159710Y (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2008-01-28 | Extensometer for soft rock three-axis creep test transverse strain measurement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN201159710Y true CN201159710Y (en) | 2008-12-03 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNU2008200620199U Expired - Lifetime CN201159710Y (en) | 2008-01-28 | 2008-01-28 | Extensometer for soft rock three-axis creep test transverse strain measurement |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221162B (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2011-08-31 | 四川大学 | Soft rock large deformation three axis creep test transverse strain measuring extensometer and method |
| CN102313505A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 河南工业大学 | Rock strain direction measuring device |
| CN105891038A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-08-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process |
-
2008
- 2008-01-28 CN CNU2008200620199U patent/CN201159710Y/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101221162B (en) * | 2008-01-28 | 2011-08-31 | 四川大学 | Soft rock large deformation three axis creep test transverse strain measuring extensometer and method |
| CN102313505A (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-01-11 | 河南工业大学 | Rock strain direction measuring device |
| CN102313505B (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2013-05-15 | 河南工业大学 | Rock strain direction measuring device |
| CN105891038A (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2016-08-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20081203 Effective date of abandoning: 20080128 |