CN110541122A - novel alloy steel and manufacturing process thereof - Google Patents
novel alloy steel and manufacturing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110541122A CN110541122A CN201911018070.9A CN201911018070A CN110541122A CN 110541122 A CN110541122 A CN 110541122A CN 201911018070 A CN201911018070 A CN 201911018070A CN 110541122 A CN110541122 A CN 110541122A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
- B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
- C22C33/0285—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5% with Cr, Co, or Ni having a minimum content higher than 5%
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/18—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers
- B22F2003/185—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by using pressure rollers by hot rolling, below sintering temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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Abstract
The invention discloses novel alloy steel, which comprises iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus; the mass percentage of the chromium is 5.67%, the mass percentage of the molybdenum is 2.61%, the mass percentage of the silicon is 1.17%, the mass percentage of the vanadium is 0.96%, the mass percentage of the tungsten is 0.9%, the mass percentage of the carbon is 0.61%, the mass percentage of the manganese is 0.38%, the mass percentage of the sulfur is 0.01%, the mass percentage of the phosphorus is 0.01%, and the balance is iron. The manufacturing process comprises the steps of mixing iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus according to the mass ratio, melting at high temperature, purifying the obtained molten steel under the protection of inert gas, atomizing and spraying the obtained ultra-high purity molten steel into a nitrogen-containing sealed tank, placing the obtained ultra-fine steel powder into a vacuum tank for hot isostatic pressing, forging and hot rolling the obtained steel ingot in sequence, and finally carrying out heat treatment on the formed powder alloy steel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of powder metallurgy materials, and particularly relates to novel alloy steel and a manufacturing process thereof.
background
The iron-carbon alloy is formed by adding a proper amount of one or more alloy elements on the basis of common carbon steel. According to the difference of the added elements and by adopting a proper processing technology, the special properties of high strength, high toughness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, no magnetism and the like can be obtained.
In the field of part machining, it is often necessary to use various cutting tools and die attachments. In the traditional industry, M2 die steel is usually adopted as a manufacturing material of cutting tools and die accessories, various cutting tools and die accessories are often subjected to strong impact and friction during working, are easy to crack and wear after long working time, and for spare and accessory part processing enterprises with increasingly higher cost, the performance of the M2 die steel cannot meet the requirements of the spare and accessory part processing enterprises, so that alloy steel with excellent performance needs to be developed to meet the requirements of customers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel alloy steel and a manufacturing process thereof for solving the technical problems.
The solution adopted by the invention for realizing the technical effect is as follows:
A novel alloy steel comprising iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus; the mass percentage of the chromium is 5.67%, the mass percentage of the molybdenum is 2.61%, the mass percentage of the silicon is 1.17%, the mass percentage of the vanadium is 0.96%, the mass percentage of the tungsten is 0.9%, the mass percentage of the carbon is 0.61%, the mass percentage of the manganese is 0.38%, the mass percentage of the sulfur is 0.01%, the mass percentage of the phosphorus is 0.01%, and the balance is iron.
A manufacturing process of novel alloy steel comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: smelting: mixing iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus according to the mass ratio, and melting at high temperature in a smelting furnace to obtain molten steel;
Step two: purifying: purifying the molten steel obtained after the treatment in the step one in a steel ladle under the protection of inert gas to obtain molten steel with ultrahigh purity;
Step three: atomizing: spraying the ultra-high purity molten steel obtained after the treatment in the second step through a fog nozzle to form fog, and spraying the atomized molten steel into a sealed tank containing nitrogen to form ultrafine steel powder;
Step four: hot isostatic pressing: placing the superfine steel powder obtained after the treatment in the step three into a sealed tank, vacuumizing the sealed tank, and then performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the superfine steel powder to obtain a steel ingot;
Step five: forging and hot rolling: sequentially forging and hot rolling the steel ingot obtained after the fourth step to obtain powder alloy steel;
step six: and (3) heat treatment: and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the powder alloy steel obtained after the treatment in the fifth step.
