CN1916746A - Device and method for generating high repetition frequency ultrashort ultrastrong laser pulse train - Google Patents
Device and method for generating high repetition frequency ultrashort ultrastrong laser pulse train Download PDFInfo
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- CN1916746A CN1916746A CN 200610030787 CN200610030787A CN1916746A CN 1916746 A CN1916746 A CN 1916746A CN 200610030787 CN200610030787 CN 200610030787 CN 200610030787 A CN200610030787 A CN 200610030787A CN 1916746 A CN1916746 A CN 1916746A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910001751 gemstone Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 90
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001208 nuclear magnetic resonance pulse sequence Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017502 Nd:YVO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052839 forsterite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052594 sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010980 sapphire Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A device for generating a high repetition frequency ultrashort and ultrastrong laser pulse train comprises a mode-locked pulse train self-mode-locked titanium sapphire laser oscillator, a Faraday optical isolator, a non-aberration laser pulse stretcher, a titanium sapphire regenerative amplifier, a laser pulse number selector, a multi-pass titanium sapphire laser amplifier chain, a pumping laser and a grating pair pulse compressor in a vacuum chamber, wherein a direct-current high-voltage signal of a first direct-current high-voltage power supply driven by a first driver is applied to one electrode of an amplifier Pockels box, a direct-current high-voltage signal output by a second direct-current high-voltage power supply driven by a second driver is applied to the other electrode, and a synchronous signal is input into the first driver and the second driver through a first synchronous time delay device to respectively control the work of the first direct-current high-voltage power supply and the work of the second direct-current high-voltage power supply. The invention can output limited laser pulse trains, and can switch between single-pulse output operation and high-repetition-frequency multi-pulse output operation, thereby not only increasing the functions of the laser device, but also improving the performance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultrashort, super strong laser pulse, particularly a kind of apparatus and method that produce ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate.
Background technology
The current ultrashort superpower desk-topization laser aid that builds up based on chirped pulse amplification (being designated hereinafter simply as CPA) technology in the world is mostly based on titanium sapphire laser system.The technology of the ultrashort superpower titanium precious stone laser device of setting up based on the CPA technology is very ripe, its one-piece construction has formed standardization: by the self-locking mode laser oscillator, faraday (Faraday) optoisolator, the laser pulse stretching device, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (can export 10Hz or high) to hundred kHz level laser pulses, single pulse selector, multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain and output repetition frequency 10Hz, pulsewidth is counted nanosecond many 532nm optically pumped lasers of (ns), and the critical pieces such as grating pair pulse shortener in the vacuum chamber are formed, the pulsewidth of the current ultrashort, super strong laser pulse that it is exported＞20 femtoseconds (fs), peak power is near clapping watt (PW, 10
15W), laser pulse repetition frequency mostly is 10 hertz (Hz) or single-shot (being laser pulse of per a few minutes or dozens of minutes emission) greatly; The miniaturization titanium sapphire laser system of repetition frequency KHz (kHz) level, since T.B.Norris obtained 250-400kHz repetition frequency laser pulse in 1992, Shang Weiyou surpassed report (Optics Letters, 1992 of this repetition frequency, 17 volumes, the 1009-1011 page or leaf).So far the highest 1 terawatt (TW) (TW, the 1012W of being about of the peak power of the laser pulse of 1kHz level; V.Bagnoud et al., Applied Physics B,, 70 volumes (Suppl.), S165-S170 page or leaf in 2000).These ultrashort ultra-intense lasers for the mankind provide ultrafast laboratory facilities of unprecedented brand-new high field and extreme physical condition, and have been started this brand-new forward position research field of high field laser physics thus.Yet in some applications, both needed high-power laser pulse, and required laser pulse that very high repetition frequency is arranged again, but still untappedly so far gone out repetition frequency up to megahertz (MHz, 10
