CN1898134A - 塑料容器或预制坯 - Google Patents

塑料容器或预制坯 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1898134A
CN1898134A CNA200480038851XA CN200480038851A CN1898134A CN 1898134 A CN1898134 A CN 1898134A CN A200480038851X A CNA200480038851X A CN A200480038851XA CN 200480038851 A CN200480038851 A CN 200480038851A CN 1898134 A CN1898134 A CN 1898134A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
bottleneck
neck
groove
lip
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA200480038851XA
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English (en)
Inventor
托马斯·E·纳希尔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Graham Packaging Pet Technologies Inc
Original Assignee
Graham Packaging Pet Technologies Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Graham Packaging Pet Technologies Inc filed Critical Graham Packaging Pet Technologies Inc
Publication of CN1898134A publication Critical patent/CN1898134A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/071—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration, e.g. geometry, dimensions or physical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D1/00—Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material
    • B65D1/02—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents
    • B65D1/0223—Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents characterised by shape
    • B65D1/023—Neck construction
    • B65D1/0246—Closure retaining means, e.g. beads, screw-threads
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Abstract

一种用于塑料容器或预制坯的瓶口组件，包括具有被外凸缘(22)所环绕的开口端的一塑料颈部。所述凸缘具有邻近该颈部外表面的轴向开口的槽。还包括一塑料瓶口环，该瓶口环具有环形主体、与所述颈部的外表面对置的内表面、带有至少一个用于固紧瓶盖的外螺纹或卷边或其他装置的外表面，以及延伸到槽中的环形唇(36)。所述槽可以被所述凸缘上的径向向内延伸的锥形面部分地形成，并且所述唇具有径向向外延伸的锥形面啮合于所述凸缘上径向面朝内的锥形面，以使瓶口环相对于所述凸缘密封从而防止液体在瓶口环与颈部之间进入。

Description

塑料容器或预制坯
技术领域
本发明涉及用于塑料容器或预制坯的瓶口，涉及用于吹塑形成塑料容器的预制坯组件，涉及由该预制坯组件吹塑形成的塑料容器，以及涉及制作所述瓶口、预制坯组件和容器的方法。
