CN1940112A - Low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel and its manufacture - Google Patents
Low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel and its manufacture Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of super high-carbon low-alloy complex phase steel , whose component mass percentage is C 1.20-2.10,Si 1.00-3.00,Mn 2.00-4.00,Cr 0.50-2.00,Mo 0.30-0.80,V 0.03-0.15,B 0.0005-0.005, the others is Fe and inevitable foreign substance. The super high-carbon low-alloy complex phase steel's fabrication method is that reaction-injection molding + air cooling or reaction-injection molding + hot-forging + hot-rolling + air cooling. The reaction-injection molding includes the following steps: heating the s super high-carbon low-alloy complex phase steel into the induction furnace to make it melt , keeping a period of time at the temperature of 100-250DEG C which is higher than the melting point, to make the temperature and component of the smelt uniform; It uses the high-handed inactive gas (nitrogen gas or argon gas) jet to the melt to make the melt into trivial liquid-drop pulverization, the trivial liquid-drop flies and deposits in the collecting base board, cooling down, solidification, and forming into a block.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal material field, particularly a kind of low-alloy and superhigh carbon air cooling perlite/bainite complex phase steel and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
For superhigh carbon steel, its carbon content has surpassed the carbon content of traditional high carbon steel at 1.0～2.1wt%.This type of steel belongs to hypereutectoid steel, and its ingot structure is formed by pearlite colony and around netted, the stratiform carbide of pearlite colony.Adopt traditional technology, organizing of this type of steel grade is quite thick, so plasticity is very poor, thereby is ignored by industrial application for a long time.For superhigh carbon steel is obtained than more excellent performance, from 20th century the mid-1970s to present stage, the investigation of materials person of states such as the Sherby of Stanford University, U.S. Lawrence Livemore National Laboratory, Japan and China has developed the series of process that makes the superhigh carbon steel microstructure ultra-fining treatment in succession.These technologies are divided into three major types (Zhang Zhen's loyalty, Zhao Fangxia " ultra-fine brilliant superhigh carbon steel present Research and prospect " " foundry engieering " Vol.25, No.10,2004:799～802): thermomechanical treatment, Conventional Heat Treatment and powder metallurgy.Wherein 1. thermomechanical treatment is to combine with phase transformation by viscous deformation to realize class methods of superhigh carbon steel structure refinement.The technology that these class methods relate to comprises Hot Quenching Heat Processing, isothermal deformation thermal treatment process, warm complete processing, low temperature deformation thermal treatment process and divorce eutectoid transformation technology etc.These technological processs all more complicated, operation is many, energy consumption is high, cost is high, the technology that has is also quite high to the requirement of equipment, so these ultra-fine crystallization processes are difficult to make superhigh carbon steel industrialization, mass-producing.2. ordinary heat treatment comprises circulating quenching, Spheroidizing Annealing+quenching+tempering and ten tempering of quenching.Though this type of technology is fairly simple, the cycle is long, and temperature controlling is required height, and the composition such as the carbon content of superhigh carbon steel had certain limitation.3. powder metallurgical technique be will preparation ultra-fine brilliant superhigh carbon steel powder place hot isostatic press, pressurize after being warming up to sintering temperature, make its densification obtain the method for block body ultrafine grain superhigh carbon steel to theoretical density.Compare this technology with other technology and be specially adapted to the preparation that carbon containing is higher than the ferrous alloy of 2.1wt%.But have the production cost height, die cost is big, to problem such as the size and dimension of goods is restricted.Chinese patent CN01126952.9 then utilizes feasible superhigh carbon steel tissue (C1.0～1.8 of being invented of spray deposition processing, Si0.5～3.5, Cr0.5～2.0, Mn0.2～0.7) in avoided the appearance of no crystal boundary carbide network, and crystal grain such