CN1900531B - 将运动传递到风扇以冷却机动车辆发动机的双衔铁装置 - Google Patents
将运动传递到风扇以冷却机动车辆发动机的双衔铁装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种将运动传递到风扇(1)以冷却机动车辆中的冷却剂的装置,包括:支撑装置(20a;220;420a),通过惰动钟形件(1a)将风扇(1)安装在支撑装置上;第一电磁离合器(30),包括至少一个第一电磁体(32)、转动体(31、531)和衔铁(33),该衔铁通过基于傅科寄生电流型的第二离合器(200)连接到惰动钟形件(1a)上,并且还设置了与支撑风扇(1)的所述钟形件(1a)直接连接的第二衔铁(34)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将运动传递到风扇以冷却机动车辆中冷却剂的双衔铁装置。
背景技术
在涉及装在机动车辆散热器中的冷却剂的冷却的技术领域中,公知的是需要使空气强迫流动到散热器上,以更迅速地将冷却剂中的热量散发到外部。通过风扇的转动可以形成所述的强迫气流,风扇通常安装在水泵的轴上或安装在驱动轴上或安装在支撑皮带轮的从动的和固定的轴上,该皮带轮接受来自驱动轴驱动的皮带的运动。还公知的是,必须是只有温度调节装置检测的水温达到预定温度时,风扇才转动,其中该温度调节装置是由电磁离合器启动的,当电磁离开器闭合时风扇开始转动。
更具体地,要求机动车辆的风扇必须能够在如下速度下转动:
-低于传动轴的速度,以在外部低温情况下冷却;
-等于甚至大于传动轴的速度,以在外部高温情况下冷却或者在会引起发动机过热的严重情况下使用;
-零速,也就是风扇根本不转并且相对于传动轴保持空闲(idle)状态,特别是在进一步的冷却不起作用甚至会造成损害的低温情况下。
为了实现这些操作特征,已经开发了混合型的联接系统,其包括电磁操作的摩擦式离合器和驱动联轴器,它们基于使用寄生电流,该寄生电流是由永磁体附近的传导元件的转动而产生的。
例如,DE-3203143描述了一种装置,其中驱动轴与电磁离合器的转动体连接,通过连接到风扇的衔铁进行接合以直接驱动,但是在低速情况下利用了在随传动轴转动的传导盘和与风扇形成一体的永磁体之间的接合,由于两部件之间的相对滑动,所述接合传输低速时的运动。但是,采用这种解决方案,不可能实现风扇的空闲状态。
另外,在离合器线圈的供电断开和/或完全中断的情况下,例如在所有的电路故障情况下,已知的装置不可能保持风扇低速转动(故障安全模式)。
因此,所提出的技术问题是提供一种将转动传递到风扇以冷却机动车辆的冷却剂的装置,其允许风扇以不同于驱动轴转数并且根据发动机实际冷却需要确定的多个转数进行转动,该装置具有紧凑的尺寸,没有大且昂贵的转动质量,并且由在成本上少量的部件组成。
与这个问题相关联,该装置应当能够在空闲状态下将风扇保持静止,并且在相关电源和控制装置发生故障的情况下确保风扇的可靠运转。
发明内容
根据本发明通过一种将运动传递到冷却机动车辆冷却剂的风扇的装置,可以解决这些技术问题。该装置包括:支撑装置,通过惰动钟形件将风扇安装在支撑装置上;第一电磁离合器,包括转动体和第一衔铁,该第一衔铁通过傅科寄生电流型的第二离合器连接到惰动钟形件上,其特征在于所述装置包括单个电磁体以及与支撑风扇的所述钟形件直接连接且与第一衔铁同心的第二衔铁。其中第一衔铁通过第一弹性膜连接到环形法兰,所述第二衔铁通过第二弹性膜连接到支撑风扇的钟形件,并且第一衔铁的第一弹性膜的轴向阻力小于第二衔铁的第二弹性膜的轴向阻力。
附图说明
从下面结合附图对本发明非限制性实施例的描述可以了解更多细节,其中:
-图1是空闲状态下,根据本发明将运动传递到风扇的装置的第一实施例的示意性的轴向剖视图;
-图2是低速行驶状态下,与图1类似的装置的轴向横截面图;
-图3是高速行驶状态下,与图1类似的装置的轴向横截面图;
-图4是根据本发明的第二实施例的示意性的轴向剖视图;
-图5是根据本发明的第三实施例的示意性的轴向剖视图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,冷却风扇1固定在位于轴承1b上的用于支撑的钟形件1a上,以与其转轴共轴。该轴承安装在车辆驱动轴20的延伸部20a上。
为了方便下面的描述,“纵向X-X”理解为与驱动轴的纵轴线一致/平行的方向。
轴20的同一个延伸部20a上还安装有并可转动地锁定在其上的转动体31,转动体31形成第一离合器30的转动件,第一离合器30包括环形电磁体32,电磁体32与转动体31同心并且安装在轴承11的外表面上,轴承11设置在转轴和固定支撑法兰12之间,该固定支撑法兰12与发动机基座10连接;电磁体32通过电线32a电连接到例如用于测量冷却流体温度的温度调节装置(未示出)上。
第一衔铁33相对于转动体31设置在电磁体32的相对侧上并且与环形法兰40连接,环形法兰40连接到轴承21的外表面21a上,轴承21用键连接到轴20上。
衔铁33和法兰40之间的连接是用它们之间的弹性件33a实现的,弹性件33a允许衔铁33的轴向移动,但是防止衔铁和法兰40之间的相对转动。
所述法兰40也支撑第二离合器200的第一部分210,它的另一部分220与风扇1的钟形件1a形成一体。
更详细地,所述离合器的第一部分210包括保持环213,保持环213由非磁性材料制成并且支撑永磁体214。
离合器第二部分220由环221形成,该环221由导电材料制成并且与钟形件1a形成一体,该钟形件1a由非磁性材料如模铸的铝制成。
采用这种结构,第二离合器的第一部分210形成转动部分,以产生所述离合器200的运动。所述离合器200通过法兰40和永磁体214产生傅科电流从而与可转动地被驱动的环(从动盘)221感应连接,使钟形件1a转动,进而使风扇1转动。
第二衔铁34与第一衔铁33同心放置,相对于第一衔铁其在径向上更靠外,并且通过与钟形件1a连接的弹性膜34a与钟形件1a连接。在第二衔铁34和钟形件1a之间的该弹性膜34a的设置能够使衔铁34轴向运动,但是禁止衔铁和钟形件相对转动。
第二衔铁34的膜34a在轴向上的阻力大于第一衔铁的膜33a在轴向上的阻力,从而使衔铁向转动体移动就需要更大的回动力(recallforce)。
第二衔铁34的径向尺寸也大于第一衔铁33的径向尺寸。
使用这种结构,就有可能得到风扇1的不同的及所需的转速,也就是:
a)在不激励电磁体32(见图1)从而离合器30不接合的情况下,驱动轴20的运动不会传递到风扇1。风扇保持静止,处于空闲状态;
b)在用小电流激励电磁体32的情况下(见图2),只有较小尺寸的第一衔铁33回动,并且克服了膜33a轴向上的有限的阻力与转动体31接合,从而通过第二离合器(傅科耦合,Foucault coupling)200将运动传递到风扇;由于传动伴随有法兰40和钟形件1a的相对滑动,所以钟形件1a的转动速度会比驱动轴20的速度低;
