CN1981956A - 修理压缩机叶片的流动成型技术 - Google Patents

修理压缩机叶片的流动成型技术 Download PDF

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CN1981956A
CN1981956A CNA2006101684831A CN200610168483A CN1981956A CN 1981956 A CN1981956 A CN 1981956A CN A2006101684831 A CNA2006101684831 A CN A2006101684831A CN 200610168483 A CN200610168483 A CN 200610168483A CN 1981956 A CN1981956 A CN 1981956A
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wheel blade
coating
turbogenerator
blade part
molds
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J·F·穆洛利
W·M·洛斯
D·R·马利
M·D·金斯特勒
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Raytheon Technologies Corp
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United Technologies Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P6/00—Restoring or reconditioning objects
    • B23P6/002—Repairing turbine components, e.g. moving or stationary blades, rotors
    • B23P6/007—Repairing turbine components, e.g. moving or stationary blades, rotors using only additive methods, e.g. build-up welding
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/04—Diffusion into selected surface areas, e.g. using masks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/01—Selective coating, e.g. pattern coating, without pre-treatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/005—Repairing methods or devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05D2230/90—Coating; Surface treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
    • F05D2300/611—Coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49318—Repairing or disassembling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
    • Y10T29/49732—Repairing by attaching repair preform, e.g., remaking, restoring, or patching
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
    • Y10T29/49732—Repairing by attaching repair preform, e.g., remaking, restoring, or patching
    • Y10T29/49734—Repairing by attaching repair preform, e.g., remaking, restoring, or patching and removing damaged material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
    • Y10T29/49746—Repairing by applying fluent material, e.g., coating, casting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49718—Repairing
    • Y10T29/49748—Repairing by shaping, e.g., bending, extruding, turning, etc.
    • Y10T29/4975—Repairing by shaping, e.g., bending, extruding, turning, etc. including heating

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

提供修理涡轮发动机元件的一种方法，这种方法主要包括准备一个具有轮叶部分的涡轮发动机元件、轮叶部分施加涂层和在一次操作中完成尖端、翼展和轮叶部分的表面恢复到原始尺寸等几个步骤。还阐述了修理涡轮发动机元件的一个系统。

Description

修理压缩机叶片的流动成型技术
本发明的背景
技术领域
本发明涉及用于恢复诸如压缩机轮叶或表面的引擎驱动的叶片的尺寸特征的方法和系统。
背景技术
用于恢复引擎驱动的叶片的尺寸特征的惯常方法包括使用如铣削和磨削的各种可用的方法进行尺寸加工。
尽管有这些惯常方法的存在，但是仍然存在对一种简单、可重复和快捷实施的方法的需求。
发明内容
本发明提供一种修复涡轮发动机元件的方法。这个方法主要包括下述步骤：提供具有轮叶部分的涡轮发动机元件；对该轮叶部分施加涂层；和在单一操作中恢复该轮叶部分的尖端部分、弦和表面至其原始尺寸。
本发明还提供修复涡轮发动机元件的系统。该系统主要包括用于给涡轮发动机元件轮叶部分施加涂层的装置和在单一操作中同时恢复轮叶部分的尖端、弦和表面至它们的原始尺寸的装置。
用于修理的压缩机轮叶流动成型技术的其它细节和与之相伴随的其它目标和优点将在下面的详细阐述和在附带的、用参照数字描述元件的示意图中给出。
附图说明
图1是表述本发明的修理方法步骤的流程图；
图2是经过施加涂层操作的一个涡轮发动机元件的图示；
图3是一个流动成型模具的图示；
图4是经过流动成型模具操作的涡轮发动机元件的图示；以及
图5是从已经恢复到其原始尺寸特征的涡轮发动机元件上清除毛刺的图示。
具体实施方式
如前所述，本发明涉及修理已经使用的如压缩机轮叶和叶片的涡轮发动机元件。图1是本发明的修理方法的图示说明。正如其中看到的，涡轮发动机元件10首先在步骤12中清理。涡轮发动机元件10可以用任意适合的已知技术做清理处理。作为清理处理的一部分，在元件10的轮叶部分上的任何涂层都可以应用任意已知的适用技术清除掉。
在步骤14中，可以实施一种涂层15以恢复涡轮发动机元件的轮叶部分16。该涂层15可以包括任何已知的适用涂层，并且可以采用任何已知的适用技术进行实施。例如，涂层15可以是钛基涂层。如在图2所示的，最好在轮叶部分16的两个表面17和19上的尖端部分18到大约中间跨度位置20区域内施加涂层。在中间跨度位置20，可以用任何已知的适用技术将涂层与轮叶部分16的表面形成一整体。
在步骤22中，涡轮发动机元件10的轮叶部分16被放置于如图3所示的模具组24中，并对它进行流动成型操作。流动成型操作可以在一定温度范围内进行，在该温度范围的低端由特定的钛合金的蠕动特性限定边界，而在其高端由该合金的β转变(beta transus)限定边界。温度上限是由避免晶粒增长的需要驱动的。硼氮化物或其它材料形式的模具润滑可被用于钛合金物质与拼合模块的分离。模具组24有：第一半模具26，它有该轮叶部分16的一个表面的形状；具有该轮叶部分16的另外一个表面形状的第二半模具28。在模具组24中，由于施加涂层操作的结果而加到涡轮发动机元件10表面上的材料被加热和流动成型至期望的形状，例如使轮叶部分16恢复到它的原始形状和尺寸。图4显示的是从模具组24取出涡轮发动机元件10后恢复了的轮叶部分16的情况。同时可以看到，尖端恢复、翼展恢复和表面厚度恢复的三种受损模式已经被恢复。流动成型操作完成以后，从模具组24内取出涡轮发动机元件10的轮叶部分16。
在步骤30中，如图5所示，轮叶部分16周边的毛刺32被去掉，可以用任意已知的适用技术除去毛刺32。例如，可以用任何已知适宜的机械加工技术去除毛刺32。
步骤34中，对涡轮发动机元件进行最后精加工操作。最后的精加工操作可以利用任何已知的适宜技术完成。例如，可以用玻璃珠敲击涡轮发动机元件以改善高转速疲劳寿命。
这里所述的流动成型技术对模具内的材料施力，从而以非常快捷和可以重复的方法恢复到原始尺寸。流动成型具有改进疲劳特性的潜力，超过用常规机械加工的表面性质。流动成型的涡轮发动机元件的材料性质优于用焊接材料作恢复修理。在施加涂层过程中产生的任何不完善的地方然后将在流动成型期间校正。
流动成型具有在单一操作中恢复全部三种典型受损模式的新颖特征。这三种受损模式包括尖端恢复、弦恢复和表面厚度。
本发明的修理方法有多种优点。它操作简单、可以重复和快捷。该修理方法还校正涂层的缺陷和在单一操作中恢复所有的受损模式。另外，该修理方法提高涡轮发动机元件的机械和疲劳性质，并且用母体材料性质产生修复。
仅管已经阐述本发明的方法涉及用于修复使用过的涡轮发动机元件的内容，但它还可以用来修复有一个或多个缺陷的新加工的元件。

