CN1902408A - Thrust needle roller bearing, support structure receiving thrust load of compressor for car air-conditioner, support structure receiving thrust load of automatic transmission, support structure for no - Google Patents
Thrust needle roller bearing, support structure receiving thrust load of compressor for car air-conditioner, support structure receiving thrust load of automatic transmission, support structure for no Download PDFInfo
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- CN1902408A CN1902408A CN 200480040164 CN200480040164A CN1902408A CN 1902408 A CN1902408 A CN 1902408A CN 200480040164 CN200480040164 CN 200480040164 CN 200480040164 A CN200480040164 A CN 200480040164A CN 1902408 A CN1902408 A CN 1902408A
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Abstract
A thrust needle roller bearing (10A) having a bearing washer (1) made from a thin steel plate and a needle roller (2), wherein at least the bearing washer (1) has a nitrogen-rich layer in its surface layer portion, and the surface layer portion contains retained austenite in an amount of 5 to 25 vol % and has an austenite grain size number of 11 or higher. The above thrust needle roller bearing exhibits good resistance to the early failure by the damage of a surface such as the exfoliation starting from the surface and to the general fatigue owing to rolling and depending on the load imposed thereon, and thus has a long life.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the thrust needle roller bearing, bear the supporting structure of the thrust loading of Vehicular air-conditioner compressor, the supporting structure that the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator, stepless speed changer are used and the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine.
Background technique
The thrust needle roller bearing is owing to be to constitute, make needle rollers relative and track plate line contacting structure by needle rollers relative, retainer and track plate, so it is less but can obtain the advantage of high load capacity and high rigidity to have projected bearing area.Therefore, the thrust needle roller bearing is used for for example supporting structure of Vehicular air-conditioner compressor or the supporting structure of speed changer (manual transmission, automatic speed variator and stepless speed changer) etc.
This thrust needle roller bearing for example is disclosed on the following patent documentation 1 (the Japan Patent spy opens the 2002-70872 communique).
To regulate the employed machine oil of compressor be low viscosity and cut down oil level in order to improve compressor capacity (cooling capacity) owing to Vehicular air.Owing to so using under the thin lubricated too exacting terms, so, might surface failure such as peel off because of surperficial starting point type early damage takes place in the big occasion of the differential slip of roller.
In addition, automaker and each company of automatic speed variator MANUFACTURER put into additive in the past sometimes and used from the viewpoint of energy-conservationization in machine oil.Be placed with the machine oil of additive, its greasy property to bearing is more inferior than common machine oil, so in the big present thrust-bearing of the differential slip of roller, the viewpoint of the surface failure of peeling off etc. from surperficial starting point type wishes to improve.
In addition, as the service condition that Vehicular air is regulated compressor and variable-speed motor, the tendency of oriented high loadization, the viewpoint that the inside starting point type that causes from the rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load is peeled off also wishes to improve.
Therefore, seek a kind of long-life bearing, its early damage to the surface failure that surperficial starting point type is peeled off etc. produces effect, and the inside starting point type that the rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load is caused is peeled off also and produced effect.
Patent documentation 1: the Japan Patent spy opens the 2002-70872 communique
Material for the track plate in the thrust needle roller bearing in the past, using low carbon element structural steel, cold rolled sheet, steel band, middle carbon steel or Bearing Steel, is that processability is good, the material of easy acquisition as the material of steel plate that can carry out punch process and steel band.In addition, as the heat treatment of track plate, in the occasion of using low carbon element structural steel, cold rolled sheet or steel band, carry out carburizing or cyaniding and handle, in use the occasion of carbon steel or Bearing Steel is carried out bright quenching or high frequency hardening and is handled.
In addition, the roller material of thrust needle roller bearing is in the past used Bearing Steel, and bright quenching is carried out in its heat treatment or cyaniding is handled.
In the occasion of thrust needle roller bearing, heating that causes because of the differential slip of roller etc., the reinforcement of the surface failure that track plate is peeled off etc. with respect to this surface starting point type is wished in the damage that causes that surperficial starting point type is peeled off etc.
In addition, the occasion under the condition of high load effect also takes place to peel off because of the tired inside starting point type that causes of the rotation of the common interdependent type of load sometimes, wishes long lifetime.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above problems, a purpose of the present invention is, provides a kind of early damage of the surface failure of surperficial starting point type being peeled off etc. by the proterties that changes track plate at least to produce effect, to the also resultful long-life thrust needle roller bearing of the rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load.
In view of the above problems, another object of the present invention is to, provide a kind of early damage of the surface failure of surperficial starting point type being peeled off etc. by the proterties that changes track plate at least to produce effect, bear the supporting structure that Vehicular air is regulated the thrust loading of compressor the rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load is also resultful, long-life.
In view of the above problems, another purpose of the present invention is, provides the early damage of the surface failure that a kind of surperficial starting point type to the thrust needle roller bearing peels off etc. to produce effect, to also resultful, the long-life supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator of rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load of thrust needle roller bearing.
In view of the above problems, a further object of the present invention is, provides the early damage of the surface failure that a kind of surperficial starting point type to the thrust needle roller bearing peels off etc. to produce effect, the supporting structure of, long-life stepless speed changer also resultful to the rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load of thrust needle roller bearing.
In view of the above problems, a further object of the present invention is, provides the early damage of the surface failure that a kind of surperficial starting point type to the thrust needle roller bearing peels off etc. to produce effect, to also resultful, the long-life supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine of rotation fatigue of the common interdependent type of load of thrust needle roller bearing.
Thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention, have the track plate and the needle rollers relative that constitute by the thin-walled steel plate, be characterized in, at least the skin section at track plate has nitrogen-rich layer, the retained austenite amount of this skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
In above-mentioned thrust needle roller bearing, the nitrogen content of skin section is 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality % preferably.
The present invention is a kind of supporting structure that Vehicular air is regulated the thrust loading of compressor that bears, the swash plate that this Vehicular air is regulated compressor rotates along with the rotation of main shaft, making piston carry out oscillating motion is thus bearing by the thrust loading that rotation produced of swash plate, is having in the thrust needle roller bearing of the track plate that is made of the thin-walled steel plate and needle rollers relative, at least the skin section in the track plate side has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
In the supporting structure of the thrust loading of bearing described Vehicular air adjusting compressor, the nitrogen content of skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality % preferably.
The supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator of the present invention, it is the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of the automatic speed variator that comprises fluid torque converter, this fluid torque converter has on the stator both sides impeller and turbine relative to each other, have the thrust needle roller bearing at least any one party that reaches between stator and the turbine between stator and the impeller, and this thrust needle roller bearing comprises track plate and the needle rollers relative that is made of the thin-walled steel plate.At least the skin section at track plate has nitrogen-rich layer, and the retained austenite amount of skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
In the supporting structure of the thrust loading of bearing described automatic speed variator, the nitrogen content of skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality % preferably.
The supporting structure of stepless speed changer of the present invention is the rotation of input shaft infinitely to be changed and the supporting structure of the stepless speed changer that transmits to output shaft.Either party rotation in bearing and the thrust loading that produces, have in the thrust needle roller bearing of the track plate that constitutes by the thin-walled steel plate and needle rollers relative by input shaft and output shaft, at least the skin section at track plate has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
In the supporting structure that described stepless speed changer is used, the nitrogen content of the skin section in the thrust needle roller bearing is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality % preferably.
The supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine of the present invention, be to accept the gear engagement of the gear of the gear engagement of gear by input shaft and reversing shaft and reversing shaft and output shaft and can make the supporting structure of the rotational speed of output shaft with respect to the thrust loading of the hand gear machine of the rotational speed changed in stages of input shaft, bearing input shaft, the thrust loading of any in reversing shaft and the output shaft, have in the thrust needle roller bearing of the track plate that constitutes by the thin-walled steel plate and needle rollers relative, at least the skin section in the track plate side has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of skin section is more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %, the austinite grain size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11.
In the supporting structure of the thrust loading of bearing described hand gear machine, the nitrogen content of the skin section in the thrust needle roller bearing is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality % preferably.
In thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention, make thin and stable on heating material is arranged by crystal size track plate, can improve simultaneously that surperficial starting point type is peeled off (surface failures of peeling, the scratch etc.) life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span.
Regulate in the supporting structure of thrust loading of compressor at the Vehicular air that bears of the present invention, make thin and stable on heating material is arranged by crystal size, can improve simultaneously that surperficial starting point type is peeled off (surface failures of peeling, the scratch etc.) life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span track plate.
In addition, in the supporting structure of thrust loading of bearing automatic speed variator of the present invention, by the track plate with the thrust needle roller bearing make crystal size thin and stable on heating material is arranged, can improve simultaneously that surperficial starting point type is peeled off (surface failures of peeling, the scratch etc.) life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span.
In the supporting structure of stepless speed changer of the present invention, by the track plate with the thrust needle roller bearing make crystal size thin and stable on heating material is arranged, can improve simultaneously that surperficial starting point type is peeled off (surface failures of peeling, the scratch etc.) life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span.
In the supporting structure of thrust loading of bearing the hand gear machine of the present invention, by the track plate with the thrust needle roller bearing make crystal size thin and stable on heating material is arranged, can improve simultaneously that surperficial starting point type is peeled off (surface failures of peeling, the scratch etc.) life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span.
Specifically, by to the raw-material processing of Bearing Steel, middle carbon steel etc. or the research of heat treatment characteristic curve, can obtain to guarantee the cyaniding tissue (nitrogen-rich layer) of the austinite grain size more than No. 11.By obtaining this tissue, greatly reinforcing phase is for the generation of be full of cracks, the repellence of expansion.Its result, the generation of the top layer that can suppress to cause heating or the surface checking that causes because of tangential force because of slip.In addition, the present application person finds, even the be full of cracks of peeling off for inner starting point type also can obtain suitable long lifetime.
Especially the surface failure of peeling off etc. for surperficial starting point type must form in skin section and has a stable on heating nitrogen-rich layer with what trickle carbide was separated out.In the present invention, owing to separated out nitrogen-rich layer in skin section, and exist more than the retained austenite 5 volume % in this skin section, and the austinite grain size of skin section being more than No. 11, is trickle, so the surface failure that can suppress that surperficial starting point type is peeled off etc.
In addition, the interior retained austenite of nitrogen-rich layer that is present in skin section is the factor that surface hardness is descended, so after cyaniding is handled, must carry out again the processing of heating quenching, make the retained austenite amount be lower than cyaniding processing part by the low temperature of temperature when handling than cyaniding.In the present invention, owing to the retained austenite of this skin section can be suppressed to below the 25 volume %, so can suppress the decline of surface hardness.
With above-mentioned microstructure is that the basis is carried out processing and heat treatment again, gives described top layer compressive stress, further improves hardness, can obtain long lifetime.For these processing and heat treatment, (b1) shot peening, (b2) barreling processing, (b3) rolling finishing, (b4) Carburization Treatment+cyaniding processing, (b5) cyaniding processing+sub zero treatment, (b6) cyaniding processing+secondary quenching+such gimmick of sub zero treatment can be carried out like this, the measure of (b1)～(b6) is made up carry out.
In addition, at least one of described track plate and roller also can be by A
1The above enforcement of transformation point cyaniding is handled, and is being cooled to A then
1Transformation point less than temperature after, be heated to the quenching temperature lower than cyaniding treatment temperature, quench from this quenching temperature.
Carrying out cyaniding in described cyaniding temperature handles the back, is cooled to less than A
1In the operation of point, both can be by cool to room temperature such as oil coolings, also be cooled to the processing of the temperature that austenite metamorphosis finishes more than specified value.Utilize above-mentioned manufacture method, can obtain to have nitrogen-rich layer, the austenite grain is trickle and contains the metal structure of the retained austenite of appropriate amount.Therefore, can improve that surperficial starting point type is peeled off the life-span and inner starting point type is peeled off the life-span, and can obtain to suppress the timeliness dimensional changes the thrust needle roller bearing, bear Vehicular air and regulate supporting structure that supporting structure, the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator, the stepless speed changer of the thrust loading of compressor use and the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine.
Described nitrogen-rich layer handle to form by cyaniding as mentioned above, but also can be with the carbon enrichment on described nitrogen-rich layer, also can not enrichment on described nitrogen-rich layer.
In this microstructure, after once cooling off from the cyaniding processing, owing to quench from the quenching temperature lower than cyaniding treatment temperature, so can obtain very trickle austenite crystalline particle.Sometimes for the order of this processing, be heated to the processing that the quenching temperature lower than cyaniding treatment temperature quench and be called secondary quenching or final the quenching above-mentioned.
In addition, described quenching temperature, but the also skin section of the steel after cyaniding is handled coexistence carbide and/or nitride and austenite temperature province mutually at least.
The heating-up temperature that heating-up temperature during owing to quench is lower than cyaniding when handling is increase when so the amount of the undissolved carbide of the related skin section of the effect that cyaniding is handled and/or nitride is handled than cyaniding.Therefore, quenching temperature is in the occasion of above-mentioned coexistence temperature province, and the ratio of the amount of undissolved carbide increases when handling than cyaniding in quenching temperature, and the ratio of the Ovshinsky scale of construction descends.And, judge that from iron-carbon double equilibrium diagram at carbide (cementite) and austenitic coexisting region, solid solution also reduces along with the decline of quenching temperature in austenitic concentration of carbon.In addition, the employed steel of bearing is because Si (silicon) and Mn (manganese) wait the amount of other alloying element low, so can enough discuss each temperature province accurately and generate layer with iron-carbon binary constitutional diagram.In addition, nitrogen is identical with carbon, as the interstitial element solid solution, and in the temperature province of regulation, generates and to be similar to the nitride that combines with iron of cementite in iron, is similar to identical so can be considered with carbon.
After being heated to quenching temperature, because the amount of undissolved carbide that obstruction austenite grain is grown up and/or nitride is more, so the austenite grain is trickle.By quenching from austenite metamorphosis to martensitic when being organized in above-mentioned heat treatment its concentration of carbon low slightly, therefore, compare with the tissue after quenching from the cyaniding treatment temperature, become the good slightly tissue of toughness.That is, become (c1) its amount more in the past than the undissolved carbide of Duoing, the low in the past quenching structure of (c2) its concentration of carbon ratio.
Above-mentioned quenching temperature also can make 780 ℃～830 ℃.This temperature province almost is applicable to all steel, the control of quenching temperature can be oversimplified.
In addition, in described track plate and roller at least 1, also can before handling, cyaniding implement the such cold rolling processing of punch process.
By using this cold rolling processing, the nuclear generation density of the austenite grain during heat treatment increases, and can obtain sappy structure.
In addition, in described track plate and roller at least 1, also can give 500Mpa above compressive stress.
