CN1907241B - 通过内窥镜执行胃缩小手术的装置和方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种关节运动内窥镜器械,其适于正确定向胃,以便以有效方式切割和缝合。所述器械包括:具有第一端部和第二端部的主体构件,沿所述主体构件的多个抽吸孔,其与在所述主体构件的第一端部处的抽吸入口流体连通,以用于沿所述主体构件产生抽吸,和沿所述主体构件定位的关节运动接头。一种用于胃缩小手术的方法,其通过以下步骤实现:将内窥镜器械插入到胃内和使所述关节运动内窥镜器械作关节运动以大体设置松弛的胃的形状,通过所述关节运动内窥镜器械施加抽吸以将胃组织吸引到与所述关节运动内窥镜器械接触,使所述关节运动内窥镜器械关节运动至所需的方位,和完成胃缩小手术。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及胃缩小手术。更特别地,本发明涉及通过内窥镜执行胃缩小手术的方法和装置。
背景技术
病理性肥胖是一种严重的医学状态。事实上,病理性肥胖在美国以及其他国家已经变得非常普遍,并且看上去这种趋势正在向着消极方向发展。与病理性肥胖有关的并发症包括使期望寿命显著缩短的高血压、糖尿病、冠状动脉疾病、中风、充血性心力衰竭、多种整形外科问题以及肺动脉瓣闭锁不全。考虑到这一点,本领域技术人员必然能理解,与病理性肥胖有关的资金和物质成本是巨大的。事实上,据估计,仅在美国涉及肥胖的花费超过1000亿美元。
已经发展了多种外科手术来治疗肥胖。最常进行的一种手术是Roux-en-Y(鲁氏Y形)胃旁路术(RYGB)。这种手术高度复杂,并且用于治疗病理性肥胖的人。尽管该手术操作复杂,但仅在美国一个国家每年进行超过100,000例手术。其它形式的肥胖治疗外科手术包括Fobi袋、胆胰转流术以及胃成形术或者“胃间隔手术”。此外,已知可植入装置,其限制食物通过胃部的通道并影响饱胀感。
RYGB涉及使用Roux-en-Y环将空肠移动到较高位置。采用自动缝合装置将胃完全分成两个不相等的部分(一个较小的上部和一个较大的下部胃袋)。通常测得上部袋不到大约1盎司(或者20cc),而较大的下部胃袋通常保持完整并继续分泌流经肠道的胃液。
然后将一段小肠从下腹部引来并将其与上部袋连接,以形成通过半英寸的开口(也称为人造口)建立的吻合。这段小肠被称为“鲁氏环(Roux环)”,它将食物从上部袋运送到小肠的剩余部分,在那里消化食物。然后将剩余的下部袋以及相连的十二指肠部分重新连接,通常使用钉合器械形成在距离该人造口大约50到150厘米位置处的与Roux环的另一个吻合连接。正是在该连接处来自旁路的胃、胰腺以及肝脏的消化液进入空肠和回肠,辅助食物消化。由于上部袋的尺寸较小,患者被迫以较慢的速率饮食,并更快地感到饱胀。这导致热量摄入的减少。
传统的RYGB手术需要大量的手术时间。由于侵入的程度,术后康复时间可能相当长而且非常痛苦。
考虑到目前的RYGB手术固有的高度侵入性,已发展了一些其它侵入较小的手术。最常见的胃缩小手术形式涉及沿着胃应用垂直的钉来形成一个合适的袋。手术通常通过腹腔镜来进行,并同样需要大量的术前、术中和术后资源。
由于创伤的程度,希望提供将有助于减小手术时间和增强整个手术的器械和方法。本发明提供了用于以微创手术帮助进行胃缩小手术而使患者的肥胖症减轻的器械和方法。
发明内容
所以,本发明的目的是提供一种适于正确定向胃以用于有效地切割和缝合的关节运动内窥镜器械。所述器械包括:具有第一端部和第二端部的主体构件,沿所述主体构件的多个抽吸孔,其与在所述主体构件的第一端部处的抽吸入口流体连通以用于沿所述主体构件产生抽吸,和沿所述主体构件定位的关节运动接头。
本发明还有一个目的是提供一种用于胃缩小手术的方法。所述方法通过以下步骤实现:将关节运动内窥镜器械插入到胃内和使所述关节运动内窥镜器械作关节运动以大体呈胃的松弛形状,通过所述关节运动内窥镜器械施加抽吸以将胃组织吸引到与所述关节运动内窥镜器械接触,使所述关节运动内窥镜器械关节运动至所需的方位,和完成胃缩小手术。
更具体地说,本发明还涉及如下内容:
