CN1970687A

CN1970687A - Circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment

Info

Publication number: CN1970687A
Application number: CN 200610098086
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘春生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-12-01
Filing date: 2006-12-01
Publication date: 2007-05-30

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological gasifying purifier, which comprises the following parts: fan, air feed pipe, secondary wind pipe, valve, furnace lid, air duct, gas kitchen range, chimney, purifier, baffle, furnace, insulating material, cavity, chassis, grate, upper seat, ash chamber and recycling pipe, wherein the furnace and purifier weld together; the hot water and coke are condensed in the purifier, which are returned into the bottom of hearth through recycling pipe and secondary wind pipe directly; the chassis, grate, cavity and upper seat are put on the bottom sequently with insulating material filling between cavity and furnace; the furnace lid seals the upper end of furnace; the air duct connects air feed pipe through secondary wind pipe; the chimney is set on the air duct, which possesses valve repectively; the purifier connects secondary wind pipe through recycling pipe on the bottom; one U-shaped fluid-tight structure is set in the recycling pipe.

Description

Circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to the gasifying biomass field, refering in particular to is a kind of circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment.

Background technology

Encourage to clean, develop efficiently biofuel, the encourage growth energy crop has become the fundamental state policy of China, the Party Central Committee repeatedly clearly will carry forward vigorously save energy hereof, fully develop renewable energy source, particularly strengthen the rural energy construction paces energetically, development is fit to the clean energy of rural area characteristics.And biomass gasification technology is with the biomass material heating, under the condition of anoxycausis, makes the organic carbon hydrogen compound splitting of chain of higher molecular weight, becomes low hydro carbons, CO and hydrogen etc.This method has changed the form of biomass material, use more convenient, and low-grade biomass energy can be converted into high-grade energy, effciency of energy transfer improves a lot than the direct burning of solid-state biomass, biomass energy can realize " zero release " of carbonic acid gas when being utilized as the energy, help purifying air, keep ecological balance, so biomass gasification technology receives countries in the world government and scientist's concern.Many countries have all formulated corresponding development research plan, and as the sunlight program of Japan, the green energy resource engineering of India, the energy farm of the U.S. and the alcohol energy plan of Brazil etc., wherein the development and use of biomass energy occupy suitable proportion.

China is the large agricultural country of " shortage of resources, populous ", and biomass resource is very abundant.Flourish along with market economy, energy consumption grows with each passing day, and the national conditions of China are now: be " electricity is flurried ", " coal is flurried ", " oil is unbearably " equal energy source fear on one side, the whole nation from the leadership to the masses fuel is in an emergency, and price skyrockets; On one side be renewable plant resourceses such as the vast rural area faggot stalk of not charging, husk leaf year after year, pile up like a mountain, trials and tribulations are caused disaster, this abundant aftergrowth resource conversion of China can be become the renewable energy resources of clean and effective, serve huge numbers of families, walk out an ecological, environmental protective, be fit to China's national situation, favourable reducing farmer's burdens, the road of " biology regeneration energy resource " of the Sustainable development of promoting social stability has become the big problem on China's scientific research battle line for a long time.

In the last few years, some family expenses or small-sized biomass gasifying furnace device have appearred, as: Chinese patent ZL02277000.3 " producer ", ZL02277525.0 " shaking blanking producer ", ZL01244199.6 " family expenses stalk gasifier ", ZL200520050979.X " biomass gasifying furnace ", ZL200520050980.2 " gasifying biomass furnace igniting and gasification installation ", its structure substantially all comprises body of heater, air inlet device and cooling purifying device.Yet this technology is still not mature enough, wherein there is the problem of two keys all effectively not solved, one is the tar content height, the user just can't use continuing after using for some time, decoking mode commonly used at present has: washing decoking, Pintsch process decoking, catalysis decoking, the small-sized biomass equipment for gasification is because the low cause of running cost can't adopt washing decoking and catalysis decoking, and the Pintsch process decoking, can't the reach a high temperature temperature of cracking decoking of small-sized biomass equipment for gasification; Another is exactly that gas heating value is not high, CO content height, adopts water vapour as vaporized chemical individually, the supply control difficulty of vaporized chemical, so some product just only with air as vaporized chemical, so just reduced the content of hydrogen in the gas.

Summary of the invention

For fear of with overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the objective of the invention is at the deficiency of prior art and innovative design goes out a kind of integral design, integrated assembling, the tar problem can thoroughly solve, vaporized chemical is controlled automatically, the high a kind of circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment of hydrogen content in the combustible gas.

Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is:

Circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment mainly comprises: blower fan, the air feed pipe, secondary air channel, valve, annular gas-collecting chamber, the stove hall, bell, airway, gas-cooker, chimney, cleaner, baffle plate, body of heater, lagging material, inner bag, ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber, base, fire grate, the seat of honour, the ash chamber, ash discharging hole, recovery tube, it is characterized in that body of heater and cleaner weld together, agglomerative hot water and tar directly turn back to the bottom of burner hearth in the cleaner by recovery tube and secondary air channel, wherein, body of heater is the straight tubbiness made from steel plate, base, fire grate, inner bag, upwards put from bottom of furnace body successively at the seat of honour, fill insulant material in the gap between inner bag and the body of heater, the top of body of heater is the bell that can seal, form ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber between base and the body of heater, form annular gas-collecting chamber between the seat of honour and the body of heater, blower fan communicates with the ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber of burner hearth bottom by the air feed pipe, the bottom of ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber medial surface is provided with the eye of wind, be grey chamber below the fire grate, grey chamber is provided with ash discharging hole; Annular gas-collecting chamber is through cleaner, airway link to each other with gas-cooker excessively successively, outlet over against annular gas-collecting chamber in the cleaner is a baffle plate, airway links to each other with the air feed pipe by secondary air channel, airway is provided with chimney, chimney and secondary air channel respectively are provided with a valve, cleaner links to each other with secondary air channel by the recovery tube of its bottom, but the structure of U type fluid-tight is arranged in the middle of the recovery tube.

Described fire grate can with the base cast solid.

Preferably there are one and the mobile corresponding to inclination of direction of inflammable gas in described secondary air channel and airway junction.

Preferably respectively there is an inclination that makes progress the junction of the junction of described airway and cleaner and air feed pipe and body of heater.

For fear of polluting, stop up valve, the junction of recovery tube and secondary air channel is preferably disposed on below the valve of secondary air channel.

The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:

(1) agglomerative tar carries out pyrolytic gasification once more by the bottom that recovery tube and secondary air channel directly turn back to burner hearth in the cleaner, thoroughly solved the problem of small evaporator device tar, avoided polluting once more, in addition, tar generally occupies 10%～18% energy, by pyrolytic gasification once more, improved the effciency of energy transfer of gasification installation.

(2) agglomerative hot water directly turns back to the bottom of burner hearth in the cleaner by recovery tube and secondary air channel as one of vaporized chemical, one is to have improved the content of hydrogen in the combustible gas, another is that water by condensation in the gasification is as vaporized chemical, realize the automatic supply of water vapour, and need not additionally add water again.

(3) be provided with ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber in the stove, empty G﹠W obtains heating earlier in entering burner hearth, water was exactly the hot water of condensation in the cleaner originally, having solved water like this can not be converted into steam fully and enter burner hearth and reduce the problem of furnace temperature, vaporized chemical obtains preheating and distribution, can fully react with biomass after entering burner hearth, improve transformation efficiency, what aerogenesis became is more prone to.

(4) adopt integral design, that is: the weldering of cleaner and body of heater directly is connected together, and makes simple and beautiful structure, and red-tape operati is also simple; Adopt integrated assembling, that is: various parts are that directly to put into the stove of a tubbiness intravital in the gasification installation, have so just solved the problem of gasification installation sealing, the convenience that assembly unit in addition, maintenance also become.

(5) whole gas generation process, simple and convenient, the material selectivity is big, consumption is little, gas production rate is high, and energy-saving effect is remarkable, and in-furnace dust, slag, gas can be realized effective separation, manually slag tap and lack pitch time, the combustion gas hygiene, the calorific value height, user or dealer need not pass through strict training simultaneously, only need to carry out simple operations, can realize normal use by product description.

(6) biogas is safe and reliable, in use vapourizing furnace can be put in outdoor, institute's aerogenesis body can guide to indoor use with long airway, there is not danger such as resembling coal gas, liquefied gas etc. are explosive under storage, transportation, working conditions, easy leakage, gas is sanitation and hygiene, non smoke dust, nontoxic pollution-free in combustion processes, no negative pressure, no high temperature, the national environmental standard that meets safe in utilization, and reach more than 10 years the work-ing life of stove.

(7) low cost of manufacture, every performance all is better than biogas, overcome aerogenesis not in biogas winter, aerogenesis in summer many shortcomings such as too much, and there is not the raw material of large industrialized producer to collect difficulty, transport pressure is big, the gas storage difficulty, problems such as initial investment is big, this invention can be widely used in the rural area, outskirts of a town, samll cities and towns, small-sized dining room, small-sized restaurant, heating of booth, pouity dwelling place warming, woodworking mill, places such as Furniture Factory, can replace traditional firewood and coal range fully, the replacement liquid gasification, both having solved biomass effectively utilizes, can improve the ecological environment again, improve resident's quality of life, help to solve the rural energy problem.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, number in the figure is represented respectively: 1. ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber 2. bases 3. bodies of heater 4. lagging materials 5. inner bags 6. stove halls 7. annular gas-collecting chamber 8. seats of honour 9. bells, 10. baffle plates, 11. cleaners, 12. chimneys, 13. valves, 14. airways, 15. gas-cookers, 16. secondary air channels, 17. recovery tube, 18. valves, 19. blower fans 20. air feed pipes 21. grey chamber 22. ash discharging holes, 23. fire grates, 24. eyes of wind.

Embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, body of heater (3) is the straight tubbiness made from steel plate, base (2), fire grate (23), inner bag (5), upwards put from body of heater (3) bottom successively at the seat of honour (8), fill insulant material (4) in the gap between inner bag (5) and the body of heater (3), the top of body of heater (3) is the bell (9) that can seal, form ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) between base (2) and the body of heater (3), form annular gas-collecting chamber (7) between the seat of honour (8) and the body of heater (3), blower fan (19) communicates by the ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) of air feed pipe (20) with burner hearth (6) bottom, the bottom of ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) medial surface is provided with the eye of wind (24), below the fire grate (23) grey chamber (21), ash chamber (21) is provided with ash discharging hole (22), fire grate (23) and base (2) cast solid; Annular gas-collecting chamber (7) passes through cleaner (11) successively, airway (14) links to each other with gas-cooker (15), outlet over against annular gas-collecting chamber (7) in the cleaner (11) is a baffle plate (10), airway (14) links to each other with air feed pipe (20) by secondary air channel (16), secondary air channel (16) has one and the mobile corresponding to inclination of direction of inflammable gas with airway (14) junction, airway (14) is provided with chimney (12), chimney (12) and secondary air channel (16) respectively are provided with a valve (13), (18), cleaner (11) links to each other with secondary air channel (16) by the recovery tube (17) of its bottom, recovery tube (17) but in the middle of the structure of U type fluid-tight is arranged, the junction of recovery tube (17) and secondary air channel (16) is arranged on below the valve (18) of secondary air channel (16); Airway (14) respectively has an inclination that makes progress with the junction of cleaner (11) and the junction of air feed pipe (20) and body of heater (3).

During use, open bell (9), pyrophorus is put into burner hearth (6) to be placed on the fire grate (23) and lights, again biomass material is put into burner hearth (6), cover bell (9) and ash discharging hole (22), open blower fan (19), air enters in the burner hearth (6) by the eye of wind (24) on the ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1), behind the several minutes, fuel is by destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction waits the reaction back to produce inflammable gas, at this moment close the valve (13) on the chimney (12), institute's aerogenesis body enters cleaner (11) after annular gas-collecting chamber (7) compiles, deliver to after the purification in the gas-cooker (15) and light and can use.Biomass are in the process of anoxycausis gasification, water in the combustible gas and tar just in cleaner (11) condensation get off, enter ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) by recovery tube (17) again, water participates in gasification reaction as vaporized chemical, simultaneously tar in burner hearth by high temperature pyrolysis.

In the use, according to required gas quantity, as long as the corresponding rotating speed of regulating blower fan (19).

After cooking is finished, cut off blower fan (19), close gas-cooker, open the valve (13) on the chimney (12).

The lime-ash that is produced in the burner hearth (6) is regularly discharged by ash discharging hole (22).

Claims

1, circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment, it comprises: ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1), base (2), body of heater (3), lagging material (4), inner bag (5), stove hall (6), annular gas-collecting chamber (7), the seat of honour (8), bell (9), baffle plate (10), cleaner (11), chimney (12), valve, airway (14), gas-cooker (15), secondary air channel (16), recovery tube (17), blower fan (19), air feed pipe (20), ash chamber (21), ash discharging hole (22), fire grate (23), the eye of wind (24), it is characterized in that body of heater (3) and cleaner (11) weld together, agglomerative hot water and tar directly turn back to the bottom of burner hearth (6) in the cleaner (11) by recovery tube (17) and secondary air channel (16), wherein, body of heater (3) is the straight tubbiness made from steel plate, base (2), fire grate (23), inner bag (5), upwards put from the bottom of body of heater (3) successively at the seat of honour (8), fill insulant material (4) in the gap between inner bag (5) and the body of heater (3), the top of body of heater (3) is the bell (9) that can seal, form ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) between base (2) and the body of heater (3), form annular gas-collecting chamber (7) between the seat of honour (8) and the body of heater (3), blower fan (19) communicates by the ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) of air feed pipe (20) with burner hearth (6) bottom, the bottom of ring-shaped gasification agent preheating chamber (1) medial surface is provided with the eye of wind (24), be grey chamber (21) below the fire grate (23), grey chamber (21) are provided with ash discharging hole (22); Annular gas-collecting chamber (7) is through cleaner (11), airway (14) link to each other with gas-cooker (15) excessively successively, outlet over against annular gas-collecting chamber (7) in the cleaner (11) is a baffle plate (10), airway (14) links to each other with air feed pipe (20) by secondary air channel (16), airway (14) is provided with chimney (12), chimney (12) and secondary air channel (16) respectively are provided with a valve (13), (18), cleaner (11) links to each other with secondary air channel (16) by the recovery tube (17) of its bottom, recovery tube (17) but there is the structure of a U type fluid-tight centre.

2, circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: fire grate (23) and base (2) cast solid.

3, circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: secondary air channel (16) has one and the mobile corresponding to inclination of direction of inflammable gas with airway (14) junction.

4, circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: airway (14) respectively has an inclination that makes progress with the junction of cleaner (11) and the junction of air feed pipe (20) and body of heater (3).

5, circulating fixed bed type bio-mass gasifying equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the junction of recovery tube (17) and secondary air channel (16) is arranged on below the valve (18) of secondary air channel (16).