Preferably, the heat treatment comprises the steps of:
The method comprises the following steps: annealing: heating the powder alloy steel in a protective gas to 800-880 ℃, preserving heat, slowly cooling to 700 ℃, and then air cooling;
Step two: stress relief: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step I to 600-700 ℃, preserving heat, then slowly cooling to 500 ℃, and then cooling;
step three: preheating: firstly, preheating the powder alloy steel processed in the second step to 450-500 ℃ in protective gas, and then preheating the powder alloy steel to 850-900 ℃ for the second time;
Step IV: quenching: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (III) in a protective gas to 1150 ℃, preserving heat, and then rapidly cooling by a cooling medium;
step five: tempering: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (IV) to 550 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling.
Preferably, in the step (i), the powdered alloy steel is heated to 850-900 ℃ in the protective gas, then is kept warm for 3 hours, and then is slowly cooled to 700 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃ per hour.
Preferably, in the second step, the powdered alloy steel is heated to 600-700 ℃ and then is kept warm for 2 hours.
Preferably, in the step (iv), the cooling rate of the powder alloy steel per second is greater than 7 ℃.
preferably, the step (c) is repeated 3 times, and the heat is preserved for at least 1 hour each time.
the invention has the beneficial effects that: the alloy steel is prepared by mixing iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus according to a proper mass ratio, and in the manufacturing process, the raw materials are firstly prepared into molten steel, atomized into high-purity steel powder, and then hot isostatic pressed into a material; the unique heat treatment method is adopted to further improve the hardness and toughness of the steel. The steel disclosed by the invention is fine and uniform in crystal grains, has excellent characteristics of high red hot hardness, high wear resistance, high impact toughness, excellent polishing property, excellent corner breakage resistance, cracking resistance and the like, greatly reduces the risk of fracture or edge breakage for the service performance of the traditional M2 die steel, and is higher in wear resistance.
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of alloy steel manufacturing disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When one element is referred to as being "fixedly attached" to another element, it can be fixedly attached by welding, bolting, gluing, or the like.
the invention discloses novel alloy steel in the preferred embodiment, which comprises iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus; the mass percentage of the chromium is 5.67%, the mass percentage of the molybdenum is 2.61%, the mass percentage of the silicon is 1.17%, the mass percentage of the vanadium is 0.96%, the mass percentage of the tungsten is 0.9%, the mass percentage of the carbon is 0.61%, the mass percentage of the manganese is 0.38%, the mass percentage of the sulfur is 0.01%, the mass percentage of the phosphorus is 0.01%, and the balance is iron.
referring to fig. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a manufacturing process of the above novel alloy steel is disclosed, which includes the following steps:
The method comprises the following steps: smelting: mixing iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus according to the mass ratio, and melting at high temperature in a smelting furnace to obtain molten steel;
step two: purifying: purifying the molten steel obtained after the treatment in the step one in a steel ladle under the protection of inert gas to obtain molten steel with ultrahigh purity;
step three: atomizing: spraying the ultra-high purity molten steel obtained after the treatment in the second step through a fog nozzle to form fog, and spraying the atomized molten steel into a sealed tank containing nitrogen to form ultrafine steel powder;
step four: hot isostatic pressing: placing the superfine steel powder obtained after the treatment in the step three into a sealed tank, vacuumizing the sealed tank, and then performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the superfine steel powder to obtain a steel ingot;
Step five: forging and hot rolling: sequentially forging and hot rolling the steel ingot obtained after the fourth step to obtain powder alloy steel;
step six: and (3) heat treatment: and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the powder alloy steel obtained after the treatment in the step three.
Specifically, the heat treatment comprises the steps of:
The method comprises the following steps: annealing: heating the powder alloy steel in a protective gas to 800-880 ℃, preserving heat, slowly cooling to 700 ℃, and then air cooling;
step two: stress relief: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step I to 600-700 ℃, preserving heat, then slowly cooling to 500 ℃, and then cooling;
Step three: preheating: firstly, preheating the powder alloy steel processed in the second step to 450-500 ℃ in protective gas, and then preheating the powder alloy steel to 850-900 ℃ for the second time;
step IV: quenching: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (III) in a protective gas to 1150 ℃, preserving heat until the powder alloy steel is completely austenitized, and then rapidly cooling the powder alloy steel by a cooling medium;
Step five: tempering: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (IV) to 550 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling.
specifically, in the step I, the powder alloy steel is heated to 850-900 ℃ in the protective gas, then is kept warm for 3 hours, and then is slowly cooled to 700 ℃ at the speed of cooling 10-20 ℃ per hour.
