CN105891038A - Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process - Google Patents
Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process Download PDFInfo
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- CN105891038A CN105891038A CN201510016878.9A CN201510016878A CN105891038A CN 105891038 A CN105891038 A CN 105891038A CN 201510016878 A CN201510016878 A CN 201510016878A CN 105891038 A CN105891038 A CN 105891038A
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Abstract
Provided are a triaxial loading calibrator for an industrial CT and a calibration process. The invention relates to the industrial CT testing field, in particular to the microfocus industrial CT triaxial loading testing field. The made miniature triaxial loading calibrator can conduct numerical calibration on pressure of a miniature triaxial cavity directly; according to the calibration process, calibration can be conducted on a single axis, double axes and three axes respectively, and a relation of the pressure of a triaxial hydraulic cylinder and a reference load is obtained. In experimental tests, by means of a method of controlling the working pressure of the hydraulic cylinder, a loading force value of a tested sample can be obtained, the influences of the friction force between an oil cylinder and a working piston and the linear pressure loss from a hydraulic pump source to the tested sample are eliminated, and the problems of size and control of the actually applied load value in the sample testing process are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industry CT field tests, particularly relate to Microfocus X-ray three axle and load the field tests of industry CT.
Background technology
The operation principle of industry CT, it is simply that utilize computed tomography, observes internal structure and the group of detected sample
Knitting state, it is made up of four major parts, it may be assumed that radiographic source, is used for launching X-ray, it is provided that penetrate the power of test sample；
Receive unit, be used for receiving radiographic source and emit the X-ray quantity after sample；Sample workbench, is placed in X-ray
Between source and reception unit, test sample is placed on sample stage, when being operated, radiographic source and reception cell position
Motionless, and sample workbench to rotate, so different due to test sample interior tissue and structure, rotary sample is different
The quantity that position can cause ray to pass sample changes, and can be got off by these process records by receiving unit；Computer
Processing unit, by receiving the number change of the X-ray that unit receives, according to the model algorithm established, describes to tell
The structure change of sample interior.
The sample scanned for industry CT, can be divided into static scanning and dynamic scan, and static scanning is exactly detected sample
Product, not by any External Force Acting, are directly placed on sample workbench and are rotated, obtain its internal structure；Dynamic scan is exactly will
After sample is placed in stress, then place the upper rotation of sample work, obtain the sample interior structure after stress.A lot of actual
In operating mode, especially for coal and rock type sample, it is often necessary to obtain it under by triaxial state of stress, sample interior tie
The change of structure, this just requires that whole system must have enough resolution capabilities, for realizing this purpose, after needing stress
Sample, charger and whole system are optimized process.Affecting tested stress sample test resolving power is and sample
And the overall dimensions size of charger, radiogenic voltage and focal spot size, receive and the precision of data processing unit has very
Important Relations, and radiogenic focal spot size impact maximum, therefore the radiographic source of Microfocus X-ray size is optimum selection, according to existing
Technical conditions, as the radiographic source of Microfocus X-ray, its running voltage can not be made the highest, thus limits detected sample
The overall dimensions of product and charger can not do greatly, the smaller the better.But it is in Practical Project, tested as rock, coal etc.
Sample, be by the External Force Acting from three different directions, and vertical direction, by the pressure effect of upper strata object, level
Direction is by the extruding force from two different directions, and the stress size in three directions differs, if not applying external force,
It is difficult to model engineering practical situation, simultaneously takes account of coal and rock is not the most homogeneous material, the therefore overall dimensions of sample
Can not be made the least, under conditions of satisfied test, the overall dimensions of sample is usually the cube of 25mm, the most more
Limit the overall dimensions of three axle chargers.
In order to meet the three axle independent loads to sample, hydraulic loaded selected by charger, but due to hydraulic loading device
Overall dimensions little, cause its operating cylinder and cylinder barrel small-sized, the most how to measure sample actual loading size
It is particularly important.Under normal circumstances, the factor of sample real load is affected essentially from two aspects, first hydraulic pressure
Sealing technology changes, and for guaranteeing that sealing member is oil-proof, can increase the frictional force between operating cylinder and cylinder barrel；Secondly, hydraulic pressure
The hydraulic line of cylinder interior becomes the most tiny, and hydraulic oil is by pumping source to sample, and resistance becomes big, causes extraneous pumping source
The real load of pressure and sample, due to existence lose along stroke pressure, apply the pressure of sample and from hydraulic pump
The pressure in source occurs in that bigger decay, and both of which can cause hydraulic pump source pressure to produce the biggest with sample actual pressure
Difference.
