CN1964837A - 包含金属线和非金属纤维的纺织制品以及包含这种纺织制品的半成品板材 - Google Patents

包含金属线和非金属纤维的纺织制品以及包含这种纺织制品的半成品板材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1964837A
CN1964837A CNA2005800181025A CN200580018102A CN1964837A CN 1964837 A CN1964837 A CN 1964837A CN A2005800181025 A CNA2005800181025 A CN A2005800181025A CN 200580018102 A CN200580018102 A CN 200580018102A CN 1964837 A CN1964837 A CN 1964837A
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metallic fibers
textile fabrics
metal wire
fiber
layer
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CN100556672C (zh
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K-L·布伦特鲁普
H·迪特马
E·洛克雷
J·加朗斯
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Bekaert NV SA
Quadrant Plastic Composites AG
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Bekaert NV SA
Quadrant Plastic Composites AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/88—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced
    • B29C70/882—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding
    • B29C70/885—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts characterised primarily by possessing specific properties, e.g. electrically conductive or locally reinforced partly or totally electrically conductive, e.g. for EMI shielding with incorporated metallic wires, nets, films or plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
    • B29B15/122—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length with a matrix in liquid form, e.g. as melt, solution or latex
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/02—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising combinations of reinforcements, e.g. non-specified reinforcements, fibrous reinforcing inserts and fillers, e.g. particulate fillers, incorporated in matrix material, forming one or more layers and with or without non-reinforced or non-filled layers
    • B29C70/021—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material
    • B29C70/023—Combinations of fibrous reinforcement and non-fibrous material with reinforcing inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/202—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in a single direction, e.g. roofing or other parallel fibres arranged in parallel planes or structures of fibres crossing at substantial angles, e.g. cross-moulding compound [XMC]
