CN1951881A - Agglomeration-wrapping dry-proof pelleting method for organic inorganic mixed fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an agglomeration-parcel non-drying graining method of organic inorganic composite fertilizer in the fertilizer preparing domain, which comprises the following steps: allocating raw material; grinding; blending; graining through disc machine; parceling; shaping; sieving; detecting; packing. The invention transmits partial free water in the particle fertilizer into crystallized water without drying, which satisfies the request of GB18877-2002.

Description

Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reunion-parcels without drying granulation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to fertilizer manufacturing technology field, relate in particular to the prilling process of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer agglomeration process no drying.

Technical background

Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer is because its material is lighter, dispersed strong, the following two kinds of methods of general employing are carried out granulation processing: a kind of method is an extruder grain, do not need water spray, do not need drying, cooling after the granulation, have that flow process is simple, reduced investment, drying-free, low power consumption and other advantages, but its product appearance is more coarse, broken easily, the user not too welcomes, and according to the requirement of China compound organic and inorganic fertilizer standard GB18877, product moisture should be controlled at below 10% simultaneously, but extruder grain efficient is very low with this understanding, and the wearing and tearing of mould are also big.Another kind is agglomeration process (disk or cylinder) granulation, from outward appearance and storage performance, its product has certain market advantage, but, its, water content of material was had relatively high expectations in processing early stage, generally should be controlled at about 20%, treated after the granulation that oven dry is reduced to below 10% water content again, energy consumption is just bigger like this, and cost is higher.Therefore, be badly in need of having a kind of new organic-inorganic compound fertilizer agglomeration technique to replace two kinds of above-mentioned working methods in the production.

Summary of the invention

The present invention seeks to, adopt conventional agglomeration process granulation, exist energy consumption bigger at compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, the defective that cost is higher proposes a kind of compound organic and inorganic fertilizer reunion-pack, need not oven dry, cost is lower, and quality is the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer prilling process preferably.

The technological principle of Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reunion-parcels without drying granulation method of the present invention, mainly be on conventional compound organic and inorganic fertilizer batching basis, utilization is added on the hydration reaction that the part material in the material carries out, part free-water in the granulated fertilizer is transformed into crystal water, to reach the purpose that reduces fertile intragranular water content, wherein:

(1) every 1000g semi-hydrated gypsum is through CaSO ₄0.5H ₂O+1.5H ₂O=CaSO ₄2H ₂The O reaction can be in conjunction with the free-water of 186g.

When (2) the oxide compound water-break in the fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate becomes oxyhydroxide, can absorb the free-water in the material, as calcium oxide through CaO+H ₂O=Ca (OH) ₂Reaction, the hydratability of every 1000g calcium oxide is 320g.

Can absorb the moisture of about 500g when (3) every 1000g cement condenses.

On reach material reaction be thermopositive reaction, speed of response is very fast, the very fast rising of granulated fertilizer temperature, part moisture also can evapotranspire in this process.

(4) water-soluble phosphorus in the material runs into alkaline matters such as fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate and cement, becomes citric soluble CaHPO gradually ₄2H ₂O, every 1000gP ₂O ₅Forming CaHPO ₄2H ₂Can make the 500g free-water become crystal water in the process of O, but, this process is slower.

By the comprehensive action of above-mentioned several respects, the water content in the pellet is dropped to below 10% by original about 20%.

The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reunion-parcels without drying granulation method, carry out according to the following steps:

(1) getting the raw materials ready of organic-inorganic compound particle fertilizer: the component of this particle fertilizer and the weight percent content of each component are:

Organic fertilizer (organic 〉=50%, N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O 〉=4%, water content≤20%)

38-45％

Urea (N 〉=46%, water content≤1%) 15～22%

Calcium superphosphate (P ₂O ₅〉=16%, water content≤12%) 7～15%

Powdery monoammonium phosphate (P ₂O ₅〉=48%, water content≤5%) 0～5%

Repone K (K ₂O 〉=60%, water content≤2%) 7～12%

Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate (P ₂O ₅〉=15%) 3～5%

Binding agent 1 (No. 400 cement) 2～4%

Binding agent 2 (semi-hydrated gypsum) 3～5%

Water 2～4%;

(2) pulverizing is pulverized fertilizer, urea, Repone K and calcium superphosphate respectively with pulverizer, crosses the 2mm sieve, and is by the weighing of filling a prescription, standby;