As mentioned above,, give described top layer compressive stress, further can obtain long lifetime by being that the basis is implemented processing and heat treatment again with described microstructure.
In addition, the austinite grain size sequence number in this specification is meant the austenitic granularity sequence number that defines in the austinite grain size test method of JIS G0551.
Austenite crystal grain in this specification is meant to quench and adds the austenitic crystal grain of pining for after the phase transformation attitude, its refer to by cooling after martensite metamorphosis, as the vestige in past and remaining.
Described austenite crystal grain, thus so long as wait the observable grain of the processing that grain circle is showed circle to get final product to implement corrosion as the metallographic test portion of the member of object.Because be the meaning on the heating grain circle constantly before the low temperature quenching, be sometimes referred to as old austenite grain.Measure also and can be converted into Mean particle diameter from the mean value of the granularity sequence number of JIS specification and try to achieve, also can be by microtomy etc., obtain and the straight line of any direction that metallographic structure is overlapping and the mean value of the gap length between the junction of grain circle, be multiplied by correction factor, make three-dimensional gap length from two dimension.
The mensuration of retained austenite is, with various X-raydiffraction methods, obtains the diffraction intensity of the suitable facial index of austenite phase, gets to wait with ratio from the diffraction intensity of the suitable facial index of ferritic phase and measures.At this moment, the height of also available diffraction crest, the area of also available diffraction crest.In addition, utilizing austenite is that nonmagnetic material, ferritic phase are the phenomenons of strong magnetism body mutually, also can measure by utilizing magnetic sky equality to obtain magnetizing force.In addition, can utilize the testing apparatus of selling on the market to measure simply.
In addition, when described low temperature quenching, the austenite phase transformation attitude arrives martensite etc., but described retained austenite is meant and is carrying out waiting the not remaining not abnormally austenite to room temperature between the abnormal adjacent martensite bundle along different crystal planes.Therefore, the austenite crystal grain with the scope that defines described Mean particle diameter does not have direct relation.
In addition, just to no effect, especially, the rotation life-span that foreign matter is sneaked under the condition descends when the nitrogen content of skin section is less than 0.1 quality %.Just produce if nitrogen content during more than 0.7 quality %, is called the emptying aperture in space, or retained austenite is too much, no hardness, the life-span lacks.For the nitrogen-rich layer that is formed at track plate, its nitrogen content is the value of the top layer 50 μ m of the plane of trajectory orbital after the grinding, and for example available EPMA (the little analyzer of wavelength dispersion type X line) measures.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the roughly sectional view of the thrust needle roller bearing structure of expression the invention process form 1.
Fig. 2 is other example of thrust needle roller bearing of the invention process form 1, is the roughly sectional view that the expression roller is configured to the thrust needle roller bearing structure of multiple row.
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic sketch of the heat treatment method of explanation thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic sketch of the heat treatment method variation of explanation thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 5 A is the microstructure of expression bearing parts of the present invention, especially represents the diagrammatic sketch of austenite grain.
Fig. 5 B represents the microstructure of bearing parts in the past, especially represents the diagrammatic sketch of austenite grain.
Fig. 6 A is the diagrammatic sketch of expression austenite grain circle that diagram obtains to Fig. 5 A.
Fig. 6 B is the diagrammatic sketch of expression austenite grain circle that diagram obtains to Fig. 5 B.
Fig. 7 is a sectional view of roughly representing the tilted-plate compressor structure of diclinic template.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of roughly representing the tilted-plate compressor structure of monocline template.
Fig. 9 is a sectional view of roughly representing the variable displacement swash plate compressor structure of monocline template.
Figure 10 is the roughly sectional view of supporting structure that the thrust loading of the automatic speed variator in the invention process form 2 is born in expression.
Figure 11 is the roughly sectional view of expression with the supporting structure of the gear mechanism bearing thrust load of the automatic speed variator of the invention process form 3.
Figure 12 is the roughly sectional view that amplifies expression Figure 11 zone P.
Figure 13 is the roughly sectional view of the supporting structure used of the stepless speed changer of expression the invention process form 4.
Figure 14 is the sectional view that amplifies the P portion of expression Figure 13.
Figure 15 is the roughly sectional view of the hand gear machine structure in the expression example 5 of the present invention.
Symbol description
1,505a, 505b, 506a, 506b, 570, the 571st, track plate, 1a is a through hole, 2,2a, 2b is a needle rollers relative, the 3rd, retainer, 3a, 3b is an annular component, 10,10A, 10B, the 510th, the thrust needle roller bearing, the 100th, the board-like compressor of diclinic, 102,202,302, the 606th, shell, the 103rd, swash plate, the 104th, main shaft, the 105th, radial bearing, the 106th, cylinder body, the 107th, piston, the 108th, depressed part, the 109th, watt, the 200th, the board-like compressor of monocline, the 203rd, swash plate, 204, the 304th, main shaft, the 207th, piston, the 211st, connector element, the 215th, piston rod, the 300th, variable displacement swash plate compressor, the 303rd, axle journal, the 307th, piston, the 312nd, piston holder, the 313rd, driving pin, the 314th, sleeve, the 315th, piston rod, the 500th, fluid torque converter, the 501st, impeller, 501a is an impeller blade, and 501b is an impeller hub, the 502nd, and stator, the 503rd, turbine, 503a is a turbine blade, and 503b is a turbine hub, the 504th, and overrunning clutch, 551,561,601a is an axle, the 552nd, housing, 553,558, the 563rd, bearing, the 554th, synchronous wheel hub, 555, the 557th, idler gear, 555a is a clutch gear, the 559th, and a wide diameter portion, 559a are the right side ladder surfaces, 559b is the left side ladder surface, 565, the 567th, gear, the 568th, scissor gears, the 600th, stepless speed changing mechanism, the 601st, elementary axle, 601b is a sun gear, the 602nd, and primary pulley, 602a is a fixed pulley, 602b is a movable pulley, the 603rd, secondary axle, the 604th, secondary pulley, 604a is a fixed pulley, 604b is a movable pulley, the 605th, belt, the 610th, front and back advance and retreat switching mechanism, the 611st, rolling bearing, the 612nd, support member, 612a is a planetary pinion, the 613rd, and support member, 613a are inside engaged gears, 615, the 616th, multi-plate clutch, the 650th, hand gear machine, the 661st, input shaft, the 662nd, output shaft, the 663rd, reversing shaft, 664a-664k is a gear, the 665th, and shell, 660A-660D are rolling bearings.
Embodiment
Below, example of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(example 1)
Fig. 1 is the roughly sectional view of the thrust needle roller bearing structure of speed change the invention process form 1.With reference to Fig. 1, this thrust needle roller bearing 10A has: the pair of tracks dish 1,1 that is made of the thin-walled steel plate; A plurality of needle rollers relative 2 of between pair of tracks dish 1,1, rotating; Retainer 3 along the ring-type that circumferentially a plurality of needle rollers relative 2 is kept with prescribed distance.Track plate 1 has the through hole 1a that is used for inserting axle etc. at central part.
The skin section of the track plate at least 1 of this thrust needle roller bearing 10A has nitrogen-rich layer, and the retained austenite amount of this skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of this skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.In addition, the nitrogen concentration of this skin section preferably 0.05 quality % above, below the 0.4 quality %.
Not only track plate 1, and the skin section of needle rollers relative 2 or retainer 3 also has nitrogen-rich layer, the retained austenite amount of this skin section be 5 volume % above, below the 25 volume %, the austinite grain size sequence number of this skin section is more than No. 11.In addition, the nitrogen concentration of this skin section preferably 0.05 quality % above, below the 0.4 quality %.