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
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    • B29C70/506—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands and impregnating by melting a solid material, e.g. sheet, powder, fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
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    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/16—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating synthetic threads
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Abstract

作为本发明主题的纺织制品包含至少一个非金属纤维层和金属线。这种织物的特征在于金属线借助缝迹结合到非金属纤维层。

Description

包含金属线和非金属纤维的纺织制品 以及包含这种纺织制品的半成品板材
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包含金属线和非金属纤维的纺织制品以及包含这种纺织制品的半成品板材，这种板材可以被模模制成具有高耐冲击性的部件。
背景技术
耐冲击的模制部件例如减震梁通常由包含热塑性聚合物基体和增强纤维(尤其是单方向性的玻璃纤维粗纱或玻璃纤维机织物)的模制半成品板材制成。然而，已经知道在许多情况下这种部件不能够充分地抵抗冲击，尤其是在高速的情况下。
已经尝试在模制部件中引入另外的增强材料，例如像钢线这样的金属元件。
US5290079中描述了一种减震梁，它的壁由具有密封的玻璃纤维的热塑树脂形成，而且该热塑树脂还可包含加强的韧性金属线网。这种减震梁需要供应昂贵的二维金属网格。
相似的，WO03/076234A1中描述了一种包含聚合物基体和金属线的减震梁。聚合物基体可以包含随机的、短切的、单方向性的玻璃纤维，甚至以机织物的形式呈现，或者是上述这些类型的结合。在优选的实施例中，聚合物基体板材和金属线或带被直接地模制在一起形成减震梁。
US2002/0182961A1中描述了一种包含钢线和热塑性聚合物材料的织物，而且还可包含玻璃纤维。在一个实施例中，织物中的钢线平行排列。成形的制品可以由这种织物通过例如挤压成形加工形成。
然而，已经知道在挤压成形加工中，平行的钢线扭曲以致失去它们的平行排列，或者与流动的聚合物一起移动而在形成的聚合物制品中定位于不希望钢线出现的位置处。这种移动和扭曲导致成形的制品的机械性能显著地降低。钢线的不受控制的流动还导致部件具有很低的产品一致性，这使得这样的部件无法用于批量的工业生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种克服现有技术缺陷的包含金属线和非金属纤维的纺织制品。本发明的目的还在于提供一种纺织制品，当用作压模聚合物制品的增强元件时该纺织制品减少或解决在挤压过程中线移动的问题。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种包含克服现有技术缺陷的纺织制品的半成品板材，该纺织制品含有金属线和非金属纤维。本发明的目的还在于提供一种包含纺织制品的半成品板材，当用作压模聚合物制品的增强元件时该板材减少或解决在挤压过程中线移动的问题。
作为本发明主题的纺织制品包含金属线和至少一个非金属纤维层。这种纺织制品的特征在于金属线借助缝迹结合到该非金属纤维层。
缝迹可以通过例如使用刺绣工艺而将金属线缝合到非金属纤维层来提供。可替代的，缝迹可以这样提供，即例如在使用马利莫或阿拉克尼生产工艺(Malimo-or Arachne production process)通过穿过非金属纤维层进行针织时。
非金属纤维层可以是非金属纤维的机织织物、非织造织物或针织物。
可替代的，基本平行的纤维粗纱束或者基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束可以被用作基本平行的纤维层来代替非织造织物或其它的以阿拉克尼工艺(Arachne-process)生产的纺织制品。
术语“织物”被理解为由纤维和/或纱线通过各种方式例如织造、针织、簇绒、毡化、编织或粘合集合在一起形成的制成基本平面结构的网，从而给予这种结构足够的强度和其它应用所需要的其它性能。
术语“纺织制品”被理解为一种或多种织物和/或纱线的结合，它们机械和/或化学地相互连接到一起，但是该纺织制品具有与织物的性能相似的性能。
可能的是，附加的纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束可以与金属线线性混合。这种非金属纤维和金属线的混合被缝合或针织到至少一个非金属纤维层。