6Hz) above and each laser pulse peaks power reaches the ultrashort, super strong laser pulse device of 1TW.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned existing ultrashort superpower titanium precious stone laser device, propose a kind of apparatus and method that produce ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate, this laser aid should be able to be exported repetition frequency in the finite time section to reach 100MHz, each laser pulse peaks power be that 1TW, pulse width are the ultrashort pulse row of tens of fs.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of device that produces ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate, comprise to produce～80 megahertzes, the 10-20 femtosecond, the mode locking pulse row self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator that number is received joule, faraday's optoisolator, aberrationless laser pulse stretching device, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, laser pulse quantity selector switch, multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain, the output repetition frequency, pulsewidth is counted many 532nm optically pumped lasers of nanosecond and the grating pair pulse shortener in the vacuum chamber, and described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier is by polarizer, Faraday polarization apparatus, analyzer, the amplifier Pockels' cell, first completely reflecting mirror, the titanium jewel and second completely reflecting mirror constitute; Described laser pulse quantity selector switch is made of polarizer, selector switch Pockels' cell and analyzer successively, it is characterized in that:
Apply high direct voltage electric signal on electrode of described amplifier Pockels' cell by first DC high-voltage power supply of first driver drives, apply the high direct voltage electric signal by the output of second DC high-voltage power supply of second driver drives on another electrode of this amplifier Pockels' cell, a synchronous signal is imported the work that first driver and second driver are controlled first DC high-voltage power supply and second DC high-voltage power supply respectively by the first synchronizing relay device;
Apply high direct voltage electric signal on the electrode of described selector switch Pockels' cell by the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply of the 3rd driver drives, apply high direct voltage electric signal on another electrode of this selector switch Pockels' cell by the 4th DC high-voltage power supply of the 4th driver drives, described synchronizing signal is imported the work that the 3rd driver and the 4th driver are controlled the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply and the 4th DC high-voltage power supply respectively by the second synchronizing relay device, and a broad-adjustable time gate of open hour is provided.
Second completely reflecting mirror has travel mechanism in the described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, long with the chamber of regulating titanium jewel regenerative amplifier: the time interval τ of adjacent chirped laser pulse: τ=2L/c in the pulse train of control laser system output, wherein: L is effective optical length of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, and c is the light velocity.
Described laser crystal gain media also can be mixes chromium forsterite crystal, Cr:LiSAF, Cr:LiCAF, Yb:YAG or Nd:glass.
The method that described laser aid produces high repetition frequency ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence comprises the following steps:
By the frequency doubled light of the Nd:YVO4 laser instrument of continuous diode laser pumping, the self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator of 532nm pumping produces the mode-locked laser pulse row that～80 megahertzes, 10-20 femtosecond, number are received joule;
These mode-locked laser pulse row enter aberrationless ffner laser pulse stretching device by faraday's optoisolator, the laser pulse stretching of 10-20 femtosecond are become the chirped laser pulse of hundreds of psec;
Described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier is by the 532 nanometer optically pumped laser pumping of 10 hertz of repetition frequencys, pulsewidth 5-10 nanosecond, chirped laser pulse behind the broadening is drawn towards described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, one of them chirped laser pulse repeatedly back and forth is exaggerated in the chamber of this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, obtains 10
6Gain, single pulse energy is amplified to the millijoule magnitude from receiving joule; Pulse energy reaches the maximum moment in the chamber then, in the required ratio of telling energy, applies correspondent voltage and make the chirped laser pulse in the chamber tell part energy on the amplifier Pockels' cell, chirped laser pulse of output outside the chamber; And remaining chirped laser pulse continues to amplify in the chamber in the chamber, make a round trip and just export a chirped laser pulse in succession, till the chamber self-energy is consumed to the greatest extent, like this, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier just moves with 10 hertz repetition rate, one row chirped laser pulse of the limited number that each output time equates at interval, intensity is approaching, repetition frequency＞100 at the interpulse interval of the chirped laser pulse row of this output hertz;
The chirped laser pulse of this output is listed as by follow-up laser pulse quantity selector switch and chooses the number of required chirped laser pulse and improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio), after selected chirped laser pulse is amplified to required energy level through the multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain of 532nm laser instrument pumping in succession, reach tens femtoseconds by the compression of the grating pair pulse shortener in vacuum chamber chirped laser pulse width, this moment, each monopulse peak power can reach more than the 1TW.