as is at the axle shape, is evenly distributed.Chinese patent CN02136305.6 adopts isothermal forging process to carry out densification by the reaction-injection moulding superhigh carbon steel base substrate that preceding patent obtains, though but this operational path is than people such as Sherby (Zhang Zhen's loyalty, Zhao Fangxia, " ultra-fine brilliant superhigh carbon steel present Research and prospect ", " foundry engieering ", Vol.25, No.10,2004:799～802) operation of Cai Yonging is obviously simplified, but need to use expensive isothermal forging equipment, and productivity is low, thereby still is restricted on range of application and industrial scale.Chinese patent CN02150879.8 accomplishes scale production in order to make superhigh carbon steel, adopts reaction-injection moulding ten great-deformation hot-rolled technologies, makes superhigh carbon steel reaction-injection moulding blank Densification, and tensile strength is up to 1300MPa.But this superhigh carbon steel steel grade tissue is based on pearlite colony, its can't meet the demands occasion of hard high-wearing feature.And when hot processing temperature is low, be prone to phenomenons such as greying (Luo Guangmin etc., " graphited thermomechanical analysis of superhigh carbon steel and research ", " material heat treatment journal " Vol25,2004:42～45), because greying is very sensitive to the composition and the technology of material, improper if technology is taked, superhigh carbon steel has graphite and generates.In case graphite forms, will be difficult to it be eliminated, and its existence will produce very big disadvantageous effect to the performance of steel by thermal treatment.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to propose a kind of low-alloy and superhigh carbon air cooling perlite/bainite complex phase steel, it is organized as bainite or perlite/bainite structure, have higher air cooled hardenability and hardenability, avoid occurring the crystal boundary carbide network simultaneously, crystal grain is thick and existing superhigh carbon steel in be prone to problems such as greying.This class steel grade can just can obtain bainite structure or perlite/bainite heterogeneous structure under the air cooling condition, exempt quenching process or isothermal quenching operation, thereby alleviate the harm that defectives such as superhigh carbon steel distortion, cracking, oxidation and decarburization cause.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel, and its composition quality per-cent is:
C 1.20～2.10
Si 1.00～3.00
Mn 2.00～4.00
Cr 0.50～2.00
Mo 0.30～0.80
V 0.03～0.15
B 0.0005～0.005
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
Low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel of the present invention also can add alloy element Al 1.6～6.0, by mass percentage.
Again, also can add among Ti, Nb or the RE one or more, wherein, Ti 0.015～0.05, Nb 0.03～0.15RE 0.02～0.10, by mass percentage.
The manufacture method of low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel of the present invention comprises reaction-injection moulding+cooling, and wherein the reaction-injection moulding process comprises the steps:
1) low-alloy and superhigh carbon steel mother alloy material is put into the induction furnace internal heating, make it fusing;
2) keep for some time being higher than under 100～250 ℃ of temperature of fusing point, make the temperature of melt and composition reach even;
3) use high-pressure inert gas (nitrogen or argon gas) to melt jet, make melt be atomized into fine drop, fine drop flight also is deposited on and collects on the substrate, and cooled and solidified also forms block;
Other processing parameters of reaction-injection moulding are selected as follows: the catheter diameter is 4～5mm, atomization pressure 2.0～2.6MPa, and jet length 340～400mm, gas/liquid inventory is 0.40～0.60m than (G/M)
3/ kg.
Further, behind reaction-injection moulding, carry out forge hot, and then cooling; Wherein, forge hot Heating temperature is chosen in 950～1200 ℃ of temperature ranges; Forge hot heat tracing time t=d * (1.0～2.0) min/mm (d is the thickness of rolled sample); Forging ratio 〉=9.
Again, low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel manufacture method of the present invention is carried out hot rolling behind reaction-injection moulding, and then cooling; Wherein, hot rolling Heating temperature is chosen in 950～1200 ℃ of temperature ranges; Hot rolling heat tracing time t=d * (1.0～2.0) min/mm (d is the thickness of rolled sample); The hot rolling draught is 50～80%.