(1)一种适于正确定向胃以便有效地切割和缝合的关节运动内窥镜器械,包括:
具有第一端部和第二端部的主体构件;
沿所述主体构件的多个抽吸孔,其与在所述主体构件的第一端部处的抽吸入口流体连通,用于沿所述主体构件产生抽吸;和
沿所述主体构件定位的关节运动接头。
(2)如第(1)项所述的关节运动内窥镜器械,其中,所述主体构件包括定位在所述关节运动接头的近侧和远侧的抽吸孔。
(3)如第(1)项所述的关节运动内窥镜器械,进一步包括控制所述主体构件围绕所述关节运动接头的关节运动电缆。
(4)一种用于胃缩小手术的方法,包括以下步骤:
将关节运动内窥镜器械插入到胃内并且使所述关节运动内窥镜器械作关节运动以大体设定松弛的胃的形状;
通过所述关节运动内窥镜器械施加抽吸,以将胃组织吸引到与所述关节运动内窥镜器械接触;
使所述关节运动内窥镜器械关节运动至所需的方位;和
完成胃缩小手术。
(5)如第(4)项所述的方法,其中,所述关节运动内窥镜器械包括:具有第一端部和第二端部的主体构件,所述主体构件的第一端部包括用于连接到细长轴的部件;沿所述主体构件的多个抽吸孔,其与在所述主体构件的第一端部处的抽吸入口流体连通,用于沿所述主体构件产生抽吸;和沿所述主体构件定位的关节运动接头。
(6)如第(4)项所述的方法,其中,所述插入步骤经口执行。
(7)如第(4)项所述的方法,其中,关节运动至所需方位的步骤包括使所述关节运动内窥镜器械关节运动到基本上直的位置。
(8)如第(4)项所述的方法,其中,所述完成步骤包括沿着所述关节运动内窥镜器械缝合和切割胃组织。
(9)如第(8)项所述的方法,其中,关节运动至所需方位的步骤包括使所述关节运动内窥镜器械关节运动到基本上直的位置。
(10)如第(8)项所述的方法,其中,所述完成步骤进一步包括执行RYGB手术。
当结合阐明本发明的某些实施方式的附图来看时,从下面的具体描述将可见本发明的其它目标和优点。
附图说明
图1-4显示了使用本关节运动内窥镜装置的步骤。
图5是本关节运动内窥镜装置的透视图。
图6和7分别是显示出处于基本上直的位置和弯曲位置的关节运动内窥镜装置的远端的详示图。
具体实施方式
在此公开了本发明的具体实施方式。然而应当理解,所公开的实施方式仅仅是本发明的举例,本发明可以体现为各种形式。所以,在此公开的细节不能被解释成限制,而仅仅应当被解释成权利要求的基础和教导本领域技术人员如何实现和/或使用本发明的基础。
本领域的技术人员无疑将会理解,RYGB涉及使用后丘(retrocollic)鲁氏Y型环将空肠移动到高位置。使用自动缝合装置将胃完全分为两个不相等的部分(较小的上部和较大的下部胃袋),并且切割表面由附加缝线加强。通常所测量的上部袋小于大约1盎司(或20cc),而较大的下部袋保持大致完整并且继续分泌流过肠道的胃液。
然后从下腹部取一段小肠(就在十二指肠的远端或空肠的近端)并且与上部袋接合以形成通过半英寸的开口(也称为人造口)产生的吻合。该段小肠被称为“鲁氏分支”并且将食物从上部袋带到肠的其余部分,在那里食物被消化。之后,其余的下部袋以及连接的十二指肠段通常使用缝合器械重新连接,以便在离人造口大约50-150cm的位置处形成与鲁氏环的另一吻合连接。正是在该连接处,来自旁路胃、胰和肝的消化液进入空肠或回肠以辅助消化食物。由于上部袋的尺寸小,迫使患者以较慢的速度吃饭并且更加快速地感到饱胀。这导致热量摄入减少。
如上所述,使用自动缝合装置将胃完全分为两个不等的部分,并且切割表面由附加缝线增强。然而,由于胃的自然形状和希望较小的上部是弯曲的,目前难以切割和缝合较小上部的切割端。
通过提供一种适于正确定向胃以用于以有效率的方式切割和缝合胃的关节运动内窥镜器械10,本发明解决了该问题。参考图5,6和7,器械10通常包括具有第一端部14和第二端部16的主体构件12。第一端部14包括用于连接到朝近侧延伸的轴的远端的连接结构18。更特别地,第一端部14包括适于与抽吸管线流体连通的抽吸入口20,以便以下面将要更具体描述的方式产生抽吸。连接结构18进一步包括连接构件22,用于将关节运动控制电缆24联接到胃镜的近端,以由进行手术的人调节关节运动内窥镜器械10。