The workflow of described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier is:
From t0 constantly, 532nm laser pumping titanium jewel regenerative amplifier is applied with voltage V simultaneously on the electrode of amplifier Pockels' cell
1=V
λ/ 4, wherein V λ is the all-wave magnitude of voltage of amplifier Pockels' cell corresponding to titanium precious stone laser wavelength 800nm, and this moment, the amplifier Pockels' cell was equivalent to a quarter wave plate, makes can not form laser free oscillation and amplification in the titanium jewel regenerative amplifier chamber;
When the logical polarizer of a selected seed chirped laser pulse, Faraday polarization apparatus, analyzer are injected in the titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, reflect once more by behind the amplifier Pockels' cell by the amplifier Pockels' cell and by first completely reflecting mirror, this of the polarization direction half-twist of laser is decided to be t1 constantly, and it is 0 that voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell is moved back; This seed chirped laser pulse is by the analyzer total reflection, amplified by the titanium jewel, by amplifying by the titanium jewel again again after the reflection of second completely reflecting mirror, this seed chirped laser pulse is again by the analyzer total reflection, pass through the amplifier Pockels' cell twice again, owing to do not had voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell, the polarization direction of seed chirped laser pulse does not change, like this, the seed chirped laser pulse that the regenerative amplifier chamber is captured vibrates back and forth in the chamber and is repeatedly amplified, this seed chirped laser pulse is amplified to the t2 moment of maximum gain, adds V on amplifier Pockels' cell electrode
2=-V
λ/ 8, make the laser pulse after amplifying by twice later polarization direction of amplifier Pockels' cell variation take place back and forth, it no longer is linearly polarized light, and become circularly polarized light, this circularly polarized light is penetrated and be divided into two polarized component s1 and p1 when analyzer, wherein the p1 component by analyzer by outside the export cavity, the s1 component is reflected to continue to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies twice gain of getting back through the titanium jewel, the s1 pulse becomes circularly polarized light again by behind twice of the Pockels' cell once more, the p2 component of this circularly polarized light is again by outside the export cavity, the s2 component continues to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies, repeated multiple times like this, this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier can be exported big powers' degree and successively decrease, chirped laser pulse (the P1 that the time interval equates, P2 ... Pn), energy in the regenerative amplifier chamber is depleted, and the chirped laser pulse row of this output depart from original incident direction of light output through Faraday polarization apparatus by the polarizer.
Technique effect of the present invention
Test shows, utilizes apparatus and method of the present invention can export the pulse train of the limited number of repetition frequency＞100MHz, tens fs, power TW level.If when the time gate that laser pulse quantity selector switch provides was only selected chirped laser pulse of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier output, laser aid reverted to the state that a ultrashort, super strong laser pulse is once exported in every operation again.The present invention can be switched laser aid between operation of output monopulse and the operation of output high repetition frequency multiple-pulse, both can increase the function of laser aid, promotes performance again.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram of the ultrashort superpower titanium precious stone laser device of high repetition frequency of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the titanium jewel regenerative amplifier structured flowchart of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 applies the circuit structure block diagram of voltage pulse signal on two electrodes of amplifier Pockels' cell.
The voltage pulse signal synoptic diagram of Fig. 4 on two electrodes of amplifier Pockels' cell, being applied.
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of laser pulse quantity selector switch of the present invention.
Fig. 6 applies the circuit structure block diagram of voltage pulse signal on two electrodes of Pockels' cell of selector switch.
Fig. 7 is applied to the voltage signal synoptic diagram on two electrodes of selector switch Pockels' cell.
Fig. 8 selects 5 by laser pulse quantity selector switch and increases progressively-chirped laser pulse of decrescendo, amplify the autocorrelator trace of the 46fs pulse width of the pulse train waveform of output and laser pulse correspondence after compressing by the grating pair pulse shortener through two-stage multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier.
