Sludge drying device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental protection equipment especially relates to one kind and can be in short time, and the mud mummification device that meets the requirements is reduced to the mud moisture content after the dehydration.
Background
Over 500 million tons of wet sludge are discharged by national sewage treatment plants every year. A large amount of sludge which is not subjected to stabilization and harmless treatment becomes a heavy burden of a sewage treatment plant, and secondary pollution is generated to the environment. In order to facilitate the transportation, storage and processing of the sludge, the primarily dewatered sludge must be further dried to reduce the sludge volume and transportation management cost, and create conditions for the next step of recycling (such as fuel, building materials and the like). Therefore, dehydration treatment of sludge is necessary.
At present, the water content of the sludge is reduced to 70-80% or naturally dehydrated by a belt filter press in China, namely, a sludge drying plant is used for naturally airing and dehydrating the sludge. Generally, the water content of the sludge after mechanical dehydration is about 80 percent, and further dehydration treatment is needed. The natural dehydration occupies a large area, has serious secondary pollution, is greatly influenced by seasons and climate, and has lower efficiency.
The sludge is treated by adopting a drying machine. According to the contact mode of the heat medium and the sludge, the drying machine can be divided into direct drying, indirect drying, direct-indirect combined drying and the like. The essence of direct drying is convection drying, i.e. the hot gas generated by a combustion chamber is directly contacted and mixed with the sludge, and the sludge is heated to evaporate the water content to finally obtain a dry sludge product. Flash dryers, tumble dryers, screw dryers, etc. are all of this type; indirect drying is essentially conductive drying, in which hot gas from a combustion furnace is passed through steam and a hot oil medium to heat the walls, and the heat is transferred through the walls to wet sludge, so that the water in the wet sludge is evaporated and removed, such as thin film dryers and various rotary disc/paddle board dryers. The direct-indirect combined drying system is a combination of convection-conduction technology. Among the above dryers, the flash evaporation type dryer is the most widely used one at present, and all of the dryers can treat the water content of the sludge to be below 10%.
The existing sludge drying equipment has the following defects:
1. a large amount of heat energy is consumed in the drying process;
2. the initial equipment investment is large;
3. the operation cost is high, and the treatment cost of the wet mud per ton is over 100 yuan.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a solve the technical problem that current sludge drying equipment energy consumption is high, the initial investment is big, the running cost is high, provide an energy consumption little, with low costs and operation efficient sludge drying equipment.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is that construct a sludge drying device, its confined casing that includes a clear glass and make, divide the multilayer transversely to set up in the tray support in this casing, locate on the horizontal lateral wall of casing with the feed inlet that every layer of tray support corresponds, locate discharge gate, detachable joint in the transparent glass's of casing surface and closedown advance, discharge gate seal the board, can freely pass through advance, discharge gate or be located on the tray support material tray, locate respectively the casing bottom, the top can make the inside air current of casing open-flow's rectification fan, locate casing side lower part air intake and with the hinge of this air intake upper end edge and with the clear glass's of air intake adaptation shrouding, locate the rain insensitive device of this air intake, locate the air-out pipeline and the supporting ventilation fan on the relative casing side of this air intake and locate this ventilation fan of control in the casing, the humidity automatic monitoring device who opens.
In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, the shell, the sealing plate and the sealing plate are made of double-layer hollow transparent glass.
The sealing plate is rectangular, can move up and down, is fixed at a corresponding position on the surface of the shell by using detachable connection-screws, and sealing rubber strips are arranged on four sides of the sealing plate. The sealing plate of the air inlet is rectangular, the upper end edge of the sealing plate is hinged to the inner surface of the shell, and the other three edges of the sealing plate are provided with sealing rubber strips.
The rain-proof device of the air inlet is a horn-shaped pipeline with a downward opening, and the small end of the rain-proof device is in butt joint with the air inlet in a matched mode.
The air outlet pipeline is a horizontal or downward hard pipeline, and is connected with the ventilation fan, and the exhaust air is led out for tail gas treatment.
The bottom surface of the material tray is arranged to be of a mesh structure.
The rectification fan can be a fan with large air quantity, low pressure and small power.
The ventilation fan can be a medium-pressure fan with large ventilation volume and small installed power.
The tray support can be of an integrated frame structure and comprises a frame matched with the inner cavity of the shell and all layers of supports formed by a plurality of stainless steel pipes, wherein the planes of the supports are arranged on the frame at intervals.
The tray support can also be formed by a plurality of stainless steel pipes which are arranged on the side wall of the shell at intervals on the plane to form each layer of support.
