CN1913151B - 用于闪光和自动聚焦应用的发光二极管模块 - Google Patents

用于闪光和自动聚焦应用的发光二极管模块 Download PDF

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CN1913151B
CN1913151B CN2006101095466A CN200610109546A CN1913151B CN 1913151 B CN1913151 B CN 1913151B CN 2006101095466 A CN2006101095466 A CN 2006101095466A CN 200610109546 A CN200610109546 A CN 200610109546A CN 1913151 B CN1913151 B CN 1913151B
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欧苏林
李健欣
李孟维
庞斯译
叶弘华
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Abstract

闪光模块具有光学耦合到具有第一视角的第一透镜的第一发光二极管(“LED”)以及光学耦合到具有第二视角的第二透镜的第二LED。第二视角大于第一视角。耦合到第一LED的第一控制信号线允许选择性地激活第一LED。耦合到第二LED的第二控制信号线激活第二LED。

Description

用于闪光和自动聚焦应用的发光二极管模块
技术领域
本发明涉及用于闪光和自动聚焦应用的发光二极管模块。
背景技术
数字静态成像装置,如数字静态照像机(“DSC”)和包括成像装置的移动电话(“照像机电话”)当在低光照条件下获取图像时通常需要例如来自闪光模块的辅助发光。DSC和照像机电话通常具有用于该目的的内置的闪光模块。一般希望闪光模块产生照像机的视角内的光,以便均匀地照射图像的目标。
不同类型的光源被用于产生用于闪光的光。白光一般能在图像中获得较好的色彩。气体放电管是一类用在闪光应用中的光源。发光二极管(“LED”)是另一类用在闪光应用中的光源。LED芯片产生基本是单色(波长)的光。“白光LED”是利用波长转换材料将来自LED芯片的光转换为不同波长而获得的,并且来自加有波长转换材料的LED芯片的光的组合将产生白光。
辅助发光也用在某些DSC中以在获取图像之前辅助将装置自动聚焦在目标上的操作。分离的LED被提供用于该目的,并且被通称为“自动聚焦辅助LED”(“AFA LED”)。AFA LED通常通过窄的视角产生高的亮度,这与闪光模块不同,闪光模块通过相对较宽的视角产生光,并且与闪光源相分离。
图1A示出了具有AFA LED 102和闪光模块104的现有技术的DSC100。闪光模块是非LED光源,如气体放电管。在DSC 100的表面上有足够的面积来放置AFA和闪光光源;然而,难以在更小的数字成像装置(如更小的DSC和照像机电话)上容纳这两种光源。AFA LED通常从照像机电话中略去,这影响了电话的自动聚焦功能,尤其是在低光照条件下。因此,希望提供一种避免了上述问题的自动聚焦辅助光。
发明内容
闪光模块具有光学耦合到具有第一视角的第一透镜的第一发光二极管(“LED”)以及光学耦合到具有第二视角的第二透镜的第二LED。第二视角大于第一视角。耦合到第一LED的第一控制信号线允许选择性地激活第一LED。耦合到第二LED的第二控制信号线激活第二LED。
附图说明
图1示出了具有AFA LED和闪光模块的现有技术的DSC。
图2是根据本发明实施例的闪光模块的截面图。
图3示出了在AF模式和闪光模式中图2的光源的相对光强与偏轴角(off-axis angle)之间的关系。
图4是根据本发明实施例的成像装置的图。
图5是根据本发明实施例操作成像装置的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
图2是根据本发明实施例的闪光模块200的截面图。闪光模块200具有三个LED芯片202、204、206。在特定实施例中,每个LED芯片发射蓝光。或者,每个LED芯片发射紫外(“UV”)光。在其他实施例中,LED芯片发射不同波长的光。例如,第一芯片202是发蓝光的LED,第二芯片204是发红光的LED,第三芯片206是发绿光的LED。用于自动聚焦的LED可以是与自动聚焦系统相兼容的任何颜色。LED芯片202、204、206覆盖有波长转换材料208。波长转换材料将LED芯片发射的光(通称为“初级辐射”)转换为其他波长。从而,LED芯片发射的蓝光被转换为可见光谱中的不同颜色,这些颜色组合从而从闪光模块200中产生白光。
在特定实施例中,波长转换材料208具有分散在环氧树脂基体中的非常精细的无机发光材料材料粒子。当被来自LED芯片的初级辐射照射时,无机发光材料粒子发射具有更长波长的光(通称为“次级辐射”)。不同的无机发光材料发射不同波长(颜色)的次级辐射,从而无机发光材料在环氧树脂基体中混合,以从LED芯片的初级发射中产生白光。