c)在用最大电流激励电磁体32的情况下(见图3),第二衔铁34也回动,并且克服了相应的膜34a的阻力与转动体31接合,从而将驱动轴20的运动直接传递到钟形件1a,使风扇的转速等于驱动轴的转速。
图4所示是根据本发明的装置实施例改变后的第一实施例,其中整个组件安装在固定轴420a上,转动体431通过设置在转动体与固定轴之间的轴承435安装在固定轴上;转动体包括皮带轮431a形式的环向延伸部,环向延伸部能够与相应的驱动皮带431b接合,通过它们可以驱动所述转动体431。
图5所示的是装置的另一个实施例,其中,设想转动体531连接到驱动轴的延伸部520a上,第二衔铁34通过弹性轴承534连接到风扇的钟形件1a上,该弹性轴承能吸收接合期间的扭转振动。
使用根据本发明的双衔铁装置,可以看出其有可能获得要求的多级速度及空闲操作,并且具有紧凑的轴向和径向结构及较少的部件,同时还避免使用专用轴承,从而就减少了相关的生产、组装及维护成本。
Claims (11)
1.一种将运动传递到风扇(1)以冷却机动车辆中的冷却剂的装置,包括:
-支撑装置(20a;420a),通过惰动钟形件(1a)将风扇(1)安装在支撑装置上;
-第一电磁离合器(30),包括转动体(31、431、531)和第一衔铁(33),该第一衔铁通过傅科寄生电流型的第二离合器(200)连接到惰动钟形件(1a)上,其特征在于所述将运动传递到风扇以冷却机动车辆中的冷却剂的装置包括单个电磁体(32)以及与支撑风扇(1)的所述钟形件(1a)直接连接且与第一衔铁(33)同心的第二衔铁(34),
所述第一衔铁(33)通过第一弹性膜(33a)连接到环形法兰,所述第二衔铁(34)通过第二弹性膜(34a)连接到支撑风扇(1)的钟形件(1a),并且
第一衔铁(33)的第一弹性膜(33a)的轴向阻力小于第二衔铁(34)的第二弹性膜(34a)的轴向阻力。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述支撑装置(20a)形成车辆驱动轴(20)的延伸部并且与转动体(31、531)转动地锁定。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述电磁体(32)通过法兰(12)安装在轴承(11)的座圈上,所述轴承位于转轴和与发动机基座(10)连接的固定法兰(12)之间。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述第二衔铁(34)的径向尺寸大于第一衔铁(33)的径向尺寸。
5.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述第二离合器(200)包括第一部分(210)和第二部分(200),第一部分(210)与连接到第一衔铁的法兰(40)形成一体,第二部分(220)与风扇(1)的钟形件(1a)形成一体。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于所述第二离合器(200)的第一部分(210)包括由非磁性材料制成的环(213),以容纳永磁体(214)。
7.如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于所述第二离合器(200)的第二部分(220)包括由传导材料制成的并且与钟形件(1a)形成一体的环(221),该钟形件由非磁性材料制成。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述支撑装置(420a)是固定的。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置,其特征在于转动体(431)安装在所述支撑装置上,在转动体(431)和支撑装置之间安放有轴承(435)。
10.如权利要求9所述的装置,其特征在于所述转动体包括皮带轮(431a)形式环形延伸部,该皮带轮适于与相应的驱动皮带(431b)接合。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于所述第二衔铁(34)通过弹性轴承(534)连接到风扇(1)的钟形件(1a)上。
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IT001423A ITMI20051423A1 (it) | 2005-07-22 | 2005-07-22 | Dispositivo a doppia ancora per la trasmissione del moto a ventole di raffreddamento del motore di veicoli |
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---|---|---|---|---|
CA2744349A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-05-27 | Magna Powertrain Inc. | Dual electromagnetic clutch assembly |
IT1400690B1 (it) * | 2010-04-15 | 2013-06-28 | Baruffaldi Spa | Dispositivo elettromagnetico reversibile, a doppia azione, per la trasmissione del moto a/da un elemento condotto/conduttore |
DE112012001651T5 (de) * | 2011-04-11 | 2014-03-06 | Litens Automotive Partnership | Antrieb mit mehreren Geschwindigkeiten zum Übertragen von Kraft zu einer Last |
ITMI20111094A1 (it) * | 2011-06-17 | 2012-12-18 | Baruffaldi Spa | Dispositivo a doppio innesto per la trasmissione del moto a ventole di raffreddamento del motore di veicoli |
KR101382282B1 (ko) * | 2012-02-29 | 2014-04-08 | 현대자동차(주) | 엔진의 가변 흡기계 장치 |