(3) mix the order press fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate and Repone K, drop into vertical mixer respectively after, mixed 2～3 minutes, add about 5 minutes of water continuation mixing then;

(4) granulation will mix material and send into No. 1 granulating disc rotation granulation 7～10 minutes, pass through the travelling belt discharging in the dish behind the basic granulating of material, send into granulating disc No. 2;

(5) the parcel shaping is rotated after No. 2 granulating disc 3-4 minute, press the order of binding agent 1 (No. 400 cement), binding agent 2 (semi-hydrated gypsum) and fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, be added on the pellet of No. 2 granulating discs by travelling belt respectively, each rolled about 1 minute, successively to wrap up pellet is increased, rounding, drying, and send into and store sclerosis in the bunker more than 2 hours;

(6) screening is sent pellet in the bunker into roller grizzly, will be wherein particle diameter＞4.75mm and＜pellet of 1.0mm pulverizes the back and sends into mixing machine or directly send into granulating disc as feed back, granulation again;

(7) product with particle diameter the pellet mass of 1.0～4.75mm detect qualified after, by packing mechanical irrigation bag seal product.

Beneficial effect of the present invention: the one, Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reunion-parcels without drying granulation method of the present invention, because its prescription is reasonable with technology, yield rate can be up to more than 85%, with conventional disk agglomeration process pelletizing finished product rate basically identical, its product is when reaching organic-inorganic compound fertilizer GB18877-2002 technical indicator, and appearance index such as its roundness, uniformity coefficient, smooth finish are also all more excellent; The 2nd, utilization of the present invention is added on the hydration reaction that the part material in the material carries out, part free-water in the granulated fertilizer is transformed into crystal water, need not dry the water content that can make granular product and be reduced to purpose below 10%, thereby save drying course, reduce the composting cost, alleviate environmental pollution; And its fertilizer efficiency is compared with the conventional organic-inorganic compound particle fertilizer (extruder grain) of same recipe, no significant difference (seeing Table 1).

Embodiment

One, formula for a product design:

Press the GB18877-2002 regulation, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer npk nutrient total amount is 〉=15%, moisture≤10%.According to local conditions, its nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula is different because of crop species, is generally 9-3-6 or 10-4-6.So the present invention following embodiment product is set at: total nutrient content for 〉=15%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula is 9-3-6 or 10-4-6, organic matter 〉=20%, moisture≤10%.

Two, major equipment:

1. vertical mixer is 1; 2. the chain type pulverizer is 2; 3. roller grizzly is 1; 4. the blade type pulverizer is 1; 5. travelling belt is 6; 6. granulating disc, diameter 3m, 2; 7. chapelet and 10m ³1 of bunker; 8. wrapping machine.

Embodiment 1:(nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula is the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer prilling process of 9-3-6)

Carry out according to the following steps:

(1) getting the raw materials ready of organic-inorganic compound particle fertilizer: the weight that feeds intake of the component of this particle fertilizer and contained each component of product per ton is:

1. through the fertilizer of harmless treatment: this example is raw material with the pig manure, on average contains organic matter 〉=50%, N+P ₂O5+K ₂O 〉=4%, water content≤20%; Per ton feeding intake is wherein to provide organic matter 〉=200kg, N+P by 400kg ₂O ₅Ten K ₂O 〉=16kg, moisture 80kg;

2. urea: N 〉=46%, moisture≤1%, per ton feeding intake is 196kg; N90kg is provided;

3. calcium superphosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=16%, moisture≤12%, per ton feeding intake is 150kg, and P is provided ₂O ₅24kg;

4. Repone K: K ₂O 〉=60%, per ton the feeding intake of moisture≤2% is 100kg, and K is provided ₂O 60kg;

5. fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=15%, per ton feeding intake is 40kg, and P is provided ₂O ₅6kg;

6. binding agent 1 silicate cement (No. 400): per ton feeding intake is 40kg;

7. binding agent 2 semi-hydrated gypsums: per ton feeding intake is 50kg;

8. water: per ton feeding intake is 24kg;

(2) pulverize fertilizer and calcium superphosphate chain type pulverizer pulverizing, urea, Repone K are pulverized with the blade type pulverizer respectively, cross 2mm and sieve, and press the prescription weighing respectively, and is standby;