可替代的，在纺织制品中形成至少一个非金属纤维层的纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束可以交叉结合到金属线。作为一个例子，金属线的方向可以与纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的纤维带或丝束的方向相差90度。可能的是，附加的纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的纤维带或丝束可以与金属线线性混合，这种混合接着被交叉结合到纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束的非金属纤维层。
作为一个例子，作为本发明主题的纺织制品，金属线可以作为经线和/或纬线嵌在经编针织物中。
非金属纤维层可以作为基本平行的非金属纤维的纤维纱或带或丝束被提供，这些束在经编针织物中沿垂直于金属线的方向嵌入。
作为本发明主题的纺织制品的优点在于，当它被用于提供包含这样的纺织制品的聚合物制品时，在压模加工的过程中金属线被保持在适当的位置。它们不会扭曲或与融化的聚合物材料一起移动。
金属线可以都相互基本平行，或作为两组或多组金属线，其中一组的所有金属线之间相互基本平行。第一组金属线可以相对于第二组金属线倾斜一个角度θ，该角度优选在10到170度的范围内，例如作为例子的90度。
用于作为本发明主题的冲击梁的金属线优选为能够吸收相对较高量的冲击能量的类型，但是也可以使用其它的金属线。
这里的例子为：
——多束金属线例如m×n类型的，也就是含m束的金属线，每束n根金属丝，例如4×7×0.10或3×3×0.18，最后的数字是每根金属丝的直径，单位为毫米。
——紧密的金属线例如1×n类型的，也就是金属线包含n根金属丝，n大于8，这些金属丝只在一个方向以单个步骤加捻为紧密的横截面，例如1×9×0.18或1×12×0.18，最后的数字是每根金属丝的直径，单位为毫米。
——分层的金属线例如1+m(+n)类型的，也就是具有由m根金属丝的层围绕并可能还由另一个n根金属丝的层围绕的l根金属丝的芯的金属线，例如2+4×0.18，最后的数字是每根金属丝的直径，单位为毫米。
——单束金属线例如1×m类型的，也就是金属线包含以单个步骤加捻的m根金属丝，m从2到6，例如1×4×0.25，最后的数字是每根金属丝的直径，单位为毫米。
——开放的金属线例如m+n类型的，也就是m根平行的金属丝被n根金属丝所围绕的金属线，例如US-A-4408444中公开的，例如2+2×0.25，最后的数字是每根金属丝的直径，单位为毫米。
上面所描述的所有的金属线可以配备有一个或多个螺旋缠绕的金属丝以增加聚合物基体中的金属线的机械结合，和/或聚集n根单独的平行的卷曲或不卷曲但塑性变形的金属丝(如果金属线使用这种平行的金属丝)。
然而优选地，在本发明的上下文中使用的金属线可以是在断裂时具有高伸长的金属线，也就是伸长超过4％例如伸长介于5％和10％之间。高伸长的金属线具有更强的吸收能量的能力。
这样的金属线为：
——高伸长或可伸长的金属线(高伸长线)，也就是具有高捻度的多束或单束金属线(如果是多束金属线：束中加捻的方向与线中的束的加捻方向相同：SS或ZZ，这就是所谓的同向捻法)以得到具有所需要的弹性能力的弹性金属线，一个例子为3×7×0.22的高伸长金属线，其中SS方向上的捻距(lay length)为4.5mm和8mm；
——或者经受应力减小处理的金属线，例如像EP-A1-0790349中公开的，一个例子为2×0.33+6×0.33的SS金属线。
——作为可替代的或除高伸长金属线之外的，金属线可以由一根或多根塑性变形波曲状的金属丝组成。这种波曲状特性附加的增加伸长率。波曲状图案的一个例子是螺旋或空间卷曲的，如WO-A1-99/28547中公开的。
按照作为本发明主题的冲击梁所需要的性能，所有的金属线可以相同，或者可替代的，不同的金属线可以被用于提供冲击梁。
用于供给这些金属线的金属元件可以具有直径，金属元件的径向横截面的直径等于或大于100μm，更加优选的大于125μm例如大于150μm甚至大于175μm。所有金属线的金属元件可以具有相同的直径，或者金属元件的直径相互之间不同。优选地，金属线的光学直径大于200μm，或者甚至大于250μm，例如大于300μm或更大。金属线的光学直径被理解为围绕金属线的径向横截面的最小的虚拟圆的直径。
最优选地，钢线被用于提供作为本发明主题的冲击梁。目前已经知道钢合金可以被用于供应钢线。优选地，钢线经受应力减小热处理，例如通过将钢线穿过一定长度的高频或中频感应线圈，这个长度适应于生产过程中钢线的速度。已经注意到，一定的时间段内增加温度超过400摄氏度，钢线的抗拉强度下降(下降接近10％)，但是同时，钢线断裂前的塑性伸长可以增加超过6％。这样的钢线此后被称为应力减小钢线。
或者，金属线可以用聚合物涂层覆盖，例如聚烯烃、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛树脂、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺的层。