本器械10的操作部件在主体构件12的第一端部14和第二端部16之间。特别地,器械10包括沿主体构件12的长度延伸的一系列抽吸孔26。抽吸孔26与抽吸入口20流体连通,用于以下面更具体说明的方式沿主体构件12施加抽吸。
根据本发明的优选实施方式,抽吸孔26在主体构件12的近端28和主体构件12的远端30之间由定位在它们之间的关节运动接头32隔开。这样,抽吸孔26大致限定近侧抽吸部分34和远侧抽吸部分36。
关节运动接头32大致是沿主体构件12的长度的挠性部分,在关节运动电缆24的控制下,其以期望的方式在基本上直的位置(参见图6)和弯曲位置(参见图7)之间运动。根据本发明的优选实施方式,关节运动电缆24偏离中心,所以当以使主体构件12挠曲的方式张紧时该关节运动电缆24产生围绕中性轴的转矩。
通常,关节运动内窥镜器械10使用抽吸和组织牵引以使胃组织从其自然弯曲形状(参见图1,2和4)关节运动到拉直的形状(参见图3),从而可以施加直的缝合线38。在关节运动内窥镜器械10被移除并且胃组织松弛到其初始形状之后,直的缝合线38随后弯曲。关节运动内窥镜器械10通常经口插入并且通过关节运动电缆22作关节运动以呈期望的形状,迫使胃袋变成期望的形状。
在实践中,根据本发明的优选实施方式,关节运动内窥镜器械10经口插入到胃中(参见图1)并且作关节运动以设定胃袋的形状。其后,应用抽吸以将胃组织吸引到与关节运动内窥镜器械10接触(参见图2)。之后,关节运动内窥镜器械10被拉直,从而提供用于施加胃组织的缝合和切割的理想缝合线38(参见图3)。
一旦胃被定向成预定的和期望的直的位置,腹腔镜内切割器沿着操纵器的轴线按照需要的次数被击发,以产生用于RYGB手术的袋。更具体而言,内切割器并排地定位在拉直的操纵器旁并且被击发,从而以期望的方式切割胃壁。本领域的技术人员无疑将会理解,可以根据本发明使用本领域中已知的各种内切割器。其后,应用于关节运动内窥镜器械10的抽吸被释放并且缝合线38松弛并回到其弯曲方位。然后取出关节运动内窥镜器械,而后可以完成RYGB手术(参见图4)。
利用根据本发明的和上述的本关节运动内窥镜器械和腹腔镜内切割器可使胃完全被分为两个不等的部分(较小的上部和较大的下部胃袋)。根据RYGB手术的优选应用,上部袋典型地这样形成,使得测量值小于大约一盎司,而较大的下部袋保持大致完整并且继续分泌流过肠道的胃液。
本领域的技术人员无疑将会理解,本关节运动内窥镜和相关技术特别地关注产生较小上部和较大下部胃袋。一旦形成这些部分,从下腹部取一段小肠(就在十二指肠的远端或空肠的近端)并且使其与上部袋接合以形成通过半英寸的开口(所谓的人造口)产生的端-端吻合。该段小肠被称为鲁氏分支并且将食物从上部袋带到肠的其余部分,在那里食物被消化。其余的下部袋以及连接的十二指肠段通常使用缝合器械重新连接,以在离人造口大约50-150cm的位置形成与鲁氏分支的另一吻合连接。正是在该连接处,来自旁路胃、胰和肝的消化液进入空肠或回肠以帮助消化食物。由于上部袋的尺寸小,迫使患者以较慢的速度吃饭并且更加快速地感觉饱胀,因此减少了热量摄入。
尽管已显示和描述了优选实施方式,应当理解,没有通过这样的公开来限制本发明的意图,而是想要包括涵盖在本发明的精神和范围内的所有修改和备选构造。
Claims (3)
1.一种能正确定向胃以便有效地切割和缝合的关节运动内窥镜器械,包括:
具有第一端部和第二端部的主体构件;
沿所述主体构件的多个抽吸孔,其与在所述主体构件的第一端部处的抽吸入口流体连通,用于沿所述主体构件产生抽吸;和
沿所述主体构件定位的关节运动接头,用于使所述主体构件能在基本上直的位置和弯曲位置之间运动;
其中,所述主体构件包括由在所述关节运动接头的靠近所述第一端部一侧的抽吸孔限定的近侧抽吸部分和由在所述关节运动接头的靠近所述第二端部一侧的抽吸孔限定的远侧抽吸部分,所述关节运动接头位于所述近侧抽吸部分和远侧抽吸部分之间,用于使所述远侧抽吸部分相对于所述近侧抽吸部分在直的位置和弯曲位置之间运动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的关节运动内窥镜器械,其中,所述主体构件包括定位在所述关节运动接头的近侧和远侧的抽吸孔。