背景技术
在塑料容器的制造中，常规上注入成型或压模形成容器的预制坯，该预制坯具有主体以及带一个或更多外螺纹或其他瓶盖固定装置的瓶口。预制坯瓶口通常被模制成其最终的形状，而预制坯主体随后被吹塑成型为容器主体的所需形状。预制坯可以是单层结构或是多层结构，在多层结构中，预制坯主体中的一个或更多中间层可以延伸至或不延伸至预制坯的瓶口区域内。美国专利No.4,609,516、4,710,118和4,954,376描述了多层容器预制坯的注入成型。
将容器的瓶口区域模制成预制坯的一部分存在若干问题。例如，当预制坯以注入成型法形成时，塑料材料通常在预制坯主体的封闭端被注入模腔内并必须首先流入沿着预制坯内腔侧面的区域，以形成壁相对较薄的预制坯主体，然后流入瓶口被模制的区域以形成厚得多的瓶口部分。由于其处于流动路径的末端，可能难于充分地注满上述相对较厚且更具轮廓的瓶口部分。此外，瓶口通常比预制坯主体要求更为精确且稳定的标注尺寸，这样可能延长模制工艺的周期时间。另外，在预制坯瓶口部分至少与预制坯主体的外层材料相同的情况下，可能会限制在瓶口获得更为需要的性能特性的能力。举例来说，当预制坯是聚酯结构譬如聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)时，可以将预制坯的瓶口部分整体或部分晶化以改善瓶口区域的运行特性，尤其是对于较高温度的容器应用(譬如热装罐、巴氏灭菌，瓶胆等)。然而，瓶口至少与预制坯主体(对于多层的预制坯)的外层材料相同的上述要求可能会限制预制坯或容器的设计、制造和/或性能特性。
在转让于本申请受让人的美国申请系列No.10/351,671、10/375,376、10/375,758和10/403,415中，公开了用于预制坯和容器的瓶口组件，其中预制坯颈部具有环绕于其开口端的外凸缘，并且一个单独的塑料瓶口环以与该外凸缘相衔接的方式被装配在预制坯颈部上。所述瓶口环具有一个或更多的外螺纹或其他装置用来固紧瓶盖，且其塑料结构可以不同于预制坯的塑料结构。预制坯主体和颈部可以是相对较薄的塑料结构，而瓶口环(自己或与颈部一起)形成加厚的结构。然而，在充注容器期间从瓶口溢出的液体可能在瓶口环与预制坯凸缘之间流动，并在瓶口环与预制坯颈部之间汇集。这种流动难看并可能导致模制品变形。由此期望提供一种用于塑料预制坯或容器的瓶口组件、一种制作塑料预制坯或容器的方法以及一种预制坯组件，它们可减少或消除液体在瓶口环与预制坯/容器颈部之间泄漏的可能性。
发明内容
按照本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种制作预制坯组件的方法。提供塑料预制坯，该预制坯具备带封闭端的主体以及从该主体延伸的颈部，所述颈部具备开口端以及环绕该开口端径向向外延伸的凸缘。所述凸缘具备邻近所述颈部的外表面的切口槽。提供瓶口环，该瓶口环具备环形主体以及带有用于固紧瓶盖的固定部分的外表面。环形唇从瓶口环的所述主体延伸。将上述瓶口环与预制坯进行装配，以使所述环被容纳在所述颈部的外表面上并且所述环形唇被容纳在所述槽的至少一部分中并与其相啮合。
按照本发明的另外一个实施例，提供了一种用于塑料容器或预制坯的瓶口组件。该组件包括具备被外凸缘环绕的开口端的塑料颈部，所述凸缘具有邻近所述颈部的外表面的切口槽。该组件还包括塑料瓶口环，所述瓶口环具备带有与所述颈部的外表面对置的内表面的环形主体，以及带有用于固紧瓶盖的固定部分的外表面。瓶口环上的环形唇延伸到所述槽的至少一部分中并与其相啮合。
在另外一个实施例中，提供了一种用于吹塑形成塑料容器的预制坯组件。所述组件包括塑料预制坯，该预制坯具备带封闭端的、将被吹塑形成容器的主体，以及从该主体轴向延伸并具备开口端的颈部，所述开口端带有径向向外延伸的凸缘。所述凸缘具有环形底切以在凸缘的下侧形成切口槽。所述组件还包括瓶口环，该瓶口环具备设置在所述预制坯颈部上的环形主体，以及带有至少一个外螺纹的外表面。瓶口环上的环形唇延伸到所述槽的至少一部分中并与其相啮合。