For these reasons, sample to be realized is under Three-phase stress state, and Accurate Determining goes out the configuration state of sample interior,
The load precision that all directions apply is particularly important, according to traditional assay method, by three pump outlet pressures directly as
The pressure of sample, due to also exist in hydraulic pressure transmitting procedure along stroke pressure loss and hydraulic piston and cylinder barrel
Between frictional force, cause the real load pressure of sample to there will be the biggest error.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, the accuracy of three direction imposed loads of sample to be realized, it is necessary for making three axle load marks
Determine device, periodically the hydraulic pressure of three axle chargers is demarcated and force value is checked.
Small-sized due to calibration device, is difficulty with according to existing single shaft calibration device structure and manufacture method.To this end, I
Invented a kind of three axle load calibration devices for industry CT and demarcate technological process, the overall dimensions of this calibration device is little, energy
Enough meet the requirement of triaxial tests cavity, it is ensured that industry CT load accuracy in three axles load.
The present invention is achieved in that
First, we use cube as elastomer, and when single shaft, twin shaft or three axle stress, the deformation of elastomer is with outer
Adding load and have linear relationship, elastomer uses foil gauge to measure in the deformation of all directions, in order to prevent foil gauge flat
Pressurized when face loads, the method that we use is: process blind hole in three faces of cube, will by strain gage adhesive in blind hole
Foil gauge is fixed, and when elastomer deforms, foil gauge deforms therewith, and six faces of elastomer are connected by six auxiliary block
Connecing, the most both can ensure that elastomer is positioned at the center of calibration device, the external wire of foil gauge can be drawn again simultaneously.Make
Used time, utilize reference load that calibration device is demarcated in advance, obtain the relation of reference load and foil gauge output, therewith will
Calibration device is placed in three axocoel bodies, equally obtains the pressure in hydraulic cylinder and the relation of foil gauge output, thus may be used
To obtain fluid pressure and the relation of reference load in hydraulic cylinder, this relation is transplanted in load control program, so I
Just can determine the real load of sample by controlling the pressure of liquid, eliminate hydraulic cylinder and working piston
Between frictional force and hydraulic oil pipe along stroke pressure loss impact.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the present invention dynamometry elastomer for three axle load calibration devices of industry CT.
(7) it is dynamometry elastomer, is a cube, when cube is by single shaft, twin shaft or three axle load, can produce
Elastic deformation, this deformation has linear relationship with plus load, in cubical three planes, each makes a call to two blind holes, (1),
(2), (3), (4), (5), (6) be respectively outer connection wire after embedded strain gauge in blind hole, this connects wire and is
Two-wire, for measure each foil gauge because of deformation after produce strain value, this strain value has linearly with the load of corresponding axle
Relation, on each Impact direction, places two foil gauges, it is therefore an objective to eliminates and loads asymmetric impact.
Fig. 2 is the present invention complete structure for three axle load calibration devices of industry CT.
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6) be foil gauge external lead wire, (10) are dynamometry elastomer, (7), (8),
(9) be in figure it can be seen that three auxiliary block, be connected to outside elastomer, lead location need to be reserved in the side that is connected with elastomer,
Prevent in loading procedure, measure traverse line pressurized, same symmetrical connect three auxiliary block other three of elastomer, these six
The effect of auxiliary block, i.e. can ensure that elastomer is positioned at the structure centre of calibration device, and 6 groups of wires of strain testing are permissible simultaneously
Draw from the vacant position of seamed edge.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
Calibration device fabrication and processing flow process is as follows:
(1) processing cube elastomer, it is ensured that the depth of parallelism and perpendicularity are within 0.01mm；Each processing one in three faces
Blind hole, after cleaning up, injects strain gage adhesive, and embedded strain gauge, welds external wire.
(2) six auxiliary block of processing, it is ensured that the depth of parallelism and perpendicularity are within 0.01mm, and wherein three monolateral flutings, make
External test lead is not extruded.
(3) one compensation block of processing, processes a blind hole in a face, imbeds a foil gauge according to step 1, and
Welding external lead wire.
(4) parts that step 1 and 2 are processed and handled well, are assembled into an entirety according to Fig. 2, and are done in three faces
Good labelling, it is simple to distinguish the load of each axle.
Multichannel deformeter selected by external test instrunment, and it is a kind of general laboratory apparatus, demarcates technological process as follows:
(1) using three 1/4 bridge types of attachment, take three passages of multichannel deformeter, each passage is respectively connected to
One foil gauge, compensation block foil gauge accesses the compensation resistance position of deformeter.