非金属纤维优选为玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维、碳纤维、矿物纤维例如玄武纤维、或者天然纤维例如亚麻或大麻。非金属纤维可以与聚合物纤维例如聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维、聚缩醛纤维、聚砜纤维、聚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维或聚醚酰亚胺纤维混合。
非金属纤维可以与聚合物纤维例如聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维、聚缩醛纤维、聚砜纤维、聚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维或聚醚酰亚胺纤维混合。
金属线使用纱线结合到非金属纤维层上，该纱线优选由玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维或热塑性聚酯纤维或者这些纤维的结合制得。
可以有超过一个的非金属纤维层借助缝迹结合到金属线。作为替代，纺织制品可以包含叠置于缝合有金属线的非金属纤维层的附加纤维层。
本发明的另一主题是提供一种包含聚合物基体和本发明主题的纺织制品的半成品板材，该纺织制品包含金属线和至少一个非金属纤维层，借助缝迹将金属线结合到此至少一个非金属纤维层上。非金属纤维优选由玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维碳纤维、矿物纤维例如玄武纤维、或天然纤维例如亚麻或大麻。非金属纤维可以与聚合物纤维例如聚烯烃纤维、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯纤维、聚碳酸酯纤维、聚缩醛纤维、聚砜纤维、聚醚酮纤维、聚酰亚胺纤维或聚醚酰亚胺纤维混合。
对于聚合物基体，所有的热塑可模制的聚合物都适合，例如聚烯烃、聚酰胺、线型聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺。尤其优选熔融指数MFI(2.16kg/210℃)介于20和300g/10分钟的聚合物，优选均聚丙烯以及丙稀和顺式丁烯二酸酐或丙烯酸的接枝共聚物。这同样适用于混合纤维形式的热塑性聚合物和混合的织物。
这种聚合物基体可以借助使用双带工艺融化浸渍而提供给纺织制品。纺织制品在一定温度(优选在所使用的聚合物基体的融化温度以上)被层压以得到增强纤维(也就是金属纤维和非金属纤维)的充分浸渍。
作为替代，尤其对于具有高融化粘度或在氧气下低的热稳定性的热塑性的聚合物基体，聚合物基体可以由聚合物基体材料制成的纤维与非金属纤维和/或金属线混合引入。混合可以通过混合聚合物材料制成的纤维和非金属纤维实现，或者通过织造由聚合物材料制成的纤维和非金属纤维制成的混合织物的织造来实现。
由聚合物材料制成的纤维接着以双带压制的方式被融化，由此得到的融化聚合物基体接着被用于浸渍非金属纤维和金属线，这与熔融挤出工艺的情况相似。
纺织制品可以根据实际应用的需要叠置附加的非金属纤维层，该非金属例如为玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维、碳纤维、矿物纤维例如玄武纤维、或天然纤维例如亚麻纤维或大麻。这些附加的层也可以包含定向纤维或非定向纤维，后者此后被称为“无规则分布层”。
这些附加的非金属纤维层(可能无规则分布层也可以被融化浸渍或可替代的包含由聚烯烃、聚酰胺、热塑性聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺和聚醚酰亚胺造出的聚合物基体材料选出的纤维，而且这根据实际应用的需要达到所需要的量。在此情况下，无规则分布层可以混合由梳理或气流工艺制得的纤维网。
优选地，作为本发明主题的半成品板材包含聚合物基体和纺织制品，该纺织制品含有纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束，以在纺织制品中提供至少一个非金属纤维层，该非金属纤维层与金属线交叉结合。作为一个例子，金属线的方向可以与纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束的方向相差90度。可能的是，附加的基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束可以与金属线线性混合，这种混合物接着被交叉结合到一个或多个非金属纤维层的纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束上。
作为一个例子，作为本发明主题的纺织制品，金属线可以作为经线和/或纬线嵌在经编针织物中。
非金属纤维层可以作为基本平行的纤维粗纱束、基本平行的非金属纤维的带或丝束被提供，这些在经编针织物中沿垂直于金属线的方向嵌入。
当作为本发明主题的半成品板材被用来提供包含这种纺织制品的聚合物制品时，在压模加工的过程中金属线被保持在适当位置。它们不会扭曲或与融化的聚合物材料一起移动。此外，由于半成品板材的聚合物基体的机械或化学稳定性，与在相同的压模加工中直接使用本发明主题的纺织制品相比，在半成品板材的生产过程中金属线和非金属纤维可以被更加容易地调整。半成品板材中与其它的定向或无规则层的结合允许特制的板材的生产符合最终的模制品的需求。
附图说明
本发明将参照附图作更加详细的说明，附图中：
图1a和图1b示意性示出了作为本发明主题的织物。