Among the figure:
Grating pair pulse shortener 9-ultrashort, super strong laser pulse output in many 532nm optically pumped lasers of the 1-self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator 2-faraday optoisolator 3- ffner aberrationless laser pulse stretching device 4-titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 5-laser pulse quantity selector switch 6-multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain 7-8-vacuum chamber
41-polarizer 42-Faraday polarization apparatus 43-analyzer 44-amplifier Pockels' cell
The 45-first completely reflecting mirror 46-titanium jewel 47-second completely reflecting mirror
The direction indication that second completely reflecting mirror (47) moved when 48-changed chamber length
The chirped laser pulse row of the high repetition frequency that 49-exports in the finite time section
The 441-synchronizing signal 442-first synchronizing relay device 443-first driver 444-first DC high-voltage power supply 446-resistance (100-200k Ω) 447-electric capacity (47-100pF) the 448-second DC high-voltage power supply 449-second driver
4401-is added in the voltage signal on electrode of amplifier Pockels' cell
4402-is added in the voltage signal on another electrode of amplifier Pockels' cell
In fact be added in the voltage signal on the amplifier Pockels' cell after the 4403-combination
The direction of propagation of 51-selector switch Pockels' cell 511-polarizer 512-analyzer 513-laser pulse
The 441-synchronizing signal
The 52-second synchronizing relay device 53-the 3rd driver 54-the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply 55-second electric capacity (47-100pF) 56-second resistance (100-200k Ω) 57-the 4th DC high-voltage power supply
58-the 4th driver
514-is added in the voltage signal on electrode of selector switch Pockels' cell
515-is added in the voltage signal on another electrode of selector switch Pockels' cell
In fact be added in the voltage signal on the selector switch Pockels' cell after the 516-combination
The pulse train waveform of 91-compression back output
The pulse width autocorrelator trace of the laser pulse that 92-records
Embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the block diagram of ultrashort superpower titanium precious stone laser device of the present invention.To produce the structure of the device of ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate be a kind of device that produces ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate in the present invention as seen from the figure, comprise to produce～80 megahertzes, the 10-20 femtosecond, the mode locking pulse row self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator 1 that number is received joule, faraday's optoisolator 2, aberrationless laser pulse stretching device 3, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4, laser pulse quantity selector switch 5, multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain 6, output repetition frequency 10Hz, pulsewidth is counted many 532nm optically pumped lasers 7 of nanosecond and the grating pair pulse shortener 8 in the vacuum chamber, and described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is by polarizer 41, Faraday polarization apparatus 42, analyzer 43, amplifier Pockels' cell 44, first completely reflecting mirror 45, the titanium jewel 46 and second completely reflecting mirror 47 constitute; Described laser pulse quantity selector switch 5 is made of polarizer 511, selector switch Pockels' cell 51 and analyzer 512 successively, it is characterized in that:
Apply the high direct voltage electric signal of first DC high-voltage power supply 444 that drives by first driver 443 on 44 1 electrodes of described amplifier Pockels' cell, apply the high direct voltage electric signal of second DC high-voltage power supply, 448 outputs that driven by second driver 449 on another electrode of this amplifier Pockels' cell 44, a synchronous signal 441 is controlled the work of first DC high-voltage power supply 444 and second DC high-voltage power supply 448 respectively by the first synchronizing relay device, 442 input first drivers 443 and second driver 449;
Apply the high direct voltage electric signal of the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply 54 that drives by the 3rd driver 53 on the electrode of described selector switch Pockels' cell 51, apply the high direct voltage electric signal of the 4th DC high-voltage power supply 57 that drives by the 4th driver 58 on another electrode of this selector switch Pockels' cell 51, described synchronizing signal 441 is controlled the work of the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply 54 and the 4th DC high-voltage power supply 57 respectively by the second synchronizing relay device 52 input the 3rd drivers 53 and the 4th driver 58, and a broad-adjustable time gate of open hour is provided.