Described refrigerative speed of cooling 〉=4 ℃/min comprises air cooling.
The present invention makes steel have high air cooled hardenability and hardenability by the optimizing components and the adjustment of alloying elements such as C, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, V and B, and the bainite structure that is easy to get avoids occurring easy greying problem in the existing superhigh carbon steel simultaneously.
The present invention can select whether complex phase bloom body to be carried out hot-work (hot rolling or forge hot) in manufacturing processed as required.
The optimizing components of alloying element and the principle of adjustment are:
Carbon, 1.20～2.10wt% satisfies the range of definition of superhigh carbon steel.
Silicon adds silicon in the superhigh carbon steel, can improve transformation temperature A
1Temperature suppresses the alligatoring of carbide such as cementite.It dissolves in ferrite and plays the solution strengthening effect as ferrite former, and improves the superplasticity of superhigh carbon steel.Silicon can improve the hardening capacity of steel simultaneously.It has strong graphitizing, thereby makes steel form no carbon bainite easily in process air cooler, improves the obdurability of steel.The range of choice of silicon of the present invention is 1.00～3.00wt%.Silicone content is too high, promotes greying easily, and the performance of while steel is variation more.Silicone content is low excessively, and the superplasticity property of steel is reduced.
Manganese, as one of the most cheap alloying element, it can make the C curve of steel pass to the right, increases hardening capacity strongly, helps the formation of air cooling condition lower bainite.It also is a carbide-forming element, can suppress the greying that causes because of the silicon that adds.The range of choice of manganese of the present invention is 2.00～4.00wt%.Manganese content is lower than 2%, can not suppress greying.Be higher than at 4% o'clock and easily form fragility phase, degrade performance in the steel.
Chromium is carbide forming element, can postpone perlitic transformation.The purpose of adding chromium in the superhigh carbon steel is to suppress greying and stabilizing tissue, improves superplasticity.Chromium cooperates with manganese can obtain higher hardenability, full hardening deepness.The range of choice of chromium content of the present invention is 0.50～2.00wt%.Chromium content can not be too high, otherwise materials processing, plasticity variation.
The selection principle that contains the molybdenum amount is to impel the formation of bainite, but can not be excessive and generate carbide.Therefore the content of molybdenum of the present invention is chosen in 0.30～0.80wt% scope.
The adding of vanadium is the microstructure of refinement formation bainitic steel further, improves the wear resistance of steel.The content of vanadium of the present invention is controlled in 0.03～0.15wt% scope.The too high tissue of vanadium can form a large amount of carbide, and carbon content reduces in the matrix and make, so that matrix strength reduces.
Boron is to make superhigh carbon steel obtain bainite structure, improves the principal element of bainite hardening capacity.The content of boron is controlled in 0.0005～0.005wt% scope among the present invention.
1. the effect of spray deposition processing is to make superhigh carbon steel obtain evenly to wait the axle fine grain structure.Because solidification cooling is fast, the superhigh carbon steel perlitic transformation postpones, favourable formation bainite.Crystal boundary the successive carbide network can not occur in the tissue simultaneously, only has discontinuously arranged tiny carbide, and avoids occurring segregation.When superheating temperature is too high, in deposition process, exists and do not solidify the carbide network that just might occur influencing material property in the drop.When if superheating temperature is too low, sedimentary base inside aperture is increased.In a word, in the reaction-injection moulding process, the superheating temperature of control molten steel is one of pass factor.The superheating temperature that the present invention adopts is 100～250 ℃ of melting temperatures that are higher than steel.