图2a和图2b示意性示出了作为本发明主题的可供选择的织物。
图3a和图3b示意性示出了作为本发明主题的可供选择的织物。
图4、图5、图6和图7示意性示出了作为本发明主题的提供半成品板材的方法。
图8和图9用示意性示出了作为本发明主题的半成品板材。
具体实施方式
按照本发明的纺织制品100的第一实施例用示意图在图1a和1b中示出，这两个图是纺织制品100的侧视图(图1a)和俯视图(图1b)。
非金属纤维层101是由1200到2400特克斯的玻璃纤维粗纱制得的机织织物，其纤维直径为15到20μm、重量介于200到2000g/m2之间。可以使用PP相容的上浆。作为替代，纤维粗纱或纱线包含与机织织物的玻璃纤维相邻接的PET或芳族聚酰胺纤维。不同纤维的这种结合可以在机织织物中通过使用混合的纤维粗纱或相互分离使用的纤维粗纱被提供。
纺织制品100还包括金属线102，其为0.20+18×0.175类型的紧密的线，这被理解为包含直径为0.2mm的芯丝的线，18根直径为0.175mm的金属丝围绕该芯丝以尽可能紧密的方式加捻，如在图1中所示。
非金属纤维层101和金属线102借助缝迹103相互结合在一起，该缝迹103由缝纫操作使用细度为40到100特克斯、优选为60到80特克斯的玻璃纤维纱或者PET或芳族聚酰胺纤维纱的缝纫线104而提供。
缝迹长度105可以在很大的范围内选择，但是优选在2mm到10mm的范围内，例如4mm。
金属线102以基本平行排列的方式被定位在纺织制品100中。根据纺织制品100性能的需要，相邻的金属线之间的距离可以在很大的范围内变化。相邻的线之间的距离可以全都相同，或者可以在纺织制品100的表面上变化。
如在图1a和图1b中所示，所有的金属线102都被定位在非金属纤维层101的相同侧。作为替代，没有在图1a和图1b中示出，一些金属线可以位于非金属纤维层的一侧，而其它的金属线位于非金属纤维层的相对侧。
作为本发明主题的可替代的纺织制品用示意性示出在图2a和图2b中，这两个图是经编针织纺织制品200或通过“阿拉克尼(arachne-process)”或“马利莫(malimo-process)”工艺得到的纺织制品的工艺正面视图(图2a)和工艺反面视图(图2b)。
纺织制品200包含在纺织制品200的生产方向或者所谓的经向方向上的金属线201、以及在垂直于经向方向的方向上的玻璃纤维粗纱202。所有的粗纱一起给纺织制品200提供非金属纤维层。将金属线201结合到非金属纤维层的缝迹203是使用作为细度为40到100特克斯、优选为60到80特克斯的玻璃纤维纱或者PET或芳族聚酰胺纤维纱的缝接纱204制得的。很清楚，金属线的方向与纤维粗纱202的方向相差90度。
这个实施例中使用的纤维粗纱为1200到2400特克斯的玻璃纤维粗纱，纤维直径为15到20μm。PP相容的上浆可以被使用。作为替代，纤维粗纱或纱线包含与非金属纤维层101的玻璃纤维相邻接的PET或芳族聚酰胺纤维。不同纤维的这种结合可以通过使用混合的纤维粗纱或相互分离使用的纤维粗纱而提供。
这个实施例的金属线为0.2+18×0.175类型的紧密的黄铜涂层钢线。
容易理解纤维粗纱和金属线的选择可能不同，由此提供作为本发明主题的的纺织制品的可替代的实施例具有其它的机械和物理性能。
可替代的，通过用这种非金属纤维粗纱替换一些金属线或通过在金属线中加入附加的纤维粗纱，可以在金属线的方向上提供非金属纤维粗纱或纱线。
在图3a和图3b中示意性示出，作为本发明主题的纺织制品300的两个侧面被提供。对于如图1a和图1b中的同样的非金属纤维层和金属线的结合，附加的金属线在纺织制品的第二侧被提供。位于纺织制品第一侧的金属线301和位于纺织制品第二侧的金属线302相互之间倾斜一个角度θ。所有的金属线使用与图1a和图1b中所示相同的纱线缝到非金属纤维层303。
图4中示出了提供作为本发明主题的半成品板材400的方法。
聚合物基体403通过聚合物基体材料的挤出而在纺织制品401的一侧或两侧(如所示)被提供。这种结合被提供给双带压制机402。在压制过程中，迫使聚合物基体403浸渍纺织制品401。由于这个原因，聚合物基体和纺织制品可以在该方法的第一部分中被加热(用404表示)。为了凝固聚合物基体，浸渍有聚合物基体的纺织制品被冷却(用405表示)。在双带压制操作的过程中在聚合物基体和纺织制品的两侧使用辊406和带407来施加压力。在双带加工的最后，作为本发明主题的半成品板材400被得到，其可以被卷绕成卷或(如所示)借助适合的切割装置408切成所希望的长度。
如图5中所示，代替通过挤压操作，聚合物基体作为聚合物带501被供给纺织制品400。所有其它的步骤如图4中描述的。作为替代，如图6中所示，在作为本发明主题的纺织制品401和聚合物带501之间可以提供附加的非金属纤维的单向的层、无规则取向的层或附加的机织、针织或非织造层(这些层用601表示)。所有其它的步骤如图4中描述的。
容易理解也可以在通过如图4中所示的挤压提供聚合物基体时提供这些附加的层601。
作为另一选择，使包含金属线、与金属线结合的非金属纤维层、以及聚合物基体纤维的作为本发明主题的纺织制品701经受双带加工704。容易理解，在应用双带压制操作之前，附加的纤维层(702、703)可以被提供给作为本发明主题的纺织制品701，所述附加的纤维层的纤维是可能混有聚合物基体纤维的非金属纤维。
由上面所描述的方法所得到的作为本发明主题的半成品板材(800、900)在图8和图9中用示意性示出。