In above-mentioned, a plurality of needle rollers relative 2 have been described with the single structure that is configured, as shown in Figure 2, also can a plurality of needle rollers relative 2 of many row arrangement.
With reference to Fig. 2, thrust needle roller bearing 10B has many rows' that the needle rollers relative 2b by the needle rollers relative 2a of internal side diameter and outside diameter constitutes needle rollers relative 2.In this occasion, retainer 3 preferably constitutes, and the member 3a and the 3b of its 2 ring-types overlap with contacting with each other.Preferably tighten up to the member 3b of ring-type lateral bending song the internal side diameter end of the member 3a of this ring-type, and tighten up to the member 3a of ring-type lateral bending song the outside diameter end of the member 3b of ring-type.Thus, 2 annular component 3a, 3b are tightened up fixing, can make it integrated securely.
Here, length L 1, the L2 of many rows' needle rollers relative 2a, 2b makes identical, can select L1≤L2, L2≤L1 according to service condition.Preferably the length L 2 of the needle rollers relative 2b of outside diameter is longer than the length L 1 of the needle rollers relative 2a of internal side diameter, for example, makes 1.2 times length, thereby can improve the load capacity of outside diameter.
Except foregoing, the structure of thrust needle roller bearing 10B and above-mentioned thrust needle roller bearing A structure are roughly the same, so for identical member, put on identical symbol, omit its explanation.
Below, carry out cyaniding and handle and describe comprising at least one bearing parts to track plate 1, needle rollers relative 2 and the retainer 3 of thrust needle roller bearing 10A, the 10B of this example in interior heat treatment.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 represent the heat treatment method that formation thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention is used.Fig. 3 is the heat treated collection of illustrative plates that primary quenching and Qa method are carried out in expression, and Fig. 4 is illustrated in the way of quenching material cooled is arrived A
1The transformation point temperature less than and then the heat treatment collection of illustrative plates of the heating method of being quenched at last.They all are the thermal-treatment examples of thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention.
With reference to Fig. 3, at first the steel that bearing parts is used is heated to A
1The cyaniding treatment temperature T that transformation point is above
1(845 ℃), the steel of under this temperature bearing parts being used are implemented cyaniding and are handled.At treatment temperature T
1Carbon and nitrogen are diffused into the matrix of steel, and make carbon fully fuse into steel.Then, the steel used of bearing parts is from treatment temperature T
1Temperature be implemented oil quench, and be cooled to A
1Transformation point less than temperature.Then, carry out tempering with 230 ℃, this tempering can be omitted.
Then, the steel A that uses of bearing parts
1The above temperature of transformation point is heated to the temperature T that is no more than above-mentioned cyaniding treatment temperature again
2(for example 800 ℃) keep implementing to handle T in this temperature
2After, from handling T
2Temperature implement oil quench, and be cooled to be no more than A
1The temperature of transformation point.Then carry out tempering with 230 ℃.
With reference to Fig. 4, at first, the steel that bearing parts is used is heated to A
1The cyaniding treatment temperature T that transformation point is above
1(845 ℃), the steel of under this temperature bearing parts being used are implemented cyaniding and are handled.At Temperature Treatment T
1Carbon and nitrogen are diffused into the matrix of steel, and make carbon fully fuse into steel.Then, bearing parts does not quench with steel and is cooled to A
1The temperature that transformation point is following.Then, the steel used of bearing parts is with A
1The above temperature of transformation point is heated to the temperature T that is no more than above-mentioned cyaniding treatment temperature again
2(800 ℃) keep implementing to handle T under this temperature
2After, from handling T
2Temperature implement oil quench, and be cooled to less than A
1The temperature of transformation point.Then carry out tempering with 230 ℃.
Handle by above-mentioned cyaniding, " cyaniding processing layer " is the skin section that nitrogen-rich layer just is formed on the steel that bearing parts uses.The concentration of carbon that becomes raw-material steel in cyaniding is handled is higher, so carbon is difficult to enter from the environment of common cyaniding processing the surface of steel sometimes.For example, in the occasion (steel about 1 quality %) of the higher steel of concentration of carbon, the situation of the carburized case of the concentration of carbon that existing generation is higher also has the situation of the carburized case that is difficult to generate higher concentration of carbon.But nitrogen concentration also depends on Cr (chromium) concentration, but since common steel be about 0.020 quality % below, less, thus nitrogen-rich layer be not subjected to raw-material steel concentration of carbon influence and clearly the generation.Self-evident, also can be on described nitrogen-rich layer with the carbon enrichment.
In above-mentioned heat treatment, because the skin section cyaniding is handled, the early damage ratio of the surface failure that surperficial starting point type is peeled off etc. carries out normal quenching (promptly then carrying out primary quenching after cyaniding is handled) and more produces effect, and the tired caused inner starting point type of the rotation of the common interdependent type of load peeled off also produce effect, therefore, can be with the life-span long lifetime of thrust needle roller bearing.
Fig. 5 A has represented to use the austinite grain size of the Bearing Steel behind the above-mentioned heat treatment collection of illustrative plates shown in Figure 3.And Fig. 5 B represents to utilize the austinite grain size of the formed Bearing Steel of heat treatment method in the past.Fig. 6 A and Fig. 6 B represent described Fig. 5 A and Fig. 5 B are given austinite grain size after the diagram.From the tissue of these expression austinite grain sizes, austenite particle diameter in the past represents it is No. 10 with the granularity sequence number of JIS (JIS) specification, and adopts heat treatment method of the present invention, can obtain No. 12 particulate.In addition, the medium grain size of Fig. 5 A is 5.6 μ m with the result of microtomy mensuration.
Then, the Vehicular air of the thrust needle roller bearing 10B (Fig. 2) that used this example being regulated compressor describes.
Fig. 7 is the roughly sectional view of the compressor arrangement behind the use thrust needle roller bearing in the expression the invention process form 1.With reference to Fig. 7, the tilted-plate compressor 100 of having represented compressor diclinic template for example is as compressor.This tilted-plate compressor 100 utilizes the rotation that is fixed on the swash plate 103 on the main shaft 104, watts 109 makes piston 107 reciprocating actions by what slide on swash plate 103.
In shell 102, the main shaft 104 that is fixed with swash plate 103 is supported to rotation freely by radial bearing 105.On shell 102, form a plurality of cylinder bodies 106 in the uniformly-spaced position of circumferencial direction, in each cylinder body 106, contain the piston 107 of slip double head type freely.Middle body at each piston 107 is formed with the depressed part 108 that strides across swash plate 103 peripheral parts, forms spheric seating at the axial opposing side of this depressed part 108, and ball or hemispheric watt 109 are taken a seat.Watts 109 are clipped between swash plate 103 and the piston 107, play making rotatablely moving of swash plate 103 successfully be transformed into piston 107 reciprocating effects.
In addition, in above-mentioned example,, the tilted-plate compressor of diclinic template for example has been described, but thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention is also applicable to the tilted-plate compressor of other type, scroll compressor etc. as compressor.In addition, as the tilted-plate compressor of other type, the tilted-plate compressor of monocline template and the variable displacement swash plate compressor of monocline template are for example arranged.