或者,例如当LED芯片发射不同的初级辐射时,不同的波长转换材料被用于不同的LED芯片中。类似地,量子点(quantum dot)可与无机发光材料粒子结合使用或者替换无机发光材料粒子。在另一替换实施例中,诸如无机发光材料粒子和/或量子点之类的波长转换材料分散在诸如硅树脂弹性体之类的基体中,并且被施加到LED芯片的顶部。
透镜化结构210具有三个透镜(光学圆顶)212、214、216,这三个透镜光学耦合到各个LED芯片202、204、206,以分散选定辐射模式(“视角”)中的光。第一212和第三216光学圆顶分散约55度和约70度之间的视角218的光。第二光学圆顶214分散约8度和约10度之间的视角220的光。或者,透镜化结构具有两个光学圆顶。在实施例中,透镜化结构被形成(例如,注塑或模塑)为单片光学聚合物。
LED芯片202、204、206安装在衬底222上,一般在反射性杯状部224、226、228内。衬底是例如塑料封装衬底、印刷电路板衬底或引线框衬底。波长转换材料以液体形式分散到封装衬底上并且被固化,透镜化结构210被固定到封装衬底222上。在特定实施例中,固化的波长转换环氧树脂将透镜化结构固定到封装衬底上。或者,使用粘合剂(或者充满反射性杯状部或者位于两个组件的界面处)或热键合来将透镜化结构固定到封装衬底上。从而,波长转换材料208实质上充满了LED芯片和透镜化结构210之间的空间。结合透镜的外表面选择与LED芯片相对的透镜表面的曲率,以提供期望的辐射模式。波长转换材料提供了LED芯片和透镜化结构之间的折射率匹配,从而提高了闪光模块的效率。
选择LED芯片202的发射面和透镜化结构的相对面230之间的距离,以提供期望的波长转换,而不会不适当地减小光强。例如,轻微掺有无机发光材料的环氧基体比重掺有无机发光材料的环氧基体厚。如果初级辐射对闪光模块的颜色(“组合发射”)有贡献(例如当使用蓝光LED时),重掺杂的波长转换材料的厚层可能从闪光中去除太多的初级辐射,这改变了颜色平衡。
第二LED芯片204可与第一和第三LED芯片202、206独立控制。在成像设备的操作期间,第二LED芯片204被激活以提供明亮的窄光束,从而增强对比度,并使得DSC传感器能够在具有暗淡光照的环境中聚焦。成像设备聚焦在被第二LED芯片204和第二光学圆顶214照射的目标上。然后,所有三个LED芯片202、204、206被激活以提供照射目标的闪光,从而转向图像捕捉。在闪光操作期间期望有更宽的辐射模式,以更加均匀地照射目标。或者,第二LED芯片204在闪光操作期间不被激活。
图3示出了在从成像器(即光源)到图2的闪光模块的目标的距离处相对光强与偏轴角(即束扩展)之间的关系。第一曲线302示出了当第二LED芯片(参考图2,标号204)被激活以提供用于自动聚焦的辅助光时目标处的光分布。第二曲线304示出了当第一、第二和第三LED芯片(参考图2,标号202、204、206)被激活以提供闪光功能时目标处的光分布。在特定实施例中,LED芯片204在自动聚焦操作期间以约30mA到约50mA的电流驱动,并且在闪光操作期间以小于30mA的电流驱动。
图4是根据本发明实施例的成像装置400的一部分的图。成像装置400包括具有多个LED 404、406、408的闪光模块402。每个LED具有关联透镜(未示出,见图2,标号212、214、216)。LED是LED芯片,或者是具有波长转换层的LED芯片。在后一情形中,不需要额外的波长转换材料(见图2,标号208);然而,可以使用在LED和透镜之间实现折射率匹配的材料。来自第一和第三LED 404、408的辐射模式比来自第二LED 406的辐射模式宽。在特定实施例中,每个LED是发白光的LED。
成像设备具有闪光模块控制电路410,闪光模块控制电路410在控制信号线412、414上向闪光模块402提供控制信号。第一控制信号在AFA操作期间只激活第二LED 406。第二控制信号在闪光操作期间激活第一和第三LED 404、408。在一个实施例中,第二LED 406在闪光操作期间也由第一控制信号激活。透镜设计避免了在图像捕捉期间中央“热点”(即,照射量比其周围多的区域)的形成。在替换实施例中,第二二LED406在闪光操作期间由第三控制信号激活。在实施例中,第三控制信号使第二LED偏置在比第二控制信号低的电流处。这确保了闪光操作期间的足够亮度,并进一步避免了中央热点的形成。在又一实施例中,第二LED406在闪光操作期间被与激活第一和第三LED 404、408相同的控制信号激活。
图5是根据本发明实施例操作成像装置500的方法的流程图。第一控制信号被提供给闪光模块以激活闪光模块中的第一LED,从而提供AFA光束(步骤502)。成像装置聚焦在目标上(步骤504),然后第二控制信号被提供给闪光模块以激活闪光模块中的至少第二LED,从而提供辅助闪光光束(“闪光”)(步骤506)。在特定实施例中,第二控制信号还激活第一LED。在又一实施例中,第二控制信号在闪光期间激活额外的LED。在特定实施例中,第一和第二LED是发白光的LED。
尽管已经详细描述了本发明的优选实施例,但是应当清楚对于本领域技术人员来说可以对这些实施例进行修改和改动,而不脱离所附权利要求给出的本发明的范围。