It is as follows that the present invention produces the operating process of structure of device of ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate:
Nd:YVO by the continuous diode laser pumping
4The self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator 1 of the frequency doubled light of laser instrument (532nm, export several watts continuously) pumping produces about 80MHz, 10-20fs, number and receives the mode-locked laser pulse of joule (nJ) and be listed as.These mode-locked laser pulse row enter aberrationless ffner laser pulse stretching device 3 by faraday's optoisolator 2, the 10-20fs laser pulse stretching are become the chirped laser pulse of hundreds of psec (ps).Titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is by 532nm optically pumped laser 7 pumping of repetition frequency 10Hz, pulsewidth 5-10ns.Chirped laser pulse behind the broadening is drawn towards described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4, and one of them chirped laser pulse repeatedly back and forth is exaggerated in the chamber of this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4, obtains about 10
6Gain, single pulse energy is amplified to the mJ magnitude from nJ; Pulse energy reaches the maximum moment in the chamber then, in the required ratio of telling energy, applies correspondent voltage and make the chirped laser pulse in the chamber tell part energy on Pockels' cell 44, chirped laser pulse of output outside the chamber; And remaining chirped laser pulse continues to amplify in the chamber in the chamber, makes a round trip just to export a chirped laser pulse in succession, till the chamber self-energy is consumed to the greatest extent.Like this, described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 just moves with the repetition rate of 10Hz, a row chirped laser pulse of the limited number that each output time equates at interval, intensity is approaching.Repetition frequency＞100MHz is determined by the chamber of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is long in the interpulse interval (that is to say repetition frequency) of output chirped laser row.Then these chirped laser pulse row utilize follow-up laser pulse quantity selector switch 5 to choose the number of required chirped laser pulse and improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).After selected chirped laser pulse is amplified to required energy level through the multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain 6 of 532nm laser instrument 7 pumping in succession, reach tens fs by the 8 compression chirped laser pulse width of the grating pair pulse shortener in the vacuum chamber, this moment, each monopulse peak power can reach more than the 1TW.
So above-mentioned laser system output repetition frequency reaches＞spike train of the limited number of 100MHz, tens fs, power TW level.
Please participate in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, Fig. 2 illustrates the structure of titanium jewel amplifier 4 of the present invention, and Fig. 3 illustrates and produces the circuit block diagram that puts on the voltage waveform on the Pockels' cell 44 in the regenerative amplifier.Fig. 4 is illustrated in the voltage signal and the method for operation that is applied on the amplifier Pockels' cell 44.
The workflow of described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is: from t0 constantly, 532nm laser pumping titanium jewel is applied with 1/4 all-wave voltage, V simultaneously on an electrode of amplifier Pockels' cell 44
1=V
λ/ 4, V
λBe the all-wave magnitude of voltage of this Pockels' cell corresponding to titanium precious stone laser wavelength 800nm, this moment, the amplifier Pockels' cell was equivalent to a quarter wave plate, made can not form laser free oscillation and amplification in titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 chambeies.When the logical polarizer 41 of a selected chirped laser pulse, Faraday polarization apparatus 42, analyzer 43 are injected in the titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, reflect once more by behind the Pockels' cell 44 by amplifier Pockels' cell 44 and by first completely reflecting mirror 45, the polarization direction half-twist of laser, this is decided to be t1 constantly, and it is 0 that voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell 44 is moved back.This seed chirped laser pulse 41 is amplified by titanium jewel 46 by analyzer 43 total reflections, by amplifying by titanium jewel 46 again again after 47 reflections of second completely reflecting mirror.This seed chirped laser pulse is again by analyzer 43 total reflections, again by amplifier Pockels' cell 44 twice.Owing to do not had voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell 44, the polarization direction of seed chirped laser pulse does not change.Like this, this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier chamber seed chirped laser pulse of capturing in the chamber back and forth vibration repeatedly amplified.The t2 that is amplified to maximum gain at the seed chirped laser pulse constantly adds-1/8 all-wave voltage, V on Pockels' cell 44 electrodes
