CN1989369A - 传输流体的方法 - Google Patents

传输流体的方法 Download PDF

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CN1989369A
CN1989369A CNA2005800241172A CN200580024117A CN1989369A CN 1989369 A CN1989369 A CN 1989369A CN A2005800241172 A CNA2005800241172 A CN A2005800241172A CN 200580024117 A CN200580024117 A CN 200580024117A CN 1989369 A CN1989369 A CN 1989369A
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fluid
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马丁·施维格尔
赖纳·迪斯特尔
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Solvay SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
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    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
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    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
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    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
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    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
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    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
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Abstract

一种将包括至少一种易燃的氢氟烃的流体从第一容器传输到第二容器的方法，其中所述组合物通过至少一个管线运输，所述管线通过干联接器至少连接至所述第一容器。

Description

传输流体的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种传输包括氢氟烃(hydrofluorocarbon)的流体的方法。
背景技术
氢氟烃及其混合物是例如在制冷应用中用作发泡剂或者溶剂的有效产品。氢氟烃通常具有高的蒸气压力。由于经济上以及特别是生态上的原因，期望确保化合物或者组合物从例如运输容器到存储容器的传送尽可能地完全。
应当在产品损耗最小、安全性最大的情况下进行这种传送，并且应当实现所传送产品的期望产品质量。
专利申请EP-A-0979855公开了一种充填某种非共沸混合制冷剂的方法，其中制冷剂从供给容器以液相提取并且充填入接收容器内。
期望有一种满足前述规定的传输包括氢氟烃的流体的方法。
发明内容
因此，本发明涉及一种将包括至少一种易燃的氢氟烃的流体从第一容器传输到第二容器的方法，其中该流体通过至少一个管线传输，该管线通过干式联接器至少连接至第一容器。
已发现根据本发明的方法可以安全地用于传输甚至具有高蒸气压力的氢氟烃并且不会有任何实质上的产品损耗。
“干式联接器”应理解为具体表示由阳部件和阴部件构成的联接器，其中，阳部件和阴部件在不相互连接时是封闭的，而仅当它们连接在一起时才是打开的。这种干式联接器可由ARTA Armaturen undTankgertebau GmbH获得。
干式联接器优选地由不锈钢制成。其阴部件通常通过诸如焊接等任何合适的技术或者优选地通过凸缘连接而永久性地连接至管线。其阳部件通常通过诸如焊接等任何合适的技术或者优选地通过凸缘连接而永久性地连接至第一容器。
联接器的尺寸通常为从DN(额定直径)80到DN25。
在根据本发明的方法中，管线通常是柔性软管。在此情况下，软管由耐流体扩散的材料制成并且优选地由不锈钢制成。
在根据本发明的方法中，流体优选地以液态从第一容器传输到第二容器。
在根据本发明的方法中，流体的传输速度通常为从1m3/h到15m3/h，优选地从4m3/h到10m3/h。
在根据本发明的方法中，第一容器通常选自：汽车储罐或者轮船储罐(例如集装箱卡车或者集装箱船，优选地为集装箱卡车)以及ISO集装罐。如果第一容器是ISO集装罐，其通常装配有干式联接器的阳部件。已发现可以提供具有用于干式联接器的阳部件以及一阀部件的存储空间的ISO集装罐，所述阀部件例如通过凸缘连接而连接至所述阳部件。阳部件优选地永久性地连接至集装罐。
该存储空间设计成结合了干式联接器，具体是结合了干式联接器的阳部件。所述空间的长度通常地为120mm到220mm。其宽度通常由如上所述的联接器的尺寸确定。
本发明的“易燃化合物”的含义应理解为具体地表示当根据任何适用的标准测试时分类为具易燃性的化合物。此标准的一个示例为ASTME 681/ASHRAE 34(例如2001版)。
在根据本发明的方法中，流体通常包括二氟甲烷(HFC-32)、1，1-二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)、1，1，1-三氟乙烷(HFC-143a)或者1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc)。根据本发明的方法特别适合于当流体包括二氟甲烷(HFC-32)或者由二氟甲烷(HFC-32)构成时的情况。
根据本发明的方法还特别适合当流体包括选自R404A、R407C和R410A的非共沸混合物时的情况。其还可以用于诸如与n-戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷或者n-正己烷共沸混合的HFC365mfc或R507等的共沸混合物。
根据本发明的方法还有利地用于当流体还包括除易燃的或者不易燃的氢氟烃之外的烃时的情况。在此情况下，烃通常包括3到8个碳原子，具体地选自丙烷、环丙烷、n-丁烷、异丁烷、环丁烷、n-戊烷、异戊烷、环戊烷和n-己烷。
在根据本发明的方法中，流体通常包含至少占重量的10％的易燃化合物。通常此含量至少占重量的20％。在根据本发明的方法中，流体可以由易燃化合物构成。如果使用了具有非易燃化合物的混合物，易燃化合物的含量通常至多占重量的80％。通常此含量至多占重量的60％。
附图说明
参照图1，示出了根据本发明的方法的优选实施方式。在此实施方式中，优选地基本处于液态的流体由泵(10)从第一容器(6)通过由干式联接器(11)连接至第一容器的液体软管(7)泵入第二容器(8)中，而第二容器中的气体空间通过由干式联接器(12)连接至第一容器的蒸气软管(9)与第一容器相连通。
具体实施方式
下面参照图1说明通过连续操作执行本发明的方式：
1、存储罐操作者关闭位于连接液体软管(7)和蒸气软管(9)的均衡管线(13)上的手动旁通阀3。
2、从干式联接器(11)和(12)的所有部件中去除优选使用的防尘盖。
3、将位于液体软管(7)和蒸气软管(9)上的联接器的阴部件螺旋连接至位于汽车储罐上的适当阳部件上。
4、罐操作者打开存储罐上的蒸气平衡管线阀(1)和液体充填管线阀(2)。
5、汽车储罐司机打开液体管线阀(4)和蒸气管线阀(5)。
6、现在将制冷剂泵入存储罐(8)中。
7、当输送完成后，关闭泵(10)。
8、关闭汽车储罐上的蒸气阀(4)和液体阀(5)。
9、关闭存储罐(8)上的蒸气平衡管线阀(1)和液体充填管线阀(2)。
10、打开均衡管线(13)上的手动旁通阀(3)。
11、将液体和蒸气软管上的联接器(11)和(12)的阴部件从汽车储罐的阳部件脱离，再次用防尘盖进行保护并有序地存放。