在图8中，半成品板材的横向截面被示出，其包含嵌入在聚合物基体层802中的作为本发明主题的纺织制品801。聚合物基体优选是聚丙烯(PP)，但是也可以选择聚烯烃、聚酰胺、线型聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛树脂、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺。半成品板材的厚度803优选在1mm到6mm的范围内，例如为3mm。
在图9中，半成品板材的横向截面被示出，其包含嵌入在聚合物基体层902中的作为本发明主题的两个纺织制品901。优选这两个纺织制品901以与金属线所在的面相似的方式相互面对着被提供。聚合物基体优选是聚丙烯(PP)，但是也可以选择聚烯烃、聚酰胺、线型聚酯、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛树脂、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺。除了作为本发明主题的纺织制品901以外，半成品板材900包含附加的非金属纤维层903和904，这两层具有根据半成品板材900的需要所选择的性能。作为例子，这种附加层903和904是单向的纤维层、无规则取向的纤维层、或者单向的纤维层和无规则取向的纤维层的结合。这种层的总纤维重量可以是900g/m2，其中单向纤维和无规则取向纤维的比率可以从300g/m2的单向纤维和600g/m2的无规则取向纤维到600g/m2的单向纤维和300g/m2的无规则取向纤维变化。

Claims (33)

1、一种纺织制品，包含至少一个非金属纤维层，所述纺织制品还包含金属线，其特征在于，所述金属线借助缝迹结合到所述非金属纤维层。
2、如权利要求1所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述缝迹通过缝纫或针织穿过所述至少一个非金属纤维层而形成。
3、如权利要求1到2中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，附加的非金属纤维与金属线线性混合。
4、如权利要求1到3中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层是基本平行的非金属纤维的层。
5、如权利要求1到4中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层包含纤维粗纱束或基本平行的非金属纤维带或基本平行的非金属纤维的丝束。
6、如权利要求4到5中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述的金属线交叉结合到所述纤维粗纱束或基本平行的非金属纤维带或基本平行的非金属纤维的丝束。
7、如权利要求6所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述纺织制品中的所述金属线的方向与所述纺织制品中的所述非金属纤维带的方向相差90度。
8、如权利要求1到7中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述纺织制品是经编针织物。
9、如权利要求1到2中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层是机织织物、非织造织物或针织物。
10、如权利要求1到9中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述金属线相互之间基本平行。
11、如权利要求1到9中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述金属线包括第一组和第二组，所述第一组的所述金属线相互之间基本平行，所述第二组的所述金属线相对于所述第一组的所述金属线倾斜一个角度θ。
12、如权利要求1到11中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述金属线是钢线。
13、如权利要求1到12中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述非金属纤维是玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维、碳纤维、玄武纤维、亚麻纤维、大麻纤维、矿物纤维或天然纤维。
14、如权利要求1到13中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述非金属纤维与由聚烯烃、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯纤维、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺制得的聚合物纤维混合。
15、如权利要求1到14中任一所述的纺织制品，其特征在于，所述缝迹使用包含玻璃纤维、热塑性聚酯、芳族聚酰胺纤维或聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维的纱线制成。
16、一种半成品板材，包含聚合物基体和纺织制品，所述纺织制品包含至少一个非金属纤维层，所述的纺织制品还包含金属线，其特征在于，所述的金属线借助缝迹结合到所述非金属纤维层。