2=-V
λ/ 8, the laser pulse behind feasible the amplification no longer is linearly polarized light, and becomes circularly polarized light by Pockels' cell 44 twice later polarization direction variation having taken place back and forth.This circularly polarized light is penetrated and be divided into two polarized component s1 and p1 when analyzer 43, and wherein by outside the export cavity, the s1 component is reflected to continue to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies twice gain of getting back through titanium jewel 46 the p1 component by analyzer 43.The s1 pulse becomes circularly polarized light by amplifier Pockels' cell 44 again after twice once more, and the p2 component of this circularly polarized light is again by outside the export cavity, and the s2 component continues to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies.Repeated multiple times like this, regenerative amplifier can export the chirped laser pulse that big powers' degree successively decreases, the time interval equates (p1, p2, p3, p4 ...), the energy in the regenerative amplifier chamber is depleted.The chirped laser pulse row of output depart from original incident direction of light output through Faraday polarization apparatus 42 by polarizer 41.The time interval between the adjacent laser pulse in the chirped laser pulse row of output was determined by the used time of laser pulse round trip in the chamber, promptly can according to shown in the direction 48 of double-head arrow long along the chamber that the position that optical axis moves second completely reflecting mirror 47 changes titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 44, so that control repetition frequency (calculating formula: time interval τ=2L/c, L is the optical length in chamber, and c is the light velocity).The shape of above-mentioned situation output chirped laser pulse row is decrescendos.If t2 is selected in the seed chirped laser pulse and is amplified to a certain moment before the maximum gain, the shape of then exporting the chirped laser pulse row is near increasing progressively-decrescendo.Promptly export the shape of chirped laser pulse row and pulse number by t2 fixed moment and impose on the step of second on the Pockels' cell 44 voltage V2 determined (V2 ≠ ± V1,0＜| V2|＜V
λ/ 4).Begun constantly to finish constantly to t3 by t0, time width＜2 microseconds (μ s) is advisable.
The high repetition frequency chirped laser pulse row of being exported in the finite time section by titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 49 come the number of gating pulse and the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of raising spike train by a laser pulse quantity selector switch 5, it is the Pockels' cell electrooptical switching that an open hour width can be regulated, its structure as shown in Figure 5, it is made up of with Pockels' cell 51 polarizer 511 of quadrature and analyzer 512.Fig. 6 illustrates and produces the circuit block diagram that puts on the voltage waveform on the selector switch Pockels' cell 51.Fig. 7 is illustrated in the voltage signal and the method for operation that is applied on the selector switch Pockels' cell 51.T1 can regulate (deciding according to the pulse number that will choose) to the time width of T2.After the chirped laser pulse of selecting is listed as and enters multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain 6 be amplified to required energy level after expanding bundle, reach tens fs by the 8 compression chirped pulse width of the grating pair pulse shortener in the vacuum chamber, the pulse repetition rate of the last laser pulse of in the finite time section, exporting 9 for＞100MHz (corresponding to the long L=1.4 rice in the chamber of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4, repetition frequency is 107MHz), the peak power of each pulse can reach 1TW.
In above-mentioned ultrashort ultra-intense laser device, if when the time gate that laser pulse quantity selector switch provides was only selected chirped laser pulse of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 outputs, laser aid reverted to the state that a ultrashort, super strong laser pulse is once exported in every operation again.The present invention can be switched laser aid between operation of output monopulse and the operation of output high repetition frequency multiple-pulse, both can increase the function of laser aid, promotes performance again.
Be the concrete parameter of one embodiment of the present of invention below:
Utilize method of the present invention, the ultrashort superpower titanium precious stone laser device of CPA of the 10TW level of the structure test that produces the high repetition frequency pulse train as shown in Figure 1.