When being the tilted-plate compressor 200 of monocline template, as shown in Figure 8, respectively between connector element 211 and the shell 202 and between connector element 211 and the swash plate 203, many rows' the thrust needle roller bearing 10B that disposes this example is as the supporting structure of bearing thrust load.So-called connector element 211 is that swash plate 203 and piston 207 are coupled together the member of usefulness.In this compressor 200, swash plate 203 rotates along with the rotation of main shaft 204, thus, does oscillating motion by connector element 211, and piston 207 is by piston rod 215 and reciprocating in cylinder.
In addition, when being the variable displacement swash plate compressor 300 of monocline template, as shown in Figure 9, between axle journal corresponding 303 and piston holder 312, dispose the supporting structure of many rows thrust needle roller bearing 10B of this example as the bearing thrust load with swash plate.And between the sleeve 314 of shell 302 and main shaft 304, also dispose the supporting structure of many rows thrust mainshaft roller bearing 10B of this example as the bearing thrust load.
In this compressor 300, axle journal 303 (swash plate) rotates along with the rotation of main shaft 304, thus, does oscillating motion by piston holder 312, and piston 307 is reciprocating in cylinder with regard to passing through piston rod 315.In addition, in this compressor 300, slide vertically by making the sleeve 314 relative main shafts 304 that connect with driving pin 313, variable capacity can be realized thus in the angle of inclination of variable axle journal 303.
More than many rows thrust needle roller bearing 10B be located at the situation that Vehicular air regulates in the compressor be described, but also can replace these many row thrust needle roller bearing 10B and single thrust needle roller bearing 10A shown in Figure 1 is set.
More than regulate the situation of supporting structure of the thrust loading of compressor and be described the thrust needle roller bearing being used to bear Vehicular air, but thrust needle roller bearing of the present invention also can be used as and bears for example supporting structure of the thrust loading of hand gear machine except this situation.
(example 2)
Figure 10 is the roughly sectional view of supporting structure of the thrust loading of bearing automatic speed variator of expression the invention process form 2.With reference to Figure 10, automatic speed variator generally includes fluid torque converter 500, planetary gears (not shown).
Fluid torque converter 500 mainly has impeller 501, stator 502 and turbine 503.The supporting structure of the thrust loading of bearing automatic speed variator of this example for example is to be assembled in the thrust needle roller bearing 510 that reaches between impeller 501 and the stator 502 between stator 502 and the turbine 503.
In this fluid torque converter 500, the impeller 501 that is connected with the output shaft of motor is configured to relative to each other with the turbine 503 that is connected with the input shaft of automatic speed variator.Stator 502 is installed on the stator axis that is fixed in shell by overrunning clutch 504.This stator 502 is used for: make the fluid that forms circulation between bowl-shape impeller blade 501a and the turbine blade 503a respectively at their internal side diameter when turbine 503 sides turn back to impeller 501 sides, change the flow direction of fluid and give clockwise rotating force, amplify transmitting torque impeller 501.
Thrust needle roller bearing 510 between impeller 501 and the stator 502 has needle rollers relative 2, retainer 3, track plate 505a, 505b.Track plate 505a is assembled on the impeller hub 501b, and track plate 505b is assembled in stator 502 sides.
Thrust needle roller bearing 510 between stator 502 and the turbine 503 has 2,2 retainers 3 of needle rollers relative, track plate 506a, 506b.Track plate 506a is assembled on the turbine hub 503b, and track plate 506b is assembled in stator 502 sides.
In this example, be assembled in the thrust needle roller bearing 510 that reaches between described impeller 501 and the stator 502 between stator 502 and the turbine 503 respectively, constitute by thrust needle roller bearing 10A shown in Figure 1 or thrust needle roller bearing 10B shown in Figure 2.Track plate 505a, the 505b of thrust needle roller bearing 510 and track plate 506a, the 506b track plate 1 with thrust needle roller bearing 10A and 10B respectively are corresponding.The structure of thrust needle roller bearing 510 and the heat treatment method that each member is carried out, since identical with example 1, the Therefore, omited explanation.
(example 3)
In above-mentioned example 2, supporting structure to the thrust loading in the fluid torque converter portion of bearing automatic speed variator is described, as the thrust needle roller bearing of the thrust loading in the gear mechanism portion of bearing automatic speed variator, can use the thrust needle roller bearing of above-mentioned example 2.Below, for the supporting structure of bearing thrust in the gear mechanism portion of automatic speed variator load, be that example describes with the situation of having used the thrust needle roller bearing that example 1 adopted.
Figure 11 is expression is come the supporting structure of bearing thrust load by the gear mechanism of the automatic speed variator of example 3 an of the present invention roughly sectional view.Figure 12 is the roughly sectional view that the regional P of Figure 11 is amplified expression.
With reference to Figure 11 and Figure 12, axle 551 is main shafts, rotates with the bearing 553 of front and back to be bearing in freely in the housing 552.Periphery at axle 551 is provided with synchronous wheel hub 554, and the idler gear 555 in unilaterial abutting connection with it is set as rotation freely by rolling bearing 558.Idler gear 555 becomes three fast master gears, and wheel hub 554 sides have clutch gear 555a synchronously.Be formed with wide diameter portion 559 in idler gear 555 right-hand axle 551 peripheries that become three fast master gears, on the right side of this wide diameter portion 559, the other idler gear 557 that contacts with its right side ladder surface 559a rotates by rolling bearing and is located at freely on the axle 551.This idler gear 557 becomes the 2 fast master gears that engage, break away from other synchronous wheel hub.
Axle 561 is reversing shafts, is bearing in freely on the housing 552 with the bearing rotation of bearing 563 grades abreast with described axle 551.For this axle 561, be arranged to stationary state respectively with described idler gear 555,557 meshed gears 565,567 of axle 551 sides.
At wide of the idler gear 555 that becomes 3 fast master gears and become between the left side ladder surface 559b of axle wide diameter portion 559 of axle 551 of main shaft, wide of the scissor gears identical with intermediate gear 555 diameters, that the number of teeth is different slightly (promptly folder is established the gear of usefulness) 568 and idler gear 555 contacts and is arranged on axle 551 and rotate freely.These idler gears 555 and scissor gears 568 and i.e. identical gear 565 engagements of axle 561 of reversing shaft.In addition, as long as gear 565 engagements that scissor gears 568 can be identical with idler gear 555, and in this example, the arbitrary diameter in pitch circle, top circle and the root circle all makes the diameter identical with idler gear 555.Scissor gears 568 is preferably more than 1 with the number of teeth difference of idler gear 555.Between the left side ladder surface 559b of described scissor gears 568 and described axle wide diameter portion 559, be folded with thrust needle roller bearing 510 as supporting structure.
This thrust needle roller bearing 510 is identical with example 1, has needle rollers relative 2, retainer 3 and track plate 1.The gear side track plate 570 that contacts with described scissor gears 568 of this thrust needle roller bearing 510 with respect to axle 551 rotation freely, the track plate 571 that contact with the left side ladder surface 559b of axle wide diameter portion 559 often is fixed on spools 551 with key etc.
In this thrust needle roller bearing 510, needle rollers relative 2 is made of many rows' needle rollers relative 2a, 2b.
Adopt this structure, when synchronously wheel hub 554 becomes transition status with the clutch gear 555a engagement of idler gear 555, axle 551 and just rotation synchronously of idler gear 555, but because the number of teeth of scissor gears 568 is different slightly with idler gear 555, so spools 551 just carry out relative the rotation with scissor gears 568.Its result, gear side track plate 570 in the thrust needle roller bearing 510 and the relative rotation of axle fixed side fixed tray 571 middle generations, needle rollers relative 2 is also just carried out rotation, revolution.
