CN1936429A

CN1936429A - Biological-material-tall stove

Info

Publication number: CN1936429A
Application number: CNA2006100967231A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘春生
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-10-11
Filing date: 2006-10-11
Publication date: 2007-03-28

Abstract

This invention relates to a biological material ball stove including a fan, a secondary wind pipe, a valve, a flowmeter, a supply pipe, a gasification agent pipe, a loop air pre-heating chamber, a loop air conduction chamber, a stove head, a stove body, a heat preservation layer, an inner container and biological material balls, in which, the upper part of outside of the stove is a water tank made of stainless steel, the fan is connected with the loop air pre-heating chamber at the bottom of the hearth via a gasification agent pipe, the heat preservation layer, the inner container and the hearth are orderly placed in the body, a grate is under the hearth and the stove head is above it, the loop air conduction chamber is at the bottom of the head, the secondary wind pipe and the chimney are at the outside wall of the conduction chamber with a stage along the internal wall for placing a stove cover.

Description

Biological-material-tall stove

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of living beings application, refering in particular to is a kind of biological-material-tall stove.

Background technology

The heat energy of China mainly depends on natural gas, oil liquefied gas, coal, and the rural area mainly also uses faggot, stalk as heat energy because economic development is slow.And according to the statistics of International Energy Agency,, do not add restraining or waste material utilization if develop down by the present impetus, so, on the earth these three kinds of energy can have only 40 years respectively for the human time limit of exploiting, 50 years and 240 years.40 or five ten years from the angle of human history, is very very brief really.

Over the past thousands of years, the rural area utilizes traditional native kitchen range burning bavin standing grain, stalk always, has strengthened labour intensity and resource use amount, sees it is a kind of waste from face then.Though the rural area also begins to utilize coal, liquefied gas now, but is difficult to catch up with the paces in city.China soil is vast, and the living beings waste material is inexhaustible, and have only to burn and eliminate by large tracts of land, be a kind of wasting of resources like this, also damage to environment.Scientist is studying the utilization of how appreciating of this abundant waste material always.This abundant aftergrowth resource conversion of China can be become the renewable sources of energy of clean and effective, the service huge numbers of families, walk out an ecological, environmental protective, be fit to China's national situation, favourable reducing farmer's burdens, the road of " biology regeneration energy resource " of the sustainable development of promoting social stability has become the big problem on China's scientific research battle line for a long time.

In the last few years, some family expenses or small-sized biomass gasifying furnace device have appearred, yet this technology is still not mature enough, it phenomenon in use often occurs burning, and burning time is short, can not sustained combustion, air feed is impure, it is insufficient to burn, and the thermal efficiency is low, and the black furnace starting time is long, the fuel consumption is big, energy-saving effect is poor, and environmental pollution is more serious, and particularly all small-sized biomass gasifying furnaces all are to use granular, gas is difficult to derive in stove, the fly ash content height, guide pipeline easily is plugged, and flying dust mixes with the tar that is difficult to dispose again, pipeline must block up undoubtedly, disperse the granular raw material of making of peasant household also will increase extra cost, stove produces very big flue gas when work in addition, takes off this moment when lid feeds in raw material to cause flue gas to leak, the loss of existing energy, operational trouble is arranged again, cause cooking to be interrupted, even influence kitchen's physical and mental health.Therefore, a lot of gasification furnaces all are in does not work or half duty, causes peasant household's direct economic loss, so the space that still is improved in this field.

Summary of the invention

For fear of with overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the objective of the invention is at the deficiency of prior art and innovative design goes out a kind of simple in structure, cheap, easy to use, consumption is little, energy-saving effect is remarkable, sanitation and hygiene, calorific value height, security of operation, service life of equipment is long, and does not have a kind of biological-material-tall stove of smoke contamination.

The object of the present invention is achieved like this:

Biological-material-tall stove with the spherical biological-material-tall of special honeycomb as raw material, adopt steam and air as gasifying agent, produce water-gas, the biological-material-tall that special honeycomb is spherical is put in the stove to be lighted, air feed in stove, when temperature in the stove reaches 500～850 ℃, rationing steam in stove again, biological-material-tall is by destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction waits the reaction back to produce water-gas, water produced coal gas is directly in the kitchen range internal combustion on stove top, adopt secondary wind to increase the sufficient degree of water-gas burning, adopt annular wireway to join parts and gas sampling parts as secondary air separating.