Set: the chamber length of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is 1.4 meters, amplifier Pockels' cell 44 is made by the KD*P crystal, on this amplifier Pockels' cell 44, apply voltage pulse signal V λ/4-0--V λ/8 (V λ=9.6kV) adopts to increase progressively-way of output of decrescendo according to shown in Figure 4; The time gate of laser pulse quantity selector switch 5 can be selected 5 pulses.Move this laser aid in the usual way.Like this, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier 4 is 10 chirped laser pulses of output continuously, and repetition frequency is 107MHz.Select 5 laser pulses through laser pulse quantity selector switch 5, amplify by two-stage multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier 6 again, enter the grating pair pulse shortener 8 compression chirped laser pulses in the vacuum chamber then, export the ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence (see Fig. 8 91) of repetition frequency 107MHz at last, pulse width 46fs (see Fig. 8 92), the on average power＞1TW of each pulse.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of device that produces ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence in high repetition rate, comprise to produce～80 megahertzes, the 10-20 femtosecond, the mode locking pulse row self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator (1) that number is received joule, faraday's optoisolator (2), aberrationless laser pulse stretching device (3), titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4), laser pulse quantity selector switch (5), multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain (6), output repetition frequency 10Hz, pulsewidth is counted many 532nm optically pumped lasers (7) of nanosecond and the grating pair pulse shortener (8) in the vacuum chamber, and described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) is by polarizer (41), Faraday polarization apparatus (42), analyzer (43), amplifier Pockels' cell (44), first completely reflecting mirror (45), titanium jewel (46) and second completely reflecting mirror (47) constitute; Described laser pulse quantity selector switch (5) is made of polarizer (511), selector switch Pockels' cell (51) and analyzer (512) successively, it is characterized in that:
Apply the high direct voltage electric signal of first DC high-voltage power supply (444) that drives by first driver (443) on (44) electrodes of described amplifier Pockels' cell, apply the high direct voltage electric signal of second DC high-voltage power supply (448) output that is driven by second driver (449) on another electrode of this amplifier Pockels' cell (44), a synchronous signal (441) is controlled the work of first DC high-voltage power supply (444) and second DC high-voltage power supply (448) respectively by the first synchronizing relay device (442) input first driver (443) and second driver (449);
Apply the high direct voltage electric signal of the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply (54) that drives by the 3rd driver (53) on the electrode of described selector switch Pockels' cell (51), apply the high direct voltage electric signal of the 4th DC high-voltage power supply (57) that drives by the 4th driver (58) on another electrode of this selector switch Pockels' cell (51), described synchronizing signal (441) is controlled the work of the 3rd DC high-voltage power supply (54) and the 4th DC high-voltage power supply (57) respectively by the second synchronizing relay device (52) input the 3rd driver (53) and the 4th driver (58), and a broad-adjustable time gate of open hour is provided.
2, according to claims 1 described laser aid, it is characterized in that second completely reflecting mirror (47) has travel mechanism in the described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4), long with the chamber of regulating titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4): the time interval τ of adjacent chirped laser pulse: τ=2L/c in the pulse train of control laser system output, wherein: L is effective optical length of titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4), and c is the light velocity.
3,, it is characterized in that described laser crystal gain media also can be and mix chromium forsterite crystal, Cr:LiSAF, Cr:LiCAF, Yb:YAG or Nd:glass according to claims 1 described laser aid.