Claims (12)

1.一种闪光模块,包括:
第一发光二极管;
光学耦合到所述第一发光二极管并且具有第一视角的第一透镜;
耦合到所述第一发光二极管以利用第一控制信号选择性地激活所述第一发光二极管的第一控制信号线;
第二发光二极管;
光学耦合到所述第二发光二极管并且具有大于所述第一视角的第二视角的第二透镜;
耦合到所述第二发光二极管以利用第二控制信号激活所述第二发光二极管的第二控制信号线,
其中,所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜结合在透镜化结构中,并且
其中,首先利用第一控制信号激活所述第一发光二极管以提供明亮窄光束,然后,再利用所述第二控制信号线激活所述第二发光二极管以与所述第一发光二极管一起提供较宽范围的均匀光分布。
2.如权利要求1所述的闪光模块,其中所述第二控制信号还耦合到所述第一发光二极管以并发地激活所述第一发光二极管和所述第二发光二极管。
3.如权利要求2所述的闪光模块,其中所述第一控制信号向所述第一发光二极管提供第一电流,所述第二控制信号向所述第一发光二极管提供第二电流,所述第一电流大于所述第二电流。
4.如权利要求3所述的闪光模块,其中所述第一电流不小于30mA,所述第二电流小于30mA。
5.如权利要求1所述的闪光模块,还包括:
第三发光二极管;
光学耦合到所述第三发光二极管并且具有第三视角的第三透镜,其中所述第二控制信号还耦合到所述第三发光二极管,并且所述第三发光二极管也被所述第二控制信号并发地激活。
6.如权利要求5所述的闪光模块,其中所述第三视角基本等于所述第二视角。
7.如权利要求5所述的闪光模块,其中所述第一发光二极管是第一白色发光二极管,所述第二发光二极管是第二白色发光二极管,所述第三发光二极管是第三白色发光二极管。
8.如权利要求1所述的闪光模块,其中所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜和所述第三透镜结合在透镜化结构中。
9.如权利要求8所述的闪光模块,还包括分散在所述透镜化结构与所述第一发光二极管、所述第二发光二极管和所述第三发光二极管之间的波长转换材料。
10.如权利要求9所述的闪光模块,其中所述波长转换材料包括分散在环氧基体中的无机发光材料粒子。
11.如权利要求10所述的闪光模块,其中所述波长转换材料从所述第二发光二极管延伸到所述透镜化结构的相对面。
12.如权利要求1所述的闪光模块,其中所述第一视角在约8度和约10度之间,所述第二视角在约55度和约70度之间。
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