Biological-material-tall stove also can adopt the spherical biological-material-tall of special honeycomb as raw material, adopt air as gasifying agent, produce coal gas, the biological-material-tall that special honeycomb is spherical is put in the stove to be lighted, air feed in stove, biological-material-tall is burnt under anaerobic condition, biological-material-tall produces coal gas by reaction backs such as destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction, institute's producing coal gas is directly in the kitchen range internal combustion on stove top, adopt secondary wind to increase the sufficient degree of gas-fired, adopt annular wireway to join parts and gas sampling parts as secondary air separating.

Its concrete device for carrying out said mainly comprises: blower fan, secondary air channel, valve, flowmeter, feed pipe, the gasifying agent pipe, the annular air preheating chamber, the eye of wind, the ash chamber, ash discharging hole, fire grate, hot-water line, water tank, cold water pipe, annular air guide chamber, burner hearth, big bell, middle bell, little bell, kitchen range, chimney, body of heater, heat-insulation layer, inner bag, biological-material-tall, wherein, the first half in the body of heater outside is the water tank of being made by stainless steel, there is cold water pipe the water tank upper end, there is hot-water line the lower end, cold water pipe and hot-water line have a valve to control the turnover of water respectively, hot-water line is connected with the gasifying agent pipe by feed pipe, feed pipe is provided with valve and flowmeter, blower fan communicates with the annular air preheating chamber of burner hearth bottom by the gasifying agent pipe, and the bottom of annular air preheating chamber medial surface is provided with the eye of wind; The inside of body of heater is heat-insulation layer, inner bag, burner hearth successively, is fire grate below the burner hearth, is grey chamber below the fire grate, and grey chamber is provided with ash discharging hole; It above the burner hearth kitchen range, the bottom of kitchen range is the annular air guide chamber that medial surface has aperture, the lateral surface of annular air guide chamber is connected with secondary air channel and chimney, and secondary air channel and chimney respectively have a valve to control their switch, are some fins above the annular air guide chamber, the interior edge of annular air guide chamber is provided with a step surface, can place big bell, the interior edge of big bell also is provided with a step surface, bell in can placing, the interior edge of middle bell also is provided with a step surface, can place little bell.

Only adopt the biological-material-tall stove of air as gasifying agent, its blower fan also can directly link to each other with the annular air preheating chamber of burner hearth bottom by the gasifying agent pipe, and be not provided with feed pipe, flowmeter, valve.

Described biological-material-tall is after being mixed according to certain ratio by living beings, clay, coal dust, water, again by specialized apparatus compacting, dry and form the spherical structure of honeycomb.

Described inner bag is fired by fire clay, and the medial surface of inner bag has some some recessed nests that vertically are provided with, and is beneficial to the derivation of gas.

The present invention compared with prior art has following outstanding advantage:

(1) adopt special biological-material-tall to replace present biological particles as gasified raw material, biological-material-tall becomes cellular as coal briquette commonly used at present, at first make stove reinforced convenient, it is more abundant to burn, secondly cellular biological-material-tall has reduced the content of flying dust greatly, and make that coal gas is easier derives from the honeybee eye, pass through the biological-material-tall of compacting once more, can make density become big, compare, only need the less type of furnace with regard to the more material of incendivity with the present living beings cooking stove that directly burns, reduce reinforced number of times, and the also concentrated easily processing of cellular biological-material-tall, commercialization production is user-friendly to.

(2) make living beings and coal mixing gasifying by special biological-material-tall, no matter from physical property and gasification performance, two kinds of materials all have complementarity, living beings volatile matter height, fixed carbon is few, be easy to the high-temperature retorting pyrolysis, and coal fixed carbon height, the ash fusion point height, be easy to burning and form high warm material layer, the two organically merges, and can to produce tar content low, the fuel gas that calorific value is high, its using value height very.