(2) carry out three single shafts respectively demarcating loading, measure strain and the relation curve of load in three faces, make mark
Determine coefficient.
(3) carry out three axles demarcating loading simultaneously, determine strain and the load relation in three directions, determine foil gauge
The transversal effect impact on test result.
(4) the three axle load calibration devices demarcated are placed in industry CT LOADED CAVITY, repeat 2 and 3 steps, measure respectively
Go out the relation of three direction hydraulic jack pressure and foil gauge strain output.
(5) relation curve of actual loaded load and hydraulic jack pressure is finally given.
(6) this relation curve is transplanted in oil cylinder loading procedure, can be measured by the operating pressure controlling hydraulic jack
Go out sample actual loading size, eliminate pressure linear loss and the mistake of oil cylinder frictional force generation of hydraulic oil pipeline simultaneously
Difference impact.
Embodiment two
Calibration device fabrication and processing flow process is as follows:
(1) processing cube elastomer, it is ensured that the depth of parallelism and perpendicularity are within 0.01mm；Each processing two in three faces
Blind hole, after cleaning up, injects strain gage adhesive, and embedded strain gauge, welds external wire.
(2) six auxiliary block of processing, it is ensured that the depth of parallelism and perpendicularity are within 0.01mm, and wherein three monolateral flutings, make
External test lead is not extruded.
(3) one compensation block of processing, processes six blind holes in a face, imbeds six foil gauges according to step 1, and
Welding external lead wire.
(4) parts that step 1 and 2 are processed and handled well, are assembled into entirety according to Fig. 2, and are carried out in three faces
Labelling, it is simple to distinguish the load of each axle
Multichannel deformeter selected by external test instrunment, and it is a kind of general laboratory apparatus, demarcates technological process as follows:
(1) use three full-bridge types of attachment, take three passages of multichannel deformeter, each passage respectively by 1 and 2,
3 and 4,5 and 6 plus 2 foil gauges compositions in compensation block, and the most cubical two foil gauges to form and connect bridging.
(2) carry out three single shafts respectively demarcating loading, measure strain and the relation curve of load in three faces, make mark
Determine coefficient.
(3) carry out three axles demarcating loading simultaneously, determine strain and the relation of load in three planes, determine strain
The impact on test result of the transversal effect of sheet.
(4) the three axle load calibration devices demarcated are placed in industry CT LOADED CAVITY, repeat 2 and 3 steps, measure respectively
Go out the relation of three direction hydraulic jack pressure and foil gauge strain output.
(5) relation curve of sample actual loaded load and hydraulic jack pressure is finally given.
(6) this relation curve is transplanted in oil cylinder loading procedure, can be measured by the operating pressure controlling hydraulic jack
Go out sample actual loading size, eliminate pressure linear loss and the mistake of oil cylinder frictional force generation of hydraulic oil pipeline simultaneously
Difference impact.
Claims (7)
1. for three axle load calibration devices and the demarcation technique of industry CT, including structure, the system of three axle load calibrations
Making step and demarcate technique, it is technically characterized in that this three axles load calibration device can be directly placed into industry CT three axle
Intracavity, directly demarcates the size of three axle loaded load.
The most according to claim 1, internal structure and the entirety of three axle load calibration devices is assembled as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
The most according to claim 1, three axle load calibration device core cubes use punching, install the structure of foil gauge, this
Three axocoel bodies of industry CT can be demarcated by compact conformation.
The most according to claim 1, there are six pieces of auxiliary block in the three hexahedro outsides of axle load calibration device core cube, can be external
Draw wire, transmit data, cube can be made to be positioned at overall structure center simultaneously.
5. claim 2, three axle load calibration devices, according to the demarcation technique of invention, single shaft, twin shaft and three axles can be distinguished
Demarcate, measure reference load and strain output factor with all directions.
6. three axle load calibration devices are placed in industry CT cavity by claim 3, measure single shaft, twin shaft and three axle hydraulic cylinders
Body internal pressure strains output factor with all directions.
7. claim 4, is processed by data after demarcating, obtains reference load and the relation of three axle hydraulic cylinder internal pressures,
The pressure directly controlling hydraulic pump can obtain the load value of sample.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510016878.9A CN105891038A (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510016878.9A CN105891038A (en) | 2015-01-14 | 2015-01-14 | Triaxial loading calibrator for industrial CT and calibration process |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108072467A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The measuring method of stress field inside a kind of discontinuous structure body |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108072467A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2018-05-25 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The measuring method of stress field inside a kind of discontinuous structure body |
| CN108072467B (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2023-11-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for measuring internal stress field of discontinuous structure |
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