Each layer of support is also provided with a small roller for reducing the moving friction of the material tray.
The utility model adopts a relatively closed double-layer transparent glass shell as a drying chamber, which is arranged in the field to receive solar radiation to the maximum extent, utilizes the solar radiation to heat the air in the chamber, and can effectively prevent the indoor heat from being dissipated, thereby achieving the purpose of heat preservation, keeping higher temperature in the drying chamber and being beneficial to the vaporization and evaporation of material moisture; the rectification fan with low outlet pressure, large disturbance to air flow and small installed power is arranged in the drying chamber to force convection of indoor air, so that the heat contained in the ambient air in the drying chamber is fully utilized to vaporize and evaporate the water in the sludge, and the water vapor is rapidly discharged out of the drying chamber through the air interchanger, thereby greatly improving the drying efficiency and realizing rapid drying.
The utility model discloses the initial stage small investment only needs to build the glass drying chamber, and the rectification fan of inside outfit can choose for use the amount of wind big, pressure is low, the fan that power is little (like the warmhouse booth scavenger fan), and the well pressure fan that the scavenging air volume is big, installation power is little can be chooseed for use to the scavenger fan, and whole investment cost is about 1/10 of present other mud drying equipment. And the running cost is low. The utility model discloses the device relates to the available following formula of mechanical air supply volume and calculates:
in the formula: q-air output of the blower to the sludge; c- -specific heat of air; r- -specific volume of air; g
0 -the original weight of the sludge; w
0 -the raw moisture of the sludge; c
0 -the raw specific heat of the sludge; t is t
0 -the original temperature of the sludge; g
1 -the weight of the sludge after drying; w
1 -the moisture content of the dried sludge; c
1 -specific heat of the dried sludge; t is t
1 -temperature of the sludge after drying; t is
Dry food -atmospheric dry bulb temperature; t is a unit of
Wet -atmospheric wet bulb temperature; I.C. A
0 -the heat of gasification of the sludge moisture; t- -hours ventilated; e- -solar radiation heat. For example, the following steps are carried out: according to the method, 100 tons of sludge with the water content of 80 percent is treated every day, the final water content of the sludge is 40 percent, and the solar heat collection area is 3000m
2 The average value of the solar radiation energy at various temperatures in the region of the Jinan province is calculated,the mechanical air supply required each year:
if the ventilation fan selects a single air supply quantity Q =55000m
3 A blower with a power of 1.5KW for greenhouseThe annual running time (i.e. total air supply time) of the fan is obtained as follows:
in hours, the total power was: p · t =1.5 × 2.2 × 10
5 =3.3×10
5 KWh. The electricity price is calculated according to 0.60 yuan/degree, the total electricity cost is 198000 yuan, the electricity cost required by processing 1 ton of wet sludge is 5.42 yuan/ton, and the electricity cost is 1/15-1/25 of the operation cost of other sludge drying equipment, and the processing cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, in which:
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view illustrating the sealing or opening of the inlet and outlet ports according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a tray support of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a material tray according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the air inlet closed according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view illustrating the opening of the air inlet according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows the basic structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sludge drying device comprises a closed housing 6 made of a double-layer hollow transparent glass, a tray support 3 transversely disposed in the housing in multiple layers, a feed inlet 1 disposed on the transverse right side wall of the housing 6 and corresponding to each layer of tray support, and a discharge outlet 2 disposed on the wall on the side (left side) opposite to the feed inlet 1 of the housing 6. The material inlet and the material outlet are respectively connected with a sealing plate 7 which can seal the material inlet and the material outlet. In this embodiment, the sealing plate 7 is rectangular and made of double-layer hollow transparent glass, can move up and down, and is fixed to the corresponding position on the surface of the housing by bolts, and four sides are provided with sealing rubber strips 8 (as shown in fig. 2, wherein a shows a state where the inlet and outlet are closed, and B shows a state where the inlet and outlet are open). The bottom and the top of the shell 6 are respectively provided with a rectifying fan 5 which can lead the air in the shell to be convected. In this embodiment, the rectification fan may be a fan with large air volume, low pressure and small power (such as a ventilating fan for a greenhouse), so as to achieve the purpose of saving electric energy and form forced convection of air in the drying chamber, so as to improve the drying efficiency. The drying machine is also provided with a plastic material tray 4 for placing materials to be dried, the size of the tray can freely pass through the material inlet and the material outlet without being blocked or be positioned on the tray support 3, the bottom