在本发明各个描述的实施例中，所述唇与槽的啮合部分包括一个或更多的面向表面，这些表面能够将所述瓶口环相对于所述凸缘密封。所述槽，它可以从所述凸缘的下侧切出或模制于其中，产生了径向延伸的上部凸缘部分以及向下凸出的外缘凸起或唇。该外凸缘唇通常与所述槽(以及预制坯颈部的中心轴线)轴向对准。所述凸缘上的这一唇部具有至少一个与所述瓶口环的环形唇上的对置表面相匹配的面向表面，以密封所述瓶口环与凸缘。所述面向表面可以譬如形成相配合的锥形面。所述面向表面可以延伸至所述瓶口环与凸缘的外表面，由此阻止或避免在所述预制坯颈部与瓶口环之间任何液体的进入。所述瓶口环的唇与预制坯的槽可以处于完全衔接中，或者所述唇与槽的至少一部分之间可以存在间隙，只要其他部分能够密封所述唇与槽。作为选择，所述唇与槽可以具有阶梯形的面向表面。
通常，所述瓶口环与预制坯颈部中的每一个都是环形体，分别具备轴向拉长的环形啮合内表面和外表面。所述瓶口环由此形成环绕于所述预制坯颈部的套环。
所述瓶口环可以用来为预制坯或容器的颈部提供与容器的侧壁相比要厚得多的瓶口部分。所述瓶口环可以是不同于预制坯或容器的颈部的塑料材料，由此，提供了不同的性能特性。在其与颈部装配之前或之后，可以对所述瓶口环进行处理(譬如，热处理)，以提供不同的性能(即使由与颈部相同的材料制成)。在通过吹塑成型预制坯以形成容器之后，所述瓶口环可以从预制坯的底端被套入并处于预制坯的颈部上。
通过下列描述及附图，可以理解本发明的其他不同实施例。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明一个实施例的预制坯组件的正视图；
图2是图1中所示预制坯组件的分解透视图；
图3是基本沿着图1中的3-3线得到的部分剖面图；
图3A是图3中所示预制坯颈部上端的放大比例的部分剖面图；
图3B是图3中所示瓶口环上端的放大比例的部分剖面图；
图4和图5是与图3所示相似、但显示了瓶口环和预制坯颈部的修改实施例的部分剖面图；
图6是按照本发明另一实施例、用来提供预制坯组件的预制坯及瓶口环的透视图；
图7是基本沿着图6中的7-7线得到的预制坯颈部及瓶口环的放大部分剖面图；以及
图8是与图6-7所示预制坯组件相似的瓶口环及预制坯颈部的部分剖面图及部分示意图，并进一步显示了由该预制坯的主体部分制成的吹塑成型容器部分。
具体实施方式
图1-3B显示了按照本发明一个实施例的预制坯组件10。组件10包括预制坯12以及装配于其的瓶口环14。
预制坯12包括具有封闭下端18的主体16以及整体形成的颈部20，颈部20具有从其开口端径向向外延伸的外凸缘22。颈部20通常是圆柱体结构，而凸缘22是环向连续的并基本垂直于预制坯颈部20的中心纵轴线(以图1中的3-3线来显示)。切口槽(或底切)24(参看图3和图3A)被形成在凸缘22的底面33上，譬如通过模制到凸缘中或以模制后加工方式形成在凸缘中，由此在凸缘22上产生槽上面的顶部25以及向下延伸的凸出或下唇23。如图3A中最佳显示地，槽24具有通常径向面朝外的表面26，该表面优选是预制坯颈部20的径向面朝外的表面28的延续，环形底面30邻接于(并且基本垂直于)表面26，此外倾斜的(相对于颈部中心轴线小于90°)径向面朝内表面32(参看图3A)从槽的底面30的外沿延伸。在本示例中，倾斜面32相对于颈部纵向轴线是锥形结构。锥形面32优选与预制坯颈部20的中心轴线成大约30°的角度。槽24的环形底面30优选处于基本垂直于颈部20轴线的平面内。类似地，外凸缘唇23的环形底面33优选处于基本垂直于颈部20轴线的平面内。
瓶口环14优选是模制塑料结构，并可以不同于或相同于预制坯12的塑料材料。如果使用了相同的材料，可以对所模制的瓶口环进行不同加工以提供不同的性能。瓶口环14具有拉长的环形主体34，该主体带有整体形成的轴向延伸上唇36。环主体34和唇36优选是环向连续的。唇36具有优选作为环主体34的内表面40的延续而形成的内表面38(参看图3B)，两者都优选为圆柱形。唇36还具有优选处于垂直于环14的纵轴线(与所述颈部轴线相同)的平面内的上端面42，以及从上端面42外沿延伸的径向面朝外的锥形面44。锥形面44优选与预制坯凸缘的唇23上的锥形面32互补，优选处于大约30°的角度，以使这两个面向表面彼此衔接处于密封啮合中。环14上的第二顶面46，该顶面可以相对于最上的顶面42平行或成角度，从锥形面44延伸至环主体34的径向外表面48。环主体34还包括至少一个外螺纹、卷边或其他装置用于将瓶盖固紧于最终的容器(参看图8)。在附图所示的示范性实施例中，环主体34还包括环形卷边52用于啮合瓶盖上的破损指示装置，以及支承凸缘54便于预制坯和容器的后续加工。