In addition, in example 2 and 3, the situation of automatic speed variator has been described, but the present invention is widely used in the employed thrust bearing structure of all variable-speed motors, especially applicable to employed thrust bearing structure in the machine oil that contains additive (lubricant oil) of variable-speed motor.
In addition, illustrated supporting structure with bearing thrust load be assembled between turbine and the stator and stator and impeller between situation, but the present invention is not limited to this, also applicable to the part of bearing thrust in automatic speed variator in addition.
(example 4)
Figure 13 is the roughly sectional view of the supporting structure used of the stepless speed changer of expression the invention process form 4.With reference to Figure 13, the driving force that is taken place by motor (not shown) passes to stepless speed changing mechanism 600 from bent axle (not shown) by fluid torque converter (not shown) and front and back advance and retreat switching mechanism 610.
Front and back advance and retreat switching mechanism 610 has planetary gears and multi-plate clutch 615,616.Planetary gears has: be fixed on inside engaged gear 613a on the 601a by support member 613; Be fixed on the sun gear 601b on the elementary axle 601; And can be rotated to support on planetary pinion 612a on the support member 612.This planetary pinion 612a meshes with inside engaged gear 613a and sun gear 601b respectively.
Multi-plate clutch 615 is enclosed between interior week of the periphery of support member 612 and shell 606 and uses break as retreating.In addition, multi-plate clutch 616 is enclosed between interior week of the periphery of elementary axle 601 and support member 613 as forward clutch.And be provided with the mechanism (not shown) that oil pressure can be supplied in multi-plate clutch 615,616 respectively.
When the supply oil pressure made multi-plate clutch (forward clutch) 616 make coupled condition, the rotation of axle 601a passed to elementary axle 601 with regard to forward.When the supply oil pressure made multi-plate clutch (retreat and use break) 615 make coupled condition, the rotation of axle 601a passed to elementary 601 with regard to reverse.Thus, may command moves forward and backward.
Stepless speed changing mechanism 600 has: the elementary axle 601 of the input side that is connected with front and back advance and retreat switching mechanism 610; Be located at the primary pulley 602 on this elementary axle 601; Secondary axle 603 with elementary 601 parallel outlet side; Be located at the secondary pulley 604 on the secondary axle 603, and be hung on the belt 605 on primary pulley 602 and secondary pulley 604 both sides.
In this example, be provided with thrust needle roller bearing 10 for the thrust loading of the secondary axle 603 of the axle 601a that bears this input side and elementary axle 601, outlet side.
Figure 14 amplifies the sectional view of expression with the P portion of Figure 13 of the configuration status of expression thrust needle roller bearing.With reference to Figure 14, thrust needle roller bearing 10, for example be configured in can rolling bearing 611 inner rings and support member 612 to elementary axle 601 swivel bearings between; Be configured between support member 612 and the sun gear 601b; Be configured between sun gear 601b and the support member 613; Be configured between support member 613 and the shell 606 etc.Each thrust needle roller bearing 10 has needle rollers relative 2, this needle rollers relative 2 is kept 2 retainers 3,4 of usefulness.This needle rollers relative 2 for example is made of many rows' needle rollers relative 2a, 2b.
Each thrust needle roller bearing 10 in this example is made of thrust needle roller bearing 10B shown in Figure 2, also can be made of thrust needle roller bearing 10A shown in Figure 1.For the structure of thrust needle roller bearing 10 and the heat treatment method that each member is carried out, since identical with example 1, the Therefore, omited explanation.
(example 5)
Figure 15 is the roughly sectional view of the hand gear machine structure of expression the invention process form 5.With reference to Figure 15, hand gear machine 650 is engagement type all the time hand gear machines, mainly comprises: 4 thrust needle roller bearing 10A; Input shaft 661; Output shaft 662; Reversing shaft 663; Gear 664a～664k; And shell 665.
Input shaft 661 utilizes rolling bearing 660A and can be rotated to support on the shell 665.Periphery at this input shaft 661 is formed with gear 664a, and interior week is formed with gear 664b.
One side of output shaft 662 (left side among the figure) is utilized rolling bearing 660B and be can be rotated to support on the shell 665, and opposite side (right side among the figure) utilizes rolling bearing 660C and can be rotated to support on the input shaft 661.On this output shaft 662, gear 664c～664g is installed.
Gear 664c and gear 664d are respectively formed at the periphery and the interior week of same member.The member that is formed with gear 664c and gear 664d utilizes rolling bearing 660D and can be rotated to support on the output shaft 662.Make gear 664e with output shaft 662 rotation, and can axially slidably gear 664e be installed on the output shaft 662 to output shaft 662.
In addition, each gear 664f and gear 664g are formed on the periphery of same member.The member that is formed with gear 664f and gear 664g also can being installed on the output shaft 662 to output shaft 662 axially slidably with output shaft 662 rotations.Be formed with the occasion of the member of gear 664f and gear 664g in left side slip in figure, gear 664f can mesh with gear 664b, the occasion of sliding on right side in figure, and gear 664g can mesh with gear 664d.
Reversing shaft 663 has gear 664h～664k etc.Dispose 4 thrust needle roller bearing 10A between reversing shaft 663 and the shell 665, thus, the axial load (thrust loading) of reversing shaft 663 is supported.Gear 664h meshes with gear 664a all the time, and gear 664i meshes with gear 664c all the time.In addition, gear 664j can mesh with gear 664e in the gear 664e occasion that slide in the left side in figure.Gear 664k can mesh with gear 664e in the gear 664e occasion that slide in the right side in figure.
The gear shifting operation of hand gear machine 650 then is described.
In the hand gear machine 650, the engagement of the gear 664a by input shaft 661 and the gear 664h of reversing shaft 663 passes to reversing shaft 663 with the rotation of input shaft 661.And, by the gear 664i～664k of reversing shaft 663 and the gear 664c of output shaft 662, the engagement of 664e, or the engagement of the gear 664d of output shaft 662 and gear 664g, the rotation of reversing shaft 663 is passed to output shaft 662.Thus, the rotation with input shaft 661 passes to output shaft 662.
When the rotation of input shaft 661 passes to output shaft 662, by changing between input shaft 661 and the reversing shaft 663 meshed gears between meshed gears, reversing shaft 662 and the output shaft 663, thereby the rotational speed that can make output shaft 662 is classified to change with respect to the rotational speed of input shaft 661.In addition, directly do not make the gear 664f engagement of the gear 664b and the output shaft 662 of input shaft 661, the rotation of input shaft 661 can be directly passed to output shaft 662 by reversing shaft 663.
Below, the gear shifting operation of hand gear machine 650 more specifically is described, do not mesh and the occasion of gear 664e and gear 664j engagement with gear 664d with gear 664b engagement, gear 664g at gear 664f, the driving force of input shaft 661 passes to output shaft 662 by gear 664a, gear 664h, gear 664j and gear 664e.It for example becomes the 1st speed.
Gear 664g and gear 664d engagement, gear 664e not with the occasion of gear 664j engagement, the driving force of input shaft 661 passes to output shaft 662 by gear 664a, gear 664h, gear 664i, gear 664c, gear 664d and gear 664g.It for example becomes the 2nd speed.
Gear 664f and gear 664b engagement, gear 664e not with the occasion of gear 664j engagement, directly be connected with the engagement of gear 664b and gear 664f by input shaft 661 with output shaft 662, the driving force of input shaft 661 is directly passed to output shaft 662.It for example becomes the 3rd speed (the highest).