2. hot rolling or forge hot.By hot rolling or thermal forging technology, can reach two purposes: on the one hand, can make the reaction-injection moulding blank Densification, density is near theoretical density.Though reaction-injection moulding makes segregation-free in the steel, homogeneous microstructure is tiny, and the material itself that makes by spray deposition processing is not fine and close fully, has the hole of some amount, therefore must make material reach fine and close.On the other hand, owing in the atomization process of reaction-injection moulding, occur the large size drop inevitably, big drop carbide network can occur slightly slowly because of speed of cooling in deposition process.The existence of these carbide networks can influence the performance of material, therefore must use hot worked method with its removal or pulverizing.Reach this two purposes, must strict temperature and the deflection of controlling hot rolling or forge hot.Hot rolling that the present invention is used or forge hot Heating temperature are 950 ℃～1100 ℃, and soaking time is followed t=d * 1.0～2.0min/mm (d is the thickness of rolled sample).It is 950～1000 ℃ that beginning is rolled (forging) temperature.Finish to gauge (forging) temperature is controlled at 850～900 ℃.In order to make material can reach fine and close, between the hot rolling draught per pass is controlled at 50～80% or forge hot forging ratio 〉=9.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
A kind of superelevation carbon perlite/bainite complex phase steel that the present invention proposes.It is to be main complex phase air cooling organization steel with perlite/bainite, has high air cooled hardenability and hardenability, avoids occurring greying simultaneously.Employing spray deposition processing or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot roll process make and avoid the crystal boundary carbide network occurring in the steel, crystal grain is thick, the tissue that can obtain structure refinement, be evenly distributed simultaneously.Steel grade of the present invention can be injected into the form use, also can use at reaction-injection moulding+forge hot/hot-rolled state, quenching process or isothermal quenching operation have been exempted, thereby alleviated the harm that defectives such as superhigh carbon steel distortion, cracking, oxidation and decarburization cause, technical process shortening, production cost and energy consumption are reduced.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the metallographic microstructure photo (* 100) of the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy as cast condition of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the metallographic microstructure photo (* 1000) of the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy as cast condition of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is injected into the metallographic microstructure photo (* 1000) of form for the low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is injected into the microstructure stereoscan photograph (* 5000) of form for the low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the metallographic microstructure photo (* 1000) of low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel after reaction-injection moulding+thermal forging technology is handled of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.26, Si3.00, Mn2.94, Cr1.55, Mo0.50, V0.11, B0.0035.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot or hot rolling.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1530 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.3mm, atomizing nitrogen pressure 2.4MPa, and jet length 355mm, the substrate speed of rotation is 12rpm, gas/liquid inventory is about 0.50m than (G/M)
3/ kg.Block is organized as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4.
Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt forge hot to make its further densification.The technology that forge hot is adopted is: workpiece put into the stove that heats with heavy oil, forges after 0.5 hour at 1140 ℃ of temperature heat tracings, and 1100 ℃ of initial forging temperatures, 900 ℃ of final forging temperatures, the back air cooling is forged in forging ratio 〉=9.It is organized as shown in Figure 5.The bainite structure that resulting low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.The intensity of gained low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel can reach 1700MPa as can be known, and hardness is also quite high, up to 600HV
30, the wear resistance of steel is improved greatly, remained austenite content seldom shows that this steel grade has high-hardenability in the steel simultaneously.The mechanical property of table 1 explanation low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel.
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.20, Si2.98, Mn2.32, Cr1.52, Mo0.51, V0.10, B0.0030.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1540 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 155 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.2mm, and other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt forge hot to make its further densification.Adopt the thermal forging technology identical, the bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure with embodiment 1.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 3
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.25, Si2.95, Mn3.52, Cr1.53, Mo0.52, V0.11, B0.0035.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+hot rolling.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1520 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.Other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.
Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt hot rolling to make its further densification.Produce wide 21mm, thick 20mm, long 85mm band sample with the line cutting from the reaction-injection moulding base substrate, and front end is made wedge shape, so that nip when rolling.