Specifically, in the second step, the powder alloy steel is heated to 600-700 ℃ and then is kept warm for 2 hours.
Specifically, in the step (iv), the cooling rate of the powder alloy steel per second is greater than 7 ℃.
specifically, the process is repeated 3 times, and the temperature is maintained for at least 1 hour each time.
Under normal temperature detection, the alloy steel manufactured by the invention has the following technical parameters: the hardness was 62.5HRC, the tensile strength was 2500MPa, the non-proportional elongation was 2300MPa, and the elongation at break was 20%.
As can be seen from the above description, the steel material of the present invention has fine and uniform grains, high red hot hardness, high wear resistance, high impact toughness, excellent polishing performance, and excellent chipping resistance and cracking resistance, and can meet the working requirements of enterprises.
while the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in detail in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the scope of the invention includes, but is not limited to, the embodiments described above; while the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a novel alloy steel is characterized in that: including iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus; the mass percentage of the chromium is 5.67%, the mass percentage of the molybdenum is 2.61%, the mass percentage of the silicon is 1.17%, the mass percentage of the vanadium is 0.96%, the mass percentage of the tungsten is 0.9%, the mass percentage of the carbon is 0.61%, the mass percentage of the manganese is 0.38%, the mass percentage of the sulfur is 0.01%, the mass percentage of the phosphorus is 0.01%, and the balance is iron.
2. the process of manufacturing a new alloy steel according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: smelting: mixing iron, chromium, molybdenum, silicon, vanadium, tungsten, carbon, manganese, sulfur and phosphorus according to the mass ratio, and melting at high temperature in a smelting furnace to obtain molten steel;
Step two: purifying: purifying the molten steel obtained after the treatment in the step one in a steel ladle under the protection of inert gas to obtain molten steel with ultrahigh purity;
step three: atomizing: spraying the ultra-high purity molten steel obtained after the treatment in the second step through a fog nozzle to form fog, and spraying the atomized molten steel into a sealed tank containing nitrogen to form ultrafine steel powder;
Step four: hot isostatic pressing: placing the superfine steel powder obtained after the treatment in the step three into a sealed tank, vacuumizing the sealed tank, and then performing hot isostatic pressing treatment on the superfine steel powder to obtain a steel ingot;
Step five: forging and hot rolling: sequentially forging and hot rolling the steel ingot obtained after the fourth step to obtain powder alloy steel;
Step six: and (3) heat treatment: and (4) carrying out heat treatment on the powder alloy steel obtained after the treatment in the fifth step.
3. The manufacturing process of the novel alloy steel according to claim 2, characterized in that: the heat treatment comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: annealing: heating the powder alloy steel in a protective gas to 800-880 ℃, preserving heat, slowly cooling to 700 ℃, and then air cooling;
step two: stress relief: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step I to 600-700 ℃, preserving heat, then slowly cooling to 500 ℃, and then cooling;
step three: preheating: firstly, preheating the powder alloy steel processed in the second step to 450-500 ℃ in protective gas, and then preheating the powder alloy steel to 850-900 ℃ for the second time;
Step IV: quenching: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (III) in a protective gas to 1150 ℃, preserving heat, and then rapidly cooling by a cooling medium;
step five: tempering: heating the powder alloy steel processed in the step (IV) to 550 ℃, preserving heat and then cooling.
4. the manufacturing process of the novel alloy steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step I, the powder alloy steel is heated to 800-880 ℃ in the protective gas, then is kept warm for 3 hours, and then is slowly cooled to 700 ℃ at the speed of cooling 10-20 ℃ per hour.
5. the manufacturing process of the novel alloy steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the second step, the powder alloy steel is heated to 600-700 ℃ and then is kept warm for 2 hours.
6. The manufacturing process of the novel alloy steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step IV, the cooling speed of the powder alloy steel per second is more than 7 ℃.
7. the manufacturing process of the novel alloy steel according to claim 3, characterized in that: repeating the step (v) for 3 times, and keeping the temperature for at least 1 hour each time.
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- 2019-10-24 CN CN201911018070.9A patent/CN110541122A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20191206 |