surface of the material tray 4 is provided with a mesh structure 10 (as shown in figure 4) so as to be beneficial to ventilation from top to bottom, and the moisture in the materials placed on the material tray is vaporized and evaporated by fully utilizing the environmental heat brought by the air blown by the rectifying fan, so that the drying is quickly finished. The lower part of the left side surface of the shell is provided with an air inlet 02 and a sealing plate 06 which is hinged with the upper end edge of the air inlet and is made of double-layer hollow transparent glass and matched with the air inlet. The sealing plate is rectangular, the upper end edge of the sealing plate is hinged to the inner surface of the shell, and the other three edges of the sealing plate are provided with sealing rubber strips 8. This air intake still is equipped with rain insensitive device 03 outward, and this rain insensitive device is the loudspeaker form pipeline of opening down, and its tip docks with the air intake adaptation. An air outlet pipeline 04 communicated with the inner cavity of the shell 6 and a matched air exchange fan 05 are arranged at the upper part of one side surface of the shell opposite to the air inlet 02. The air outlet pipeline is a hard pipeline which is horizontally arranged and can also be arranged downwards. The rear part of the air outlet pipeline is connected with the ventilation fan, and an automatic humidity monitoring device (not shown in the figure) capable of controlling the ventilation fan to be switched on and off is arranged in the shell. The fan leads out the outlet air and then carries out tail gas treatment. During treatment, the discharged air can absorb harmful substances in the air through the spray tower, the sprayed water is introduced into the biological filter for biological treatment, and the treated water flows back to the spray tower for cyclic utilization.
As shown in fig. 1, the drying chamber is formed by the housing 6, and the ventilation in the drying chamber is realized by the air inlet 02 and the air outlet pipe 04. When the humidity automatic monitoring device monitors that the air humidity in the drying chamber reaches a certain value, the ventilation fan 05 on the air outlet pipeline is automatically started to enable a certain negative pressure space to be formed inside the drying chamber, so that the air inlet 02 is automatically opened, and external air continuously enters the chamber. When the humidity of the air in the drying chamber is reduced to an allowable value, the ventilation is finished, the ventilation fan 05 is turned off, and the sealing plate 06 of the air inlet is automatically closed under the action of gravity. In order to prevent rainwater from entering the drying chamber from the air inlet, a rainproof device 03 is arranged around the air inlet.
As shown in fig. 3, the tray support 3 in this embodiment is an integrated frame structure, and includes an angle steel frame 12 adapted to the inner cavity of the housing 6, and each layer of supports 9 formed by a plurality of stainless steel pipes arranged on the frame at intervals on a plane. To reduce the friction of the material trays moving on the layer holders 9, small rollers (not shown) may be provided on the layer holders 9. The tray supports 3 may be formed by several stainless steel pipes arranged on the side wall of the housing 6 at intervals.
When sludge drying is implemented, firstly, sludge which is dehydrated in advance is flatly laid on a material tray 4, bolts for fixing a sealing plate 7 at the position of a feed port 1 are loosened, the sealing plate is moved upwards to the position where the tray 4 can freely enter a drying chamber from the feed port 1 and then is fixed, the tray 4 is pushed in from the feed port 1 at the right side of the drying chamber along a tray support, and after the material tray 4 completely enters the drying chamber, the sealing plate is restored to the original position, namely, the feed port is sealed and is fixed by the bolts. The sealing rubber strips 8 at the four edges of the sealing plate can play a role in sealing.
The rectifying fan 5 is started to make the indoor air heated by solar energy perform forced convection, the moisture in the sludge is vaporized and evaporated under the energy of hot air, when the humidity automatic detection device monitors that the humidity of the air in the drying chamber reaches a certain value, the ventilating fan 05 on the air outlet pipeline is automatically started to make the inside of the drying chamber form a certain negative pressure space, so that the air inlet 02 is automatically opened (please refer to fig. 6), and an external air source continuously enters the drying chamber. When the humidity of the air in the drying chamber is reduced to the allowable value, the ventilation fan 05 is turned off, and the sealing plate 06 of the air inlet is automatically closed under the gravity (see fig. 5). The water content of the sludge is gradually reduced by the circulation.
When the water content of the sludge meets the technological requirements, the bolts of the sealing plate for sealing the discharge port are loosened, the sealing plate moves up to the position where the tray can freely leave the drying chamber from the discharge port and is fixed, the tray is pulled out from the discharge port on the left side of the drying chamber along the tray support, and after the material tray completely leaves the drying chamber, the sealing plate is restored to the position for sealing the discharge port and is fixed by the bolts. And taking down the dried sludge, and pouring the sludge to a specified place for storage or outward transportation for utilization.