(3) mix the order press pig manure, urea, calcium superphosphate, Repone K, drop into vertical mixer respectively after, mixed 2～3 minutes, add water then, continue to mix about 5 minutes, reach the uniform in quality unanimity, mix completely, open discharge hole for discharge;

(4) granulation will mix material and send into granulating disc No. 1, (as the attached web of material great majority heap, illustrate that card is too steep, should turn disk tilt angle down after having aligned disc angle; If material only is attached to and tries to get to the heart of a matter and do not roll in the dish, illustrate that disk tilt angle is too little, should transfer the big disk inclination angle) and rotate granulation, make material be covered with card and roll, neither amass the end and also do not pile the limit; Behind 7～10 minutes basic granulating of material rotation granulation in the dish,, send into granulating disc No. 2 by the travelling belt discharging;

(5) the parcel shaping was rotated No. 2 granulating disc 3-4 minute, after making the particulate materials that comes from granulating working procedure further improve intensity, press the order of binding agent 1 (No. 400 cement), binding agent 2 (semi-hydrated gypsum), fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, join on the pellet of No. 2 granulating discs by travelling belt respectively, each rolled about one minute, successively to be wrapped in the pellet surface, make particle increase, rounding, reduction water content, and enhanced granule ultimate compression strength; Parcel stops disk and rotates after shaping finishes, and discharging is sent into the storage logical sequence by chapelet and stored more than 2 hours, finishes chemical reaction, makes free-water become crystal water, the reaction liberated heat part moisture that also can evapotranspire;

(6) screening is sent to roller grizzly with pellet, and wherein particle diameter directly is added to the granulation once more of mixing machine or granulating disc less than the 1mm powder according to quantity as feed back; Particle diameter is greater than the particle of 4.75mm, sends into mixing machine or granulating disc granulation again after pulverizing by the chain type pulverizer as feed back;

(7) product detects qualified back with the pellet mass of particle diameter 1.0～4.75mm and enters the packing hopper by conveying belt, irritate bag seal the back product.

The gross weight of above-mentioned 8 kinds of raw materials is that 1000kg. contains organic matter 〉=200kg, nitrogen (N) 〉=90kg, phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 〉=30kg. potassium (K ₂O) 〉=60kg, total nutrient 〉=180kg, moisture 126kg. wherein have the water about 32kg to be transformed into crystal water. thereby the product water content reach≤10%.

After finishing by above-mentioned operation granulation, press GB 18877-2002 and measure moisture, pH, nutrient content in the product, the result is as follows: water content 9.3%, and pH7.2, organic 20.7%, full nitrogen (N) 9.4%, available phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 3.2%, full potassium (K ₂O) 6.5%, total nutrient content is 19.1%.

Embodiment 2:(nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula is the compound organic and inorganic fertilizer prilling process of 10-4-6)

The weight that feeds intake of the component of present embodiment particle fertilizer and contained each component of product per ton is:

1. fertilizer: this example is raw material with the pig manure, contains organic matter 〉=50%, N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O 〉=4%, water content≤20%; Per ton feeding intake is 410kg;

2. urea: N 〉=46%, moisture≤1%, per ton feeding intake is 215kg; N98.9kg is provided;

3. calcium superphosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=16%, moisture≤12%, per ton feeding intake is 70kg; P is provided ₂O ₅11.2kg;

4. monoammonium phosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=48%, N 〉=8%, moisture≤5%, per ton feeding intake is 50kg; P is provided ₂O ₅24kg provides N4kg;

5. Repone K: K ₂O 〉=60%, moisture≤2%, per ton feeding intake is 100kg, and K is provided ₂O 60kg;

6. fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=15%, per ton feeding intake is 40kg, and P is provided ₂O ₅6kg;

7. binding agent 1 silicate cement (No. 400): per ton feeding intake is 40kg;

8. binding agent 2 semi-hydrated gypsums: per ton feeding intake is 45kg;

9. water: per ton feeding intake is 30kg;

Present embodiment equipment used and preparation method etc. all are same as embodiment 1.

The gross weight of above-mentioned 8 kinds of raw materials is 1000kg, contains organic matter 〉=205kg, nitrogen (N) 〉=100kg, phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 〉=41.1kg. potassium (K ₂O) 〉=and 60kg, total nutrient 〉=203.8kg, moisture 127kg, wherein there is the water about 31kg to be transformed into crystal water. thereby product water content≤10%.