Claims (18)

1.一种修复涡轮发动机元件的方法，包括下述步骤：
提供具有轮叶部分的涡轮发动机元件；
向上述轮叶部分施加涂层；
在单一操作中恢复上述的轮叶部分的尖端部分、弦和表面至原始尺寸。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，恢复步骤包括将涡轮发动机元件的被涂层的轮叶部分放入模具组中，并在所述模具组中加热所述涂层的轮叶部分使材料在所述模具组内流动，于是恢复所述尖端部分、弦和所述表面。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述施加涂层步骤包括实施钛涂层至所述轮叶部分。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述实施涂层步骤包括实施涂层到所述轮叶的两个表面。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述实施涂层步骤包括施加施涂层到所述轮叶部分的两个表面从所述的轮叶部分的尖端到中间跨度位置。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，还包括将上述涂层与上述轮叶部分的表面形成一整体。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括在施加所述涂层之前清洁所述涡轮发动机元件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括在所述恢复步骤之后从所述轮叶上清除毛刺。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括在所述清除毛刺步骤之后将所述涡轮发动机元件进行精加工操作。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述涡轮发动机元件提供步骤包括提供轮叶。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述涡轮发动机元件提供步骤包括提供叶片。
12.用于修复带有轮叶部分的涡轮发动机元件的系统，所述系统包括：
用于施加一种涂层至涡轮发动机元件的轮叶部分的装置；和
在单一操作中同时恢复该轮叶部分的尖端部分、弦和表面至其原始尺寸的装置。
13.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述施加涂层装置包括用于施加钛涂层至所述轮叶部分的表面的装置。
14.根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述恢复装置包括模具组和用于使材料形成上述涂层的装置以便在所述模具组内流动，从而使所述尖端部分、所述弦和所述表面恢复到所述原始尺寸。
15.根据权利要求14所述的系统，其中，所述模具组包括具有所述表面中的第一表面的形状的第一模具和具有上述表面中的第二表面的形状的第二模具。
16.根据权利要求12所述的系统，还包括在施加所述涂层之前，清理所述涡轮发动机元件的装置。
17.根据权利要求12所述的系统，还包括用于在从所述恢复装置中取出所述轮叶部分之后从所述轮叶部分清除毛刺的装置。
18.根据权利要求17所述的系统，还包括用于在除去所述毛刺以后对所述涡轮发动机元件进行精加工操作的装置。
CNA2006101684831A 2005-12-15 2006-12-14 修理压缩机叶片的流动成型技术 Pending CN1981956A (zh)

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US8146250B2 (en) * 2008-05-30 2012-04-03 General Electric Company Method of replacing a composite airfoil
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JP2007162684A (ja) 2007-06-28
US8127442B2 (en) 2012-03-06
US20090320287A1 (en) 2009-12-31
KR20070064251A (ko) 2007-06-20
IL179116A0 (en) 2007-03-08
EP1797989B1 (en) 2011-06-01
EP1797989A3 (en) 2009-10-14

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