In this example, the supporting structure that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine 650 has 4 thrust needle roller bearing 10A of the thrust loading of bearing reversing shaft 663.Thrust needle roller bearing 10A is made of thrust needle roller bearing 10A shown in Figure 1 respectively.In addition, also can constitute by thrust needle roller bearing 10B shown in Figure 2.For the structure of thrust needle roller bearing 10A, 10B and the heat treatment method that each member is carried out, since identical with example 1, the Therefore, omited explanation.
In this example, the supporting structure of having represented to bear the thrust loading of hand gear machine has the occasion of the thrust needle roller bearing 10A of the thrust loading of bearing reversing shaft 663, but the supporting structure of thrust loading of bearing the hand gear machine of the present invention also can have the thrust needle roller bearing of the thrust loading of bearing input shaft or output shaft except this occasion.
Embodiment
The following describes embodiments of the invention.
Prepared by the SUJ2 material (the JIS specification: the high-carbon-chromium bearing steel steel), SCM415M (the JIS specification: the Cr-Mo steel steel) and S70C (the JIS specification: the carbon steels for machine structural purposes steel) but track plate of the steel plate of the punch process that constitutes respectively and steel band system (thickness is that 3mm is following) and roller.This track plate and roller have been implemented various heat treatment.As this heat treatment, be that heat treatment (special thermal treatment), the cyaniding of Fig. 3 and thermal map shown in Figure 4 spectrum handled, quench (quenching fully, hot quenching, secondary quenching), carburizing etc.
In special thermal treatment, after in the environment of the mixed gas of RX gas and ammonia, keeping certain hour to implement cyaniding handling, carry out 1 time from this temperature and quench with 840 ℃ of temperature, carrying out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature.Then, be heated to again than implementing 800 ℃ of the also low temperature of temperature that cyaniding handles, and keep implementing secondary quenching behind certain hour, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again with this temperature.
In cyaniding is handled, after keeping certain hour to implement the cyaniding processing, quench from this temperature with 840 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.
In cyaniding processing+Quenching Treatment, after keeping certain hour to implement the cyaniding processing, quench from this temperature with 840 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.Then, be heated to 840 ℃ of temperature again, and keep implementing to quench from this temperature behind the certain hour, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again with this temperature.
For Carburization Treatment, after keeping certain hour to implement Carburization Treatment, quench from this temperature with 850 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.
In complete Quenching Treatment, after keeping certain hour, quench from this temperature with 850 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.
In hot quenching is handled, after keeping certain hour, quench from this temperature with 880 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.
In secondary quenching is handled, after keeping certain hour, carry out the 1st time from this temperature and quench with 840 ℃ of temperature, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again.Then, after being heated to 840 ℃ of temperature again, keeping certain hour, carry out quenching second time, carried out tempering for 230 ℃ with temperature again from this temperature with this temperature.
The nitrogen content of crystal grain sequence number, retained austenite amount and the skin section of the track plate after these each heat treatments has been implemented in table 1 expression.
The mensuration of crystal size is to carry out according to the austinite grain size test method of JIS G0551 steel.Obtained the mean value of 10 test specimens under identical conditions, making.
The mensuration of retained austenite amount is to utilize the X-raydiffraction method to carry out with the degree of depth of 0.05mm under each surface of the position, 4 place of plane of trajectory orbital.Obtained the mean value (i.e. the mean value at 10 * 4 places) of 10 test specimens under identical conditions, making.
The mensuration of the nitrogen content of the skin section of track plate is vertically to cut off, utilize the analysis of EPMA to carry out to plane of trajectory orbital.Obtained the mean value of 5 test specimens under identical conditions, making.
Table 1
The material of test specimen
| The material of track circle and heat treatment | Crystal size sequence number (No.) | Retained austenite amount (volume %) | Surface nitrogen content (quality %) | |
| Example of the present invention | The SUJ2 special thermal treatment | 12.5 | 8.2 | 0.25 |
| The SCM415M special thermal treatment | 12.0 | 22.2 | 0.29 | |
| The S70C special thermal treatment | 11.5 | 15.4 | 0.27 | |
| Comparative example | The SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 10.5 | 28 | 0.28 |
| The SCM415M cyaniding is handled | 10.0 | 32.4 | 0.33 | |
| SCM415M cyaniding processing+quenching | 11.0 | 27.6 | 0.31 | |
| The S70C cyaniding is handled | 9.5 | 26.6 | 0.3 | |
| SUJ2 quenches fully | 10.0 | 4.2 | 0 | |
| The SCM415M carburizing | 9.5 | 28.2 | 0 | |
| S70C quenches fully | 9.5 | 3.8 | 0 | |
| The SUJ2 hot quenching | 9.0 | 10.8 | 0 | |
| The SUJ2 secondary quenching | 11.5 | 4.0 | 0 |
From table 1 result, in the test portion sample of having implemented the track plate after the special thermal treatment, any one of SUJ2, SCM415M and S70C, skin section all has been identified nitrogen-rich layer, the austenitic crystal size sequence number of skin section is more than No. 11, the retained austenite amount is more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %, and the nitrogen content of skin section is more than the 0.1 quality %, below the 0.7 quality %.
On the other hand, the either or both in the retained austenite amount of in the test portion sample of the heat treated track plate beyond having implemented special thermal treatment, do not obtain more than the austinite grain size sequence number and 5 volume % more than No. 11,25 volume % are following.
Then, described each track plate and roller combination are made the thrust needle roller bearing, carried out the life test of this thrust needle roller bearing.The test conditions of table 2 expression life test, the test result of table 3 expression life test.
Table 2
Test conditions
| Load | 4000N |
| Rotational speed | 8000r/min |
| Lubricated | Variable-speed motor oil circulation fuel feeding, intensification naturally |
Table 3
| Example | No. | Feature | Life-span is than (L10) |
| Example of the present invention | 1 | Track circle, roller: SUJ2 special thermal treatment | 17.2 |
| 2 | Track circle: SUJ2 special thermal treatment roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 16.5 | |
| 3 | Track circle: SCM415M special thermal treatment roller: SUJ2 special thermal treatment | 10.8 | |
| 4 | Track circle: SCM415M special thermal treatment roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 8.5 | |
| 5 | Track circle: S70C special thermal treatment roller: SUJ2 special thermal treatment | 14.2 | |
| 6 | Track circle: S70C special thermal treatment roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 13.1 | |
| Comparative example | 7 | The track circle: roller is handled in the SCM415M cyaniding: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 3.0 |
| 8 | Track circle: SCM415M cyaniding processing+quenching roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 3.3 | |
| 9 | The track circle: roller is handled in the SCM415M cyaniding: SUJ2 quenches fully | 1.5 | |
| 10 | Track circle, roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 4.2 | |
| 11 | The track circle: roller is handled in the S70C cyaniding: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 3.4 | |
| 12 | Track circle: SCM415M carburizing roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 1.0 | |
| 13 | The track circle: SCM415M carburizing roller: SUJ2 quenches fully | 0.5 | |
| 14 | Track circle: the SUJ2 roller that quenches fully: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 0.9 | |
| 15 | Track circle: SUJ2 hot quenching roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 1.0 | |
| 16 | Track circle: SUJ2 secondary quenching roller: the SUJ2 cyaniding is handled | 0.9 | |
| 17 | Track circle: the SUJ2 roller that quenches fully: SUJ2 quenches fully | 0.4 | |
| 18 | Track circle: the S70C roller that quenches fully: SUJ2 quenches fully | 0.4 |
※ special thermal treatment: exploitation heat treatment
Result from table 3, in having the thrust needle roller bearing of the track plate of having implemented special thermal treatment, with have the thrust needle roller bearing of having implemented the heat treated track plate beyond the special thermal treatment and compare, the L10 life-span is improved (as the 90% not damaged load number of times that can use of the thrust needle roller bearing of sample), becomes the long lifetime.Learn in addition,,, just can further improve the L10 life-span, become the long lifetime by not only also implementing special thermal treatment to track plate but also to roller even track plate is identical material between mutually.