Claims (11)

1.一种将包括至少一种易燃的氢氟烃的流体从第一容器传输到第二容器的方法，其中，所述流体通过至少一个管线传送，所述管线通过干式联接器至少连接至所述第一容器。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述管线是柔性软管。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述干式联接器由不锈钢制成。
4.如权利要求1到3中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述流体以液态传输。
5.如权利要求1到4中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述流体从所述第一容器(6)经液体软管(7)泵入所述第二容器(8)中，而所述第二容器中的气体空间经通过联接器连接至所述第一容器的蒸气软管(9)与所述第一容器相连通。
6.如权利要求1到5中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述流体的传输速度为从1m3/h到15m3/h。
7.如权利要求1到6中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述流体包括二氟甲烷(HFC-32)、1，1-二氟乙烷(HFC-152a)、1，1，1-三氟乙烷(HFC-143a)或者1，1，1，3，3-五氟丁烷(HFC-365mfc)。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述流体包括二氟甲烷(HFC-32)。
9.如权利要求7或8所述的方法，其中，所述流体包括选自R404A、R407C以及R410A的非共沸混合物。
10.如权利要求1到9中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述流体还包括烃。
11.一种ISO集装罐，其装配有干式联接器的阳部件。
CNA2005800241172A 2004-07-23 2005-07-19 传输流体的方法 Pending CN1989369A (zh)

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