预制坯12优选以压模成型或注入成型工序而形成。瓶口环14，它优选以适当的塑料模制工序形成，可以从预制坯的封闭端套入以使瓶口环14的径向内表面40与预制坯颈部20的径向外表面28处于紧密的滑动啮合状态中。以上提及的待审申请公开了多种将瓶口环14装配且固紧到颈部20上的技术手段，譬如仅通过干涉压配合或使用粘合剂和/或超声波焊接来增强。将瓶口环14装配至预制坯颈部20上，直到瓶口环上的唇36被容纳在预制坯颈部凸缘22的槽24内并且锥形面44、32进入衔接啮合中为止。锥形面44、32的这种衔接面向啮合有助于防止液体在瓶口环与预制坯颈部的对置表面之间的任何流动。槽24的轴向尺寸(深度)可以小于瓶口唇36的轴向尺寸(高度)，以致在装配后预制坯凸缘22与瓶口环顶面46之间存在间隙56(参看图3)，这样有助于确保锥形面44、32处于密封啮合中。在图3中，间隙56处在凸缘22的下唇23(参看图3A)与瓶口环14的顶面46(参看图3B)之间。
图4和图5显示了按照本发明各自修改后的实施例的其他预制坯组件60、62。图4和图5中与图1至3B相一致的附图标记表示相同或相关的元件。图4中的预制坯组件与图1-3中的预制坯组件之间主要的不同在于，预制坯凸缘22a和/或瓶口环的唇36a被尺寸设定为凸缘22a的底面30、33(参看图3A)分别都与瓶口环14a的顶面42、46(参看图3B)衔接啮合。换而言之，槽的凸缘与瓶口环的唇被设定尺寸以消除图3中的间隙56。作为其他的选择，对于图4的实施例可以在表面30与42(参看图3A和3B)之间提供间隙。在图5中，颈部凸缘22b具有锥形面32b在其中延伸至凸缘外边沿的槽，并且瓶口环的唇36b的锥形面44b延伸至瓶口环的外表面，这也即是消除了啮合表面33(参看图3A)和46(参看图3B)。
图6-8显示了其他的实施例，其中装配后的预制坯和瓶口被用来形成吹塑形成的容器64。图6在下部单独显示了瓶口环14c，在图的上部显示了其与预制坯12c相组装。图7是图6中的预制坯颈部20c及瓶口环14c装配后的放大部分剖面图。图8显示了在吹塑成型预制坯主体16c以形成容器主体60c之后图6-7的组件。最终得到的容器64由此包括与容器主体60c整合一体的未膨胀预制坯颈部20c，以及设置在颈部20c上的瓶口环14c。
预制坯可以是任何合适的塑料结构，例如单层的PET或者多层结构的PET，该多层结构的PET交替具有譬如乙烯基乙醇(EVOH)或酰胺的防渗树脂层。预制坯可以被注入成型或压模成型。类似地，瓶口环可以是注入或压模成型的塑料结构。通过将瓶口环与预制坯相分离，瓶口环可以是任何需要的材料结构，相同或不同于预制坯的材料结构。例如，瓶口环可以是PET、再生树脂(PCR)、再研磨材料(REG)、聚丙稀(PP)、聚乙烯(PE)或聚乙烯萘(PEN)结构。当瓶口环是聚酯结构(譬如PET、PEN或再研磨材料)时，在模制时瓶口环可以被整体或部分地晶化。这可以通过使用快速晶化材料或适当设置制造瓶口环的加工条件譬如高模型温、缓慢成型冷却、模腔中的受热面积等来实现。作为选择，也可以在模制后工艺中整体或部分晶化瓶口环。换而言之，瓶口环的材料及制造条件可以独立于预制坯的材料及制造条件，以在预制坯和最终容器的瓶口区域获得所需的运行特性。此外，可以模制出具有薄壁部分的预制坯而无须考虑材料流入较厚的瓶口区域，由此降低了材料成本和模制周期。通过干涉配合(譬如压配合或热配合)、粘合剂或焊接将瓶口环固紧于预制坯的颈部。瓶口环和/或预制坯的颈部可以提供有适当的装置用来防止环在颈部的转动。
通过考虑本说明书及在此公开的本发明实践，本发明的其他实施例对于本领域的技术人员是显然的。由此期望上述说明和示例仅仅被看作示范，本发明真实的范围由附属的权利要求来揭示。

Claims (30)

1.一种制作预制坯组件的方法，包括下列步骤：
(a)提供塑料预制坯，该预制坯具有带封闭端的主体以及从所述主体延伸的颈部，所述颈部具有开口端以及环绕该开口端的径向向外延伸的凸缘，所述凸缘具有邻近所述颈部的外表面的切口槽；
(b)提供瓶口环，该瓶口环具有环形主体、带有用来固紧瓶盖的固定部分的外表面，以及从所述主体延伸的环形唇；以及