(3) be provided with the annular air preheating chamber in the stove, air obtains heating earlier in entering burner hearth, water also passes through the water tank preheating, and control by flowmeter, can also fully mix with air, having solved water can not be converted into steam fully and enter burner hearth and reduce the problem of furnace temperature, gasifying agent obtains preheating and distribution, can fully react with biological-material-tall after entering burner hearth, improve conversion ratio, what aerogenesis became is more prone to, and adopts air and steam to produce water-gas as gasifying agent, the calorific value height of institute's aerogenesis body, institute's aerogenesis body is directly in the kitchen range internal combustion on stove top, and do not need to derive, and further reduced heat loss, also design the supply of secondary wind, also helped the abundant burning of institute's aerogenesis body.

(4) whole gas generation process, simple and convenient, the material selectivity is big, consumption is little, gas production is high, and energy-saving effect is remarkable, the efficiency of utilization height, safe and reliable, there are not danger such as resembling coal gas, liquefied gas etc. are explosive under storage, transportation, service condition, easy leakage, biological-material-tall sanitation and hygiene, non smoke dust, nontoxic pollution-free in combustion process, no negative pressure, no high temperature, the national environmental standard that meets safe in utilization, and reach more than 10 years the service life of stove.

(5) feedstock production is simple, and the source is abundant: coal dust can use anthracite, ub-bituminous coal, meager coal, jet coal, brown coal etc., and coal distributes extensively in China, reserves are abundant; Biomass material can be all combustibles, can change into a kind of high-quality fuel gas as agricultural crop straw (as corncob, corn stalk, big beanstalk, cotton stalk, rice husk etc.), agriculture and forestry organic waste material (as firewood, branch, leaf, wood chip, edible fungi residues etc.) etc., effective utilization rate of energy is up to more than 80%, and the biological fuel gas raw material is annual renewable resource, desirable everywhere, raw material is zero cost almost.

(6) low cost of manufacture, every performance all is better than biogas, overcome aerogenesis not in biogas winter, aerogenesis in summer many shortcomings such as too much, and there is not the raw material of large industrialized producer to collect difficulty, transport pressure is big, the gas storage difficulty, problems such as initial investment is big, this invention can be widely used in the rural area, outskirts of a town, samll cities and towns, small-sized dining room, small-sized restaurant, heating of booth, pouity dwelling place warming, woodworking mill, places such as Furniture Factory, can replace traditional firewood and coal range fully, the replacement liquid gasification, both having solved living beings effectively utilizes, can improve the ecological environment again, improve resident's quality of life, help to solve the rural energy problem.

Description of drawings

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention one;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention two;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of kitchen range of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of inner bag of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of biological-material-tall of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, number in the figure is represented respectively: 1. bell 29. fins 30. ports cover 31. apertures in 19. kitchen ranges, 20. burner hearths, 21. inner bags, 22. heat-insulation layers, 23. bodies of heater, 24. valves, 25. chimneys, 26. biological-material-talls, the 27. big bells 28. of 4. eyes of wind, 5. annular air preheating chambers, 6. gasifying agent pipes, 7. feed pipes, 8. flowmeters, 9. valves, 10. secondary air channels, 11. blower fans, 12. hot-water lines, 13. valves, 14. water tanks, 15. cold water pipes, 16. valves, 17. valves annular air guide chambers 18., fire grate 2. ash discharging holes grey chamber 3..

The specific embodiment

As shown in Figure 1, the first half in body of heater (23) outside is the water tank of being made by stainless steel (14), there is cold water pipe (16) water tank (14) upper end, there is hot-water line (13) lower end, cold water pipe (16) and hot-water line (13) have a valve (15) respectively, (12) control the turnover of water, hot-water line (13) is connected with gasifying agent pipe (6) by feed pipe (7), feed pipe (7) is provided with valve (9) and flowmeter (8), blower fan (11) communicates by the annular air preheating chamber (5) of gasifying agent pipe (6) with burner hearth (20) bottom, and the bottom of annular air preheating chamber (5) medial surface is provided with the eye of wind (4); The inside of body of heater (23) is heat-insulation layer (22), inner bag (21), burner hearth (20) successively, is fire grate (1) below the burner hearth (20), is grey chamber (3) below the fire grate (1), and grey chamber (3) are provided with ash discharging hole (2).