Embodiment 3:(nitrogen phosphorus potassium formula is 7-4-7)

The weight that feeds intake of the component of present embodiment particle fertilizer and contained each component of product per ton is:

1. fertilizer: this example is raw material with the chicken manure, contains organic matter 〉=50%, N+P ₂O ₅+ K ₂O 〉=4%, water content≤20%; Per ton feeding intake is 450kg;

2. urea: N 〉=46%, moisture≤1%, per ton feeding intake is 160kg, and N73.6kg is provided;

3. calcium superphosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=16%, moisture≤12%, per ton feeding intake is 125kg, and P is provided ₂O ₅20kg;

4. monoammonium phosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=48%, N 〉=8%, moisture≤5%, per ton feeding intake is 35kg; P is provided ₂O ₅16.8, N2.8kg is provided;

5. Repone K: K ₂O 〉=60%, moisture≤2%, per ton feeding intake is 117kg, and K is provided ₂O 70kg;

6. fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate: P ₂O ₅〉=15%, per ton feeding intake is 50kg, and P is provided ₂O ₅7.5kg;

7. binding agent 1 silicate cement (No. 400): per ton feeding intake is 40kg;

8. binding agent 2 semi-hydrated gypsums: per ton feeding intake is 40kg;

9. water: per ton feeding intake is 18kg;

Present embodiment equipment used and preparation method etc. all are same as embodiment 1.

The gross weight of above-mentioned 8 kinds of raw materials is 1000kg, contains organic matter 〉=225kg, nitrogen (N) 〉=76kg, phosphorus (P ₂O ₅) 〉=44kg. potassium (K ₂O) 〉=and 70kg, total nutrient 〉=190kg, moisture 129kg, wherein there is the water about 31kg to be transformed into crystal water, thereby product water content≤10%.

Test example: (field result of use simultaneous test)

Compare no significant difference (table 1) in the fertilizer efficiency performance of crop with the conventional organic-inorganic compound particle fertilizer (extruder grain) of same recipe with embodiment 1 products made thereby.

The organic compound particle of the different granulation processs of table 1 fertilizer is to the yield effect of chrysanthemum pears

Handle	Single fruit weight (g/)	Each handles ultimate production (kg)	Every strain mean yield (kg/ strain)
				The extruder grain organic compound fertilizer	441.7	617.6	25.7
Embodiment 1 products made thereby	456.7	619.2	25.8

Claims (1)

1, Organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reunion-parcels without drying granulation method is characterized in that this method carries out according to the following steps:

(1) getting the raw materials ready of organic-inorganic compound particle fertilizer: the component of this particle fertilizer and the weight percent content of each component are:

Organic fertilizer 38-45%

Urea 15～22%

Calcium superphosphate 7～15%

Monoammonium phosphate 0～5%

Repone K 7～12%

Fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 3～5%

Binding agent 1-400 cement 2～4%

Binding agent 2-semi-hydrated gypsum 3～5%

Water 2～4%;

(2) pulverizing is pulverized fertilizer, urea, Repone K and calcium superphosphate respectively with pulverizer, sieves, and is by the prescription weighing, standby;

(3) mix the order press fertilizer, urea, calcium superphosphate, monoammonium phosphate, Repone K, drop into mixing machine respectively after, mixed 2～3 minutes, add water continuation mixing 5 minutes then;

(4) granulation will mix material and send into No. 1 granulating disc rotation granulation 7～10 minutes, and granulating disc is sent in discharging behind the basic granulating of material No. 2 in the dish;

(5) the parcel shaping is rotated after No. 2 granulating disc 3-4 minute, press the order of binding agent 1-400 cement, binding agent 2-semi-hydrated gypsum, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, be added to respectively on the pellet of No. 2 multigraph presses, each rolled about one minute, successively to wrap up pellet is increased, rounding, drying, and send into and store sclerosis in the bunker more than 2 hours;

(6) screening is sent pellet in the bunker into roller grizzly, will be wherein particle diameter＞4.75mm and＜pellet of 1.0mm pulverizes the back and sends into mixing machine or directly send into granulating disc as feed back, granulation again;

(7) product with particle diameter the pellet mass of 1.0～4.75mm detect qualified after, by packing mechanical irrigation bag seal product.