(c)将所述瓶口环装配至所述预制坯，以使所述环被容纳在所述颈部的外表面上，并且所述环形唇被容纳在所述槽的至少一部分中且与其相啮合。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述唇与所述槽具有面向的表面，当所述唇被容纳在所述槽内时该表面相啮合。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述面向表面相对于所述颈部的中心轴线是倾斜的。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中所述槽与唇具有锥形的面向表面。
5.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中所述面向表面延伸至所述瓶口环与凸缘的外表面。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中在步骤(c)之后，在所述凸缘与所述瓶口环的至少一部分之间存在间隙。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中在步骤(c)之后，所述唇与槽完全衔接。
8.如权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述唇与槽具有阶梯形的面向表面。
9.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述瓶口环和所述预制坯颈部分别具有环形啮合的内表面和外表面。
10.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述瓶口环的固定部分包括径向变粗的螺纹部分。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述步骤(a)以注入成型或压模成型的方式执行。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法，续之有下列步骤：(d)由所述预制坯吹塑形成容器。
13.一种用于塑料容器或预制坯的瓶口组件，包括：
(a)塑料颈部，该颈部具有被外凸缘所环绕的开口端，所述凸缘具有邻近所述颈部的外表面的切口槽；以及
(b)塑料瓶口环，该环具有环形主体、与所述颈部的外表面对置的内表面、带有用于固紧瓶盖的固定部分的外表面，以及延伸到所述槽的至少一部分中并与其相啮合的环形唇。
14.如权利要求13所述的瓶口组件，其中所述唇与槽具有啮合的面向表面以将所述瓶口环相对于所述凸缘密封。
15.如权利要求14所述的瓶口组件，其中所述面向表面相对于所述颈部的中心轴线是倾斜的。
16.如权利要求15所述的瓶口组件，其中所述槽与唇具有锥形的面向表面。
17.如权利要求13所述的瓶口组件，其中在所述凸缘与所述瓶口环至少一部分之间存在间隙。
18.如权利要求13所述的瓶口组件，其中所述唇与槽完全衔接。
19.如权利要求14所述的瓶口组件，其中所述唇与槽具有阶梯形的面向表面。
20.如权利要求13所述的瓶口组件，其中所述瓶口环的固定部分包括径向变粗的螺纹部分。
21.如权利要求13所述的瓶口组件，其中所述瓶口环与所述颈部压配合啮合。
22.一种用于吹塑形成塑料容器的预制坯组件，包括：
(a)塑料预制坯，该预制坯具有带封闭端的主体用于吹塑形成容器，以及从所述主体整体延伸具有开口端的颈部，所述开口端带有径向向外延伸的凸缘，所述凸缘在其下侧具有形成切口槽的环形底切；以及
(b)瓶口环，该瓶口环具有设置在所述颈部上的环形主体、带有至少一个外螺纹的外表面，以及延伸到所述槽的至少一部分中并与其相啮合的环形唇。
23.如权利要求22所述的预制坯组件，其中所述唇与槽具有啮合的面向表面以将所述瓶口环相对于所述凸缘密封。
24.如权利要求23所述的预制坯组件，其中所述面向表面相对于所述颈部的中心轴线是倾斜的。
25.如权利要求23所述的预制坯组件，其中所述槽与唇具有锥形的面向表面。
26.如权利要求22所述的预制坯组件，其中在所述凸缘与所述瓶口环的至少一部分之间存在间隙。
27.如权利要求22所述的预制坯组件，其中所述唇与槽完全衔接。
28.如权利要求23所述的预制坯组件，其中所述唇与槽具有阶梯形的面向表面。
29.如权利要求22所述的预制坯组件，其中所述瓶口环的固定部分包括径向变粗的螺纹部分。
30.如权利要求22所述的预制坯组件，其中所述瓶口环与所述颈部压配合啮合。
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