17、如权利要求16所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述的缝迹被缝纫或针织穿过所述至少一个非金属纤维层。
18、如权利要求16到17中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，附加的非金属纤维与金属线线性混合。
19、如权利要求16到17中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层是基本平行的非金属纤维的层。
20、如权利要求16到19中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层包含纤维粗纱束或基本平行的非金属纤维带或基本平行的非金属纤维的丝束。
21、如权利要求19到20中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述的金属线交叉结合到所述纤维粗纱束或基本平行的非金属纤维带或基本平行的非金属纤维的丝束。
22、如权利要求21所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述纺织制品中的所述金属线的方向与所述纺织制品中的所述非金属纤维带的方向相差90度。
23、如权利要求16到22中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述的纺织制品是经编针织物。
24、如权利要求16到17中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述至少一个非金属纤维层是机织织物、非织造织物或针织物。
25、如权利要求16到24中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述金属线相互之间基本平行。
26、如权利要求16到24中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述金属线包括第一组和第二组，所述第一组的所述金属线相互之间基本平行，所述第二组的所述金属线相对于所述第一组的所述金属线倾斜一个角度θ。
27、如权利要求16到26中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述金属线是钢线。
28、如权利要求16到27中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述非金属纤维是玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维、碳纤维、玄武纤维、亚麻纤维、大麻纤维、矿物纤维或天然纤维。
29、如权利要求16到28任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述非金属纤维与由聚烯烃、聚酰胺纤维、热塑性聚酯纤维、聚碳酸酯、聚缩醛、聚砜、聚醚酮、聚酰亚胺或聚醚酰亚胺制得的聚合物纤维混合。
30、如权利要求16到29中任一所述的半成品板材，其特征在于，所述缝迹使用包含玻璃纤维、芳族聚酰胺纤维、聚(对亚苯基-2，6-苯并二唑)纤维或热塑性聚酯纤维的纱线制成。
31、一种制造半成品板材的方法，包括以下步骤：
·提供如权利要求14所述的纺织制品；
·通过使用熔融挤出提供聚合物基体；
·为了充分浸入金属和非金属纤维而在双带加工的过程中挤压所述纺织制品和所述聚合物基体的结合物。
32、一种制造半成品板材的方法，包括以下步骤：
·提供如权利要求1-15中任一所述的纺织制品；
·在双带加工中挤压该纺织制品。
33、如权利要求31到32之一所述的制造半成品板材的方法，还包括附加的步骤：
在挤压步骤之前提供无规则的非金属纤维层。
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CN102822402A (zh) * 2010-03-26 2012-12-12 贝卡尔特公司 钢纤维针织物
CN102822402B (zh) * 2010-03-26 2014-12-17 贝卡尔特公司 钢纤维针织物
CN103813944A (zh) * 2011-09-21 2014-05-21 贝卡尔特公司 未锚固帘线与基体非化学结合的防撞梁
CN104416911A (zh) * 2013-08-29 2015-03-18 国际汽车配件集团北美公司 包含碳纤维和天然纤维的成型制品,其制造方法及应用
CN105934316A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-09-07 Php纤维有限公司 纤维复合材料及其生产方法
CN105934316B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2021-03-12 Php纤维有限公司 纤维复合材料及其生产方法
CN105201138A (zh) * 2015-08-26 2015-12-30 四川航天五源复合材料有限公司 一种含有连续玄武岩纤维保温墙板

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