DE102014010983B4 (de) * | 2014-07-29 | 2022-08-04 | Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg | Getriebevorrichtung, umfassend ein Getriebe und einen Lüfter |
CN104315030A (zh) * | 2014-10-09 | 2015-01-28 | 芜湖市中亚汽车制动元件有限公司 | 电磁离合器 |
ITUB20156013A1 (it) * | 2015-11-30 | 2017-05-30 | Baruffaldi Spa | Rotore per dispositivo a doppia ancora per la trasmissione del moto a ventole di raffreddamento del motore di veicoli e dispositivo di trasmissione dotato di tale rotore |
DE102015121211A1 (de) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-08 | Licos Trucktec Gmbh | Reibschaltkupplung für eine Drehmomentübertragung von einem um eine Achse antreibbaren Rotor auf eine anzutreibende Welle |
CN110537025A (zh) * | 2017-04-17 | 2019-12-03 | 株式会社Tbk | 水泵 |
CN110651132B (zh) * | 2017-05-24 | 2021-05-28 | 巴鲁法蒂股份公司 | 用于车辆的冷却风扇的双电枢运动传递装置的转子 |
US11506109B2 (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2022-11-22 | Baruffaldi S.P.A. | Hybrid apparatus for controlling the rotation of a fan for cooling the cooling fluid of a vehicle |
JP7193970B2 (ja) * | 2018-10-04 | 2022-12-21 | 株式会社アイシン | 励磁作動ブレーキ |
CN110382883B (zh) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-06-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学(深圳) | 旋转关节电磁锁紧装置及旋转关节 |
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2005
- 2005-07-22 IT IT001423A patent/ITMI20051423A1/it unknown
-
2006
- 2006-07-11 AT AT06076393T patent/ATE499516T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-07-11 EP EP06076393A patent/EP1746266B1/en active Active
- 2006-07-11 DE DE602006020210T patent/DE602006020210D1/de active Active
- 2006-07-21 CN CN2006101057411A patent/CN1900531B/zh active Active
- 2006-10-05 US US11/538,826 patent/US7757830B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US4926992A (en) * | 1987-11-21 | 1990-05-22 | Linnig Karl Heinz | Electromagnetically operable friction-disk clutch |
US6468163B1 (en) * | 1998-11-19 | 2002-10-22 | Baruffaldi S.P.A. | Device for transmitting the movement for motor-vehicle fans with a front-linkage induction coupling |
CN1312183A (zh) * | 2000-02-29 | 2001-09-12 | 巴鲁法蒂股份公司 | 联接系统同轴操作的机动车风扇的运动传递装置 |
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US6915887B2 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2005-07-12 | Linning Trucktec Gmbh | Drive member for a water pump of the cooling-water circuit of an internal combustion engine and frictional shift clutch |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE602006020210D1 (de) | 2011-04-07 |
US20070084691A1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
US7757830B2 (en) | 2010-07-20 |
EP1746266A2 (en) | 2007-01-24 |
EP1746266A3 (en) | 2008-09-10 |
ITMI20051423A1 (it) | 2007-01-23 |
EP1746266B1 (en) | 2011-02-23 |
ATE499516T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
CN1900531A (zh) | 2007-01-24 |
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