Should think that the example and the embodiment of current announcement are illustrations at all everyways, not as restriction.Scope of the present invention is not above-mentioned explanation but is represented by claims, and comprises and the implication of claims equalization and all changes in the scope.
Practicality on the industry
The invention particularly relates to Vehicular air and regulate the thrust needle roller bearing of compressor and variable-speed motor (hand gear machine, automatic speed variator and stepless speed changer) usefulness, the supporting structure that the early damage that the invention particularly relates to the surface damage that the surface of thrust needle roller bearing is played that type is peeled off etc. produces effect, use the rotation fatigue of the interdependent type of common load of thrust needle roller bearing also resultful long-life stepless speed changer.
Claims (10)
1. a thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B), have the track plate (1) and the needle rollers relative (2) that constitute by the thin-walled steel plate, it is characterized in that, at least the skin section at described track plate (1) has nitrogen-rich layer, the retained austenite amount of described skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of described skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
2. thrust needle roller bearing as claimed in claim 1 (10A, 10B) is characterized in that, the nitrogen content of described skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality %.
3. one kind is born the supporting structure (10A, 10B) that Vehicular air is regulated the thrust loading of compressor, and this Vehicular air is regulated compressor (100,200,300) swash plate (103,203,303) along with main shaft (104,204,304) rotation and rotating, make piston (107,207,307) do oscillating motion thus, it is characterized in that
Bearing by described swash plate (103,203,303) the thrust loading that rotation produced, have in the thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B) of the track plate (1) that constitutes by the thin-walled steel plate and needle rollers relative (2), at least the skin section in described track plate (1) side has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of described skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of described skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
4. the supporting structure (10A, 10B) that bears the thrust loading of Vehicular air adjusting compressor as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the nitrogen content of described skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality %.
5. supporting structure (510) that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator, this automatic speed variator has fluid torque converter (500), and this fluid torque converter (500) has the impeller (501) and the turbine (503) that face one another across stator (502) and it is characterized in that,
At least one side in reaching between described stator (502) and the turbine (503) between described stator (502) and described impeller (501) has thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B), and this thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B) comprises track plate (1) and the needle rollers relative (2) that is made of the thin-walled steel plate
At least the skin section at described track plate (1) has nitrogen-rich layer, and the retained austenite amount of described skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of described skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
6. the supporting structure (510) that bears the thrust loading of automatic speed variator as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that the nitrogen content of described skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality %.
7. the supporting structure (10) of a stepless speed changer (600) usefulness, the rotation of the input shaft (601) of this stepless speed changer (600) are done stepless variation back and are transmitted to output shaft (603), it is characterized in that,
In the track plate (1) that the thrust loading that either party's rotation produces in bearing because of described input shaft (601) and described output shaft (603) and having is made of the thin-walled steel plate and the thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B) of needle rollers relative (2), at least the skin section at described track plate (1) has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of described skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of described skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
8. the supporting structure (10) of stepless speed changer as claimed in claim 7 (600) usefulness is characterized in that, the nitrogen content of described skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality %.
9. supporting structure (10A who bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine (650), 10B), described hand gear machine (650) is by the gear (664a of input shaft (661), 664b) with (gear of the meshing and reversing shaft (663) of 664h～the 664k) (gear of 664h～664k) and output shaft (the 662) (engagement of 664c～664g) and can make the rotational speed changed in stages of the rotational speed of described output shaft (662) of the gear of reversing shaft (663) with respect to described input shaft (661), it is characterized in that
In the track plate (1) that the thrust loading of any and having is made of the thin-walled steel plate in bearing described input shaft (661), described reversing shaft (663) and described output shaft (662) and the thrust needle roller bearing (10A, 10B) of needle rollers relative (2), at least the skin section at described track plate (1) has nitrogen-rich layer, the Ovshinsky scale of construction of described skin section is that the austinite grain size sequence number of described skin section is more than No. 11 more than the 5 volume %, below the 25 volume %.
10. the supporting structure (10A, 10B) that bears the thrust loading of hand gear machine (650) as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that the nitrogen content of described skin section is the scope of 0.1 quality %～0.7 quality %.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004004355A JP2005195148A (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-01-09 | Thrust needle roller bearing |
| JP004355/2004 | 2004-01-09 | ||
| JP040085/2004 | 2004-02-17 | ||
| JP040031/2004 | 2004-02-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1902408A true CN1902408A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| CN100429415C CN100429415C (en) | 2008-10-29 |
Family
ID=34818990
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004800401641A Expired - Fee Related CN100429415C (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2004-12-20 | Thrust needle roller bearing, support structure receiving thrust load of compressor for car air-conditioner, support structure receiving thrust load of automatic transmission, support structure for no |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2005195148A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN100429415C (en) |
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| CN102644657A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-08-22 | 山东义信重机制造有限公司 | Plane bearing for vertical type lathe |
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| CN106050602A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏盈科汽车空调有限公司 | Automobile air-conditioner compressor |
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| CN108869534A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-23 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Thrust roller bearing |
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| JP5058611B2 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2012-10-24 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Thrust bearing |
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| JP3524229B2 (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 2004-05-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High toughness case hardened steel machine parts and their manufacturing method |
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| JP2002070872A (en) * | 2000-08-30 | 2002-03-08 | Nsk Ltd | Thrust needle roller bearing |
| JP2002364648A (en) * | 2001-06-07 | 2002-12-18 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing |
| JP2003083337A (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2003-03-19 | Nsk Ltd | Needle roller thrust bearing |
| JP3990213B2 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2007-10-10 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Bearing parts and rolling bearings |
| JP3905430B2 (en) * | 2001-11-29 | 2007-04-18 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Bearing parts and rolling bearings |
| JP2003287035A (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-10 | Nsk Ltd | Thrust needle bearing |
| JP2003294034A (en) * | 2002-04-04 | 2003-10-15 | Nsk Ltd | Thrust needle bearing |
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2004
- 2004-01-09 JP JP2004004355A patent/JP2005195148A/en active Pending
- 2004-12-20 CN CNB2004800401641A patent/CN100429415C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102644657A (en) * | 2012-02-14 | 2012-08-22 | 山东义信重机制造有限公司 | Plane bearing for vertical type lathe |
| CN105283684A (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2016-01-27 | Ntn株式会社 | Tapered roller bearing |
| US9816557B2 (en) | 2013-06-10 | 2017-11-14 | Ntn Corporation | Tapered roller bearing |
| CN105283684B (en) * | 2013-06-10 | 2019-01-15 | Ntn株式会社 | Conical roller bearing |
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| CN105972073A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏盈科汽车空调有限公司 | Special pressure-bearing plane bearing of automobile air conditioner compressor swash plate assembly |
| CN106050602A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 江苏盈科汽车空调有限公司 | Automobile air-conditioner compressor |
| CN108869534A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-23 | 株式会社捷太格特 | Thrust roller bearing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100429415C (en) | 2008-10-29 |
| JP2005195148A (en) | 2005-07-21 |
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