Said sample is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace be heated to 1050 ℃, be incubated 20 minutes; Taking out and sending into maximum rolling force behind the sample immediately is that the hot rolls of 3000kN is rolled.Be fetched into rollingly from sample, the specimen temperature fall is (being measured by the infrared temperature tester) between 40～80 ℃.The rolling mill roll diameter is 370mm, 20 rev/mins of rotating speeds.It is thick that sample is rolled 6mm from the thick a time of 20mm, and draught is 70%.The bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 4
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.81, Si2.00, Mn2.94, Cr1.50, Mo0.30, V0.04, B0.0030, Al2.0, Ti0.05, Nb0.15.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1470 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.5mm, and other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt forge hot to make its further densification.Adopt the thermal forging technology identical, the bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure with embodiment 1.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 5
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.31, Si1.50, Mn2.81, Cr2.00, Mo0.73, V0.05, B0.0023, Al4.0, Ti0.04, RE0.10.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+hot rolling.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1550 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.Other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.
Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt hot rolling to make its further densification.Produce wide 21mm, thick 20mm, long 85mm band sample with the line cutting from the reaction-injection moulding base substrate, and front end is made wedge shape, so that nip when rolling.
Said sample is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace be heated to 1050 ℃, be incubated 20 minutes; Taking out and sending into maximum rolling force behind the sample immediately is that the hot rolls of 3000kN is rolled.Hot-rolled process parameter is with embodiment 3.The bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 6
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.53, Si2.76, Mn3.01, Cr1.42, Mo0.55, V0.15, B0.0043, Nb0.09, RE0.10.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+hot rolling.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1500 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.5mm, and other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.
Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt hot rolling to make its further densification.Produce wide 21mm, thick 20mm, long 85mm band sample with the line cutting from the reaction-injection moulding base substrate, and front end is made wedge shape, so that nip when rolling.
Said sample is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace be heated to 1050 ℃, be incubated 20 minutes; Taking out and sending into maximum rolling force behind the sample immediately is that the hot rolls of 3000kN is rolled.Hot-rolled process parameter is with embodiment 3.The bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 7
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.28, Si2.87, Mn3.68, Cr1.63, Mo0.50, V0.10, B0.0005, Ti0.015, Nb0.03, RE0.02.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+hot rolling.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1520 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.Other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.
Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt hot rolling to make its further densification.Produce wide 21mm, thick 20mm, long 85mm band sample with the line cutting from the reaction-injection moulding base substrate, and front end is made wedge shape, so that nip when rolling.
Said sample is put into chamber type electric resistance furnace be heated to 1050 ℃, be incubated 20 minutes; Take out that to change immediately behind the sample into maximum rolling force be that the hot rolls of 3000kN is rolled.Hot-rolled process parameter is with embodiment 3.The bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 8
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C1.32, Si1.50, Mn4.00, Cr1.23, Mo0.43, V0.14, B0.0008, Al6.0, Ti0.015, Nb0.13, RE0.03.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1530 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.3mm, and other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt forge hot to make its further densification.Adopt the thermal forging technology identical, the bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure with embodiment 1.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment 9
Adopt the superhigh carbon steel mother alloy composition (wt%) of non-vacuum induction furnace melting to be: C2.10, Si1.00, Mn2.05, Cr0.58, Mo0.80, V0.03, B0.0050, Al1.6, Ti0.050, RE0.10.The metallographic microstructure of mother alloy as cast condition is similar to the mother alloy as-cast microstructure of embodiment 1.
Reaction-injection moulding or reaction-injection moulding+forge hot.