As shown in Figure 2, blower fan (11) by gasifying agent pipe (6) directly the annular air preheating chamber (5) bottom burner hearth (20) directly link to each other and be not provided with feed pipe (7), flowmeter (8), valve (9).

As shown in Figure 3, above the burner hearth (20) kitchen range (19), the bottom of kitchen range (19) is the annular air guide chamber (18) that medial surface has aperture (31), the lateral surface of annular air guide chamber (18) is connected with secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25), secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25) respectively have a valve (17), (24) control their switch, above the annular air guide chamber (18) is some fins (29), the interior edge of annular air guide chamber (18) is provided with a step surface, can place big bell (27), the interior edge of big bell (27) also is provided with a step surface, bell in can placing (28), the interior edge of middle bell (28) also is provided with a step surface, can place little bell (30).

As shown in Figure 4, inner bag (21) is fired by fire clay, and the medial surface of inner bag (21) has some some recessed nests that vertically are provided with, and is beneficial to the derivation of gas.

As shown in Figure 5, biological-material-tall (26) is after being mixed according to certain ratio by living beings, clay, coal dust, water, again by specialized apparatus compacting, dry and form the spherical structure of honeycomb.

During use, topped up with water in the water tank (14), open the valve (24) on the chimney (25), fire-lighter is put into burner hearth (20) to be placed on the fire grate (1) and lights, again biological-material-tall (26) is put into burner hearth (20), cover ash discharging hole (2), open blower fan (1), air enters in the burner hearth (20) by the eye of wind on the annular air preheating chamber (5), after a few minutes, fuel is by destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction waits the reaction back to produce fuel gas, at this moment close the valve on the chimney (25), institute's aerogenesis body in the biological-material-tall (26) the hole and the recessed nest of inner bag (21) collect in kitchen range (19) internal combustion, can provide secondary wind to improve the adequacy of burning in kitchen range (19) by control valve (17) this moment, meanwhile biological-material-tall is in the process of anoxycausis gasification, water in the water tank (14) just has been heated, and can also open valve (9), can be to gasifying agent pipe (6) hot-water supply, improving the calorific value of institute's aerogenesis, and can control the flow of hot water by flowmeter (8).

In the use, according to required coal gas amount, can regulate the rotating speed of blower fan (11) accordingly, also bell (27), middle bell (28), little bell (30) are used in combination greatly.

In the use, also can open valve (13) and obtain certain hot water.

After cooking is finished, cut off blower fan (11), close each gas-fired equipment, open the valve on the chimney (25).

The lime-ash that is produced in the burner hearth (20) is regularly discharged by ash discharging hole (2), or takes out from fire door.

Claims

1, biological-material-tall stove, it is characterized in that: biological-material-tall stove with the spherical biological-material-tall of special honeycomb (26) as raw material, adopt steam and air as gasifying agent, produce water-gas, the biological-material-tall that special honeycomb is spherical (26) is put in the stove and lights, air feed in stove, when temperature in the stove reaches 500～850 ℃, rationing steam in stove again, biological-material-tall (26) is by destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction waits the reaction back to produce water-gas, water produced coal gas adopts secondary wind to increase the sufficient degree of water-gas burning directly in kitchen range (29) internal combustion on stove top, adopts annular wireway (18) to join parts and gas sampling parts as secondary air separating.

2, biological-material-tall stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: biological-material-tall stove adopts the spherical biological-material-tall (26) of special honeycomb as raw material, adopt air as gasifying agent, produce coal gas, the biological-material-tall that special honeycomb is spherical (26) is put in the stove and lights, air feed in stove, biological-material-tall is burnt under anaerobic condition, biological-material-tall (26) is by destructive distillation, pyrolysis, gasification, reduction waits the reaction back to produce coal gas, institute's producing coal gas is directly in kitchen range (29) internal combustion on stove top, adopt secondary wind to increase the sufficient degree of gas-fired, adopt annular wireway (18) to join parts and gas sampling parts as secondary air separating.