3.根据权利要求1所述的关节运动内窥镜器械,进一步包括控制所述主体构件围绕所述关节运动接头的关节运动电缆。
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US11/197,530 US7779845B2 (en) | 2005-08-05 | 2005-08-05 | Method and apparatus for endoscopically performing gastric reduction surgery |
US11/197,530 | 2005-08-05 |
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CN1907241B true CN1907241B (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
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US (1) | US7779845B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1749480B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5117010B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1907241B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE416679T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2006203018B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0603187B8 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2555061C (zh) |
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AU2006203018A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 |
JP5117010B2 (ja) | 2013-01-09 |
BRPI0603187B1 (pt) | 2018-02-06 |
DE602006004118D1 (de) | 2009-01-22 |
CA2555061C (en) | 2013-02-19 |
US20070032702A1 (en) | 2007-02-08 |
CA2555061A1 (en) | 2007-02-05 |
EP1749480A1 (en) | 2007-02-07 |
EP1749480B1 (en) | 2008-12-10 |
BRPI0603187A (pt) | 2008-03-18 |
AU2006203018B2 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
ES2317461T3 (es) | 2009-04-16 |
CN1907241A (zh) | 2007-02-07 |
BRPI0603187B8 (pt) | 2021-06-22 |
JP2007050248A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
US7779845B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
ATE416679T1 (de) | 2008-12-15 |
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