The reaction-injection moulding operating process is: mother alloy material (casting rod) is put into the fusing of induction furnace internal heating; Under 1470 ℃ of left and right sides temperature, keep for some time (superheating temperature is 150 ℃), make the temperature of melt and composition reach even; Use high pressure nitrogen to melt jet then, make it to be atomized into fine drop, fly and be deposited on and collect on the substrate, finish and solidify and form block.The catheter diameter that uses in the course of injection is 4.5mm, and other spray deposition processing parameters are with embodiment 1.Owing to behind the reaction-injection moulding, have a certain amount of loose or hole in the steel, therefore adopt forge hot to make its further densification.Adopt the thermal forging technology identical, the bainite structure that resulting microstructure microstructure characteristic is surrounded by pearlitic structure with embodiment 1.Relevant mechanical properties is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Table 2
| Example | C | Si | Mn | Cr | Mo | V | B | Al | Ti | Nb | RE |
| 1 | 1.26 | 3.00 | 2.94 | 1.55 | 0.50 | 0.11 | 0.0035 | ||||
| 2 | 1.20 | 2.98 | 2.32 | 1.52 | 0.51 | 0.10 | 0.0030 | ||||
| 3 | 1.25 | 2.95 | 3.52 | 1.53 | 0.52 | 0.11 | 0.0035 | ||||
| 4 | 1.81 | 2.00 | 2.94 | 1.50 | 0.30 | 0.04 | 0.0030 | 2.0 | 0.050 | 0.15 | |
| 5 | 1.31 | 1.50 | 2.81 | 2.00 | 0.73 | 0.05 | 0.0023 | 4.0 | 0.040 | 0.10 | |
| 6 | 1.53 | 2.76 | 3.01 | 1.42 | 0.55 | 0.15 | 0.0043 | 0.09 | 0.02 | ||
| 7 | 1.28 | 2.87 | 3.68 | 1.63 | 0.50 | 0.10 | 0.0005 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.02 | |
| 8 | 1.32 | 1.50 | 4.00 | 1.23 | 0.43 | 0.14 | 0.0008 | 6.0 | 0.015 | 0.13 | 0.03 |
| 9 | 2.10 | 1.00 | 2.05 | 0.58 | 0.80 | 0.03 | 0.0050 | 1.6 | 0.050 | 0.10 |
Claims (7)
1. low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel, its composition quality per-cent be,
C 1.20～2.10
Si 1.00～3.00
Mn 2.00～4.00
Cr 0.50～2.00
Mo 0.30～0.80
V 0.03～0.15
B 0.0005～0.005
All the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
2. low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also adds alloy element Al 1.6～6.0, by mass percentage.
3. low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also adds among Ti, Nb or the RE one or more, and wherein, Ti 0.015～0.05, and Nb 0.03～0.15, RE0.02～0.10, by mass percentage.
4. the manufacture method of a low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel as claimed in claim 1 comprises reaction-injection moulding+cooling, and wherein the reaction-injection moulding process comprises the steps:
1) low-alloy and superhigh carbon steel mother alloy material is put into the induction furnace internal heating, make it fusing;
2) keep for some time being higher than under 100～250 ℃ of temperature of fusing point, make the temperature of melt and composition reach even;
3) use high-pressure inert gas (nitrogen or argon gas) to melt jet, make melt be atomized into fine drop, fine drop flight also is deposited on and collects on the substrate, and cooled and solidified also forms block; Other processing parameters of reaction-injection moulding are selected as follows: the catheter diameter is 4～5mm, atomization pressure 2.0～2.6MPa, and jet length 340～400mm, gas/liquid inventory is 0.40～0.60m than (G/M)
3/ kg.
5. the manufacture method of low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, carries out forge hot behind the reaction-injection moulding, and then cooling; Wherein, forge hot Heating temperature is chosen in 950～1200 ℃ of temperature ranges; Forge hot heat tracing time t=d * (1.0～2.0) min/mm (d is the thickness of rolled sample); Forging ratio 〉=9.
6. the manufacture method of low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steel as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, carries out hot rolling behind the reaction-injection moulding, and then cooling; Wherein, hot rolling Heating temperature is chosen in 950～1200 ℃ of temperature ranges; Hot rolling heat tracing time t=d * (1.0～2.0) min/mm (d is the thickness of rolled sample); The hot rolling draught is 50～80%.
7. as the manufacture method of claim 4 or 5 or 6 described low-alloy and superhigh carbon composite phase steels, it is characterized in that described refrigerative speed of cooling 〉=4 ℃/min.
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