3, biological-material-tall stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: it comprises: blower fan (11), secondary air channel (10), valve (9), flowmeter (8), feed pipe (7), gasifying agent pipe (6), annular air preheating chamber (5), the eye of wind (4), ash chamber (3), ash discharging hole (2), fire grate (1), hot-water line (13), water tank (14), cold water pipe (16), annular air guide chamber (18), burner hearth (20), big bell (27), middle bell (28), little bell (30), kitchen range (19), chimney (25), body of heater (23), heat-insulation layer (22), inner bag (21), biological-material-tall (26), valve, it is characterized in that: the first half in body of heater (23) outside is the water tank of being made by stainless steel (14), there is cold water pipe (16) water tank (14) upper end, there is hot-water line (13) lower end, cold water pipe (16) and hot-water line (13) have a valve (15) respectively, (12) control the turnover of water, hot-water line (13) is connected with gasifying agent pipe (6) by feed pipe (7), feed pipe (7) is provided with valve (9) and flowmeter (8), blower fan (11) communicates by the annular air preheating chamber (5) of gasifying agent pipe (6) with burner hearth (20) bottom, and the bottom of annular air preheating chamber (5) medial surface is provided with the eye of wind (4); The inside of body of heater (23) is heat-insulation layer (22) successively, inner bag (21), burner hearth (20), it below the burner hearth (20) fire grate (1), below the fire grate (1) grey chamber (3), ash chamber (3) is provided with ash discharging hole (2), above the burner hearth (20) kitchen range (19), the bottom of kitchen range (19) is the annular air guide chamber (18) that medial surface has aperture (31), the lateral surface of annular air guide chamber (18) is connected with secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25), secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25) respectively have a valve (17), (24) control their switch, above the annular air guide chamber (18) is some fins (29), the interior edge of annular air guide chamber (18) is provided with a step surface, can place big bell (27), the interior edge of big bell (27) also is provided with a step surface, bell in can placing (28), the interior edge of middle bell (28) also is provided with a step surface, can place little bell (30).

4, biological-material-tall stove according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: it comprises: blower fan (11), secondary air channel (10), gasifying agent pipe (6), annular air preheating chamber (5), the eye of wind (4), ash chamber (3), ash discharging hole (2), fire grate (1), hot-water line (13), water tank (14), cold water pipe (16), annular air guide chamber (18), burner hearth (20), big bell (27), middle bell (28), little bell (30), kitchen range (19), chimney (25), body of heater (23), heat-insulation layer (22), inner bag (21), biological-material-tall (26), valve, it is characterized in that: the first half in body of heater (23) outside is the water tank of being made by stainless steel (14), there is cold water pipe (16) water tank (14) upper end, there is hot-water line (13) lower end, cold water pipe (16) and hot-water line (13) have a valve (15) respectively, (12) control the turnover of water, blower fan (11) communicates by the annular air preheating chamber (5) of gasifying agent pipe (6) with burner hearth (20) bottom, and the bottom of annular air preheating chamber (5) medial surface is provided with the eye of wind (4); The inside of body of heater (23) is heat-insulation layer (22) successively, inner bag (21), burner hearth (20), it below the burner hearth (20) fire grate (1), below the fire grate (1) grey chamber (3), ash chamber (3) is provided with ash discharging hole (2), above the burner hearth (20) kitchen range (19), the bottom of kitchen range (19) is the annular air guide chamber (18) that medial surface has aperture (31), the lateral surface of annular air guide chamber (18) is connected with secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25), secondary air channel (10) and chimney (25) respectively have a valve (17), (24) control their switch, above the annular air guide chamber (18) is some fins (29), the interior edge of annular air guide chamber (18) is provided with a step surface, can place big bell (27), the interior edge of big bell (27) also is provided with a step surface, bell in can placing (28), the interior edge of middle bell (28) also is provided with a step surface, can place little bell (30).

5, according to claim 1,2 described biological-material-tall stoves, it is characterized in that: biological-material-tall (26) is after being mixed according to certain ratio by living beings, clay, coal dust, water, again by specialized apparatus compacting, dry and form the spherical structure of honeycomb.

6, according to claim 3,4 described biological-material-tall stoves, it is characterized in that: inner bag (21) is fired by fire clay.

7, biological-material-tall stove according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the medial surface of inner bag (21) has some some recessed nests that vertically are provided with, and is beneficial to the derivation of gas.