4, utilize the described laser aid of claim 1 to produce the method for high repetition frequency ultrashort, super strong laser pulse sequence, it is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
By the frequency doubled light of the Nd:YVO4 laser instrument of continuous diode laser pumping, the self-locking mode titanium precious stone laser oscillator (1) of 532nm pumping produces the mode-locked laser pulse row that～80 megahertzes, 10-20 femtosecond, number are received joule;
These mode-locked laser pulse row enter aberrationless ffner laser pulse stretching device (3) by faraday's optoisolator (2), the laser pulse stretching of 10-20 femtosecond are become the chirped laser pulse of hundreds of psec;
Described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) is by 532 nanometer optically pumped laser (7) pumping of 10 hertz of repetition frequencys, pulsewidth 5-10 nanosecond, chirped laser pulse behind the broadening is drawn towards described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4), one of them chirped laser pulse repeatedly back and forth is exaggerated in the chamber of this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4), obtains 10
6Gain, single pulse energy is amplified to the millijoule magnitude from receiving joule; Pulse energy reaches the maximum moment in the chamber then, in the required ratio of telling energy, applies correspondent voltage and make the chirped laser pulse in the chamber tell part energy on amplifier Pockels' cell (44), chirped laser pulse of output outside the chamber; And remaining chirped laser pulse continues to amplify in the chamber in the chamber, make a round trip and just export a chirped laser pulse in succession, till the chamber self-energy is consumed to the greatest extent, like this, titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) just moves with 10 hertz repetition rate, one row chirped laser pulse of the limited number that each output time equates at interval, intensity is approaching, repetition frequency＞100 at the interpulse interval of the chirped laser pulse row of this output hertz;
The chirped laser pulse row of this output are chosen the number of required chirped laser pulse and are improved signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) by follow-up laser pulse quantity selector switch (5), after the multipass titanium precious stone laser amplifier chain (6) that selected chirped laser pulse passes through 532nm laser instrument (7) pumping in succession is amplified to required energy level, reach tens femtoseconds by the compression of the grating pair pulse shortener (8) in vacuum chamber chirped laser pulse width, this moment, each monopulse peak power can reach more than the 1TW.
5, method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the workflow of described titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) is:
From t0 constantly, 532nm laser pumping titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) is applied with voltage V simultaneously on the electrode of amplifier Pockels' cell (44)
1=V
λ/ 4, V wherein
λBe the all-wave magnitude of voltage of amplifier Pockels' cell (44) corresponding to titanium precious stone laser wavelength 800nm, amplifier Pockels' cell this moment (44) is equivalent to a quarter wave plate, makes can not form laser free oscillation and amplification in titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) chamber; When the logical polarizer (41) of a selected seed chirped laser pulse, Faraday polarization apparatus (42), analyzer (43) are injected in the titanium jewel regenerative amplifier, reflect once more by behind the amplifier Pockels' cell (44) by amplifier Pockels' cell (44) and by first completely reflecting mirror (45), this of the polarization direction half-twist of laser is decided to be t1 constantly, and it is 0 that voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell (44) is moved back; This seed chirped laser pulse is by analyzer (43) total reflection, amplified by titanium jewel (46), by amplifying by titanium jewel (46) again again after second completely reflecting mirror (47) reflection, this seed chirped laser pulse is again by analyzer (43) total reflection, again by amplifier Pockels' cell (44) twice, owing to do not had voltage on the amplifier Pockels' cell (44), the polarization direction of seed chirped laser pulse does not change, like this, the seed chirped laser pulse that the regenerative amplifier chamber is captured vibrates back and forth in the chamber and is repeatedly amplified, this seed chirped laser pulse is amplified to the t2 moment of maximum gain, adds V on amplifier Pockels' cell (44) electrode
2=-V
λ/ 8, make the laser pulse after amplifying by amplifier Pockels' cell (44) twice later polarization direction variation take place back and forth, it no longer is linearly polarized light, and become circularly polarized light, this circularly polarized light is penetrated and be divided into two polarized component s1 and p1 when analyzer (43), wherein the p1 component passes through analyzer (43) by outside the export cavity, the s1 component is reflected to continue to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies twice gain of getting back through titanium jewel (46), the s1 pulse becomes circularly polarized light by Pockels' cell (44) again after twice once more, the p2 component of this circularly polarized light is again by outside the export cavity, the s2 component continues to be trapped in the chamber and amplifies, repeated multiple times like this, this titanium jewel regenerative amplifier (4) can be exported big powers' degree and successively decrease, chirped laser pulse (the P1 that the time interval equates, P2 ... Pn), energy in regenerative amplifier (4) chamber is depleted, and the chirped laser pulse row of this output depart from original incident direction of light output through Faraday polarization apparatus (42) by the polarizer (41).
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